{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--History--1877-1964.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026page=3","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--History--1877-1964.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans--History--1877-1964.\u0026f%5Brepository%5D%5B%5D=Library+of+Virginia\u0026page=3"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":3,"next_page":null,"prev_page":2,"total_pages":3,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":20,"total_count":23,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"vi_vi04911","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Winchester (Va.) Convict Register,, \n1874-1906","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04911#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04911#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWinchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906, is a \"descriptive list of persons convicted of a felony, or other infamous offences, in the Corporation Court of Winchester, Virginia, since 20 July 1874.\" Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white, black, mulatto, brown, copper, light mulatto, yellow, dark brown, dark complexion, ginger cake colored, ginger cake, light ginger cake, bright mulatto, ginger or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. The volume has 147 leaves but only a small portion of the volume was actually used. The entries include the convict's full name and are arranged by date of conviction. There are 3 loose pages in the beginning of the volume with additional information and an unrelated copy of court executions from 1797 which may have been used as a page marker. At the beginning, the volume contains an index. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04911#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi04911","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04911","_root_":"vi_vi04911","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04911","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04911.xml","title_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register,, \n1874-1906"],"title_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register,, \n1874-1906"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1096768\n"],"text":["1096768\n","Winchester (Va.) Convict Register,, \n1874-1906","African American prisoners--Virginia--Winchester.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--Winchester.","African Americans--History--1863-1877.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--Winchester.","Occupations--Virginia--Winchester.","Prisoners--Virginia--Winchester.","Public records--Virginia--Winchester.","Racially mixed people--Virginia--Winchester.","Criminal court records--Virginia--Winchester.","Judicial records--Virginia--Winchester.","Justices of the peace--Virginia--Winchester.","Local government records--Virginia--Winchester.","Minute books--Virginia--Winchester.","Order books--Virginia--Winchester.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--Winchester.","There are no restrictions.\n","This volume is arranged by date and the index is arranged alphabetically by surname and date of conviction.","The City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester.  According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England.  Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874.  It was enlarged by annexation from Frederick County in 1970.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of every person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.","Order books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.","The original records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the Corporation Court. The Corporation Court, in jurisdictions incorporated as independent cities, was the town/city equivalent of the County Court. It was presided over by Justices under the Mayor of the town/city and heard civil and criminal matters. Civil actions on appeal and criminal matters resulting in conviction were sent to the next higher court (Corporation Court to Circuit Court) for further action.","Additional Winchester (City) Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Winchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906, is a \"descriptive list of persons convicted of a felony, or other infamous offences, in the Corporation Court of Winchester, Virginia, since 20 July 1874.\" Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white, black, mulatto, brown, copper, light mulatto, yellow, dark brown, dark complexion, ginger cake colored, ginger cake, light ginger cake, bright mulatto, ginger or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. The volume has 147 leaves but only a small portion of the volume was actually used. The entries include the convict's full name and are arranged by date of conviction. There are 3 loose pages in the beginning of the volume with additional information and an unrelated copy of court executions from 1797 which may have been used as a page marker. At the beginning, the volume contains an index.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court.","Winchester (Va.) Corporation Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1096768\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register,, \n1874-1906"],"collection_title_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register,, \n1874-1906"],"collection_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register,, \n1874-1906"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This volume came to the Library of Virginia in a shipment of court records from Winchester(City.)\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American prisoners--Virginia--Winchester.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--Winchester.","African Americans--History--1863-1877.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--Winchester.","Occupations--Virginia--Winchester.","Prisoners--Virginia--Winchester.","Public records--Virginia--Winchester.","Racially mixed people--Virginia--Winchester.","Criminal court records--Virginia--Winchester.","Judicial records--Virginia--Winchester.","Justices of the peace--Virginia--Winchester.","Local government records--Virginia--Winchester.","Minute books--Virginia--Winchester.","Order books--Virginia--Winchester.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--Winchester."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American prisoners--Virginia--Winchester.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--Winchester.","African Americans--History--1863-1877.