{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+Segregation+--+West+Virginia\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+Segregation+--+West+Virginia\u0026page=1\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":5,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Bickley, Ancella R.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles. Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more. Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6226.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/209044","title_ssm":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"title_tesim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"unitdate_ssm":["1775-2018 (Includes facsimiles)","1970-2011"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1775-2018 (Includes facsimiles)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226"],"text":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226","Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans","African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist Collection","Requires signed form for box 1, folders 8, 16, and 17, since special access restriction applies due to PII.","Dr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.","Dr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published  Our Mount Vernons  to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.","With Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine,  Goldenseal . She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind.","Bickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.","Marshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09.","This collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. ","Subjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.","Colleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  ","Writings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include:  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990),  Honoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ,  History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  (1979),  In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955 ,  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia , a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\"  ... to be black in Fayette , and plays:  Two Saint Say ,  Mother Love ,  Tangled Threads  (with Maureen Crockett),  Wade in the Water , and seven  Goldenseal  articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. ","Addendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.","Abbreviations used in the Contents List: \nAB - Ancella Bickley \nWVSC - West Virginia State College \nNB - Nelson Bickley \nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison \nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones \nNEA - National Education Association \nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English \nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV \nUGRR - Underground Railroad \nMU - Marshall University \nWVU - West Virginia University \nCGW - Carter G. Woodson \nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson","Items not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n \n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\"  \nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\" \nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026 Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997).  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia . [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University]. \nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\"","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"collection_ssim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creator_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creators_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist Collection"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.1 Linear Feet 13 ft. 1/2 in. (9 record cartons, 15 in. each); (3 document cases, 5 in. each); (2 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["13.1 Linear Feet 13 ft. 1/2 in. 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She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons\u003c/title\u003e to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited \u003ctitle\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/title\u003e, published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine, \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e. She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.","Dr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published  Our Mount Vernons  to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.","With Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine,  Goldenseal . She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans, A\u0026amp;M 4208, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans, A\u0026M 4208, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.","Marshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eColleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWritings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include: \u003ctitle\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/title\u003e, \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990), \u003ctitle\u003eHonoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eHistory of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association\u003c/title\u003e (1979), \u003ctitle\u003eIn Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\" \u003ctitle\u003e... to be black in Fayette\u003c/title\u003e, and plays: \u003ctitle\u003eTwo Saint Say\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eMother Love\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/title\u003e (with Maureen Crockett), \u003ctitle\u003eWade in the Water\u003c/title\u003e, and seven \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations used in the Contents List:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAB - Ancella Bickley\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWVSC - West Virginia State College\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNB - Nelson Bickley\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNEA - National Education Association\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nUGRR - Underground Railroad\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMU - Marshall University\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWVU - West Virginia University\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nCGW - Carter G. Woodson\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. ","Subjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.","Colleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  ","Writings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include:  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990),  Honoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ,  History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  (1979),  In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955 ,  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia , a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\"  ... to be black in Fayette , and plays:  Two Saint Say ,  Mother Love ,  Tangled Threads  (with Maureen Crockett),  Wade in the Water , and seven  Goldenseal  articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. ","Addendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.","Abbreviations used in the Contents List: \nAB - Ancella Bickley \nWVSC - West Virginia State College \nNB - Nelson Bickley \nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison \nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones \nNEA - National Education Association \nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English \nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV \nUGRR - Underground Railroad \nMU - Marshall University \nWVU - West Virginia University \nCGW - Carter G. Woodson \nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\" \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026amp; Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997). \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University].