{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Architectural+drawings+%28visual+works%29\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026view=list","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Architectural+drawings+%28visual+works%29\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=2\u0026view=list","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Architectural+drawings+%28visual+works%29\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=5\u0026view=list"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":5,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":45,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers span the years 1952 to 2002. The papers consist primarily of architectural drawings, as well as some printed material including plan sheets, articles, and printouts of digital images. The collection documents various residential and other projects upon which Duncombe worked, one in Illinois and the rest in California.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2200.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Duncombe, A. Jane Architectural Papers","title_ssm":["A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers"],"title_tesim":["A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2002.004"],"text":["Ms.2002.004","A. 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After working for a year in the Chicago area and in Canada, Duncombe moved to San Francisco to work with  Lois Davidson Gottlieb , also a graduate of Taliesin. As part of the design team Duncombe-Davidson, based in Sausalito, she designed residences in Marin County starting with the Val Goeschen house, a one-room unit with 576 square feet, in Inverness, CA.  This partnership spanned the years 1951 to 1956.  Duncombe continued to practice in the San Francisco Bay area for forty years where she completed a broad range of projects.","The guide to the A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers span the years 1952 to 2002. The papers consist primarily of architectural drawings, as well as some printed material including plan sheets, articles, and printouts of digital images. The collection documents various residential and other projects upon which Duncombe worked, one in Illinois and the rest in California.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Duncombe, A. 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Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Architect A. 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Drawings are arranged chronologically according to project.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into two series of drawings and biographical material. Drawings are arranged chronologically according to project."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA. Jane Duncombe, born in 1925 in Ontario, Canada, graduated from the Art Institute of Chicago's School of Industrial Design where she studied under Marya Lilien. During World War II Lilien was the first woman to receive an architectural degree in Poland and was a Charter Apprentice at Taliesin. Lilien told Duncombe early in her studies, \"You must be an architect, you have it!\" Lilien's insight predicted Duncombe's apprenticeship under Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin from 1948-1949. After working for a year in the Chicago area and in Canada, Duncombe moved to San Francisco to work with \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00125.xml;query=gottlieb;brand=default\"\u003eLois Davidson Gottlieb\u003c/extref\u003e, also a graduate of Taliesin. As part of the design team Duncombe-Davidson, based in Sausalito, she designed residences in Marin County starting with the Val Goeschen house, a one-room unit with 576 square feet, in Inverness, CA.  This partnership spanned the years 1951 to 1956.  Duncombe continued to practice in the San Francisco Bay area for forty years where she completed a broad range of projects.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["A. Jane Duncombe, born in 1925 in Ontario, Canada, graduated from the Art Institute of Chicago's School of Industrial Design where she studied under Marya Lilien. 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Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers, Ms2002-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers, Ms2002-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers span the years 1952 to 2002. The papers consist primarily of architectural drawings, as well as some printed material including plan sheets, articles, and printouts of digital images. The collection documents various residential and other projects upon which Duncombe worked, one in Illinois and the rest in California.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers span the years 1952 to 2002. The papers consist primarily of architectural drawings, as well as some printed material including plan sheets, articles, and printouts of digital images. The collection documents various residential and other projects upon which Duncombe worked, one in Illinois and the rest in California."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":24,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:40:52.071Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2200.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Duncombe, A. Jane Architectural Papers","title_ssm":["A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers"],"title_tesim":["A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1952-2002"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1952-2002"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2002.004"],"text":["Ms.2002.004","A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Architects","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open to research.","The collection is arranged into two series of drawings and biographical material. Drawings are arranged chronologically according to project.","A. Jane Duncombe, born in 1925 in Ontario, Canada, graduated from the Art Institute of Chicago's School of Industrial Design where she studied under Marya Lilien. During World War II Lilien was the first woman to receive an architectural degree in Poland and was a Charter Apprentice at Taliesin. Lilien told Duncombe early in her studies, \"You must be an architect, you have it!\" Lilien's insight predicted Duncombe's apprenticeship under Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin from 1948-1949. After working for a year in the Chicago area and in Canada, Duncombe moved to San Francisco to work with  Lois Davidson Gottlieb , also a graduate of Taliesin. As part of the design team Duncombe-Davidson, based in Sausalito, she designed residences in Marin County starting with the Val Goeschen house, a one-room unit with 576 square feet, in Inverness, CA.  This partnership spanned the years 1951 to 1956.  Duncombe continued to practice in the San Francisco Bay area for forty years where she completed a broad range of projects.","The guide to the A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers span the years 1952 to 2002. The papers consist primarily of architectural drawings, as well as some printed material including plan sheets, articles, and printouts of digital images. The collection documents various residential and other projects upon which Duncombe worked, one in Illinois and the rest in California.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2002.004"],"normalized_title_ssm":["A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers"],"collection_ssim":["A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"creator_ssim":["Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"creators_ssim":["Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Architect A. 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After working for a year in the Chicago area and in Canada, Duncombe moved to San Francisco to work with \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00125.xml;query=gottlieb;brand=default\"\u003eLois Davidson Gottlieb\u003c/extref\u003e, also a graduate of Taliesin. As part of the design team Duncombe-Davidson, based in Sausalito, she designed residences in Marin County starting with the Val Goeschen house, a one-room unit with 576 square feet, in Inverness, CA.  This partnership spanned the years 1951 to 1956.  Duncombe continued to practice in the San Francisco Bay area for forty years where she completed a broad range of projects.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["A. Jane Duncombe, born in 1925 in Ontario, Canada, graduated from the Art Institute of Chicago's School of Industrial Design where she studied under Marya Lilien. 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Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers, Ms2002-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers, Ms2002-004, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers span the years 1952 to 2002. The papers consist primarily of architectural drawings, as well as some printed material including plan sheets, articles, and printouts of digital images. The collection documents various residential and other projects upon which Duncombe worked, one in Illinois and the rest in California.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The A. Jane Duncombe Architectural Papers span the years 1952 to 2002. 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Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Duncombe, A. Jane, 1925-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":24,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:40:52.071Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2200"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Alberta Pfeiffer graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1923 as one of the first women to achieve a degree in architecture at that institution. The collection contains drawings, photographs, and correspondence of her architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection consists of approximately 250 different designs for various jobs.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1524.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pfeiffer, Alberta, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1929-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1929-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.017"],"text":["Ms.1988.017","Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is divided into two series: ","Series I. Professional Papers are arranged alphabetically. ","Series II. Projects are arranged by project job number, with unknown numbers at the end in alphabetical order.","Alberta Pfeiffer was an architect from Hadlyme, Connecticut, and born in Red Bud, Illinois, in 1899. Pfeiffer was one of the first women to study architecture at the University of Illinois--Urbana/Champaign where she graduated first in her class (1923).  She was also the first woman to win the American Institute of Architects School Medal. ","She began her 55 year career as an architect at the Chicago firm Tallmadge and Watson.  After a year she returned to the University of Illinois for graduate work.  In 1925, she moved to New York City where she worked with the Harrie T. Lindberg architectural firm until she set up practice in Hadlyme with her husband, Homer F. Pfeiffer, in the early 1930s.   ","Their practice was mainly residential focusing on design and renovations in the area surrounding Hadlyme, Connecticut.  In 1940, Homer joined the Navy to supervise the construction of naval housing, hospitals, and other facilities while Alberta continued their firm's work on her own.  After the war Alberta established her own private practice and flourished in the post-war boom recalling during the 1950s and 1960s she was never without a project and often had as many as ten designs on her desk at the same time.  At her retirement in 1977 she had designed and/or renovated over 250 projects.  ","She was active in many professional and community groups joining the Society of Connecticut Craftsmen (1935) and a lifetime member of the Connecticut Society of Architects.  Pfeiffer was a member of the local board of Education and the Zoning Board, and was involved in mental health issues and activities.","Pfeiffer died in 1994.  ","More information on Alberta Pfeiffer is available from the IAWA Biographical Database.","The guide to the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, Ms1988-017 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection was completed in November 2010.","There is an article about the acquisition of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection in the  Fall 1990 IAWA Center News, the International Archive of Women in Architecture newsletter .","The Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection contains 15 boxes and 3 oversize folders consisting of drawings, photographs, and correspondence relating to Pfeiffer's architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection contains approximately 250 different designs for various projects.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Alberta Pfeiffer graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1923 as one of the first women to achieve a degree in architecture at that institution.  The collection contains drawings, photographs, and correspondence of her architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection consists of approximately 250 different designs for various jobs.","Please note:  Boxes 1-15 are located in off-site storage and may require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.017"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"creator_ssim":["Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"creators_ssim":["Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 1988 and 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.3 Cubic Feet 15 boxes, 3 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["10.3 Cubic Feet 15 boxes, 3 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/347\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Professional Papers are arranged alphabetically. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Projects are arranged by project job number, with unknown numbers at the end in alphabetical order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into two series: ","Series I. Professional Papers are arranged alphabetically. ","Series II. Projects are arranged by project job number, with unknown numbers at the end in alphabetical order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAlberta Pfeiffer was an architect from Hadlyme, Connecticut, and born in Red Bud, Illinois, in 1899. Pfeiffer was one of the first women to study architecture at the University of Illinois--Urbana/Champaign where she graduated first in her class (1923).  She was also the first woman to win the American Institute of Architects School Medal. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe began her 55 year career as an architect at the Chicago firm Tallmadge and Watson.  After a year she returned to the University of Illinois for graduate work.  In 1925, she moved to New York City where she worked with the Harrie T. Lindberg architectural firm until she set up practice in Hadlyme with her husband, Homer F. Pfeiffer, in the early 1930s.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTheir practice was mainly residential focusing on design and renovations in the area surrounding Hadlyme, Connecticut.  In 1940, Homer joined the Navy to supervise the construction of naval housing, hospitals, and other facilities while Alberta continued their firm's work on her own.  After the war Alberta established her own private practice and flourished in the post-war boom recalling during the 1950s and 1960s she was never without a project and often had as many as ten designs on her desk at the same time.  At her retirement in 1977 she had designed and/or renovated over 250 projects.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe was active in many professional and community groups joining the Society of Connecticut Craftsmen (1935) and a lifetime member of the Connecticut Society of Architects.  Pfeiffer was a member of the local board of Education and the Zoning Board, and was involved in mental health issues and activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePfeiffer died in 1994.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://iawadb.lib.vt.edu/view_all.php?person_pk=58\"\u003eMore information on Alberta Pfeiffer is available from the IAWA Biographical Database.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alberta Pfeiffer was an architect from Hadlyme, Connecticut, and born in Red Bud, Illinois, in 1899. Pfeiffer was one of the first women to study architecture at the University of Illinois--Urbana/Champaign where she graduated first in her class (1923).  She was also the first woman to win the American Institute of Architects School Medal. ","She began her 55 year career as an architect at the Chicago firm Tallmadge and Watson.  After a year she returned to the University of Illinois for graduate work.  In 1925, she moved to New York City where she worked with the Harrie T. Lindberg architectural firm until she set up practice in Hadlyme with her husband, Homer F. Pfeiffer, in the early 1930s.   ","Their practice was mainly residential focusing on design and renovations in the area surrounding Hadlyme, Connecticut.  In 1940, Homer joined the Navy to supervise the construction of naval housing, hospitals, and other facilities while Alberta continued their firm's work on her own.  After the war Alberta established her own private practice and flourished in the post-war boom recalling during the 1950s and 1960s she was never without a project and often had as many as ten designs on her desk at the same time.  At her retirement in 1977 she had designed and/or renovated over 250 projects.  ","She was active in many professional and community groups joining the Society of Connecticut Craftsmen (1935) and a lifetime member of the Connecticut Society of Architects.  Pfeiffer was a member of the local board of Education and the Zoning Board, and was involved in mental health issues and activities.","Pfeiffer died in 1994.  ","More information on Alberta Pfeiffer is available from the IAWA Biographical Database."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, Ms1988-017 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, Ms1988-017 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, Ms1988-017, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, Ms1988-017, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection was completed in November 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection was completed in November 2010."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is an article about the acquisition of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection in the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/5624\"\u003eFall 1990 IAWA Center News, the International Archive of Women in Architecture newsletter\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is an article about the acquisition of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection in the  Fall 1990 IAWA Center News, the International Archive of Women in Architecture newsletter ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection contains 15 boxes and 3 oversize folders consisting of drawings, photographs, and correspondence relating to Pfeiffer's architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection contains approximately 250 different designs for various projects.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection contains 15 boxes and 3 oversize folders consisting of drawings, photographs, and correspondence relating to Pfeiffer's architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection contains approximately 250 different designs for various projects."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_55e8b9e1eeff2f7177d79026d23a1e83\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eAlberta Pfeiffer graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1923 as one of the first women to achieve a degree in architecture at that institution.  The collection contains drawings, photographs, and correspondence of her architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection consists of approximately 250 different designs for various jobs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Alberta Pfeiffer graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1923 as one of the first women to achieve a degree in architecture at that institution.  The collection contains drawings, photographs, and correspondence of her architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection consists of approximately 250 different designs for various jobs."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_7a39efc77087cae0ba2be4edc91a2330\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-15 are located in off-site storage and may require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Boxes 1-15 are located in off-site storage and may require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Contact Special Collections for more information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:43:34.607Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1524.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pfeiffer, Alberta, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1929-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1929-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.017"],"text":["Ms.1988.017","Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection is divided into two series: ","Series I. Professional Papers are arranged alphabetically. ","Series II. Projects are arranged by project job number, with unknown numbers at the end in alphabetical order.","Alberta Pfeiffer was an architect from Hadlyme, Connecticut, and born in Red Bud, Illinois, in 1899. Pfeiffer was one of the first women to study architecture at the University of Illinois--Urbana/Champaign where she graduated first in her class (1923).  She was also the first woman to win the American Institute of Architects School Medal. ","She began her 55 year career as an architect at the Chicago firm Tallmadge and Watson.  After a year she returned to the University of Illinois for graduate work.  In 1925, she moved to New York City where she worked with the Harrie T. Lindberg architectural firm until she set up practice in Hadlyme with her husband, Homer F. Pfeiffer, in the early 1930s.   ","Their practice was mainly residential focusing on design and renovations in the area surrounding Hadlyme, Connecticut.  In 1940, Homer joined the Navy to supervise the construction of naval housing, hospitals, and other facilities while Alberta continued their firm's work on her own.  After the war Alberta established her own private practice and flourished in the post-war boom recalling during the 1950s and 1960s she was never without a project and often had as many as ten designs on her desk at the same time.  At her retirement in 1977 she had designed and/or renovated over 250 projects.  ","She was active in many professional and community groups joining the Society of Connecticut Craftsmen (1935) and a lifetime member of the Connecticut Society of Architects.  Pfeiffer was a member of the local board of Education and the Zoning Board, and was involved in mental health issues and activities.","Pfeiffer died in 1994.  ","More information on Alberta Pfeiffer is available from the IAWA Biographical Database.","The guide to the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, Ms1988-017 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection was completed in November 2010.","There is an article about the acquisition of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection in the  Fall 1990 IAWA Center News, the International Archive of Women in Architecture newsletter .","The Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection contains 15 boxes and 3 oversize folders consisting of drawings, photographs, and correspondence relating to Pfeiffer's architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection contains approximately 250 different designs for various projects.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Alberta Pfeiffer graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1923 as one of the first women to achieve a degree in architecture at that institution.  The collection contains drawings, photographs, and correspondence of her architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection consists of approximately 250 different designs for various jobs.","Please note:  Boxes 1-15 are located in off-site storage and may require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.017"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"creator_ssim":["Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"creators_ssim":["Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in 1988 and 1993."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["10.3 Cubic Feet 15 boxes, 3 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["10.3 Cubic Feet 15 boxes, 3 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/347\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two series: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. 