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--Winchester.","Occupations--Virginia--Winchester.","Prisoners--Virginia--Winchester.","Public records--Virginia--Winchester.","Racially mixed people--Virginia--Winchester.","Criminal court records--Virginia--Winchester.","Judicial records--Virginia--Winchester.","Justices of the peace--Virginia--Winchester.","Local government records--Virginia--Winchester.","Minute books--Virginia--Winchester.","Order books--Virginia--Winchester.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--Winchester."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 v."],"extent_tesim":["1 v."],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis volume is arranged by date and the index is arranged alphabetically by surname and date of conviction.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["This volume is arranged by date and the index is arranged alphabetically by surname and date of conviction."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester.  According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England.  Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874.  It was enlarged by annexation from Frederick County in 1970.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of every person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrder books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the Corporation Court. The Corporation Court, in jurisdictions incorporated as independent cities, was the town/city equivalent of the County Court. It was presided over by Justices under the Mayor of the town/city and heard civil and criminal matters. Civil actions on appeal and criminal matters resulting in conviction were sent to the next higher court (Corporation Court to Circuit Court) for further action.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester.  According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England.  Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874.  It was enlarged by annexation from Frederick County in 1970.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of every person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.","Order books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.","The original records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the Corporation Court. The Corporation Court, in jurisdictions incorporated as independent cities, was the town/city equivalent of the County Court. It was presided over by Justices under the Mayor of the town/city and heard civil and criminal matters. Civil actions on appeal and criminal matters resulting in conviction were sent to the next higher court (Corporation Court to Circuit Court) for further action."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906. Local government records collection, Winchester (City) Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906. Local government records collection, Winchester (City) Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Winchester (City) Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003eA Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Winchester (City) Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906, is a \"descriptive list of persons convicted of a felony, or other infamous offences, in the Corporation Court of Winchester, Virginia, since 20 July 1874.\" Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white, black, mulatto, brown, copper, light mulatto, yellow, dark brown, dark complexion, ginger cake colored, ginger cake, light ginger cake, bright mulatto, ginger or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. The volume has 147 leaves but only a small portion of the volume was actually used. The entries include the convict's full name and are arranged by date of conviction. There are 3 loose pages in the beginning of the volume with additional information and an unrelated copy of court executions from 1797 which may have been used as a page marker. At the beginning, the volume contains an index.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906, is a \"descriptive list of persons convicted of a felony, or other infamous offences, in the Corporation Court of Winchester, Virginia, since 20 July 1874.\" Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white, black, mulatto, brown, copper, light mulatto, yellow, dark brown, dark complexion, ginger cake colored, ginger cake, light ginger cake, bright mulatto, ginger or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. The volume has 147 leaves but only a small portion of the volume was actually used. The entries include the convict's full name and are arranged by date of conviction. There are 3 loose pages in the beginning of the volume with additional information and an unrelated copy of court executions from 1797 which may have been used as a page marker. At the beginning, the volume contains an index.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court.","Winchester (Va.) Corporation Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court.","Winchester (Va.) 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Convict Register,, \n1874-1906","African American prisoners--Virginia--Winchester.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--Winchester.","African Americans--History--1863-1877.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--Winchester.","Occupations--Virginia--Winchester.","Prisoners--Virginia--Winchester.","Public records--Virginia--Winchester.","Racially mixed people--Virginia--Winchester.","Criminal court records--Virginia--Winchester.","Judicial records--Virginia--Winchester.","Justices of the peace--Virginia--Winchester.","Local government records--Virginia--Winchester.","Minute books--Virginia--Winchester.","Order books--Virginia--Winchester.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--Winchester.","There are no restrictions.\n","This volume is arranged by date and the index is arranged alphabetically by surname and date of conviction.","The City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester.  According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England.  Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874.  It was enlarged by annexation from Frederick County in 1970.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of every person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.","Order books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.","The original records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the Corporation Court. The Corporation Court, in jurisdictions incorporated as independent cities, was the town/city equivalent of the County Court. It was presided over by Justices under the Mayor of the town/city and heard civil and criminal matters. Civil actions on appeal and criminal matters resulting in conviction were sent to the next higher court (Corporation Court to Circuit Court) for further action.","Additional Winchester (City) Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.","Winchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906, is a \"descriptive list of persons convicted of a felony, or other infamous offences, in the Corporation Court of Winchester, Virginia, since 20 July 1874.\" Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white, black, mulatto, brown, copper, light mulatto, yellow, dark brown, dark complexion, ginger cake colored, ginger cake, light ginger cake, bright mulatto, ginger or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. The volume has 147 leaves but only a small portion of the volume was actually used. The entries include the convict's full name and are arranged by date of conviction. There are 3 loose pages in the beginning of the volume with additional information and an unrelated copy of court executions from 1797 which may have been used as a page marker. At the beginning, the volume contains an index.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court.","Winchester (Va.) Corporation Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1096768\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register,, \n1874-1906"],"collection_title_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register,, \n1874-1906"],"collection_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register,, \n1874-1906"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) 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According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England.  Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874.  It was enlarged by annexation from Frederick County in 1970.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of every person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrder books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe original records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the Corporation Court. The Corporation Court, in jurisdictions incorporated as independent cities, was the town/city equivalent of the County Court. It was presided over by Justices under the Mayor of the town/city and heard civil and criminal matters. Civil actions on appeal and criminal matters resulting in conviction were sent to the next higher court (Corporation Court to Circuit Court) for further action.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester.  According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England.  Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874.  It was enlarged by annexation from Frederick County in 1970.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of every person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.","Order books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.","The original records, from which this volume was compiled, were created by the Corporation Court. The Corporation Court, in jurisdictions incorporated as independent cities, was the town/city equivalent of the County Court. It was presided over by Justices under the Mayor of the town/city and heard civil and criminal matters. Civil actions on appeal and criminal matters resulting in conviction were sent to the next higher court (Corporation Court to Circuit Court) for further action."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906. Local government records collection, Winchester (City) Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906. Local government records collection, Winchester (City) Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Winchester (City) Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"http://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/\"\u003eA Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Winchester (City) Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906, is a \"descriptive list of persons convicted of a felony, or other infamous offences, in the Corporation Court of Winchester, Virginia, since 20 July 1874.\" Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white, black, mulatto, brown, copper, light mulatto, yellow, dark brown, dark complexion, ginger cake colored, ginger cake, light ginger cake, bright mulatto, ginger or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. The volume has 147 leaves but only a small portion of the volume was actually used. The entries include the convict's full name and are arranged by date of conviction. There are 3 loose pages in the beginning of the volume with additional information and an unrelated copy of court executions from 1797 which may have been used as a page marker. At the beginning, the volume contains an index.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Convict Register, 1874-1906, is a \"descriptive list of persons convicted of a felony, or other infamous offences, in the Corporation Court of Winchester, Virginia, since 20 July 1874.\" Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white, black, mulatto, brown, copper, light mulatto, yellow, dark brown, dark complexion, ginger cake colored, ginger cake, light ginger cake, bright mulatto, ginger or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. The volume has 147 leaves but only a small portion of the volume was actually used. The entries include the convict's full name and are arranged by date of conviction. There are 3 loose pages in the beginning of the volume with additional information and an unrelated copy of court executions from 1797 which may have been used as a page marker. At the beginning, the volume contains an index.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center--Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court.","Winchester (Va.) Corporation Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court.","Winchester (Va.) Corporation Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:45:27.369Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04911"}},{"id":"vi_vi04189","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04189#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04189#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960, is a \"register of persons convicted of felony, etc.\" Based on a form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (white, black or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Since this type of register was mandated by the General Assembly in 1870, this volume differs from similar county registers due to its later records. Leaves 1 and 2 mention no dates but mid-way down leaf 3, there is a notation of reports made in 1936. An earlier volume may be found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office. There are a series of blank forms found in the volume, Leaf 40, which have the names of various convicts with their descriptions and offenses. These forms contain no dates. In addition, the volume has an internal index. The index is arranged alphabetically (A-Y) by the surname of the convict in the order that it appears in the volume. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04189#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi04189","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04189","_root_":"vi_vi04189","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04189","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04189.xml","title_ssm":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960"],"title_tesim":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1097962\n"],"text":["1097962\n","Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960","African American prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--Wise County.","Occupations--Virginia--Wise County.","Prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","Public records--Virginia--Wise County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--Wise County.","Local government records--Virginia--Wise County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--Wise County.","1 v. (40 leaves)","There are no restrictions.\n","Wise County was formed in 1856 from Lee, Scott, and Russell Counties. The county is named for Henry Alexander Wise, governor of Virginia from 1856 to 1860.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n","Additional Wise County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960, is a \"register of persons convicted of felony, etc.\" Based on a form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (white, black or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Since this type of register was mandated by the General Assembly in 1870, this volume differs from similar county registers due to its later records. Leaves 1 and 2 mention no dates but mid-way down leaf 3, there is a notation of reports made in 1936. An earlier volume may be found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office. There are a series of blank forms found in the volume, Leaf 40, which have the names of various convicts with their descriptions and offenses. These forms contain no dates. In addition, the volume has an internal index. The index is arranged alphabetically (A-Y) by the surname of the convict in the order that it appears in the volume.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1097962\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960"],"collection_ssim":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This original volume came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Wise County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--Wise County.","Occupations--Virginia--Wise County.","Prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","Public records--Virginia--Wise County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--Wise County.","Local government records--Virginia--Wise County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--Wise County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--Wise County.","Occupations--Virginia--Wise County.","Prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","Public records--Virginia--Wise County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--Wise County.","Local government records--Virginia--Wise County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--Wise County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 v. (40 leaves)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWise County was formed in 1856 from Lee, Scott, and Russell Counties. The county is named for Henry Alexander Wise, governor of Virginia from 1856 to 1860.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wise County was formed in 1856 from Lee, Scott, and Russell Counties. The county is named for Henry Alexander Wise, governor of Virginia from 1856 to 1860.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960.  Local government records collection, Wise County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va.  23219\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960.  Local government records collection, Wise County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va.  23219\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Wise County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA297\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Wise County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960, is a \"register of persons convicted of felony, etc.\" Based on a form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (white, black or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Since this type of register was mandated by the General Assembly in 1870, this volume differs from similar county registers due to its later records. Leaves 1 and 2 mention no dates but mid-way down leaf 3, there is a notation of reports made in 1936. An earlier volume may be found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office. There are a series of blank forms found in the volume, Leaf 40, which have the names of various convicts with their descriptions and offenses. These forms contain no dates. In addition, the volume has an internal index. The index is arranged alphabetically (A-Y) by the surname of the convict in the order that it appears in the volume.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960, is a \"register of persons convicted of felony, etc.\" Based on a form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (white, black or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Since this type of register was mandated by the General Assembly in 1870, this volume differs from similar county registers due to its later records. Leaves 1 and 2 mention no dates but mid-way down leaf 3, there is a notation of reports made in 1936. An earlier volume may be found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office. There are a series of blank forms found in the volume, Leaf 40, which have the names of various convicts with their descriptions and offenses. These forms contain no dates. In addition, the volume has an internal index. The index is arranged alphabetically (A-Y) by the surname of the convict in the order that it appears in the volume.