\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Items not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n \n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\"  \nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\" \nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026 Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997).  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia . [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University]. \nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6f25abedabab5822a513e8a3ea47bb48\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":502,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:14:08.437Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6226.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/209044","title_ssm":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"title_tesim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"unitdate_ssm":["1775-2018 (Includes facsimiles)","1970-2011"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1970-2011"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1775-2018 (Includes facsimiles)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226"],"text":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226","Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans","African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist Collection","Requires signed form for box 1, folders 8, 16, and 17, since special access restriction applies due to PII.","Dr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.","Dr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published  Our Mount Vernons  to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.","With Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine,  Goldenseal . She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind.","Bickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.","Marshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09.","This collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. ","Subjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.","Colleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  ","Writings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include:  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990),  Honoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ,  History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  (1979),  In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955 ,  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia , a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\"  ... to be black in Fayette , and plays:  Two Saint Say ,  Mother Love ,  Tangled Threads  (with Maureen Crockett),  Wade in the Water , and seven  Goldenseal  articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. ","Addendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.","Abbreviations used in the Contents List: \nAB - Ancella Bickley \nWVSC - West Virginia State College \nNB - Nelson Bickley \nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison \nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones \nNEA - National Education Association \nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English \nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV \nUGRR - Underground Railroad \nMU - Marshall University \nWVU - West Virginia University \nCGW - Carter G. Woodson \nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson","Items not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n \n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\"  \nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\" \nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026 Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997).  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia . [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University]. \nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\"","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958","English"],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 4208","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6226"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"collection_title_tesim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"collection_ssim":["Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"creator_ssm":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creator_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"creators_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist Collection"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African American women","Slavery -- West Virginia","Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","School integration -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- West Virginia","Underground Railroad -- Ohio","African American Churches -- West Virginia","African American teachers -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Education -- West Virginia","African Americans -- Genealogy","West Virginia Feminist Activist Collection"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["13.1 Linear Feet 13 ft. 1/2 in. (9 record cartons, 15 in. each); (3 document cases, 5 in. each); (2 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["13.1 Linear Feet 13 ft. 1/2 in. (9 record cartons, 15 in. each); (3 document cases, 5 in. each); (2 document cases, 2 1/2 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 1 1/2 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRequires signed form for box 1, folders 8, 16, and 17, since special access restriction applies due to PII.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["Requires signed form for box 1, folders 8, 16, and 17, since special access restriction applies due to PII."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons\u003c/title\u003e to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWith Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited \u003ctitle\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/title\u003e, published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine, \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e. She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. Ancella Radford Bickley, author, historian, and educator, grew up in segregated Huntington, West Virginia, where she was born in 1930.  She graduated from Douglass High School in 1947 and went on to attend West Virginia State College, graduating magna cum laude in 1950 with a degree in English.  