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After a year she returned to the University of Illinois for graduate work.  In 1925, she moved to New York City where she worked with the Harrie T. Lindberg architectural firm until she set up practice in Hadlyme with her husband, Homer F. Pfeiffer, in the early 1930s.   \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTheir practice was mainly residential focusing on design and renovations in the area surrounding Hadlyme, Connecticut.  In 1940, Homer joined the Navy to supervise the construction of naval housing, hospitals, and other facilities while Alberta continued their firm's work on her own.  After the war Alberta established her own private practice and flourished in the post-war boom recalling during the 1950s and 1960s she was never without a project and often had as many as ten designs on her desk at the same time.  At her retirement in 1977 she had designed and/or renovated over 250 projects.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe was active in many professional and community groups joining the Society of Connecticut Craftsmen (1935) and a lifetime member of the Connecticut Society of Architects.  Pfeiffer was a member of the local board of Education and the Zoning Board, and was involved in mental health issues and activities.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePfeiffer died in 1994.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://iawadb.lib.vt.edu/view_all.php?person_pk=58\"\u003eMore information on Alberta Pfeiffer is available from the IAWA Biographical Database.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Alberta Pfeiffer was an architect from Hadlyme, Connecticut, and born in Red Bud, Illinois, in 1899. Pfeiffer was one of the first women to study architecture at the University of Illinois--Urbana/Champaign where she graduated first in her class (1923).  She was also the first woman to win the American Institute of Architects School Medal. ","She began her 55 year career as an architect at the Chicago firm Tallmadge and Watson.  After a year she returned to the University of Illinois for graduate work.  In 1925, she moved to New York City where she worked with the Harrie T. Lindberg architectural firm until she set up practice in Hadlyme with her husband, Homer F. Pfeiffer, in the early 1930s.   ","Their practice was mainly residential focusing on design and renovations in the area surrounding Hadlyme, Connecticut.  In 1940, Homer joined the Navy to supervise the construction of naval housing, hospitals, and other facilities while Alberta continued their firm's work on her own.  After the war Alberta established her own private practice and flourished in the post-war boom recalling during the 1950s and 1960s she was never without a project and often had as many as ten designs on her desk at the same time.  At her retirement in 1977 she had designed and/or renovated over 250 projects.  ","She was active in many professional and community groups joining the Society of Connecticut Craftsmen (1935) and a lifetime member of the Connecticut Society of Architects.  Pfeiffer was a member of the local board of Education and the Zoning Board, and was involved in mental health issues and activities.","Pfeiffer died in 1994.  ","More information on Alberta Pfeiffer is available from the IAWA Biographical Database."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, Ms1988-017 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, Ms1988-017 by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, Ms1988-017, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection, Ms1988-017, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection was completed in November 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection was completed in November 2010."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere is an article about the acquisition of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection in the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://vtechworks.lib.vt.edu/handle/10919/5624\"\u003eFall 1990 IAWA Center News, the International Archive of Women in Architecture newsletter\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["There is an article about the acquisition of the Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection in the  Fall 1990 IAWA Center News, the International Archive of Women in Architecture newsletter ."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection contains 15 boxes and 3 oversize folders consisting of drawings, photographs, and correspondence relating to Pfeiffer's architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection contains approximately 250 different designs for various projects.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Alberta Pfeiffer Architectural Collection contains 15 boxes and 3 oversize folders consisting of drawings, photographs, and correspondence relating to Pfeiffer's architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection contains approximately 250 different designs for various projects."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_55e8b9e1eeff2f7177d79026d23a1e83\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eAlberta Pfeiffer graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1923 as one of the first women to achieve a degree in architecture at that institution.  The collection contains drawings, photographs, and correspondence of her architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection consists of approximately 250 different designs for various jobs.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Alberta Pfeiffer graduated from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1923 as one of the first women to achieve a degree in architecture at that institution.  The collection contains drawings, photographs, and correspondence of her architectural career. Most projects are residential, and the collection consists of approximately 250 different designs for various jobs."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_7a39efc77087cae0ba2be4edc91a2330\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-15 are located in off-site storage and may require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Boxes 1-15 are located in off-site storage and may require 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Contact Special Collections for more information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Pfeiffer, Alberta Raffl, 1899-1994"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":225,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:43:34.607Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1524"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Beverly Willis Architectural Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Willis, Beverly, 1928-","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1898.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Willis, Beverly Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.019"],"text":["Ms.1992.019","Beverly Willis Architectural Collection","San Francisco (Calif.)","Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection has been arranged into a  Project Index.  which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.","A Summary of the  Project Index.   is listed below.  Consult the  Project Index.   for location information.  ","Beverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book,  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,  published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.","She was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.","Willis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.","Beverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.","Taking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.","After graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.","Willis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.","Meeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.","Willis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.","Projects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.","Throughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.","In 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book,  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,  in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.","By the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).","Willis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the  Architectural Research Institute, Inc.  (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the  Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation , and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.","Much of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture , published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC.","Some of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection.","The bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.","The first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.  ","The guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.","The bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.","Project files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.","Also included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.","The collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note:  Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"geogname_ssim":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"creator_ssm":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creators_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"places_ssim":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beverly Willis donated samples of her designs to Virginia Tech in 1992. This gift was followed, in 2000, with a donation of the bulk of the records and designs from her architectural career.  Additional small accessions arrived in 2004 and 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["100 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["100 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/225\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged into a \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA Summary of the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e  is listed below.  Consult the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e  for location information.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged into a  Project Index.  which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.","A Summary of the  Project Index.   is listed below.  Consult the  Project Index.   for location information.  "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,\u003c/title\u003e published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTaking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMeeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProjects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,\u003c/title\u003e in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.architect.org\" title=\"Architectural Research Institute, Inc.\"\u003eArchitectural Research Institute, Inc.\u003c/extref\u003e (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.bwaf.org/\" title=\"Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation\"\u003eBeverly Willis Architecture Foundation\u003c/extref\u003e, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture\u003c/title\u003e, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Source"],"bioghist_tesim":["Beverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book,  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,  published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.","She was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.","Willis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.","Beverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.","Taking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.","After graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.","Willis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.","Meeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.","Willis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.","Projects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.","Throughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.","In 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book,  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,  in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.","By the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).","Willis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the  Architectural Research Institute, Inc.  (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the  Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation , and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.","Much of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture , published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General note"],"odd_tesim":["Some of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA file-level \u003cextref href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/iawa/inventories/Willis/Willis.html\" title=\"inventory\"\u003einventory\u003c/extref\u003e of letter- and legal-size project records is available at the repository.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["A file-level  inventory  of letter- and legal-size project records is available at the repository."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, Ms1992-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, Ms1992-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.","The first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.  "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProject files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.","The bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.","Project files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.","Also included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.","The collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_174a3dc5cc0f306ff98b4fcaecbf2059\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"persname_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":212,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:45:27.234Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1898.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Willis, Beverly Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1999"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1999"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1992.019"],"text":["Ms.1992.019","Beverly Willis Architectural Collection","San Francisco (Calif.)","Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open to research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The collection has been arranged into a  Project Index.  which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.","A Summary of the  Project Index.   is listed below.  Consult the  Project Index.   for location information.  ","Beverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book,  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,  published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.","She was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.","Willis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.","Beverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.","Taking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.","After graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.","Willis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.","Meeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.","Willis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.","Projects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.","Throughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.","In 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book,  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,  in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.","By the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).","Willis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the  Architectural Research Institute, Inc.  (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the  Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation , and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.","Much of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture , published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC.","Some of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection.","The bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.","The first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.  ","The guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.","The bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.","Project files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.","Also included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.","The collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Please note:  Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1992.019"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Beverly Willis Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"geogname_ssim":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"creator_ssm":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"creators_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"places_ssim":["San Francisco (Calif.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Beverly Willis donated samples of her designs to Virginia Tech in 1992. This gift was followed, in 2000, with a donation of the bulk of the records and designs from her architectural career.  Additional small accessions arrived in 2004 and 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects and community","Housing -- United States","City planning","Architecture -- Computer-aided design","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["100 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["100 Linear Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/225\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been arranged into a \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA Summary of the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e  is listed below.  Consult the \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/assets/documents/iawa/Ms1992-019pi.xls\" show=\"new\" title=\"Project Index\"\u003eProject Index.\u003c/extref\u003e  for location information.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection has been arranged into a  Project Index.  which is a way to organize the various formats of architectural records from the same project. The index is arranged by project number and contains information, where available, about the location, date, project type, architect, collaborators, and formats for each project in the collection.","A Summary of the  Project Index.   is listed below.  Consult the  Project Index.   for location information.  "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBeverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,\u003c/title\u003e published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eShe was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTaking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAfter graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMeeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProjects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThroughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,\u003c/title\u003e in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBy the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWillis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.architect.org\" title=\"Architectural Research Institute, Inc.\"\u003eArchitectural Research Institute, Inc.\u003c/extref\u003e (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the \u003cextref href=\"http://www.bwaf.org/\" title=\"Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation\"\u003eBeverly Willis Architecture Foundation\u003c/extref\u003e, and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eInvisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture\u003c/title\u003e, published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Source"],"bioghist_tesim":["Beverly Willis, FAIA Architect, artist, and writer, was one of perhaps three women architects in the United States to own her own sizeable architecture firm between 1958 and 1990 and the only woman in San Francisco, California, to have her own practice there for 17 years. Her book,  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,  published by the National Building Museum, describes her design philosophy.","She was the first woman appointed to the Building Research Advisory Board of the National Academy of Science, the first appointed to the Federal Construction Council, and its first woman chair. She was the first woman elected president of the American Institute of Architects, California Council; and the Golden Gate Chapter of Lambda Alpha Society.","Willis played a major role in the revitalization of San Francisco neighborhoods after World War II. She renovated commercial spaces in the Jackson Square area and Union Street, redesigned Glide Church, designed the San Francisco Ballet Building, and won an international competition to design the Yerba Buena Gardens development downtown.","Beverly Willis was born February 17, 1928, in Tulsa, Oklahoma, to Ralph William Willis, founder of the National Tool Company, and Margaret Elizabeth Porter, a nurse. She had one sibling, Ralph Gerald Willis. Both Willis and her brother were placed in an orphanage when their parents divorced in 1934.","Taking advantage of the increased opportunities available to women with the advent of World War II, Willis learned welding, riveting, electrical wiring, carpentry, and how to fly an airplane--skills that reflected the fiercely independent qualities that emerged in her personality when she was in the institutional environment of the orphanage. After the war, she enrolled in an aeronautical engineering program at Oregon State University, but withdrew after two years to work at a lithographer's studio. She then studied at the San Francisco Art Institute until relocating to Hawaii. In 1954 she received a B.A. in Fine Art from the University of Hawaii.","After graduation, Willis received a series of design commissions that led to her interest in architecture. Fueled by the friendship and ideas of entrepreneur Henry Kaiser, Willis returned to San Francisco in 1960 to open a firm that designed furniture and interiors for offices, created mixed-media art for clients that included United Airlines, and re-worked supermarket displays. Despite her rural sensibility, Willis began to immerse herself in urban designs. She found that her interests ran parallel to those of San Francisco architects like William Wurster and Joseph Esherick.","Willis' first major architectural project was the conversion of three Victorian buildings into a retail complex on Union Street in San Francisco. Her design, which proved a financial success almost immediately, influenced the renovation of the rest of the street between present-day Gough and Pierce streets.","Meeting the experience and education requirements of the California State Architectural Licensing Board in 1966, Willis became a licensed architect and the only woman in San Francisco with her own firm, Beverly Willis and Associates. This firm assumed a partnership with would-be principal architect David Coldoff that year, a partnership that lasted until 1980. Despite the heavy demands of her practice, Willis also found time to serve on the U.S. Government delegation to the United Nations conference on Habitat, become a trustee and founder of the National Building Museum in 1976, and serve as the President of the California Chapter of the National Institute of Architects in 1979.","Willis' interest in the issues that affect planning, population density, and land-use economics with respect to large-scale development manifested itself in the creation of the computer program CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970's. The software was developed by Willis with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen. With CARLA's completion and implementation, Willis and Associates became one of the first architectural firms to incorporate computers into the routine practices of design and land development.","Projects such as the prototype for the regional computer centers of the IRS and master-planning for a new town situated in Aliamanu Valley, Hawaii (1975), are good examples of her unique philosophy of design.","Throughout the 1970s, Willis' firm concentrated on large- scale housing and new-community planning and design. By espousing architecture of rural pragmatism and rooting it in ancient images and myths, Willis offered something new to the intellectual landscape of architectural design.","In 1997, the National Building Museum published Willis' book,  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture,  in which she describes her buildings and design philosophy. In 1980, she was elected to the American Institute of Architects College of Fellows. In 1984, Willis received an honorary doctorate in Fine Arts from Mount Holyoke College.","By the early 1980s, Willis' design focus shifted to urban structures like the Yerba Buena Gardens redevelopment project (1980) and the San Francisco Ballet Association Building (1984). Smaller, but no less important, projects include Nob Hill Court (1971), Pacific Point Condominiums (1972), the Greenwich Apartment (1978), the Margaret Hayward Playground Building (1978), the (unbuilt) Shown Winery (1986), and the Mr. and Mrs. Richard Goeglin Pool House and Sculpture (1988).","Willis relocated her office and residence to New York City in 1991. Willis founded in 1994 the  Architectural Research Institute, Inc.  (through which the Manhattan Village Academy was designed). In 2002, she founded the  Beverly Willis Architecture Foundation , and she presently (2008) serves as the foundation's president. Her work and community leadership have been widely published (see bibliography). She is a founding trustee of the National Building Museum (1975-present). The Beverly Willis Library is located at the National Building Museum.","Much of the information in the biography was culled from the biography written for Beverly Willis by Nicolai Ouroussoff and included in  Invisible Images: The Silent Language of Architecture , published in 1997 by the National Building Museum, Washington, DC."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General note"],"odd_tesim":["Some of the information in the scope and content note was taken from an independent appraisal of the collection."],"otherfindaid_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eA file-level \u003cextref href=\"http://spec.lib.vt.edu/iawa/inventories/Willis/Willis.html\" title=\"inventory\"\u003einventory\u003c/extref\u003e of letter- and legal-size project records is available at the repository.\u003c/p\u003e"],"otherfindaid_heading_ssm":["Other Finding Aid"],"otherfindaid_tesim":["A file-level  inventory  of letter- and legal-size project records is available at the repository."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, Ms1992-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Beverly Willis Architectural Collection, Ms1992-019, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The bulk of the drawings in the Willis Papers were arranged and described before they were donated, and information about the arrangement of the collection was compiled in a searchable database that is available at the repository. Project records stored in record cartons have been inventoried and are included in the database and finding aid.","The first accession, which was arranged and described by Laura Katz Smith in 1995, was combined with subsequent accessions in 2003. A finding aid describing the complete collection was created by Catherine G. OBrion in 2003, using descriptions of materials in the archives database that was donated with the bulk of the collection in 2000.\nThe 2004 and 2009 additions were arranged and described by Sherrie Bowser in 2012. The project index arrangement was also included at this time.  "],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The guide to the Beverly Willis Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eProject files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlso included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Beverly Willis Architectural Collection span the years 1954 to 1999 and are comprised primarily of records documenting Willis' work as an architect in San Francisco between 1960 and 1990. The collection documents the application of computers to architectural design and land analysis, the development of CARLA (Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis) in the 1970s, the history of twentieth-century urban planning, particularly in San Francisco; and the contribution of women to twentieth-century American architecture. Willis, a noted artist, photographer, teacher, and writer, employed the full range of visual arts and design skills to influence and guide architectural projects of major significance.","The bulk of the collection is comprised of Willis and Associates project files from the period 1960 to 1990. Projects range from private residences and residential developments to institutions, such as the San Francisco Ballet Association Building; and urban development projects, most notably the Yerba Buena Gardens project in downtown San Francisco. Also included are records and design documents for Aliamanu Valley New Town, a military base in Hawaii that was the first major project designed with CARLA, computer software for architectural design created by Willis; and records documenting the development of CARLA.","Project files are comprised of presentation drawings, slope analysis drawings, site plans, maps, cut-and-fill analysis plans, sketches, conceptual design drawings, construction drawings, as well as correspondence, research files, contracts, environmental impact statements and studies, financial records, and feasibility studies. There are records for more than 150 projects. Drawings are large folio, pen-and- ink or watercolor on paper, linen, or mylar. Some are heightened with color.","Also included is a series documenting the development of CARLA, Computerized Approach to Residential Land Analysis, in the 1970s. Beverly Willis was interested in issues that affected planning, population density, and land-use economics in relation to large-scale development. Along with Eric Tiescholz and Jochen Eigen, she developed a program that enabled architects, with the use of computers, to develop site plans and design techniques in a fraction of the time required by the old methodology. Records documenting the development of CARLA include computer tapes, correspondence, flow charts, memos, and Jochen Eigen's notes on interfacing CARLA with a computer mapping program in 1974.","The collection also contains a series of Publications, Brochures, and Clippings, which includes biographical information on Willis, Miscellaneous Project Records, and a video of the Yerba Buena Gardents development."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_174a3dc5cc0f306ff98b4fcaecbf2059\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Boxes 1-51 are located in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections for more information."],"names_coll_ssim":["Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates","Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Willis and Associates"],"persname_ssim":["Willis, Beverly, 1928-"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":212,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:45:27.234Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1898"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2142.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings","title_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings"],"title_tesim":["Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-1968, n.d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1968, n.d."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2001.008"],"text":["Ms.2001.008","Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","J. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.","William Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.","In 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026 Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026 Upton Architects. ","The guide to the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings was completed in 2001.","See the  Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, RG 6/3/2e , and  Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives, Ms2014-016 , also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Items include 1934 drawings of 1934 Faculty Dormitory and Campus Soical Center, 1939 drawings of Agricultural Hall, 1952 and 1959 drawings of the Academic Science building, 1959 and 1961 drawings of the Engineering building, and 1961 and 1968 sketches of dorm buildings. The collection also contains original detail drawings and tracings of the Biology, Geology, and Education building.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2001.008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings"],"collection_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings were transferred from the Office of the University Architect to Special Collections in February 2001."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026amp; Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026amp; Upton Architects. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["J. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.","William Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.","In 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026 Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026 Upton Architects. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings, Ms2001-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings, Ms2001-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings was completed in 2001.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings was completed in 2001."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/3107.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eVirginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, RG 6/3/2e\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2950.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eCarneal and Johnston Glass Negatives, Ms2014-016\u003c/a\u003e, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the  Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, RG 6/3/2e , and  Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives, Ms2014-016 , also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Items include 1934 drawings of 1934 Faculty Dormitory and Campus Soical Center, 1939 drawings of Agricultural Hall, 1952 and 1959 drawings of the Academic Science building, 1959 and 1961 drawings of the Engineering building, and 1961 and 1968 sketches of dorm buildings. The collection also contains original detail drawings and tracings of the Biology, Geology, and Education building.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Items include 1934 drawings of 1934 Faculty Dormitory and Campus Soical Center, 1939 drawings of Agricultural Hall, 1952 and 1959 drawings of the Academic Science building, 1959 and 1961 drawings of the Engineering building, and 1961 and 1968 sketches of dorm buildings. The collection also contains original detail drawings and tracings of the Biology, Geology, and Education building."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c741e824be8caab327ac1c8574a45606\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:33:04.182Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2142.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings","title_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings"],"title_tesim":["Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings"],"unitdate_ssm":["1939-1968, n.d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1939-1968, n.d."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2001.008"],"text":["Ms.2001.008","Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","J. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.","William Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.","In 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026 Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026 Upton Architects. ","The guide to the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings was completed in 2001.","See the  Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, RG 6/3/2e , and  Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives, Ms2014-016 , also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.","The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Items include 1934 drawings of 1934 Faculty Dormitory and Campus Soical Center, 1939 drawings of Agricultural Hall, 1952 and 1959 drawings of the Academic Science building, 1959 and 1961 drawings of the Engineering building, and 1961 and 1968 sketches of dorm buildings. The collection also contains original detail drawings and tracings of the Biology, Geology, and Education building.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2001.008"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings"],"collection_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings were transferred from the Office of the University Architect to Special Collections in February 2001."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","University Archives","University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026amp; Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026amp; Upton Architects. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["J. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.","William Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.","In 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026 Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026 Upton Architects. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings, Ms2001-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings, Ms2001-008, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings was completed in 2001.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings was completed in 2001."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/3107.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eVirginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, RG 6/3/2e\u003c/a\u003e, and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2950.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eCarneal and Johnston Glass Negatives, Ms2014-016\u003c/a\u003e, also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See the  Virginia Tech Buildings Architectural Collection, RG 6/3/2e , and  Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives, Ms2014-016 , also at Virginia Tech Special Collections and University Archives."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Items include 1934 drawings of 1934 Faculty Dormitory and Campus Soical Center, 1939 drawings of Agricultural Hall, 1952 and 1959 drawings of the Academic Science building, 1959 and 1961 drawings of the Engineering building, and 1961 and 1968 sketches of dorm buildings. The collection also contains original detail drawings and tracings of the Biology, Geology, and Education building.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute. Items include 1934 drawings of 1934 Faculty Dormitory and Campus Soical Center, 1939 drawings of Agricultural Hall, 1952 and 1959 drawings of the Academic Science building, 1959 and 1961 drawings of the Engineering building, and 1961 and 1968 sketches of dorm buildings. The collection also contains original detail drawings and tracings of the Biology, Geology, and Education building."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_c741e824be8caab327ac1c8574a45606\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Carneal and Johnston Architectural Drawings contains detail drawings, sketches, and tracings of several campus buildings at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:33:04.182Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2142"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings, including some that were never built, c.1910s.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2950.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives","title_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,"],"title_tesim":["Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1910s"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c.1910s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2014.016"],"text":["Ms.2014.016","Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,","University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open for research.","The glass plates have been scanned and the images are available online.","The 23 glass plate negatives are arranged in two boxes in the order that the plates were originally numbered.","J. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.","William Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.","In 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026 Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026 Upton Architects. ","The collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings they designed, including the originial McBryde Hall and the original library/Gymnasium building, as well as proposed plans for an Alumni Hall (never built) and the Upper Quad Conversion (never built). Many of the plates are undated, but appear to come from the 1910s.","Permission to publish material from Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings, including some that were never built, c.1910s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2014.016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,"],"collection_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Carneal and Johnston Glass Plate Negatives were purchased by University Relations  and given to Special Collections in October 2014."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.6 Cubic Feet 2 boxes [23  (8 x 10) glass dry plate negatives]"],"extent_tesim":["0.6 Cubic Feet 2 boxes [23  (8 x 10) glass dry plate negatives]"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe glass plates have been scanned and the images are available online.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The glass plates have been scanned and the images are available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe 23 glass plate negatives are arranged in two boxes in the order that the plates were originally numbered.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The 23 glass plate negatives are arranged in two boxes in the order that the plates were originally numbered."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026amp; Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026amp; Upton Architects. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical note"],"bioghist_tesim":["J. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.","William Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.","In 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026 Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026 Upton Architects. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives, Ms2014-016, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives, Ms2014-016, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings they designed, including the originial McBryde Hall and the original library/Gymnasium building, as well as proposed plans for an Alumni Hall (never built) and the Upper Quad Conversion (never built). Many of the plates are undated, but appear to come from the 1910s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings they designed, including the originial McBryde Hall and the original library/Gymnasium building, as well as proposed plans for an Alumni Hall (never built) and the Upper Quad Conversion (never built). Many of the plates are undated, but appear to come from the 1910s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bf2a9a3c9eda41cd2c8375124766dc82\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings, including some that were never built, c.1910s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings, including some that were never built, c.1910s."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":23,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:38:26.552Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2950.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives","title_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,"],"title_tesim":["Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,"],"unitdate_ssm":["c.1910s"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["c.1910s"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2014.016"],"text":["Ms.2014.016","Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,","University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open for research.","The glass plates have been scanned and the images are available online.","The 23 glass plate negatives are arranged in two boxes in the order that the plates were originally numbered.","J. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.","William Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.","In 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026 Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026 Upton Architects. ","The collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings they designed, including the originial McBryde Hall and the original library/Gymnasium building, as well as proposed plans for an Alumni Hall (never built) and the Upper Quad Conversion (never built). Many of the plates are undated, but appear to come from the 1910s.","Permission to publish material from Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","The collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings, including some that were never built, c.1910s.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2014.016"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,"],"collection_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish material from Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Carneal and Johnston Glass Plate Negatives were purchased by University Relations  and given to Special Collections in October 2014."],"access_subjects_ssim":["University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["University History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.6 Cubic Feet 2 boxes [23  (8 x 10) glass dry plate negatives]"],"extent_tesim":["0.6 Cubic Feet 2 boxes [23  (8 x 10) glass dry plate negatives]"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe glass plates have been scanned and the images are available online.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternate Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["The glass plates have been scanned and the images are available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe 23 glass plate negatives are arranged in two boxes in the order that the plates were originally numbered.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The 23 glass plate negatives are arranged in two boxes in the order that the plates were originally numbered."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJ. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026amp; Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026amp; Upton Architects. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical/Historical note"],"bioghist_tesim":["J. Ambler Johnston was born in 1885 and was a 1904 graduate of Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. He also earned a master of science degree in 1905 from VPI. Johnston resided in Richmond, Virginia, where he served as a charter member of the Richmond Rotary Club and was a Civil War scholar. He died in 1974.","William Leigh Carneal, Jr., was born in Richmond on October 24, 1881, and graduated in 1903 from the Virginia Military Institute. He began his architectural practice around 1906 following a three year stint as a clerk in his father's company, Sitterding-Carneal-Davis Company. He died in 1958.","In 1908, Carneal and Johnston combined offices. The firm's first building was the original McBryde Hall on the VPI campus, completed in 1917. The firm helped to incorporate the Collegiate Gothic style to the campus landscape. For a brief period, the firm included a third partner and was known as Carneal, Johnston, \u0026 Wright. Both Carneal and Johnston retired in the 1950s. In 1999, the surviving firm of Carneal and Johnston merged with Ballou, Justice, \u0026 Upton Architects. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives, Ms2014-016, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives, Ms2014-016, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings they designed, including the originial McBryde Hall and the original library/Gymnasium building, as well as proposed plans for an Alumni Hall (never built) and the Upper Quad Conversion (never built). Many of the plates are undated, but appear to come from the 1910s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings they designed, including the originial McBryde Hall and the original library/Gymnasium building, as well as proposed plans for an Alumni Hall (never built) and the Upper Quad Conversion (never built). Many of the plates are undated, but appear to come from the 1910s."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Carneal and Johnston Glass Negatives collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_bf2a9a3c9eda41cd2c8375124766dc82\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings, including some that were never built, c.1910s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection consists of 23 glass dry plate negatives of architectural drawings made by the architectural firm Carneal and Johnston for various VPI campus buildings, including some that were never built, c.1910s."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Carneal and Johnston (Richmond, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":23,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:38:26.552Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2950"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Culnan's personal life and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and photographs. Her project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and other files documenting jobs and clients spanning the years from 1966 to 2016.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4387.