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:55:53.741Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi04189","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04189","_root_":"vi_vi04189","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04189","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04189.xml","title_ssm":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960"],"title_tesim":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1097962\n"],"text":["1097962\n","Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960","African American prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--Wise County.","Occupations--Virginia--Wise County.","Prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","Public records--Virginia--Wise County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--Wise County.","Local government records--Virginia--Wise County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--Wise County.","1 v. (40 leaves)","There are no restrictions.\n","Wise County was formed in 1856 from Lee, Scott, and Russell Counties. The county is named for Henry Alexander Wise, governor of Virginia from 1856 to 1860.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n","Additional Wise County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960, is a \"register of persons convicted of felony, etc.\" Based on a form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (white, black or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Since this type of register was mandated by the General Assembly in 1870, this volume differs from similar county registers due to its later records. Leaves 1 and 2 mention no dates but mid-way down leaf 3, there is a notation of reports made in 1936. An earlier volume may be found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office. There are a series of blank forms found in the volume, Leaf 40, which have the names of various convicts with their descriptions and offenses. These forms contain no dates. In addition, the volume has an internal index. The index is arranged alphabetically (A-Y) by the surname of the convict in the order that it appears in the volume.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1097962\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960"],"collection_ssim":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1936-1960"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["This original volume came to the Library of Virginia in a transfer of court papers from Wise County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--Wise County.","Occupations--Virginia--Wise County.","Prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","Public records--Virginia--Wise County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--Wise County.","Local government records--Virginia--Wise County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--Wise County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--Wise County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--Wise County.","Occupations--Virginia--Wise County.","Prisoners--Virginia--Wise County.","Public records--Virginia--Wise County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--Wise County.","Local government records--Virginia--Wise County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--Wise County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 v. (40 leaves)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWise County was formed in 1856 from Lee, Scott, and Russell Counties. The county is named for Henry Alexander Wise, governor of Virginia from 1856 to 1860.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wise County was formed in 1856 from Lee, Scott, and Russell Counties. The county is named for Henry Alexander Wise, governor of Virginia from 1856 to 1860.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960.  Local government records collection, Wise County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va.  23219\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960.  Local government records collection, Wise County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va.  23219\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional Wise County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA297\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional Wise County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960, is a \"register of persons convicted of felony, etc.\" Based on a form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (white, black or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Since this type of register was mandated by the General Assembly in 1870, this volume differs from similar county registers due to its later records. Leaves 1 and 2 mention no dates but mid-way down leaf 3, there is a notation of reports made in 1936. An earlier volume may be found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office. There are a series of blank forms found in the volume, Leaf 40, which have the names of various convicts with their descriptions and offenses. These forms contain no dates. In addition, the volume has an internal index. The index is arranged alphabetically (A-Y) by the surname of the convict in the order that it appears in the volume.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Wise County (Va.) Convict Register, 1936-1960, is a \"register of persons convicted of felony, etc.\" Based on a form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (white, black or colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Since this type of register was mandated by the General Assembly in 1870, this volume differs from similar county registers due to its later records. Leaves 1 and 2 mention no dates but mid-way down leaf 3, there is a notation of reports made in 1936. An earlier volume may be found in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office. There are a series of blank forms found in the volume, Leaf 40, which have the names of various convicts with their descriptions and offenses. These forms contain no dates. In addition, the volume has an internal index. The index is arranged alphabetically (A-Y) by the surname of the convict in the order that it appears in the volume.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"corpname_ssim":["Wise County (Va.) Circuit Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:55:53.741Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04189"}},{"id":"vi_vi04195","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04195#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"York County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04195#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951, is a list of \"persons convicted of felony or other infamous offences\" in the county. Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white and colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Once such individual was Hezekiah Cook. He was convicted of voluntary manslaughter in April 1913. Governor Byrd restored his civil rights in September 1928.