She was the first full time black student at Marshall University and received her master's degree in English in 1954.  She received her Ed.D. in English from West Virginia University in 1974.  Dr. Bickley was a teacher at all educational levels and was Vice-President for Academic Affairs at West Virginia State College where she retired in 1986.  She continued to research, write, and speak from her retirement home in Florida where she lived with her husband Nelson.  Some of her accolades include the Mountain State Bar Association's Distinguished Citizen Award, 1978; the National Education Association's The Carter G. Woodson Memorial Award, 1980; West Virginia Woman of the Year, 1984; the West Virginia State College Alumnus of the Year, 1988; and was a Rockefeller Foundation Scholar at Marshall University in 1999.","Dr. Bickley was a prolific speaker and in addtion to the speeches, she authored many stories, plays, and articles.  In 1997, she published  Our Mount Vernons  to identify sites significant to West Virginia black history.","With Lynda Ann Ewen, she co-edited  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , published by Ohio University Press. She has written stories and articles for publications including West Virginia cultural magazine,  Goldenseal . She wrote a history of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans, A\u0026amp;M 4208, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Ancella Bickley, Historian, Research Papers regarding African-Americans, A\u0026M 4208, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bickley, Ancella Collection. Materials relating to African-American history including annual West Virginia Conferences on Black History, 1908-1996. 3 boxes. Ms2003-182, at the West Virginia State Archives.","Marshall University Oral History Collection, Accession Number 1973/01.0064, also includes the oral history transcripts in this collection's addendum of 2017/02/09."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSubjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eColleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWritings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include: \u003ctitle\u003eMemphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman\u003c/title\u003e, \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990), \u003ctitle\u003eHonoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eHistory of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association\u003c/title\u003e (1979), \u003ctitle\u003eIn Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e, a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\" \u003ctitle\u003e... to be black in Fayette\u003c/title\u003e, and plays: \u003ctitle\u003eTwo Saint Say\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eMother Love\u003c/title\u003e, \u003ctitle\u003eTangled Threads\u003c/title\u003e (with Maureen Crockett), \u003ctitle\u003eWade in the Water\u003c/title\u003e, and seven \u003ctitle\u003eGoldenseal\u003c/title\u003e articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAddendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAbbreviations used in the Contents List:\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nAB - Ancella Bickley\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWVSC - West Virginia State College\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNB - Nelson Bickley\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNEA - National Education Association\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nUGRR - Underground Railroad\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nMU - Marshall University\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nWVU - West Virginia University\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nCGW - Carter G. Woodson\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection documents the research, public service, and life of Ancella Bickley, writer, educator, speaker, and historian. Includes writings, research materials, and more, focusing on the history of African Americans in West Virginia and the black experience in West Virginia. Collected research materials are predominantly facsimiles.  Printed formats include correspondence, clippings, interview transcripts, typescript writings, publications, pamphlets, ephemera, speeches, articles, military records, and more.  Other formats include photographs, slides, and audiocassettes. ","Subjects include Dr. Bickley's writings, which include plays, speeches, and short stories as well as her historical books, articles and other publications; collected materials from Dr. Bickley's historical research on the history of African Americans in West Virginia; and personal papers. Her research materials include papers grouped sometimes by county, sometimes by individual, sometimes by subject. Subjects of her research include slavery, education, churches, biography and genealogy, literature, and more.  Specific subjects include the Underground Railroad, James McHenry Jones, genealogy, Carter G. Woodson, Mollie Gabe, West Virginia Colored Institute/West Virginia State College, John W. Davis, black high schools, school integration, and more. Counties and their cities with specific focus include Cabell, Kanawha, and Jefferson.  Some documents treating slavery and the Underground Railroad include Ohio from which Cabell County blacks, including Bickley's ancestors, migrated.","Colleagues with whom she corresponded include Judith Stitzel, Nelson Barnett, Maureen Crockett (with whom she co-wrote at least one play), and many more. Of significance is correspondence between Carter G. Woodson and his sister, Bessie Woodson Yancey; and letters and a signed photo from Alex Haley.  ","Writings, research background, and drafts of Dr. Bickley's works found within the collection include:  Memphis Tennessee Garrison: The Remarkable Story of a Black Appalachian Woman , \"Midwifery in West Virginia\" (1990),  Honoring our Past: Proceedings of the First Two Conferences on West Virginia's Black History ,  History of the West Virginia State Teachers' Association  (1979),  In Spite of Obstacles: a History of the West Virginia Schools for the Colored Deaf and Blind, 1926-1955 ,  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia , a short story collection \"Turn Left at the Desert,\"  ... to be black in Fayette , and plays:  Two Saint Say ,  Mother Love ,  Tangled Threads  (with Maureen Crockett),  Wade in the Water , and seven  Goldenseal  articles. \nGrant applications and other documents pertaining to her work with the Humanities Council of West Virginia are included in the collection. Other documents describe her work with the Kanawha County Board of Education, EcoTheater, Berea College's Black Mountain Youth Leadership program, and various professional organizations.   \nPersonal papers include material about her husband Nelson R. Bickley and his military career, diplomas, transcripts, photographs of a party she held, and more. ","Addendum of 2017/02/09 (boxes 11 and 12) includes papers of Dr. Ancella R. Bickley, with a few papers of her daughter Ancella Livers. Formats include interview transcripts, correspondence, clippings, typescript writings, publications, cassettes, and more. Most of these materials are transcripts of oral histories pertaining to a collaborative project undertaken by Dr. Bickley and Dr. Rita Wicks-Nelson about black teachers and their memories of school integration in West Virginia in affiliation with the Center for the Study of Ethnicity and Gender in Appalachia at Marshall University.","Abbreviations used in the Contents List: \nAB - Ancella Bickley \nWVSC - West Virginia State College \nNB - Nelson Bickley \nMTG - Memphis Tennessee Garrison \nJMJ - J. McHenry Jones \nNEA - National Education Association \nNCTE - National Council of Teachers of English \nMo So Lit Club - Matrons and Maids Social and Literary Club, McDowell County, WV \nUGRR - Underground Railroad \nMU - Marshall University \nWVU - West Virginia University \nCGW - Carter G. Woodson \nRW-N  - Rita Wicks-Nelson"],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eItems not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\" \u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\"\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026amp; Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997). \u003ctitle\u003eOur Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia\u003c/title\u003e. [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University].\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Items not held in the WVRHC collection which were sent to the Rare Books Curator:\n \n1969/70 edition of \"The Black Student at WVU\"  \nBulletin of West Virginia State College, Series 21, no. 1, June 1933. \"Why Choose West Virginia State College\" \nBickley, A. R., Carter, G. W. M. F. I., \u0026 Marshall University, H. W. V. D. A. (1997).  Our Mount Vernons: historic register listings of sites significant to the Black history of West Virginia . [Huntington, WV] : [Carter G. Woodson Memorial Foundation of Huntington and the Drinko Academy at Marshall University]. \nBooklet, \"History of African-American Miners in Appalachian Coal Fields: Black History Month, February, 2000\""],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_6f25abedabab5822a513e8a3ea47bb48\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)","Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","West Virginia State College (Institute, W. Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Bickley, Ancella R.","Wicks-Nelson, Rita, 1933-","Bickley, Nelson R., 1928-2021","Woodson, Carter Godwin, 1875-1950","Garrison, Memphis Tennessee, 1890-1988","Yancey, Bessie Woodson, 1882-1958"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":502,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:14:08.437Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6226"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6903","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Stephen Capaldo Collection of Material from Southeastern West Virginia","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6903#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eCollection includes company pay, union dues book, and training certificates (ca. 1939-1974) pertaining to United Mine Workers of America member Fred Capaldo, an Italian immigrant who worked for Leckie Smokeless Coal Company in Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Collection also includes correspondence, photographs, etc., about Gap Mills, Monroe County, WV, as well as a 1906-1907 souvenir program for Bellview School, where Black children of Gap Mills received education. Also contains a brochure and photograph related to the now-closed Andrew S. Rowan Memorial Home, located in nearby Sweet Springs, WV. Oversize folder contains a panoramic photograph of the Constitutional Convention of the United Mine Workers of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, October 7-15, 1952.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6903#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6903","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6903","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6903","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6903","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_6903.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/209219","title_ssm":["Stephen Capaldo Collection of Material from Southeastern West Virginia"],"title_tesim":["Stephen Capaldo Collection of Material from Southeastern West Virginia"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1906-2001"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1906-2001"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 4534","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6903"],"text":["A\u0026M 4534","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/6903","Stephen Capaldo Collection of Material from Southeastern West Virginia","Gap Mills, WV","Unions - UMWA.","Coal industry - miners' wages.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","Segregation in education","No special access restriction applies.","Each photograph in Folder 2, of Gap Mills, is numbered on the back. 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Oversize folder contains a panoramic photograph of the Constitutional Convention of the United Mine Workers of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, October 7-15, 1952.","The donor of this collection has transferred rights to the intellectual property they created to the Center. For more information regarding permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","English \n.    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Collection also includes correspondence, photographs, etc., about Gap Mills, Monroe County, WV, as well as a 1906-1907 souvenir program for Bellview School, where Black children of Gap Mills received education. Also contains a brochure and photograph related to the now-closed Andrew S. Rowan Memorial Home, located in nearby Sweet Springs, WV.  Oversize folder contains a panoramic photograph of the Constitutional Convention of the United Mine Workers of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, October 7-15, 1952.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection includes company pay, union dues book, and training certificates (ca. 1939-1974) pertaining to United Mine Workers of America member Fred Capaldo, an Italian immigrant who worked for Leckie Smokeless Coal Company in Greenbrier County, West Virginia. 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A print copy of the emails and corresponding numbers is located in Folder 2."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number],  Stephen Capaldo Collection of Material from Southeastern West Virginia, A\u0026amp;M 4534, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number],  Stephen Capaldo Collection of Material from Southeastern West Virginia, A\u0026M 4534, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCollection includes company pay, union dues book, and training certificates (ca. 1939-1974) pertaining to United Mine Workers of America member Fred Capaldo, an Italian immigrant who worked for Leckie Smokeless Coal Company in Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Collection also includes correspondence, photographs, etc., about Gap Mills, Monroe County, WV, as well as a 1906-1907 souvenir program for Bellview School, where Black children of Gap Mills received education. Also contains a brochure and photograph related to the now-closed Andrew S. Rowan Memorial Home, located in nearby Sweet Springs, WV.  Oversize folder contains a panoramic photograph of the Constitutional Convention of the United Mine Workers of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, October 7-15, 1952.