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Culnan, Carol O'Neale Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966-2016, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966-2016, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2025.037"],"text":["Ms.2025.037","Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Virginia","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into the following series and sub-series:","I. Personal Papers","\n    a. Student Work\n    \nII. Professional Papers","III. Project Records","\na. Files\n    \n    b. Drawings\n    \nWithin these groupings files are organized chronologically. ","Carol Ann O'Neale of Alexandria, Virginia, was born on June 14, 1947, to parents William Leroy O'Neale and Ada Esther Vandenberg. Attending Mount Vernon High School and later graduating from Fort Hunt High School in 1965, O'Neale participated in many extracurriculars, including art club, French club, class council, and majorettes. In 1970, she obtained a bachelor's degree from the College of Architecture at Virginia Tech. Shortly after graduation, on September 3, 1970, O'Neale married fellow Virginia Tech School of Architecture graduate Kenneth S. Culnan, and changed her name to Carol O'Neale Culnan. ","In the early 1970s the couple moved into a row house on Swann Street NW near Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C., and performed a gut rehabilitation of the building. Carol Culnan's college roommate Kathleen Cruise got her a job working for Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill (SOM) on the Pennsylvania Avenue Commission, an urban renewal project based on Nathaniel Owings' proposed mixed-use development of the Avenue. Culnan worked for another firm (DNY\u0026A) under contract with the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) to consult on architectural services for the Metrorail system then under construction (its first line would open in March 1976); she resigned from the firm in early 1975, citing lack of growth and variety in her work in her letter to her supervisors. ","For the next nine years the Culnans continued to live in Washington, D.C.. Carol Culnan obtained her license in Washington, D.C., and Maryland, and she practiced architecture independently, working on a mixture of residential and commercial projects, both new build and rehabilitation. In 1984 the couple sold their row house and moved to a rural Virginia community in the Strasburg area, where they continued to practice architecture.","The Culnans were hobbyist antiquarians and collected antique tools, trains, and hurricane lamps. In 1996, Carol and Kenneth joined the Early American Industries Association, a society focused on the history of American tools, crafts, and trades. The couple remained active in the Association for the remainder of their lives. Additionally, Carol raised goats for a time, carded and dyed her own wool, and wove textiles; she also had a lifelong interest in photography. Carol O'Neale Culnan passed away on February 11th, 2025, nearly seven years after Kenneth, who died in April of 2018.  ","The guide to the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection was completed in November 2025.","\"Space Structure Building Systems Applied to a Housing Complex and an Airport Terminal Facility,\" K. S. Culnan and C. A. O'Neale Typescript Book (undergraduate thesis), Ms1992-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.","Authored by Virginia Tech College of Architecture students K. S. [Kenneth S.] Culnan and C. A. [Carol A.] O'Neale, the book was presented on August 31, 1970, under the advisory of professors D. Ding, H. Elarth, and M. Sevely. The book consists of 14 leaves of text and 27 leaves of images.","This collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Carol O'Neale Culnan and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and personal photographs. Project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and reproductions, client correspondence, notes, details, costing, and specifications. Her project documentation spans the period from 1975 to 2016, and some projects she collaborated on with her husband, Kenneth S. Culnan, under the practice named CONC. Also included is Kenneth Culnan's architectural license and he is featured as a subject in some of her photographic work.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Culnan's personal life and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and photographs. Her project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and other files documenting jobs and clients spanning the years from 1966 to 2016.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Culnan, Kenneth S.","Materials are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2025.037"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in May of 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Virginia","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Virginia","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5 Cubic Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into the following series and sub-series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI. Personal Papers\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n    a. Student Work\n    \nII. Professional Papers\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIII. Project Records\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\na. Files\n    \n    b. Drawings\n    \nWithin these groupings files are organized chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into the following series and sub-series:","I. Personal Papers","\n    a. Student Work\n    \nII. Professional Papers","III. Project Records","\na. Files\n    \n    b. Drawings\n    \nWithin these groupings files are organized chronologically. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Ann O'Neale of Alexandria, Virginia, was born on June 14, 1947, to parents William Leroy O'Neale and Ada Esther Vandenberg. Attending Mount Vernon High School and later graduating from Fort Hunt High School in 1965, O'Neale participated in many extracurriculars, including art club, French club, class council, and majorettes. In 1970, she obtained a bachelor's degree from the College of Architecture at Virginia Tech. Shortly after graduation, on September 3, 1970, O'Neale married fellow Virginia Tech School of Architecture graduate Kenneth S. Culnan, and changed her name to Carol O'Neale Culnan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1970s the couple moved into a row house on Swann Street NW near Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C., and performed a gut rehabilitation of the building. Carol Culnan's college roommate Kathleen Cruise got her a job working for Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill (SOM) on the Pennsylvania Avenue Commission, an urban renewal project based on Nathaniel Owings' proposed mixed-use development of the Avenue. Culnan worked for another firm (DNY\u0026amp;A) under contract with the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) to consult on architectural services for the Metrorail system then under construction (its first line would open in March 1976); she resigned from the firm in early 1975, citing lack of growth and variety in her work in her letter to her supervisors. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor the next nine years the Culnans continued to live in Washington, D.C.. Carol Culnan obtained her license in Washington, D.C., and Maryland, and she practiced architecture independently, working on a mixture of residential and commercial projects, both new build and rehabilitation. In 1984 the couple sold their row house and moved to a rural Virginia community in the Strasburg area, where they continued to practice architecture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Culnans were hobbyist antiquarians and collected antique tools, trains, and hurricane lamps. In 1996, Carol and Kenneth joined the Early American Industries Association, a society focused on the history of American tools, crafts, and trades. The couple remained active in the Association for the remainder of their lives. Additionally, Carol raised goats for a time, carded and dyed her own wool, and wove textiles; she also had a lifelong interest in photography. Carol O'Neale Culnan passed away on February 11th, 2025, nearly seven years after Kenneth, who died in April of 2018.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carol Ann O'Neale of Alexandria, Virginia, was born on June 14, 1947, to parents William Leroy O'Neale and Ada Esther Vandenberg. Attending Mount Vernon High School and later graduating from Fort Hunt High School in 1965, O'Neale participated in many extracurriculars, including art club, French club, class council, and majorettes. In 1970, she obtained a bachelor's degree from the College of Architecture at Virginia Tech. Shortly after graduation, on September 3, 1970, O'Neale married fellow Virginia Tech School of Architecture graduate Kenneth S. Culnan, and changed her name to Carol O'Neale Culnan. ","In the early 1970s the couple moved into a row house on Swann Street NW near Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C., and performed a gut rehabilitation of the building. Carol Culnan's college roommate Kathleen Cruise got her a job working for Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill (SOM) on the Pennsylvania Avenue Commission, an urban renewal project based on Nathaniel Owings' proposed mixed-use development of the Avenue. Culnan worked for another firm (DNY\u0026A) under contract with the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) to consult on architectural services for the Metrorail system then under construction (its first line would open in March 1976); she resigned from the firm in early 1975, citing lack of growth and variety in her work in her letter to her supervisors. ","For the next nine years the Culnans continued to live in Washington, D.C.. Carol Culnan obtained her license in Washington, D.C., and Maryland, and she practiced architecture independently, working on a mixture of residential and commercial projects, both new build and rehabilitation. In 1984 the couple sold their row house and moved to a rural Virginia community in the Strasburg area, where they continued to practice architecture.","The Culnans were hobbyist antiquarians and collected antique tools, trains, and hurricane lamps. In 1996, Carol and Kenneth joined the Early American Industries Association, a society focused on the history of American tools, crafts, and trades. The couple remained active in the Association for the remainder of their lives. Additionally, Carol raised goats for a time, carded and dyed her own wool, and wove textiles; she also had a lifelong interest in photography. Carol O'Neale Culnan passed away on February 11th, 2025, nearly seven years after Kenneth, who died in April of 2018.  "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection, 1966-2016, Ms2025-037, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection, 1966-2016, Ms2025-037, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection was completed in November 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection was completed in November 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Space Structure Building Systems Applied to a Housing Complex and an Airport Terminal Facility,\" K. S. Culnan and C. A. O'Neale Typescript Book (undergraduate thesis), Ms1992-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAuthored by Virginia Tech College of Architecture students K. S. [Kenneth S.] Culnan and C. A. [Carol A.] O'Neale, the book was presented on August 31, 1970, under the advisory of professors D. Ding, H. Elarth, and M. Sevely. The book consists of 14 leaves of text and 27 leaves of images.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["\"Space Structure Building Systems Applied to a Housing Complex and an Airport Terminal Facility,\" K. S. Culnan and C. A. O'Neale Typescript Book (undergraduate thesis), Ms1992-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.","Authored by Virginia Tech College of Architecture students K. S. [Kenneth S.] Culnan and C. A. [Carol A.] O'Neale, the book was presented on August 31, 1970, under the advisory of professors D. Ding, H. Elarth, and M. Sevely. The book consists of 14 leaves of text and 27 leaves of images."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Carol O'Neale Culnan and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and personal photographs. Project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and reproductions, client correspondence, notes, details, costing, and specifications. Her project documentation spans the period from 1975 to 2016, and some projects she collaborated on with her husband, Kenneth S. Culnan, under the practice named CONC. Also included is Kenneth Culnan's architectural license and he is featured as a subject in some of her photographic work.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Carol O'Neale Culnan and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and personal photographs. Project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and reproductions, client correspondence, notes, details, costing, and specifications. Her project documentation spans the period from 1975 to 2016, and some projects she collaborated on with her husband, Kenneth S. Culnan, under the practice named CONC. Also included is Kenneth Culnan's architectural license and he is featured as a subject in some of her photographic work."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6e0cb566fbd1c4c7ff5e8ba59412b462\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Culnan's personal life and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and photographs. Her project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and other files documenting jobs and clients spanning the years from 1966 to 2016.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Culnan's personal life and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and photographs. Her project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and other files documenting jobs and clients spanning the years from 1966 to 2016."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Culnan, Kenneth S."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Culnan, Kenneth S."],"persname_ssim":["Culnan, Kenneth S."],"language_ssim":["Materials are in English."],"total_component_count_is":129,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:46:15.154Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4387.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Culnan, Carol O'Neale Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966-2016, undated"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966-2016, undated"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2025.037"],"text":["Ms.2025.037","Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Virginia","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged into the following series and sub-series:","I. Personal Papers","\n    a. Student Work\n    \nII. Professional Papers","III. Project Records","\na. Files\n    \n    b. Drawings\n    \nWithin these groupings files are organized chronologically. ","Carol Ann O'Neale of Alexandria, Virginia, was born on June 14, 1947, to parents William Leroy O'Neale and Ada Esther Vandenberg. Attending Mount Vernon High School and later graduating from Fort Hunt High School in 1965, O'Neale participated in many extracurriculars, including art club, French club, class council, and majorettes. In 1970, she obtained a bachelor's degree from the College of Architecture at Virginia Tech. Shortly after graduation, on September 3, 1970, O'Neale married fellow Virginia Tech School of Architecture graduate Kenneth S. Culnan, and changed her name to Carol O'Neale Culnan. ","In the early 1970s the couple moved into a row house on Swann Street NW near Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C., and performed a gut rehabilitation of the building. Carol Culnan's college roommate Kathleen Cruise got her a job working for Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill (SOM) on the Pennsylvania Avenue Commission, an urban renewal project based on Nathaniel Owings' proposed mixed-use development of the Avenue. Culnan worked for another firm (DNY\u0026A) under contract with the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) to consult on architectural services for the Metrorail system then under construction (its first line would open in March 1976); she resigned from the firm in early 1975, citing lack of growth and variety in her work in her letter to her supervisors. ","For the next nine years the Culnans continued to live in Washington, D.C.. Carol Culnan obtained her license in Washington, D.C., and Maryland, and she practiced architecture independently, working on a mixture of residential and commercial projects, both new build and rehabilitation. In 1984 the couple sold their row house and moved to a rural Virginia community in the Strasburg area, where they continued to practice architecture.","The Culnans were hobbyist antiquarians and collected antique tools, trains, and hurricane lamps. In 1996, Carol and Kenneth joined the Early American Industries Association, a society focused on the history of American tools, crafts, and trades. The couple remained active in the Association for the remainder of their lives. Additionally, Carol raised goats for a time, carded and dyed her own wool, and wove textiles; she also had a lifelong interest in photography. Carol O'Neale Culnan passed away on February 11th, 2025, nearly seven years after Kenneth, who died in April of 2018.  ","The guide to the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection was completed in November 2025.","\"Space Structure Building Systems Applied to a Housing Complex and an Airport Terminal Facility,\" K. S. Culnan and C. A. O'Neale Typescript Book (undergraduate thesis), Ms1992-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.","Authored by Virginia Tech College of Architecture students K. S. [Kenneth S.] Culnan and C. A. [Carol A.] O'Neale, the book was presented on August 31, 1970, under the advisory of professors D. Ding, H. Elarth, and M. Sevely. The book consists of 14 leaves of text and 27 leaves of images.","This collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Carol O'Neale Culnan and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and personal photographs. Project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and reproductions, client correspondence, notes, details, costing, and specifications. Her project documentation spans the period from 1975 to 2016, and some projects she collaborated on with her husband, Kenneth S. Culnan, under the practice named CONC. Also included is Kenneth Culnan's architectural license and he is featured as a subject in some of her photographic work.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Culnan's personal life and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and photographs. Her project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and other files documenting jobs and clients spanning the years from 1966 to 2016.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Culnan, Kenneth S.","Materials are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2025.037"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Materials were donated to Special Collections and University Archives in May of 2025."],"access_subjects_ssim":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Virginia","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- Virginia","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["5 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["5 Cubic Feet"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into the following series and sub-series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI. Personal Papers\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n    a. Student Work\n    \nII. Professional Papers\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIII. Project Records\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\na. Files\n    \n    b. Drawings\n    \nWithin these groupings files are organized chronologically. \u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into the following series and sub-series:","I. Personal Papers","\n    a. Student Work\n    \nII. Professional Papers","III. Project Records","\na. Files\n    \n    b. Drawings\n    \nWithin these groupings files are organized chronologically. "],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCarol Ann O'Neale of Alexandria, Virginia, was born on June 14, 1947, to parents William Leroy O'Neale and Ada Esther Vandenberg. Attending Mount Vernon High School and later graduating from Fort Hunt High School in 1965, O'Neale participated in many extracurriculars, including art club, French club, class council, and majorettes. In 1970, she obtained a bachelor's degree from the College of Architecture at Virginia Tech. Shortly after graduation, on September 3, 1970, O'Neale married fellow Virginia Tech School of Architecture graduate Kenneth S. Culnan, and changed her name to Carol O'Neale Culnan. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the early 1970s the couple moved into a row house on Swann Street NW near Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C., and performed a gut rehabilitation of the building. Carol Culnan's college roommate Kathleen Cruise got her a job working for Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill (SOM) on the Pennsylvania Avenue Commission, an urban renewal project based on Nathaniel Owings' proposed mixed-use development of the Avenue. Culnan worked for another firm (DNY\u0026amp;A) under contract with the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) to consult on architectural services for the Metrorail system then under construction (its first line would open in March 1976); she resigned from the firm in early 1975, citing lack of growth and variety in her work in her letter to her supervisors. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor the next nine years the Culnans continued to live in Washington, D.C.. Carol Culnan obtained her license in Washington, D.C., and Maryland, and she practiced architecture independently, working on a mixture of residential and commercial projects, both new build and rehabilitation. In 1984 the couple sold their row house and moved to a rural Virginia community in the Strasburg area, where they continued to practice architecture.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Culnans were hobbyist antiquarians and collected antique tools, trains, and hurricane lamps. In 1996, Carol and Kenneth joined the Early American Industries Association, a society focused on the history of American tools, crafts, and trades. The couple remained active in the Association for the remainder of their lives. Additionally, Carol raised goats for a time, carded and dyed her own wool, and wove textiles; she also had a lifelong interest in photography. Carol O'Neale Culnan passed away on February 11th, 2025, nearly seven years after Kenneth, who died in April of 2018.  \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Carol Ann O'Neale of Alexandria, Virginia, was born on June 14, 1947, to parents William Leroy O'Neale and Ada Esther Vandenberg. Attending Mount Vernon High School and later graduating from Fort Hunt High School in 1965, O'Neale participated in many extracurriculars, including art club, French club, class council, and majorettes. In 1970, she obtained a bachelor's degree from the College of Architecture at Virginia Tech. Shortly after graduation, on September 3, 1970, O'Neale married fellow Virginia Tech School of Architecture graduate Kenneth S. Culnan, and changed her name to Carol O'Neale Culnan. ","In the early 1970s the couple moved into a row house on Swann Street NW near Dupont Circle in Washington, D.C., and performed a gut rehabilitation of the building. Carol Culnan's college roommate Kathleen Cruise got her a job working for Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill (SOM) on the Pennsylvania Avenue Commission, an urban renewal project based on Nathaniel Owings' proposed mixed-use development of the Avenue. Culnan worked for another firm (DNY\u0026A) under contract with the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA) to consult on architectural services for the Metrorail system then under construction (its first line would open in March 1976); she resigned from the firm in early 1975, citing lack of growth and variety in her work in her letter to her supervisors. ","For the next nine years the Culnans continued to live in Washington, D.C.. Carol Culnan obtained her license in Washington, D.C., and Maryland, and she practiced architecture independently, working on a mixture of residential and commercial projects, both new build and rehabilitation. In 1984 the couple sold their row house and moved to a rural Virginia community in the Strasburg area, where they continued to practice architecture.","The Culnans were hobbyist antiquarians and collected antique tools, trains, and hurricane lamps. In 1996, Carol and Kenneth joined the Early American Industries Association, a society focused on the history of American tools, crafts, and trades. The couple remained active in the Association for the remainder of their lives. Additionally, Carol raised goats for a time, carded and dyed her own wool, and wove textiles; she also had a lifelong interest in photography. Carol O'Neale Culnan passed away on February 11th, 2025, nearly seven years after Kenneth, who died in April of 2018.  "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection, 1966-2016, Ms2025-037, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection, 1966-2016, Ms2025-037, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection was completed in November 2025.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection was completed in November 2025."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\"Space Structure Building Systems Applied to a Housing Complex and an Airport Terminal Facility,\" K. S. Culnan and C. A. O'Neale Typescript Book (undergraduate thesis), Ms1992-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAuthored by Virginia Tech College of Architecture students K. S. [Kenneth S.] Culnan and C. A. [Carol A.] O'Neale, the book was presented on August 31, 1970, under the advisory of professors D. Ding, H. Elarth, and M. Sevely. The book consists of 14 leaves of text and 27 leaves of images.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["\"Space Structure Building Systems Applied to a Housing Complex and an Airport Terminal Facility,\" K. S. Culnan and C. A. O'Neale Typescript Book (undergraduate thesis), Ms1992-001, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.","Authored by Virginia Tech College of Architecture students K. S. [Kenneth S.] Culnan and C. A. [Carol A.] O'Neale, the book was presented on August 31, 1970, under the advisory of professors D. Ding, H. Elarth, and M. Sevely. The book consists of 14 leaves of text and 27 leaves of images."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Carol O'Neale Culnan and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and personal photographs. Project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and reproductions, client correspondence, notes, details, costing, and specifications. Her project documentation spans the period from 1975 to 2016, and some projects she collaborated on with her husband, Kenneth S. Culnan, under the practice named CONC. Also included is Kenneth Culnan's architectural license and he is featured as a subject in some of her photographic work.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Carol O'Neale Culnan and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and personal photographs. Project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and reproductions, client correspondence, notes, details, costing, and specifications. Her project documentation spans the period from 1975 to 2016, and some projects she collaborated on with her husband, Kenneth S. Culnan, under the practice named CONC. Also included is Kenneth Culnan's architectural license and he is featured as a subject in some of her photographic work."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6e0cb566fbd1c4c7ff5e8ba59412b462\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Culnan's personal life and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and photographs. Her project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and other files documenting jobs and clients spanning the years from 1966 to 2016.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Carol O'Neale Culnan Architectural Collection contains a mixture of personal and business records related to Culnan's personal life and her architectural practice. Her papers include student work, fiber art and woven textiles, and photographs. Her project records span a variety of projects in the Baltimore/Washington metro area and southwest Virginia, primarily residential projects, and include original drawings and other files documenting jobs and clients spanning the years from 1966 to 2016."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Culnan, Kenneth S."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Culnan, Kenneth S."],"persname_ssim":["Culnan, Kenneth S."],"language_ssim":["Materials are in English."],"total_component_count_is":129,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:46:15.154Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4387"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"King, Dorothée","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Born in Berlin, Germany. Dorothee Stelzer King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. The collection consists of material (drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material) created and accumulated by King as a student and during her professional career. Some examples include: her award-winning student project of creating a flexible and transportable exhibition hall and her project work for the Government of the Bahamas. Materials in this collection range in date from 1950-2008.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2863.xml","title_filing_ssi":"King, Dorothee Stelzer, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.023"],"text":["Ms.2013.023","Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architects","Architecture (discipline)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open for research.","Born in Berlin, Germany. King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. She graduated from the Hochschule fur Bildende Kunste (HBK) with the title 'Diplom Architect HBK Berlin' in 1962. Upon graduating from HBK she worked for two years (1962-1964) in the architectural office of Dipl. Ing.  Hilde Westrom , one of the few independently working women architects in Berlin. King would go on to receive the Airlift Memorial Scholarship and Fulbright Travel Grant allowing her to study under Louis I. Kahn in his Master Studio at the University of Pennsylvania (1965-1967). Her experiences with Kahn would greatly influence her own style of teaching at the Pratt Institute School of Architecture (1969-1981) and other organizations. ","King and her husband, fellow architect Douglas King, were offered the opportunity to work as architects with the Government of the Bahamas in Nassau (1981-1985). There she primarily worked on projects for the Ministries of Health and Housing including: public rental units with a senior citizen complex, design for a high school library in Cooperstown, and as project architect and head construction supervisor for the Bahamas Nursing School.  1985-1991 saw King commuting between New York, Nassau, and Florida as she finished supervising the Bahamas Nursing School and partnered with her husband on a design-build company called Kingston Homes in West Palm Beach, Florida.  Shortly after returning to New York full-time (1991) King began teaching at several New York institutions and public schools within the city (1993-2008). \n ","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection was completed in May 2013. Additional donations processed in September 2021.","The collection consists of material created and accumulated by King during the course of her days as a student and her professional career. This material primarily comprises drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material related to various design projects undertaken by King during the time period 1957 to 1988. Also included within the collection is a detailed biographical narrative written by King describing the trajectory of her career and a family history and genealogy titled  From the Basilius, Gersdorff and Horn Families to the King, Kruppa and Stelzer Families , also written by King.","Permission to publish material from Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","Born in Berlin, Germany. Dorothee Stelzer King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. The collection consists of material (drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material) created and accumulated by King as a student and during her professional career. Some examples include: her award-winning student project of creating a flexible and transportable exhibition hall and her project work for the Government of the Bahamas. 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King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. She graduated from the Hochschule fur Bildende Kunste (HBK) with the title 'Diplom Architect HBK Berlin' in 1962. Upon graduating from HBK she worked for two years (1962-1964) in the architectural office of Dipl. Ing. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00140.xml\" title=\"Hilde Westrom\"\u003eHilde Westrom\u003c/extref\u003e, one of the few independently working women architects in Berlin. King would go on to receive the Airlift Memorial Scholarship and Fulbright Travel Grant allowing her to study under Louis I. Kahn in his Master Studio at the University of Pennsylvania (1965-1967). Her experiences with Kahn would greatly influence her own style of teaching at the Pratt Institute School of Architecture (1969-1981) and other organizations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKing and her husband, fellow architect Douglas King, were offered the opportunity to work as architects with the Government of the Bahamas in Nassau (1981-1985). There she primarily worked on projects for the Ministries of Health and Housing including: public rental units with a senior citizen complex, design for a high school library in Cooperstown, and as project architect and head construction supervisor for the Bahamas Nursing School.  1985-1991 saw King commuting between New York, Nassau, and Florida as she finished supervising the Bahamas Nursing School and partnered with her husband on a design-build company called Kingston Homes in West Palm Beach, Florida.  Shortly after returning to New York full-time (1991) King began teaching at several New York institutions and public schools within the city (1993-2008). \n \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note "],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Berlin, Germany. King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. She graduated from the Hochschule fur Bildende Kunste (HBK) with the title 'Diplom Architect HBK Berlin' in 1962. Upon graduating from HBK she worked for two years (1962-1964) in the architectural office of Dipl. Ing.  Hilde Westrom , one of the few independently working women architects in Berlin. King would go on to receive the Airlift Memorial Scholarship and Fulbright Travel Grant allowing her to study under Louis I. Kahn in his Master Studio at the University of Pennsylvania (1965-1967). Her experiences with Kahn would greatly influence her own style of teaching at the Pratt Institute School of Architecture (1969-1981) and other organizations. ","King and her husband, fellow architect Douglas King, were offered the opportunity to work as architects with the Government of the Bahamas in Nassau (1981-1985). There she primarily worked on projects for the Ministries of Health and Housing including: public rental units with a senior citizen complex, design for a high school library in Cooperstown, and as project architect and head construction supervisor for the Bahamas Nursing School.  1985-1991 saw King commuting between New York, Nassau, and Florida as she finished supervising the Bahamas Nursing School and partnered with her husband on a design-build company called Kingston Homes in West Palm Beach, Florida.  Shortly after returning to New York full-time (1991) King began teaching at several New York institutions and public schools within the city (1993-2008). \n "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection Ms2013-023, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection Ms2013-023, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection was completed in May 2013. Additional donations processed in September 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection was completed in May 2013. Additional donations processed in September 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of material created and accumulated by King during the course of her days as a student and her professional career. This material primarily comprises drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material related to various design projects undertaken by King during the time period 1957 to 1988. Also included within the collection is a detailed biographical narrative written by King describing the trajectory of her career and a family history and genealogy titled \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eFrom the Basilius, Gersdorff and Horn Families to the King, Kruppa and Stelzer Families\u003c/title\u003e, also written by King.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of material created and accumulated by King during the course of her days as a student and her professional career. This material primarily comprises drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material related to various design projects undertaken by King during the time period 1957 to 1988. Also included within the collection is a detailed biographical narrative written by King describing the trajectory of her career and a family history and genealogy titled  From the Basilius, Gersdorff and Horn Families to the King, Kruppa and Stelzer Families , also written by King."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_948bcc29da18f2208d2d64a12e44e0be\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBorn in Berlin, Germany. Dorothee Stelzer King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. The collection consists of material (drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material) created and accumulated by King as a student and during her professional career. Some examples include: her award-winning student project of creating a flexible and transportable exhibition hall and her project work for the Government of the Bahamas. Materials in this collection range in date from 1950-2008.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Born in Berlin, Germany. Dorothee Stelzer King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. The collection consists of material (drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material) created and accumulated by King as a student and during her professional career. Some examples include: her award-winning student project of creating a flexible and transportable exhibition hall and her project work for the Government of the Bahamas. Materials in this collection range in date from 1950-2008."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","King, Dorothée"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["King, Dorothée"],"language_ssim":["Material is in English and German."],"total_component_count_is":168,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:28:53.734Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2863.xml","title_filing_ssi":"King, Dorothee Stelzer, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-2018"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-2018"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2013.023"],"text":["Ms.2013.023","Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection","Women -- History","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Architects","Architecture (discipline)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Collection is open for research.","Born in Berlin, Germany. King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. She graduated from the Hochschule fur Bildende Kunste (HBK) with the title 'Diplom Architect HBK Berlin' in 1962. Upon graduating from HBK she worked for two years (1962-1964) in the architectural office of Dipl. Ing.  Hilde Westrom , one of the few independently working women architects in Berlin. King would go on to receive the Airlift Memorial Scholarship and Fulbright Travel Grant allowing her to study under Louis I. Kahn in his Master Studio at the University of Pennsylvania (1965-1967). Her experiences with Kahn would greatly influence her own style of teaching at the Pratt Institute School of Architecture (1969-1981) and other organizations. ","King and her husband, fellow architect Douglas King, were offered the opportunity to work as architects with the Government of the Bahamas in Nassau (1981-1985). There she primarily worked on projects for the Ministries of Health and Housing including: public rental units with a senior citizen complex, design for a high school library in Cooperstown, and as project architect and head construction supervisor for the Bahamas Nursing School.  1985-1991 saw King commuting between New York, Nassau, and Florida as she finished supervising the Bahamas Nursing School and partnered with her husband on a design-build company called Kingston Homes in West Palm Beach, Florida.  Shortly after returning to New York full-time (1991) King began teaching at several New York institutions and public schools within the city (1993-2008). \n ","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection was completed in May 2013. Additional donations processed in September 2021.","The collection consists of material created and accumulated by King during the course of her days as a student and her professional career. This material primarily comprises drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material related to various design projects undertaken by King during the time period 1957 to 1988. Also included within the collection is a detailed biographical narrative written by King describing the trajectory of her career and a family history and genealogy titled  From the Basilius, Gersdorff and Horn Families to the King, Kruppa and Stelzer Families , also written by King.","Permission to publish material from Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.","Born in Berlin, Germany. Dorothee Stelzer King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. The collection consists of material (drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material) created and accumulated by King as a student and during her professional career. 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King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. She graduated from the Hochschule fur Bildende Kunste (HBK) with the title 'Diplom Architect HBK Berlin' in 1962. Upon graduating from HBK she worked for two years (1962-1964) in the architectural office of Dipl. Ing. \u003cextref actuate=\"onRequest\" href=\"http://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=vt/viblbv00140.xml\" title=\"Hilde Westrom\"\u003eHilde Westrom\u003c/extref\u003e, one of the few independently working women architects in Berlin. King would go on to receive the Airlift Memorial Scholarship and Fulbright Travel Grant allowing her to study under Louis I. Kahn in his Master Studio at the University of Pennsylvania (1965-1967). Her experiences with Kahn would greatly influence her own style of teaching at the Pratt Institute School of Architecture (1969-1981) and other organizations. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eKing and her husband, fellow architect Douglas King, were offered the opportunity to work as architects with the Government of the Bahamas in Nassau (1981-1985). There she primarily worked on projects for the Ministries of Health and Housing including: public rental units with a senior citizen complex, design for a high school library in Cooperstown, and as project architect and head construction supervisor for the Bahamas Nursing School.  1985-1991 saw King commuting between New York, Nassau, and Florida as she finished supervising the Bahamas Nursing School and partnered with her husband on a design-build company called Kingston Homes in West Palm Beach, Florida.  Shortly after returning to New York full-time (1991) King began teaching at several New York institutions and public schools within the city (1993-2008). \n \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note "],"bioghist_tesim":["Born in Berlin, Germany. King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. She graduated from the Hochschule fur Bildende Kunste (HBK) with the title 'Diplom Architect HBK Berlin' in 1962. Upon graduating from HBK she worked for two years (1962-1964) in the architectural office of Dipl. Ing.  Hilde Westrom , one of the few independently working women architects in Berlin. King would go on to receive the Airlift Memorial Scholarship and Fulbright Travel Grant allowing her to study under Louis I. Kahn in his Master Studio at the University of Pennsylvania (1965-1967). Her experiences with Kahn would greatly influence her own style of teaching at the Pratt Institute School of Architecture (1969-1981) and other organizations. ","King and her husband, fellow architect Douglas King, were offered the opportunity to work as architects with the Government of the Bahamas in Nassau (1981-1985). There she primarily worked on projects for the Ministries of Health and Housing including: public rental units with a senior citizen complex, design for a high school library in Cooperstown, and as project architect and head construction supervisor for the Bahamas Nursing School.  1985-1991 saw King commuting between New York, Nassau, and Florida as she finished supervising the Bahamas Nursing School and partnered with her husband on a design-build company called Kingston Homes in West Palm Beach, Florida.  Shortly after returning to New York full-time (1991) King began teaching at several New York institutions and public schools within the city (1993-2008). \n "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection Ms2013-023, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection Ms2013-023, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection was completed in May 2013. Additional donations processed in September 2021.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection was completed in May 2013. Additional donations processed in September 2021."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection consists of material created and accumulated by King during the course of her days as a student and her professional career. This material primarily comprises drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material related to various design projects undertaken by King during the time period 1957 to 1988. Also included within the collection is a detailed biographical narrative written by King describing the trajectory of her career and a family history and genealogy titled \u003ctitle render=\"doublequote\"\u003eFrom the Basilius, Gersdorff and Horn Families to the King, Kruppa and Stelzer Families\u003c/title\u003e, also written by King.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection consists of material created and accumulated by King during the course of her days as a student and her professional career. This material primarily comprises drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material related to various design projects undertaken by King during the time period 1957 to 1988. Also included within the collection is a detailed biographical narrative written by King describing the trajectory of her career and a family history and genealogy titled  From the Basilius, Gersdorff and Horn Families to the King, Kruppa and Stelzer Families , also written by King."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish material from Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish material from Dorothee Stelzer King Architectural Collection must be obtained from Special Collections, Virginia Tech."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_948bcc29da18f2208d2d64a12e44e0be\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eBorn in Berlin, Germany. Dorothee Stelzer King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. The collection consists of material (drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material) created and accumulated by King as a student and during her professional career. Some examples include: her award-winning student project of creating a flexible and transportable exhibition hall and her project work for the Government of the Bahamas. Materials in this collection range in date from 1950-2008.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Born in Berlin, Germany. Dorothee Stelzer King is an architect and professor who has practiced in Germany, the United States, and the Bahamas. The collection consists of material (drawings, presentation boards, photographs, and printed material) created and accumulated by King as a student and during her professional career. Some examples include: her award-winning student project of creating a flexible and transportable exhibition hall and her project work for the Government of the Bahamas. Materials in this collection range in date from 1950-2008."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","King, Dorothée"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["King, Dorothée"],"language_ssim":["Material is in English and German."],"total_component_count_is":168,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:28:53.734Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2863"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Eleanore K. Pettersen (1916-2003) received a Certificate in Architecture from Cooper Union for Advancement of Science and Art in 1941, and was an apprentice to Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin from 1941-1943. She was one of the first women licensed as an architect in the state of New Jersey in 1950, and was the first woman in New Jersey to open her own architectural office. She primarily designed residences and was also very active in professional and civic organizations. She became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) in 1991. The collection consists of project files, sketches, blueprints, drawings, models, photographs, and other material relating to over 600 of Pettersen's projects as well as material relating to her participation in various professional and civic organizations. The materials in the collection range in date from 1915-2003 with the bulk of the material dating 1950-2000.