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi04195#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi04195","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04195","_root_":"vi_vi04195","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04195","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04195.xml","title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951"],"title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["York County (Va.) Reel 61\n"],"text":["York County (Va.) Reel 61\n","York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951","African American prisoners--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--York County.","Occupations--Virginia--York County.","Prisoners--Virginia--York County.","Public records--Virginia--York County.","Convicts--Virginia--York County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--York County.","Local government records--Virginia--York County.","Order books--Virginia--York County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--York County.","1 microfilm reel","There are no restrictions.\n","Arranged chronologically.\n","York County was one of the eight shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county originally was named Charles River County, for King Charles I. A record of 7 January 1634 employs the name York County, and a statute of 1643 officially changed the name to York County, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of King Charles I, and later King James II.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n","Order books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.\n","This original register was created by the County, Circuit and Magistrate's Courts. A Magistrate's Court is defined as a court with jurisdiction over minor criminal offenses; such a court also has the power to bind over for trial persons accused of more serious offenses.\n","The original volume is found in the York County Circuit Court Clerk's Office.\n","Additional York County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","The entire case on Hezekiah Cook is available in \"The Southeastern Reporter,\" Vol. 77, pages 608-611.  This issue is found on line by goggling Cook's name.\n","York County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951, is a list of \"persons convicted of felony or other infamous offences\" in the county. Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white and colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Once such individual was Hezekiah Cook. He was convicted of voluntary manslaughter in April 1913. Governor Byrd restored his civil rights in September 1928.","Use microfilm copy, York County (Va.) Reel 61.\n","Library of Virginia\n","York County (Va.) Circuit Court.","York County (Va.) County Court.","York County (Va.) Magistrate's Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["York County (Va.) Reel 61\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951"],"collection_title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951"],"collection_ssim":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Reel 61 was generated by a field operator, from the Virginia State Library's (now the Library of Virginia) Microfilm Section, while filming in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American prisoners--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--York County.","Occupations--Virginia--York County.","Prisoners--Virginia--York County.","Public records--Virginia--York County.","Convicts--Virginia--York County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--York County.","Local government records--Virginia--York County.","Order books--Virginia--York County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--York County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American prisoners--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--York County.","Occupations--Virginia--York County.","Prisoners--Virginia--York County.","Public records--Virginia--York County.","Convicts--Virginia--York County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--York County.","Local government records--Virginia--York County.","Order books--Virginia--York County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--York County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 microfilm reel"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County was one of the eight shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county originally was named Charles River County, for King Charles I. A record of 7 January 1634 employs the name York County, and a statute of 1643 officially changed the name to York County, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of King Charles I, and later King James II.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrder books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis original register was created by the County, Circuit and Magistrate's Courts. A Magistrate's Court is defined as a court with jurisdiction over minor criminal offenses; such a court also has the power to bind over for trial persons accused of more serious offenses.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["York County was one of the eight shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county originally was named Charles River County, for King Charles I. A record of 7 January 1634 employs the name York County, and a statute of 1643 officially changed the name to York County, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of King Charles I, and later King James II.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n","Order books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.\n","This original register was created by the County, Circuit and Magistrate's Courts. A Magistrate's Court is defined as a court with jurisdiction over minor criminal offenses; such a court also has the power to bind over for trial persons accused of more serious offenses.\n"],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original volume is found in the York County Circuit Court Clerk's Office.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Location of Originals\n"],"originalsloc_tesim":["The original volume is found in the York County Circuit Court Clerk's Office.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951.  York County (Va.) Reel 61, Local goverment records collection, York County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951.  