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Collection includes company pay, union dues book, and training certificates (ca. 1939-1974) pertaining to United Mine Workers of America member Fred Capaldo, an Italian immigrant who worked for Leckie Smokeless Coal Company in Greenbrier County, West Virginia. Collection also includes correspondence, photographs, etc., about Gap Mills, Monroe County, WV, as well as a 1906-1907 souvenir program for Bellview School, where Black children of Gap Mills received education. Also contains a brochure and photograph related to the now-closed Andrew S. Rowan Memorial Home, located in nearby Sweet Springs, WV.  Oversize folder contains a panoramic photograph of the Constitutional Convention of the United Mine Workers of America, Cincinnati, Ohio, October 7-15, 1952."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe donor of this collection has transferred rights to the intellectual property they created to the Center. For more information regarding permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The donor of this collection has transferred rights to the intellectual property they created to the Center. For more information regarding permission to publish or reproduce, please contact the West Virginia and Regional History Center."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_db2af780d34ef7d4462b0c62ca929721\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:22:49.024Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_6903"}},{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Storer College Administrative and Operational Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Storer College","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4566.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198177","title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1960","1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"text":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566","Storer College Administrative and Operational Records","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations","Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers) \nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers) \nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers) \nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container) \nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers). \nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container) \nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container) \nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container) \nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container) \nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers) \nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers) \nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers) \nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers) \nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container) \nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers) \nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers) \nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container) \nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Storer College"],"creators_ssim":["Storer College"],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026amp;M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eighteen series, including:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers) \nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers) \nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers) \nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container) \nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers). \nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container) \nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container) \nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container) \nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container) \nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers) \nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers) \nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers) \nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers) \nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container) \nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers) \nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers) \nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container) \nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5c340650e135ba41d647d77be84aba99\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/"],"names_coll_ssim":["National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","Storer College","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"names_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"corpname_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration"],"persname_ssim":["Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D."],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":276,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T23:10:56.560Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_ssi":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_root_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","_nest_parent_":"wvmturhc_repositories_2_resources_4566","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/WVU/repositories_2_resources_4566.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.wvu.edu/ark:/99999/198177","title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1865-1960","1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1930s-1950s"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1865-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"text":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566","Storer College Administrative and Operational Records","Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations","Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918","No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.","Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]","1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621","Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers) \nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers) \nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers) \nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container) \nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers). \nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container) \nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container) \nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container) \nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container) \nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers) \nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers) \nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers) \nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers) \nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container) \nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers) \nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers) \nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container) \nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/","West Virginia and Regional History Center","Storer