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2251.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pettersen, Eleanore Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,"],"title_tesim":["Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1915-2003","1950-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2003.018"],"text":["Ms.2003.018","Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,","Architects","Buildings -- Specifications","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- New Jersey","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Architects -- New Jersey","Photographs","Models (representations)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Some of the materials in the collection were matted for inclusion in \"Glass Ceilings: Highlights from the IAWA Center\" an exhibit held at the Virginia Center for Architecture, Richmond, VA, 2010.","Collection is open to research.","The Eleanore Pettersen Architecture Collection is divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Art, Artifacts, Models. The series are arranged alphabetically by subject except for the Project Records. They are arranged in a project index alphabetically by client's name.","Ageless Perceptions IV: Senior Women in Architecture","1991 will be my fortieth year as an architectural principal with my own office. Architecture has been a total commitment. If I were to make a choice all over again, the choice would be the same. Architecture has imbued me with a sense of self worth and has given me the privilege of contributing a new sense of life and meaning to my clients and their families.\n\n","Ageless Perceptions IV – Senior Women in Architecture","Eleanore Pettersen, FAIA/Four Decades","Taliesin Legacy: The Independent Work of Frank Lloyd Wright Apprentices","The guide to the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection commenced in February, 2009 and was completed in February, 2010. Preliminary processing was untaken by Amy Vilelle in 2007.","The  ImageBase  at Virginia Tech's Special Collections contains digital images of Pettersen's work.","Pettersen's collection encompasses over fifty years of architectural practice including project files, sketches, drawings, blueprints, models, slides and photographs representing approximately 600 designs. The collection also contains Pettersen's personal papers including biographical information, family papers, and photographs. The materials range in date from 1915-2003 (bulk 1950-2000) and are divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Artifacts and Models. See the contents list below for more detail about the individual series.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Eleanore K. Pettersen (1916-2003) received a Certificate in Architecture from Cooper Union for Advancement of Science and Art in 1941, and was an apprentice to Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin from 1941-1943. She was one of the first women licensed as an architect in the state of New Jersey in 1950, and was the first woman in New Jersey to open her own architectural office. She primarily designed residences and was also very active in professional and civic organizations. She became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) in 1991. The collection consists of project files, sketches, blueprints, drawings, models, photographs, and other material relating to over 600 of Pettersen's projects as well as material relating to her participation in various professional and civic organizations. The materials in the collection range in date from 1915-2003 with the bulk of the material dating 1950-2000.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Design Collaborative (1970-?)","Eleanore Pettersen Associates","Pettersen, Eleanore, 1916-2003","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2003.018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,"],"collection_ssim":["Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in September 2003. Additions were received in April 2010 and August 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Buildings -- Specifications","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- New Jersey","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Architects -- New Jersey","Photographs","Models (representations)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Buildings -- Specifications","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- New Jersey","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Architects -- New Jersey","Photographs","Models (representations)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Some of the materials in the collection were matted for inclusion in \"Glass Ceilings: Highlights from the IAWA Center\" an exhibit held at the Virginia Center for Architecture, Richmond, VA, 2010."],"extent_ssm":["296 Cubic Feet 219 boxes; 7 map cases"],"extent_tesim":["296 Cubic Feet 219 boxes; 7 map cases"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Models (representations)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Eleanore Pettersen Architecture Collection is divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Art, Artifacts, Models. The series are arranged alphabetically by subject except for the Project Records. They are arranged in a project index alphabetically by client's name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Eleanore Pettersen Architecture Collection is divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Art, Artifacts, Models. The series are arranged alphabetically by subject except for the Project Records. They are arranged in a project index alphabetically by client's name."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAgeless Perceptions IV: Senior Women in Architecture\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cblockquote\u003e1991 will be my fortieth year as an architectural principal with my own office. Architecture has been a total commitment. If I were to make a choice all over again, the choice would be the same. Architecture has imbued me with a sense of self worth and has given me the privilege of contributing a new sense of life and meaning to my clients and their families.\n\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAgeless Perceptions IV – Senior Women in Architecture\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEleanore Pettersen, FAIA/Four Decades\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTaliesin Legacy: The Independent Work of Frank Lloyd Wright Apprentices\u003c/emph\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ageless Perceptions IV: Senior Women in Architecture","1991 will be my fortieth year as an architectural principal with my own office. Architecture has been a total commitment. If I were to make a choice all over again, the choice would be the same. Architecture has imbued me with a sense of self worth and has given me the privilege of contributing a new sense of life and meaning to my clients and their families.\n\n","Ageless Perceptions IV – Senior Women in Architecture","Eleanore Pettersen, FAIA/Four Decades","Taliesin Legacy: The Independent Work of Frank Lloyd Wright Apprentices"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection, Ms2003-018, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection, Ms2003-018, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection commenced in February, 2009 and was completed in February, 2010. Preliminary processing was untaken by Amy Vilelle in 2007.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection commenced in February, 2009 and was completed in February, 2010. Preliminary processing was untaken by Amy Vilelle in 2007."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cextref href=\"http://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/iawa/pedd\" title=\"ImageBase\"\u003eImageBase\u003c/extref\u003e at Virginia Tech's Special Collections contains digital images of Pettersen's work.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The  ImageBase  at Virginia Tech's Special Collections contains digital images of Pettersen's work."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePettersen's collection encompasses over fifty years of architectural practice including project files, sketches, drawings, blueprints, models, slides and photographs representing approximately 600 designs. The collection also contains Pettersen's personal papers including biographical information, family papers, and photographs. The materials range in date from 1915-2003 (bulk 1950-2000) and are divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Artifacts and Models. See the contents list below for more detail about the individual series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Pettersen's collection encompasses over fifty years of architectural practice including project files, sketches, drawings, blueprints, models, slides and photographs representing approximately 600 designs. The collection also contains Pettersen's personal papers including biographical information, family papers, and photographs. The materials range in date from 1915-2003 (bulk 1950-2000) and are divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Artifacts and Models. See the contents list below for more detail about the individual series."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_962b3c36991e920d77cf488eb8cd9c4d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eEleanore K. Pettersen (1916-2003) received a Certificate in Architecture from Cooper Union for Advancement of Science and Art in 1941, and was an apprentice to Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin from 1941-1943. She was one of the first women licensed as an architect in the state of New Jersey in 1950, and was the first woman in New Jersey to open her own architectural office. She primarily designed residences and was also very active in professional and civic organizations. She became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) in 1991. The collection consists of project files, sketches, blueprints, drawings, models, photographs, and other material relating to over 600 of Pettersen's projects as well as material relating to her participation in various professional and civic organizations. The materials in the collection range in date from 1915-2003 with the bulk of the material dating 1950-2000.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Eleanore K. Pettersen (1916-2003) received a Certificate in Architecture from Cooper Union for Advancement of Science and Art in 1941, and was an apprentice to Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin from 1941-1943. She was one of the first women licensed as an architect in the state of New Jersey in 1950, and was the first woman in New Jersey to open her own architectural office. She primarily designed residences and was also very active in professional and civic organizations. She became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) in 1991. The collection consists of project files, sketches, blueprints, drawings, models, photographs, and other material relating to over 600 of Pettersen's projects as well as material relating to her participation in various professional and civic organizations. The materials in the collection range in date from 1915-2003 with the bulk of the material dating 1950-2000."],"names_coll_ssim":["Design Collaborative (1970-?)","Eleanore Pettersen Associates","Pettersen, Eleanore, 1916-2003","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Design Collaborative (1970-?)","Eleanore Pettersen Associates","Pettersen, Eleanore, 1916-2003","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Design Collaborative (1970-?)","Eleanore Pettersen Associates"],"persname_ssim":["Pettersen, Eleanore, 1916-2003","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":641,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:45:38.538Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2251.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Pettersen, Eleanore Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,"],"title_tesim":["Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,"],"unitdate_ssm":["1915-2003","1950-2000"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1950-2000"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1915-2003"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2003.018"],"text":["Ms.2003.018","Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,","Architects","Buildings -- Specifications","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- New Jersey","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Architects -- New Jersey","Photographs","Models (representations)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Some of the materials in the collection were matted for inclusion in \"Glass Ceilings: Highlights from the IAWA Center\" an exhibit held at the Virginia Center for Architecture, Richmond, VA, 2010.","Collection is open to research.","The Eleanore Pettersen Architecture Collection is divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Art, Artifacts, Models. The series are arranged alphabetically by subject except for the Project Records. They are arranged in a project index alphabetically by client's name.","Ageless Perceptions IV: Senior Women in Architecture","1991 will be my fortieth year as an architectural principal with my own office. Architecture has been a total commitment. If I were to make a choice all over again, the choice would be the same. Architecture has imbued me with a sense of self worth and has given me the privilege of contributing a new sense of life and meaning to my clients and their families.\n\n","Ageless Perceptions IV – Senior Women in Architecture","Eleanore Pettersen, FAIA/Four Decades","Taliesin Legacy: The Independent Work of Frank Lloyd Wright Apprentices","The guide to the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement and description of the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection commenced in February, 2009 and was completed in February, 2010. Preliminary processing was untaken by Amy Vilelle in 2007.","The  ImageBase  at Virginia Tech's Special Collections contains digital images of Pettersen's work.","Pettersen's collection encompasses over fifty years of architectural practice including project files, sketches, drawings, blueprints, models, slides and photographs representing approximately 600 designs. The collection also contains Pettersen's personal papers including biographical information, family papers, and photographs. The materials range in date from 1915-2003 (bulk 1950-2000) and are divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Artifacts and Models. See the contents list below for more detail about the individual series.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Eleanore K. Pettersen (1916-2003) received a Certificate in Architecture from Cooper Union for Advancement of Science and Art in 1941, and was an apprentice to Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin from 1941-1943. She was one of the first women licensed as an architect in the state of New Jersey in 1950, and was the first woman in New Jersey to open her own architectural office. She primarily designed residences and was also very active in professional and civic organizations. She became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) in 1991. The collection consists of project files, sketches, blueprints, drawings, models, photographs, and other material relating to over 600 of Pettersen's projects as well as material relating to her participation in various professional and civic organizations. The materials in the collection range in date from 1915-2003 with the bulk of the material dating 1950-2000.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Design Collaborative (1970-?)","Eleanore Pettersen Associates","Pettersen, Eleanore, 1916-2003","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2003.018"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,"],"collection_title_tesim":["Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,"],"collection_ssim":["Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection,"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection was donated to Special Collections in September 2003. Additions were received in April 2010 and August 2011."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Buildings -- Specifications","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- New Jersey","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Architects -- New Jersey","Photographs","Models (representations)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Buildings -- Specifications","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women architects -- New Jersey","Women -- History","Women-owned architectural firms","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","Architects -- New Jersey","Photographs","Models (representations)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["Some of the materials in the collection were matted for inclusion in \"Glass Ceilings: Highlights from the IAWA Center\" an exhibit held at the Virginia Center for Architecture, Richmond, VA, 2010."],"extent_ssm":["296 Cubic Feet 219 boxes; 7 map cases"],"extent_tesim":["296 Cubic Feet 219 boxes; 7 map cases"],"genreform_ssim":["Photographs","Models (representations)","Blueprints (reprographic copies)","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Eleanore Pettersen Architecture Collection is divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Art, Artifacts, Models. The series are arranged alphabetically by subject except for the Project Records. They are arranged in a project index alphabetically by client's name.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Eleanore Pettersen Architecture Collection is divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Art, Artifacts, Models. The series are arranged alphabetically by subject except for the Project Records. They are arranged in a project index alphabetically by client's name."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAgeless Perceptions IV: Senior Women in Architecture\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cblockquote\u003e1991 will be my fortieth year as an architectural principal with my own office. Architecture has been a total commitment. If I were to make a choice all over again, the choice would be the same. Architecture has imbued me with a sense of self worth and has given me the privilege of contributing a new sense of life and meaning to my clients and their families.\n\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eAgeless Perceptions IV – Senior Women in Architecture\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eEleanore Pettersen, FAIA/Four Decades\u003c/emph\u003e","\u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eTaliesin Legacy: The Independent Work of Frank Lloyd Wright Apprentices\u003c/emph\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Ageless Perceptions IV: Senior Women in Architecture","1991 will be my fortieth year as an architectural principal with my own office. Architecture has been a total commitment. If I were to make a choice all over again, the choice would be the same. Architecture has imbued me with a sense of self worth and has given me the privilege of contributing a new sense of life and meaning to my clients and their families.\n\n","Ageless Perceptions IV – Senior Women in Architecture","Eleanore Pettersen, FAIA/Four Decades","Taliesin Legacy: The Independent Work of Frank Lloyd Wright Apprentices"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection, Ms2003-018, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection, Ms2003-018, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement and description of the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection commenced in February, 2009 and was completed in February, 2010. Preliminary processing was untaken by Amy Vilelle in 2007.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement and description of the Eleanore Pettersen Architectural Collection commenced in February, 2009 and was completed in February, 2010. Preliminary processing was untaken by Amy Vilelle in 2007."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003cextref href=\"http://imagebase.lib.vt.edu/browse.php?folio_ID=/iawa/pedd\" title=\"ImageBase\"\u003eImageBase\u003c/extref\u003e at Virginia Tech's Special Collections contains digital images of Pettersen's work.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The  ImageBase  at Virginia Tech's Special Collections contains digital images of Pettersen's work."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePettersen's collection encompasses over fifty years of architectural practice including project files, sketches, drawings, blueprints, models, slides and photographs representing approximately 600 designs. The collection also contains Pettersen's personal papers including biographical information, family papers, and photographs. The materials range in date from 1915-2003 (bulk 1950-2000) and are divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Artifacts and Models. See the contents list below for more detail about the individual series.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Pettersen's collection encompasses over fifty years of architectural practice including project files, sketches, drawings, blueprints, models, slides and photographs representing approximately 600 designs. The collection also contains Pettersen's personal papers including biographical information, family papers, and photographs. The materials range in date from 1915-2003 (bulk 1950-2000) and are divided into five series: Personal Papers, Professional Papers, Office Records, Project Records, and Artifacts and Models. See the contents list below for more detail about the individual series."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_962b3c36991e920d77cf488eb8cd9c4d\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eEleanore K. Pettersen (1916-2003) received a Certificate in Architecture from Cooper Union for Advancement of Science and Art in 1941, and was an apprentice to Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin from 1941-1943. She was one of the first women licensed as an architect in the state of New Jersey in 1950, and was the first woman in New Jersey to open her own architectural office. She primarily designed residences and was also very active in professional and civic organizations. She became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) in 1991. The collection consists of project files, sketches, blueprints, drawings, models, photographs, and other material relating to over 600 of Pettersen's projects as well as material relating to her participation in various professional and civic organizations. The materials in the collection range in date from 1915-2003 with the bulk of the material dating 1950-2000.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Eleanore K. Pettersen (1916-2003) received a Certificate in Architecture from Cooper Union for Advancement of Science and Art in 1941, and was an apprentice to Frank Lloyd Wright at Taliesin from 1941-1943. She was one of the first women licensed as an architect in the state of New Jersey in 1950, and was the first woman in New Jersey to open her own architectural office. She primarily designed residences and was also very active in professional and civic organizations. She became a Fellow of the American Institute of Architects (FAIA) in 1991. The collection consists of project files, sketches, blueprints, drawings, models, photographs, and other material relating to over 600 of Pettersen's projects as well as material relating to her participation in various professional and civic organizations. The materials in the collection range in date from 1915-2003 with the bulk of the material dating 1950-2000."],"names_coll_ssim":["Design Collaborative (1970-?)","Eleanore Pettersen Associates","Pettersen, Eleanore, 1916-2003","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Design Collaborative (1970-?)","Eleanore Pettersen Associates","Pettersen, Eleanore, 1916-2003","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Design Collaborative (1970-?)","Eleanore Pettersen Associates"],"persname_ssim":["Pettersen, Eleanore, 1916-2003","Wright, Frank Lloyd, 1867-1959"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":641,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:45:38.538Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2251"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Elsa Leviseur was born in 1932 and practiced architecture and landscape architecture in South Africa, England, and California. Her projects include designs for the Hollywood Bowl and the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association in California. Papers consist of files, photographs, specifications, and architectural drawings of designs done mostly in the 1980s.