York County (Va.) Reel 61, Local goverment records collection, York County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional York County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA307\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe entire case on Hezekiah Cook is available in \"The Southeastern Reporter,\" Vol. 77, pages 608-611.  This issue is found on line by goggling Cook's name.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n","Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional York County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","The entire case on Hezekiah Cook is available in \"The Southeastern Reporter,\" Vol. 77, pages 608-611.  This issue is found on line by goggling Cook's name.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951, is a list of \"persons convicted of felony or other infamous offences\" in the county. Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white and colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Once such individual was Hezekiah Cook. He was convicted of voluntary manslaughter in April 1913. Governor Byrd restored his civil rights in September 1928.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951, is a list of \"persons convicted of felony or other infamous offences\" in the county. Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white and colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Once such individual was Hezekiah Cook. He was convicted of voluntary manslaughter in April 1913. Governor Byrd restored his civil rights in September 1928."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUse microfilm copy, York County (Va.) Reel 61.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Use microfilm copy, York County (Va.) Reel 61.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court.","York County (Va.) County Court.","York County (Va.) Magistrate's Court."],"corpname_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court.","York County (Va.) County Court.","York County (Va.) Magistrate's Court."],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T10:00:22.553Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi04195","ead_ssi":"vi_vi04195","_root_":"vi_vi04195","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi04195","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi04195.xml","title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951"],"title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["York County (Va.) Reel 61\n"],"text":["York County (Va.) Reel 61\n","York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951","African American prisoners--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--York County.","Occupations--Virginia--York County.","Prisoners--Virginia--York County.","Public records--Virginia--York County.","Convicts--Virginia--York County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--York County.","Local government records--Virginia--York County.","Order books--Virginia--York County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--York County.","1 microfilm reel","There are no restrictions.\n","Arranged chronologically.\n","York County was one of the eight shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county originally was named Charles River County, for King Charles I. A record of 7 January 1634 employs the name York County, and a statute of 1643 officially changed the name to York County, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of King Charles I, and later King James II.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n","Order books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.\n","This original register was created by the County, Circuit and Magistrate's Courts. A Magistrate's Court is defined as a court with jurisdiction over minor criminal offenses; such a court also has the power to bind over for trial persons accused of more serious offenses.\n","The original volume is found in the York County Circuit Court Clerk's Office.\n","Additional York County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","The entire case on Hezekiah Cook is available in \"The Southeastern Reporter,\" Vol. 77, pages 608-611.  This issue is found on line by goggling Cook's name.\n","York County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951, is a list of \"persons convicted of felony or other infamous offences\" in the county. Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white and colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Once such individual was Hezekiah Cook. He was convicted of voluntary manslaughter in April 1913. Governor Byrd restored his civil rights in September 1928.","Use microfilm copy, York County (Va.) Reel 61.\n","Library of Virginia\n","York County (Va.) Circuit Court.","York County (Va.) County Court.","York County (Va.) Magistrate's Court.","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["York County (Va.) Reel 61\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951"],"collection_title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951"],"collection_ssim":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, \n1889-1951"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"creator_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court.\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Reel 61 was generated by a field operator, from the Virginia State Library's (now the Library of Virginia) Microfilm Section, while filming in the Circuit Court Clerk's Office.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American prisoners--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--York County.","Occupations--Virginia--York County.","Prisoners--Virginia--York County.","Public records--Virginia--York County.","Convicts--Virginia--York County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--York County.","Local government records--Virginia--York County.","Order books--Virginia--York County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--York County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American prisoners--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--Employment--Virginia--York County.","African Americans--History--1877-1964.","African Americans--Virginia--York County.","Occupations--Virginia--York County.","Prisoners--Virginia--York County.","Public records--Virginia--York County.","Convicts--Virginia--York County.","Criminal court records--Virginia--York County.","Local government records--Virginia--York County.","Order books--Virginia--York County.","Registers (lists)--Virginia--York County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["1 microfilm reel"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically.\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County was one of the eight shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county originally was named Charles River County, for King Charles I. A record of 7 January 1634 employs the name York County, and a statute of 1643 officially changed the name to York County, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of King Charles I, and later King James II.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDuring the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrder books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis original register was created by the County, Circuit and Magistrate's Courts. A Magistrate's Court is defined as a court with jurisdiction over minor criminal offenses; such a court also has the power to bind over for trial persons accused of more serious offenses.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["York County was one of the eight shires, or counties, first enumerated in 1634. The county originally was named Charles River County, for King Charles I. A record of 7 January 1634 employs the name York County, and a statute of 1643 officially changed the name to York County, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of King Charles I, and later King James II.\n","During the 1869-1870 session, the General Assembly passed an \"Act to Secure Identification of Persons Convicted of Criminal Offences.\" On 2 November 1870, the act was approved. The act specified that \"every clerk of the court of each county and corporation shall keep a register of full and accurate descriptive lists of person convicted in his own or any other court of record of his county or corporation, of felony or other infamous offence, and a duly certified and attested copy of any such descriptive list may be used as prima facie evidence of the facts therein stated in any question of identity. Such registers shall be kept written up, well indexed, and shall be open to public inspection at reasonable hours. The register shall follow a set form and each descriptive list shall be attested by said clerk.\"\n","In addition, \"the clerk of every court of record of each county or corporation, other than the county or corporation court, shall within ten days from the date of conviction of any person in his court of any offence mentioned in the first section of this act, deliver to the clerk of the county or corporation court, for record in said register, an attested descriptive list of the person so convicted, in the form hereinbefore prescribed.\" The judges of the respective courts are responsible for seeing that the provisions of the act are \"punctually and properly carried out\" by their respective clerks. The act was amended on 18 January 1871 and outlined the following: \"For the services mentioned in this or the first section of this act, the clerk shall be entitled to a fee of fifty cents, to be paid out of the state treasury.\" By and large, the county and circuit court clerks went about compiling these registers throughout the counties of Virginia as late as the 1960s.\n","Order books and/or Minute books record all matters brought before the court when it was in session and may contain important information not found anywhere else. A wide variety of information is found in order/minute books--including individuals convicted of felonies.\n","This original register was created by the County, Circuit and Magistrate's Courts. A Magistrate's Court is defined as a court with jurisdiction over minor criminal offenses; such a court also has the power to bind over for trial persons accused of more serious offenses.\n"],"originalsloc_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe original volume is found in the York County Circuit Court Clerk's Office.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"originalsloc_heading_ssm":["Location of Originals\n"],"originalsloc_tesim":["The original volume is found in the York County Circuit Court Clerk's Office.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951.  York County (Va.) Reel 61, Local goverment records collection, York County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951.  York County (Va.) Reel 61, Local goverment records collection, York County Court Records.  The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional York County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA307\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe entire case on Hezekiah Cook is available in \"The Southeastern Reporter,\" Vol. 77, pages 608-611.  This issue is found on line by goggling Cook's name.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n","Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional York County Court Records can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia.  Consult  \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","The entire case on Hezekiah Cook is available in \"The Southeastern Reporter,\" Vol. 77, pages 608-611.  This issue is found on line by goggling Cook's name.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951, is a list of \"persons convicted of felony or other infamous offences\" in the county. Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white and colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Once such individual was Hezekiah Cook. He was convicted of voluntary manslaughter in April 1913. Governor Byrd restored his civil rights in September 1928.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["York County (Va.) Convict Register, 1889-1951, is a list of \"persons convicted of felony or other infamous offences\" in the county. Based on a set form, the listings of each conviction include the individual's name in full and any aliases, the present and last known residence of the accused, the color or race of the individual (including white and colored), the individual's height, eye color, hair color and any identifying marks, the apparent or known age of the accused, his or her occupation, the offence, the court in which convicted, the date of conviction and page of record and whether the judgment was reversed or pardon granted and date thereof. Once such individual was Hezekiah Cook. He was convicted of voluntary manslaughter in April 1913. Governor Byrd restored his civil rights in September 1928."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eUse microfilm copy, York County (Va.) Reel 61.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["Use microfilm copy, York County (Va.) Reel 61.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court.","York County (Va.) County Court.","York County (Va.) Magistrate's Court."],"corpname_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court.","York County (Va.) County Court.","York County (Va.) 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