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1741.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Leviseur, Elsa, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.007"],"text":["Ms.1990.007","Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is divided into three series: I. Personal Papers; II. Professional Papers; and III. Project Records.","Elsa Leviseur is an architect of Los Angeles, California, born in South Africa in 1932. She earned a B. Arch. at the University of Cape Town School of Architecture in 1954 and a M. A. in Architecture and Urban Planning from the University of California at Los Angeles Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Planning in 1980. She has been principal of Leviseur Architects in Santa Monica, California, since 1983. She was Principal of Architerra in Los Angeles from 1986 to 1989 and Project Manager of The Tanzmann Associates from 1980 to 1983. She worked in other architects offices and in private practice in England from 1960 to 1969 and in South Africa from 1954 to 1959.","Leviseur taught at Manchester Polytechnic in England in the early 1990s, and at the University of California, Los Angeles from 1984 to 1989. She has been a member of the Association for Women in Architecture since 1974 (she served as President in 1978), and was a founding member of Designers and Planners for Social Responsibility and member since 1984. ","The guide to the Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Processing of the papers was completed in September 1990 by Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator, and V.M. Abelsen, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The intellectual orgianization of the finding aid was changed and an EAD version created by Harvey Clark, November 2010.","The materials in the collection consist of architectural drawings, photographs, specifications, correspondence, news clippings, scrapbooks, and other materials.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Elsa Leviseur was born in 1932 and practiced architecture and landscape architecture in South Africa, England, and California. Her projects include designs for the Hollywood Bowl and the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association in California. Papers consist of files, photographs, specifications, and architectural drawings of designs done mostly in the 1980s.","Please note:  Boxed materials in this collection are in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"creator_ssim":["Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"creators_ssim":["Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The records were donated in January 1990 by Elsa Leviseur to the International Archive of Women in Architecture housed in the Special Collections Department of the University Libraries at Virginia Tech."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.2 Cubic Feet 19 boxes and 10 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["13.2 Cubic Feet 19 boxes and 10 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into three series: I. Personal Papers; II. Professional Papers; and III. Project Records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into three series: I. Personal Papers; II. Professional Papers; and III. Project Records."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElsa Leviseur is an architect of Los Angeles, California, born in South Africa in 1932. She earned a B. Arch. at the University of Cape Town School of Architecture in 1954 and a M. A. in Architecture and Urban Planning from the University of California at Los Angeles Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Planning in 1980. She has been principal of Leviseur Architects in Santa Monica, California, since 1983. She was Principal of Architerra in Los Angeles from 1986 to 1989 and Project Manager of The Tanzmann Associates from 1980 to 1983. She worked in other architects offices and in private practice in England from 1960 to 1969 and in South Africa from 1954 to 1959.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLeviseur taught at Manchester Polytechnic in England in the early 1990s, and at the University of California, Los Angeles from 1984 to 1989. She has been a member of the Association for Women in Architecture since 1974 (she served as President in 1978), and was a founding member of Designers and Planners for Social Responsibility and member since 1984. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elsa Leviseur is an architect of Los Angeles, California, born in South Africa in 1932. She earned a B. Arch. at the University of Cape Town School of Architecture in 1954 and a M. A. in Architecture and Urban Planning from the University of California at Los Angeles Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Planning in 1980. She has been principal of Leviseur Architects in Santa Monica, California, since 1983. She was Principal of Architerra in Los Angeles from 1986 to 1989 and Project Manager of The Tanzmann Associates from 1980 to 1983. She worked in other architects offices and in private practice in England from 1960 to 1969 and in South Africa from 1954 to 1959.","Leviseur taught at Manchester Polytechnic in England in the early 1990s, and at the University of California, Los Angeles from 1984 to 1989. She has been a member of the Association for Women in Architecture since 1974 (she served as President in 1978), and was a founding member of Designers and Planners for Social Responsibility and member since 1984. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection, Ms1990-007, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection, Ms1990-007, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing of the papers was completed in September 1990 by Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator, and V.M. Abelsen, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The intellectual orgianization of the finding aid was changed and an EAD version created by Harvey Clark, November 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing of the papers was completed in September 1990 by Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator, and V.M. Abelsen, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The intellectual orgianization of the finding aid was changed and an EAD version created by Harvey Clark, November 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in the collection consist of architectural drawings, photographs, specifications, correspondence, news clippings, scrapbooks, and other materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in the collection consist of architectural drawings, photographs, specifications, correspondence, news clippings, scrapbooks, and other materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d6971b63b621aa9275f50128b243aca4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eElsa Leviseur was born in 1932 and practiced architecture and landscape architecture in South Africa, England, and California. Her projects include designs for the Hollywood Bowl and the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association in California. Papers consist of files, photographs, specifications, and architectural drawings of designs done mostly in the 1980s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Elsa Leviseur was born in 1932 and practiced architecture and landscape architecture in South Africa, England, and California. Her projects include designs for the Hollywood Bowl and the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association in California. Papers consist of files, photographs, specifications, and architectural drawings of designs done mostly in the 1980s."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_51a21325c39abf95f31dca405565b545\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxed materials in this collection are in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Boxed materials in this collection are in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":78,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:20.031Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1741.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Leviseur, Elsa, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1950-1990"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1950-1990"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1990.007"],"text":["Ms.1990.007","Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection","Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is divided into three series: I. Personal Papers; II. Professional Papers; and III. Project Records.","Elsa Leviseur is an architect of Los Angeles, California, born in South Africa in 1932. She earned a B. Arch. at the University of Cape Town School of Architecture in 1954 and a M. A. in Architecture and Urban Planning from the University of California at Los Angeles Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Planning in 1980. She has been principal of Leviseur Architects in Santa Monica, California, since 1983. She was Principal of Architerra in Los Angeles from 1986 to 1989 and Project Manager of The Tanzmann Associates from 1980 to 1983. She worked in other architects offices and in private practice in England from 1960 to 1969 and in South Africa from 1954 to 1959.","Leviseur taught at Manchester Polytechnic in England in the early 1990s, and at the University of California, Los Angeles from 1984 to 1989. She has been a member of the Association for Women in Architecture since 1974 (she served as President in 1978), and was a founding member of Designers and Planners for Social Responsibility and member since 1984. ","The guide to the Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Processing of the papers was completed in September 1990 by Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator, and V.M. Abelsen, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The intellectual orgianization of the finding aid was changed and an EAD version created by Harvey Clark, November 2010.","The materials in the collection consist of architectural drawings, photographs, specifications, correspondence, news clippings, scrapbooks, and other materials.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Elsa Leviseur was born in 1932 and practiced architecture and landscape architecture in South Africa, England, and California. Her projects include designs for the Hollywood Bowl and the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association in California. Papers consist of files, photographs, specifications, and architectural drawings of designs done mostly in the 1980s.","Please note:  Boxed materials in this collection are in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1990.007"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"creator_ssim":["Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"creators_ssim":["Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The records were donated in January 1990 by Elsa Leviseur to the International Archive of Women in Architecture housed in the Special Collections Department of the University Libraries at Virginia Tech."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.2 Cubic Feet 19 boxes and 10 oversize folders"],"extent_tesim":["13.2 Cubic Feet 19 boxes and 10 oversize folders"],"genreform_ssim":["Architectural drawings (visual works)"],"date_range_isim":[1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into three series: I. Personal Papers; II. Professional Papers; and III. Project Records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into three series: I. Personal Papers; II. Professional Papers; and III. Project Records."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eElsa Leviseur is an architect of Los Angeles, California, born in South Africa in 1932. She earned a B. Arch. at the University of Cape Town School of Architecture in 1954 and a M. A. in Architecture and Urban Planning from the University of California at Los Angeles Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Planning in 1980. She has been principal of Leviseur Architects in Santa Monica, California, since 1983. She was Principal of Architerra in Los Angeles from 1986 to 1989 and Project Manager of The Tanzmann Associates from 1980 to 1983. She worked in other architects offices and in private practice in England from 1960 to 1969 and in South Africa from 1954 to 1959.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLeviseur taught at Manchester Polytechnic in England in the early 1990s, and at the University of California, Los Angeles from 1984 to 1989. She has been a member of the Association for Women in Architecture since 1974 (she served as President in 1978), and was a founding member of Designers and Planners for Social Responsibility and member since 1984. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Elsa Leviseur is an architect of Los Angeles, California, born in South Africa in 1932. She earned a B. Arch. at the University of Cape Town School of Architecture in 1954 and a M. A. in Architecture and Urban Planning from the University of California at Los Angeles Graduate School of Architecture and Urban Planning in 1980. She has been principal of Leviseur Architects in Santa Monica, California, since 1983. She was Principal of Architerra in Los Angeles from 1986 to 1989 and Project Manager of The Tanzmann Associates from 1980 to 1983. She worked in other architects offices and in private practice in England from 1960 to 1969 and in South Africa from 1954 to 1959.","Leviseur taught at Manchester Polytechnic in England in the early 1990s, and at the University of California, Los Angeles from 1984 to 1989. She has been a member of the Association for Women in Architecture since 1974 (she served as President in 1978), and was a founding member of Designers and Planners for Social Responsibility and member since 1984. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection, Ms1990-007, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Elsa Leviseur Architectural Collection, Ms1990-007, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessing of the papers was completed in September 1990 by Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator, and V.M. Abelsen, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The intellectual orgianization of the finding aid was changed and an EAD version created by Harvey Clark, November 2010.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processing of the papers was completed in September 1990 by Laura Katz Smith, Manuscripts Curator, and V.M. Abelsen, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The intellectual orgianization of the finding aid was changed and an EAD version created by Harvey Clark, November 2010."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials in the collection consist of architectural drawings, photographs, specifications, correspondence, news clippings, scrapbooks, and other materials.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The materials in the collection consist of architectural drawings, photographs, specifications, correspondence, news clippings, scrapbooks, and other materials."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_d6971b63b621aa9275f50128b243aca4\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eElsa Leviseur was born in 1932 and practiced architecture and landscape architecture in South Africa, England, and California. Her projects include designs for the Hollywood Bowl and the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association in California. Papers consist of files, photographs, specifications, and architectural drawings of designs done mostly in the 1980s.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Elsa Leviseur was born in 1932 and practiced architecture and landscape architecture in South Africa, England, and California. Her projects include designs for the Hollywood Bowl and the Los Angeles Philharmonic Association in California. Papers consist of files, photographs, specifications, and architectural drawings of designs done mostly in the 1980s."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_51a21325c39abf95f31dca405565b545\"\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e Boxed materials in this collection are in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information.\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Please note:  Boxed materials in this collection are in off-site storage and requires 2-3 days notice for retrieval. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Leviseur, Elsa, b.1932"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":78,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:37:20.031Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1741"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Han Schroeder Architectural Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information, and architectural materials by Schroeder (1918-1992).","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1506.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Schroeder, Han, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Han Schroeder Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Han Schroeder Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1914-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.064"],"text":["Ms.1987.064","Han Schroeder Architectural Collection","Architects","Architects -- Virginia","Architecture -- Study and teaching","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architecture (discipline)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Interior design","The collection is open for research.","The collection is divided into four series by type. Series I-III are divided into subseries, arranged alphabetically with General Files listed at the beginning. Sub-series are arranged alphabetically. ","Series I. Personal Papers, 1925-1992","Series II. Professional Papers, 1920-1992","Series III. Faculty Papers, 1963-1990, n.d.","Series IV. Project Records, 1914-1975, is arranged by project number.","Han Schroeder was born in July 16, 1918, in Utrecht, Netherlands. Her artistic and architectural education began early, when her mother commissioned the architect Gerrit Thomas Rietveld to design what is now known as the Rietveld-Schroeder House, completed in 1924. For this house, Rietveld employed the revolutionary concept of moveable walls to make the interior flexible, thereby redefining the limits of space. Growing up in this house fueled Han's interest in architecture, and was the beginning of her friendship to Rietveld and her devotion to his ideas. With the encouragement of her family, Han developed her artistic talent, and worked with Rietveld and G. van de Groenekan on carpentry and furniture making in her teenage years. In 1936 she entered the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland, and graduated in 1940 with the degree of Diplom Architekt. She did not return to the Netherlands during World War II, but worked in Portugal (where she worked for the Red Cross and the Netherlands Embassy) and Great Britain. She returned to the Netherlands in 1946. From 1946 to 1949 she worked in the Municipal Museum of Modern Art in Amsterdam under W. Sandberg. ","Beginning in 1949 Schroeder worked first as a draftsman and then as a personal assistant to Rietveld. During these years she experimented with materials and concepts of interior design. She worked with Rietveld on Federal housing projects, schools, exhibitions, and the Sonsbeek Sculpture Pavillion, among other projects. She opened her own office in 1954. At that time she was one of two registered woman architects among 3000 registered men in the Netherlands. The most significant designs she did between 1954 and 1963 were the Gaastra House in Zeist; Ellinchem, a Center for Rejected and Problem Children in Ellecom; the Academy of Social Work, Amsterdam, where she designed a snack bar and auditorium; the Kessler House, a recreation building for employees of the Netherlands Steel Furnaces; and various Youth and Community Centers in Utrecht, Oldebrock, and Eerbeek. During this time she also designed stationery and exhibits. In 1963 she emigrated to the United States. She first worked at firms in Los Angeles, California, but accepted a position at Adelphi University in Garden City, New York, to teach interior design. In 1966 she taught at the Parsons School of Design in New York City, and then at the New York Institute of Technology from 1967 to 1979. In 1979 she became a Professor of Interior Design at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia. ","Schroeder retired in 1988, and died in Amsterdam on March 20, 1992.","The guide to the Han Schroeder Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Han Schroeder Architectural Papers was completed in October 1998. The original accession was processed by Laura Katz Smith, April 1990. The second accession was processed in October 1998 by Brad Shearer, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The finding aid was rearranged December 2013.","The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information and architectural materials. Architectural materials include drawings, photographs, specifications, and reports. The collection also contains materials about the Rietveld-Schroeder House and biographical material about Rietveld and her mother, Tr. Schroeder-Schraeder, examples and other materials associated with her typographical (or stationery design) work, and work-related and personal photographs.","The following five books were removed from the collection and placed in the Rare Book Collection:  ","Haags Gemeentemuseum Piet Mondriaan Dutch Architecture: 1907-1917 by Theodore M. Brown Vormen Van De Kleur Villa's en Buitenhuizen by Jan Henselmans Theo van Doesburg Propagandist and Practitioner of the Avant-Garde 1909-1923 by Hannah L. Hedrick","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information, and architectural materials by Schroeder (1918-1992).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992","The collection contains materials in Dutch and English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.064"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Han Schroeder Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Han Schroeder Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Han Schroeder Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"creator_ssim":["Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"creators_ssim":["Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The records were donated in January 1989 by Han Schroeder to the International Archive of Women in Architecture housed in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Libraries. An addition to the collection was made in 1992, after Schroeder's death. Materials dated after 1992 were placed in the collection by Laura Katz Smith, Curator of Manuscripts."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Architects -- Virginia","Architecture -- Study and teaching","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architecture (discipline)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Interior design"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Architects -- Virginia","Architecture -- Study and teaching","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architecture (discipline)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Interior design"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["40 Cubic Feet 12 boxes; map cases"],"extent_tesim":["40 Cubic Feet 12 boxes; map cases"],"genreform_ssim":["Architecture (discipline)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Interior design"],"date_range_isim":[1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into four series by type. 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Project Records, 1914-1975, is arranged by project number."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHan Schroeder was born in July 16, 1918, in Utrecht, Netherlands. Her artistic and architectural education began early, when her mother commissioned the architect Gerrit Thomas Rietveld to design what is now known as the Rietveld-Schroeder House, completed in 1924. For this house, Rietveld employed the revolutionary concept of moveable walls to make the interior flexible, thereby redefining the limits of space. Growing up in this house fueled Han's interest in architecture, and was the beginning of her friendship to Rietveld and her devotion to his ideas. With the encouragement of her family, Han developed her artistic talent, and worked with Rietveld and G. van de Groenekan on carpentry and furniture making in her teenage years. In 1936 she entered the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland, and graduated in 1940 with the degree of Diplom Architekt. She did not return to the Netherlands during World War II, but worked in Portugal (where she worked for the Red Cross and the Netherlands Embassy) and Great Britain. She returned to the Netherlands in 1946. From 1946 to 1949 she worked in the Municipal Museum of Modern Art in Amsterdam under W. Sandberg. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeginning in 1949 Schroeder worked first as a draftsman and then as a personal assistant to Rietveld. During these years she experimented with materials and concepts of interior design. She worked with Rietveld on Federal housing projects, schools, exhibitions, and the Sonsbeek Sculpture Pavillion, among other projects. She opened her own office in 1954. At that time she was one of two registered woman architects among 3000 registered men in the Netherlands. The most significant designs she did between 1954 and 1963 were the Gaastra House in Zeist; Ellinchem, a Center for Rejected and Problem Children in Ellecom; the Academy of Social Work, Amsterdam, where she designed a snack bar and auditorium; the Kessler House, a recreation building for employees of the Netherlands Steel Furnaces; and various Youth and Community Centers in Utrecht, Oldebrock, and Eerbeek. During this time she also designed stationery and exhibits. In 1963 she emigrated to the United States. She first worked at firms in Los Angeles, California, but accepted a position at Adelphi University in Garden City, New York, to teach interior design. In 1966 she taught at the Parsons School of Design in New York City, and then at the New York Institute of Technology from 1967 to 1979. In 1979 she became a Professor of Interior Design at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSchroeder retired in 1988, and died in Amsterdam on March 20, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Han Schroeder was born in July 16, 1918, in Utrecht, Netherlands. Her artistic and architectural education began early, when her mother commissioned the architect Gerrit Thomas Rietveld to design what is now known as the Rietveld-Schroeder House, completed in 1924. For this house, Rietveld employed the revolutionary concept of moveable walls to make the interior flexible, thereby redefining the limits of space. Growing up in this house fueled Han's interest in architecture, and was the beginning of her friendship to Rietveld and her devotion to his ideas. With the encouragement of her family, Han developed her artistic talent, and worked with Rietveld and G. van de Groenekan on carpentry and furniture making in her teenage years. In 1936 she entered the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland, and graduated in 1940 with the degree of Diplom Architekt. She did not return to the Netherlands during World War II, but worked in Portugal (where she worked for the Red Cross and the Netherlands Embassy) and Great Britain. She returned to the Netherlands in 1946. From 1946 to 1949 she worked in the Municipal Museum of Modern Art in Amsterdam under W. Sandberg. ","Beginning in 1949 Schroeder worked first as a draftsman and then as a personal assistant to Rietveld. During these years she experimented with materials and concepts of interior design. She worked with Rietveld on Federal housing projects, schools, exhibitions, and the Sonsbeek Sculpture Pavillion, among other projects. She opened her own office in 1954. At that time she was one of two registered woman architects among 3000 registered men in the Netherlands. The most significant designs she did between 1954 and 1963 were the Gaastra House in Zeist; Ellinchem, a Center for Rejected and Problem Children in Ellecom; the Academy of Social Work, Amsterdam, where she designed a snack bar and auditorium; the Kessler House, a recreation building for employees of the Netherlands Steel Furnaces; and various Youth and Community Centers in Utrecht, Oldebrock, and Eerbeek. During this time she also designed stationery and exhibits. In 1963 she emigrated to the United States. She first worked at firms in Los Angeles, California, but accepted a position at Adelphi University in Garden City, New York, to teach interior design. In 1966 she taught at the Parsons School of Design in New York City, and then at the New York Institute of Technology from 1967 to 1979. In 1979 she became a Professor of Interior Design at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia. ","Schroeder retired in 1988, and died in Amsterdam on March 20, 1992."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Han Schroeder Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Han Schroeder Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection, Ms1987-064, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection, Ms1987-064, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Han Schroeder Architectural Papers was completed in October 1998. The original accession was processed by Laura Katz Smith, April 1990. The second accession was processed in October 1998 by Brad Shearer, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The finding aid was rearranged December 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Han Schroeder Architectural Papers was completed in October 1998. The original accession was processed by Laura Katz Smith, April 1990. The second accession was processed in October 1998 by Brad Shearer, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The finding aid was rearranged December 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information and architectural materials. Architectural materials include drawings, photographs, specifications, and reports. The collection also contains materials about the Rietveld-Schroeder House and biographical material about Rietveld and her mother, Tr. Schroeder-Schraeder, examples and other materials associated with her typographical (or stationery design) work, and work-related and personal photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information and architectural materials. Architectural materials include drawings, photographs, specifications, and reports. The collection also contains materials about the Rietveld-Schroeder House and biographical material about Rietveld and her mother, Tr. Schroeder-Schraeder, examples and other materials associated with her typographical (or stationery design) work, and work-related and personal photographs."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following five books were removed from the collection and placed in the Rare Book Collection:  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHaags Gemeentemuseum Piet Mondriaan\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eDutch Architecture: 1907-1917 by Theodore M. Brown\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVormen Van De Kleur\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVilla's en Buitenhuizen by Jan Henselmans\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTheo van Doesburg Propagandist and Practitioner of the Avant-Garde 1909-1923 by Hannah L. Hedrick\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following five books were removed from the collection and placed in the Rare Book Collection:  ","Haags Gemeentemuseum Piet Mondriaan Dutch Architecture: 1907-1917 by Theodore M. Brown Vormen Van De Kleur Villa's en Buitenhuizen by Jan Henselmans Theo van Doesburg Propagandist and Practitioner of the Avant-Garde 1909-1923 by Hannah L. Hedrick"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2144152cf5930d0672e35641bf2f6e53\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information, and architectural materials by Schroeder (1918-1992).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information, and architectural materials by Schroeder (1918-1992)."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"language_ssim":["The collection contains materials in Dutch and English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":279,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:43:15.623Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1506.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Schroeder, Han, Architectural Collection","title_ssm":["Han Schroeder Architectural Collection"],"title_tesim":["Han Schroeder Architectural Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1914-1992"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1914-1992"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1987.064"],"text":["Ms.1987.064","Han Schroeder Architectural Collection","Architects","Architects -- Virginia","Architecture -- Study and teaching","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architecture (discipline)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Interior design","The collection is open for research.","The collection is divided into four series by type. Series I-III are divided into subseries, arranged alphabetically with General Files listed at the beginning. Sub-series are arranged alphabetically. ","Series I. Personal Papers, 1925-1992","Series II. Professional Papers, 1920-1992","Series III. Faculty Papers, 1963-1990, n.d.","Series IV. Project Records, 1914-1975, is arranged by project number.","Han Schroeder was born in July 16, 1918, in Utrecht, Netherlands. Her artistic and architectural education began early, when her mother commissioned the architect Gerrit Thomas Rietveld to design what is now known as the Rietveld-Schroeder House, completed in 1924. For this house, Rietveld employed the revolutionary concept of moveable walls to make the interior flexible, thereby redefining the limits of space. Growing up in this house fueled Han's interest in architecture, and was the beginning of her friendship to Rietveld and her devotion to his ideas. With the encouragement of her family, Han developed her artistic talent, and worked with Rietveld and G. van de Groenekan on carpentry and furniture making in her teenage years. In 1936 she entered the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland, and graduated in 1940 with the degree of Diplom Architekt. She did not return to the Netherlands during World War II, but worked in Portugal (where she worked for the Red Cross and the Netherlands Embassy) and Great Britain. She returned to the Netherlands in 1946. From 1946 to 1949 she worked in the Municipal Museum of Modern Art in Amsterdam under W. Sandberg. ","Beginning in 1949 Schroeder worked first as a draftsman and then as a personal assistant to Rietveld. During these years she experimented with materials and concepts of interior design. She worked with Rietveld on Federal housing projects, schools, exhibitions, and the Sonsbeek Sculpture Pavillion, among other projects. She opened her own office in 1954. At that time she was one of two registered woman architects among 3000 registered men in the Netherlands. The most significant designs she did between 1954 and 1963 were the Gaastra House in Zeist; Ellinchem, a Center for Rejected and Problem Children in Ellecom; the Academy of Social Work, Amsterdam, where she designed a snack bar and auditorium; the Kessler House, a recreation building for employees of the Netherlands Steel Furnaces; and various Youth and Community Centers in Utrecht, Oldebrock, and Eerbeek. During this time she also designed stationery and exhibits. In 1963 she emigrated to the United States. She first worked at firms in Los Angeles, California, but accepted a position at Adelphi University in Garden City, New York, to teach interior design. In 1966 she taught at the Parsons School of Design in New York City, and then at the New York Institute of Technology from 1967 to 1979. In 1979 she became a Professor of Interior Design at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia. ","Schroeder retired in 1988, and died in Amsterdam on March 20, 1992.","The guide to the Han Schroeder Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Han Schroeder Architectural Papers was completed in October 1998. The original accession was processed by Laura Katz Smith, April 1990. The second accession was processed in October 1998 by Brad Shearer, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The finding aid was rearranged December 2013.","The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information and architectural materials. Architectural materials include drawings, photographs, specifications, and reports. The collection also contains materials about the Rietveld-Schroeder House and biographical material about Rietveld and her mother, Tr. Schroeder-Schraeder, examples and other materials associated with her typographical (or stationery design) work, and work-related and personal photographs.","The following five books were removed from the collection and placed in the Rare Book Collection:  ","Haags Gemeentemuseum Piet Mondriaan Dutch Architecture: 1907-1917 by Theodore M. Brown Vormen Van De Kleur Villa's en Buitenhuizen by Jan Henselmans Theo van Doesburg Propagandist and Practitioner of the Avant-Garde 1909-1923 by Hannah L. Hedrick","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information, and architectural materials by Schroeder (1918-1992).","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992","The collection contains materials in Dutch and English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1987.064"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Han Schroeder Architectural Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Han Schroeder Architectural Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Han Schroeder Architectural Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"creator_ssim":["Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"creators_ssim":["Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The records were donated in January 1989 by Han Schroeder to the International Archive of Women in Architecture housed in the Special Collections Department of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University Libraries. An addition to the collection was made in 1992, after Schroeder's death. Materials dated after 1992 were placed in the collection by Laura Katz Smith, Curator of Manuscripts."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Architects","Architects -- Virginia","Architecture -- Study and teaching","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architecture (discipline)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Interior design"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Architects","Architects -- Virginia","Architecture -- Study and teaching","Architectural drawing -- 20th century","International Archive of Women in Architecture (IAWA)","Women -- History","Architecture (discipline)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Interior design"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["40 Cubic Feet 12 boxes; map cases"],"extent_tesim":["40 Cubic Feet 12 boxes; map cases"],"genreform_ssim":["Architecture (discipline)","Architectural drawings (visual works)","Interior design"],"date_range_isim":[1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into four series by type. Series I-III are divided into subseries, arranged alphabetically with General Files listed at the beginning. Sub-series are arranged alphabetically. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries I. Personal Papers, 1925-1992\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries II. Professional Papers, 1920-1992\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries III. Faculty Papers, 1963-1990, n.d.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries IV. Project Records, 1914-1975, is arranged by project number.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into four series by type. Series I-III are divided into subseries, arranged alphabetically with General Files listed at the beginning. Sub-series are arranged alphabetically. ","Series I. Personal Papers, 1925-1992","Series II. Professional Papers, 1920-1992","Series III. Faculty Papers, 1963-1990, n.d.","Series IV. Project Records, 1914-1975, is arranged by project number."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eHan Schroeder was born in July 16, 1918, in Utrecht, Netherlands. Her artistic and architectural education began early, when her mother commissioned the architect Gerrit Thomas Rietveld to design what is now known as the Rietveld-Schroeder House, completed in 1924. For this house, Rietveld employed the revolutionary concept of moveable walls to make the interior flexible, thereby redefining the limits of space. Growing up in this house fueled Han's interest in architecture, and was the beginning of her friendship to Rietveld and her devotion to his ideas. With the encouragement of her family, Han developed her artistic talent, and worked with Rietveld and G. van de Groenekan on carpentry and furniture making in her teenage years. In 1936 she entered the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland, and graduated in 1940 with the degree of Diplom Architekt. She did not return to the Netherlands during World War II, but worked in Portugal (where she worked for the Red Cross and the Netherlands Embassy) and Great Britain. She returned to the Netherlands in 1946. From 1946 to 1949 she worked in the Municipal Museum of Modern Art in Amsterdam under W. Sandberg. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBeginning in 1949 Schroeder worked first as a draftsman and then as a personal assistant to Rietveld. During these years she experimented with materials and concepts of interior design. She worked with Rietveld on Federal housing projects, schools, exhibitions, and the Sonsbeek Sculpture Pavillion, among other projects. She opened her own office in 1954. At that time she was one of two registered woman architects among 3000 registered men in the Netherlands. The most significant designs she did between 1954 and 1963 were the Gaastra House in Zeist; Ellinchem, a Center for Rejected and Problem Children in Ellecom; the Academy of Social Work, Amsterdam, where she designed a snack bar and auditorium; the Kessler House, a recreation building for employees of the Netherlands Steel Furnaces; and various Youth and Community Centers in Utrecht, Oldebrock, and Eerbeek. During this time she also designed stationery and exhibits. In 1963 she emigrated to the United States. She first worked at firms in Los Angeles, California, but accepted a position at Adelphi University in Garden City, New York, to teach interior design. In 1966 she taught at the Parsons School of Design in New York City, and then at the New York Institute of Technology from 1967 to 1979. In 1979 she became a Professor of Interior Design at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSchroeder retired in 1988, and died in Amsterdam on March 20, 1992.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Han Schroeder was born in July 16, 1918, in Utrecht, Netherlands. Her artistic and architectural education began early, when her mother commissioned the architect Gerrit Thomas Rietveld to design what is now known as the Rietveld-Schroeder House, completed in 1924. For this house, Rietveld employed the revolutionary concept of moveable walls to make the interior flexible, thereby redefining the limits of space. Growing up in this house fueled Han's interest in architecture, and was the beginning of her friendship to Rietveld and her devotion to his ideas. With the encouragement of her family, Han developed her artistic talent, and worked with Rietveld and G. van de Groenekan on carpentry and furniture making in her teenage years. In 1936 she entered the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland, and graduated in 1940 with the degree of Diplom Architekt. She did not return to the Netherlands during World War II, but worked in Portugal (where she worked for the Red Cross and the Netherlands Embassy) and Great Britain. She returned to the Netherlands in 1946. From 1946 to 1949 she worked in the Municipal Museum of Modern Art in Amsterdam under W. Sandberg. ","Beginning in 1949 Schroeder worked first as a draftsman and then as a personal assistant to Rietveld. During these years she experimented with materials and concepts of interior design. She worked with Rietveld on Federal housing projects, schools, exhibitions, and the Sonsbeek Sculpture Pavillion, among other projects. She opened her own office in 1954. At that time she was one of two registered woman architects among 3000 registered men in the Netherlands. The most significant designs she did between 1954 and 1963 were the Gaastra House in Zeist; Ellinchem, a Center for Rejected and Problem Children in Ellecom; the Academy of Social Work, Amsterdam, where she designed a snack bar and auditorium; the Kessler House, a recreation building for employees of the Netherlands Steel Furnaces; and various Youth and Community Centers in Utrecht, Oldebrock, and Eerbeek. During this time she also designed stationery and exhibits. In 1963 she emigrated to the United States. She first worked at firms in Los Angeles, California, but accepted a position at Adelphi University in Garden City, New York, to teach interior design. In 1966 she taught at the Parsons School of Design in New York City, and then at the New York Institute of Technology from 1967 to 1979. In 1979 she became a Professor of Interior Design at Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, Virginia. ","Schroeder retired in 1988, and died in Amsterdam on March 20, 1992."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Han Schroeder Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Han Schroeder Architectural Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection, Ms1987-064, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection, Ms1987-064, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Han Schroeder Architectural Papers was completed in October 1998. The original accession was processed by Laura Katz Smith, April 1990. The second accession was processed in October 1998 by Brad Shearer, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The finding aid was rearranged December 2013.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Han Schroeder Architectural Papers was completed in October 1998. The original accession was processed by Laura Katz Smith, April 1990. The second accession was processed in October 1998 by Brad Shearer, student assistant, Special Collections Department. The finding aid was rearranged December 2013."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information and architectural materials. Architectural materials include drawings, photographs, specifications, and reports. The collection also contains materials about the Rietveld-Schroeder House and biographical material about Rietveld and her mother, Tr. Schroeder-Schraeder, examples and other materials associated with her typographical (or stationery design) work, and work-related and personal photographs.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information and architectural materials. Architectural materials include drawings, photographs, specifications, and reports. The collection also contains materials about the Rietveld-Schroeder House and biographical material about Rietveld and her mother, Tr. Schroeder-Schraeder, examples and other materials associated with her typographical (or stationery design) work, and work-related and personal photographs."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe following five books were removed from the collection and placed in the Rare Book Collection:  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eHaags Gemeentemuseum Piet Mondriaan\u003c/item\u003e \n\u003citem\u003eDutch Architecture: 1907-1917 by Theodore M. Brown\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVormen Van De Kleur\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eVilla's en Buitenhuizen by Jan Henselmans\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003eTheo van Doesburg Propagandist and Practitioner of the Avant-Garde 1909-1923 by Hannah L. Hedrick\u003c/item\u003e\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The following five books were removed from the collection and placed in the Rare Book Collection:  ","Haags Gemeentemuseum Piet Mondriaan Dutch Architecture: 1907-1917 by Theodore M. Brown Vormen Van De Kleur Villa's en Buitenhuizen by Jan Henselmans Theo van Doesburg Propagandist and Practitioner of the Avant-Garde 1909-1923 by Hannah L. Hedrick"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_2144152cf5930d0672e35641bf2f6e53\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information, and architectural materials by Schroeder (1918-1992).\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Han Schroeder Architectural Collection consists of correspondence, clippings, publications, teaching materials, scrapbooks, photographs, family information, and architectural materials by Schroeder (1918-1992)."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"persname_ssim":["Schroeder, Han, 1918-1992"],"language_ssim":["The collection contains materials in Dutch and English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":279,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:43:15.623Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1506"}}],"included":[{"type":"facet","id":"repository_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Repository","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","value":"Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University","hits":45},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Architectural+drawings+%28visual+works%29\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Virginia+Polytechnic+Institute+and+State+University\u0026view=list"}}]},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/facet/repository_ssim.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=Architectural+drawings+%28visual+works%29\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026view=list"}},{"type":"facet","id":"collection_ssim","attributes":{"label":"Collection","items":[{"attributes":{"label":"A. 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