College","National Association for the Advancement of Colored People","New England Free Will Baptist Association","United States. Veterans Administration","Ball, George H.","Brewster, J.M.","Curtis, Silas, 1804-","Day, George T.","Fessenden, William Pitt, 1806-1869","McDonald, Henry Temple, 1872-1951","Stewart, I.D.","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["A\u0026M 1322","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/2/resources/4566"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"collection_ssim":["Storer College Administrative and Operational Records"],"repository_ssm":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"repository_ssim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center"],"geogname_ssm":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"geogname_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"creator_ssm":["Storer College"],"creator_ssim":["Storer College"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Storer College"],"creators_ssim":["Storer College"],"places_ssim":["Harpers Ferry (W. Va.)","Jefferson County (W. Va.)","Shenandoah River Valley (Va. and W. Va.)","West Virginia -- Race relations"],"access_terms_ssm":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Account books","African Americans  -- Education (Higher)","African Americans - Schools for Freedmen.","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- Appalachian Region","Brown, John -- Fort-Museum","Builders and contractors.","Baptists","Education","Ephemera.","Freedmen's Schools.","Jefferson County - Schools.","Ledgers.","Missionaries","Newspapers.","Photographs.","Schools - Jefferson County.","Schools. SEE ALSO Academies","Teachers' letters and papers.","Universities and colleges","Women --  Education","Women's history -- 1850-1899","Women's history -- 1900-1929","Women's history -- 1929-1950","Women's history -- 1951-present","World War, 1914-1918 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945 -- Letters","World War, 1939-1945","World War, 1914-1918"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["87.58 Linear Feet (160 document cases, 5 in. each; 28 document cases, 2.5 in. each; 7 record cartons, 15 in. each; 4 notecard boxes, 5 in. each; 2 notecard boxes, 4.5 in. each; 5 large flat storage boxes, 5 in. each; 4 large flat storage boxes, 3.5 in. each; 1.5 large flat storage boxes, 3 in. each; 1 small artifact box, 1.5 in.; 1 oversize folder, 0.25 in.; 1 reel microfilm, 1.75 in.)"],"date_range_isim":[1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNo special access restriction applies.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eResearchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026amp; Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["No special access restriction applies.","Researchers may access digitized materials by visiting the link attached to each item or by requesting to view the materials in person by appointment or remotely by contacting the West Virginia \u0026 Regional History Center reference department at https://westvirginia.libanswers.com/wvrhc."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eStorer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlthough there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThough Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Storer College of Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, emerged from the aftermath of the Civil War with the purpose of educating former slaves who were now facing the world with few skills and no education. It began in 1865 as a school in the Lockwood House, a private residence, with the support of the Freewill Baptist Home Mission Society of New England under Reverend Nathan Cook Brackett; in 1867 it officially became Storer Normal School, with the mission of training teachers; and in 1938 Storer became a College. The College closed in 1955 due to declining enrollment, financial problems, and the advent of desegregation.","Although there were dedicated teachers in the beginning, by 1867 there were still only 16 instructors to educate 2,500 students. Reverend Brackett realized the only way to reach all of the students was to train African American teachers, thus necessitating the expansion of the school into a teacher college.","The philanthropist John Storer from Maine came forward and offered a $10,000 grant to the Freewill Baptists to create a teacher college under three conditions: first, the school must eventually become a degree-granting college; second, the school had to be open to all applicants, regardless of race or gender; and finally, the most difficult of the prerequisites, the Freewill Baptist Church had to match his $10,000 donation within a year. After a year-long effort the money was raised, and Storer Normal School opened its doors; and by March 1868 it received its state charter.","\nIn the beginning local residents were resistant to a \"colored school\" and tried to shut it down through slander, vandalism, and local politics. One teacher wrote, \"it is unusual for me to go to the Post Office without being hooted at, and twice I have been stoned on the streets at noonday.\" The attitudes of local residents eventually changed, however, so that later in his life Reverend Brackett became a respected citizen of Harpers Ferry.","Though Storer remained primarily a teacher college, in time it began adding courses in higher education to its curriculum so that students could graduate with a normal degree for teaching, or an academic degree for going on to college. In 1938, under the leadership of school president Henry T. McDonald, Storer became a college. Its enrollment peaked at around 400, and then dipped lower during World War II. The College survived until 1955 when declining enrollment, financial stress, and court-ordered desegregation combined to close it.","In addition to its progressive role in educating African Americans, the College became associated with other advocates of civil rights, such as Frederick Douglas, who visited Storer Normal School in 1881 to deliver a speech on John Brown, and the Niagra Movement led by William Du Bois, who held a conference at Storer in 1906. The NAACP was later to adopt many of the goals of the Niagra Movement.","[This historical note was sourced from the West Virginia Encyclopedia and Wikipedia.]"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026amp;M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Storer College Administrative and Operational Records, A\u0026M 1322, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["1131, 1168, 1322, 1471, 2621"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRecords of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into eighteen series, including:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers).\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container)\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Records of Storer College, West Virginia's first African American institution of higher learning, located in Harpers Ferry. This collection contains mainly administrative and operational records of the college. Types of records include annual reports, publications, memorabilia, artifacts, and other material. This collection includes material regarding John Brown's Fort.","The collection is organized into eighteen series, including:","Series 1. Correspondence; 1865-1953; boxes 1a-61 (73 containers) \nSeries 2. Miscellaneous Correspondence; 1892-1957, undated; boxes 62-72 (14 containers) \nSeries 3. Individual Correspondence; 1920s-1950s; boxes 73-85b (25 containers) \nSeries 4. President's Reports; 1907-1955; box 86a, folders 1a-4 (partial container) \nSeries 5. Board of Trustees; 1926-1960; box 86a, folder 5-box 87b, folder 2b (2 containers, 2 partial containers). \nSeries 6. Dean of Women Reports; 1939-1944; box 87b, folder 3 (partial container) \nSeries 7. Executive Committee; 1924-1957; box 88a - box 88b, folder 1 (1 container, 1 partial container) \nSeries 8. Woman's Commission; 1937-1948; box 88b, folder 2 (partial container) \nSeries 9. By-Laws; 1867-1953; box 88b, folders 3-4 (partial container) \nSeries 10. Faculty; 1940s-1950s; boxes 89-90 (2 containers) \nSeries 11. Printed Material; 1920s-1950s; boxes 91-92 (2 containers) \nSeries 12. Student Records; 1890s-1950s; boxes 93a-122, 137-138 (35 containers) \nSeries 13. Financial Records; 1867-1956, undated; boxes 123a-136, 139-159, 164-169 (45 containers) \nSeries 14. Miscellaneous; 1884-1950s, undated; boxes 159-162, 175 (4 containers, 1 partial container) \nSeries 15. Newspaper -- Storer Record; 1892-1943; box 163 and microfilm reel (2 containers) \nSeries 16. Scrapbooks; 1870-1941; boxes 170-172b (4 containers) \nSeries 17. Alumni flags; undated; box 173 (partial container) \nSeries 18. Oversize; 1916-1952; box 174 (1 container)"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_5c340650e135ba41d647d77be84aba99\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_7c8d3a3d71faf853c73d8cf33057f758\"\u003ePetition submitted by \"students at West Virginia University\" to the \"Office of Personnel\" dated 18 April 1968 regarding perceived discriminatory practices. The grievances regard issues of open, non-discriminatory housing; discriminatory hiring practices; and membership of University officials in segregated clubs. 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The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942.","archives and manuscripts; pamphlets; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.","183, 454, 527","Papers created by the Writers' Program in West Virginia (ca. 1935-1942), a part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA).  For more information regarding this Program, please see the Biographical / Historical Note.","The Writers' Program collection is arranged into series established on the basis of topics. This topical arrangement simply emerged from the documentation resulting from the subject-based research assignments delegated to the writers.","There are six series in the collection:","Series 1. Counties, Boxes 1-86 \nSeries 2. General Material, Boxes 87-89 \nSeries 3. Folklore by County, Boxes 89-91 \nSeries 4. Harpers Ferry, Boxes 92-93 \nSeries 5. Fact Book, Boxes 93-103 \nSeries 6. Writers Project, Boxes 103-108 \nSeries 7. Oversize, Box 109","The Counties series, the largest series in the collection, includes material focused on the following topics:  natural setting, points of interest, places and place names, early life and occupations, the people, history, Civil War history, biographical sketches, transportation and communication, commerce and industry, cultural and social advances, county government, education, religion, annual events, permanent organizations, and folklore.  Other series in the collection cover many additional topics.","The sources accessed by the writers for their research include: interviews and eyewitness accounts, court records, governmental records, church and cemetery records, family records, and school records. The personnel of local historical societies, educational institutions, governmental agencies, and community organizations were consulted for information as well. In some cases the personal memories and observations of the writers were used as source material. Much of the material in the collection includes cover sheets that indicate sources. The resulting quantity and quality of research and writing varies within the collection.","Published material consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes: newspapers, magazines, journals, bulletins, pamphlets, booklets, high school yearbooks, surveys, business and industry statistics, textbooks, blue books, encyclopedias, and atlases.","Unpublished material, or archives and manuscripts, consulted and transcribed by the Writers' Program includes letters, telegrams, diaries, photographs, transcripts of interviews, and narratives.","Although most material consists of transcriptions, some original documents can be found in the collection as well, both published and unpublished.","Items of special interest include originals and transcripts of letters from the Civil War period in the General Material series. The Harpers Ferry series includes several firsthand accounts regarding the Ferry's rich history, including John Brown's 1859 raid and the Civil War.","Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.","West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Writers Project was created in 1935 as part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA). Its purpose was to provide employment for historians, teachers, librarians, writers, and others with qualified skills. The field of assignment for those hired was usually confined to the locality of a writer's residence, although some assignments were for statewide subjects.","The objective of the project was to produce a series of sectional guide books under the name \"The American Guide\" focusing on the history, geography, and cultural and economic resources of the United States. 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The monies needed to meet the demands for defense were drained from the Writers Project, ending the program in 1942."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003earchives and manuscripts; pamphlets; photographs / postcards / prints / etc.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Legacy Formats"],"odd_tesim":["archives and manuscripts; pamphlets; photographs / postcards / prints / etc."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Writers' Program in West Virginia Records, A\u0026amp;M 0454, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Description and date of item], [Box/folder number], Writers' Program in West Virginia Records, A\u0026M 0454, West Virginia and Regional History Center, West Virginia University Libraries, Morgantown, West Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e183, 454, 527\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related A\u0026M Collections"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["183, 454, 527"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers created by the Writers' Program in West Virginia (ca. 1935-1942), a part of the Federal Works Progress Administration (WPA).  For more information regarding this Program, please see the Biographical / Historical Note.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Writers' Program collection is arranged into series established on the basis of topics. This topical arrangement simply emerged from the documentation resulting from the subject-based research assignments delegated to the writers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are six series in the collection:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Counties, Boxes 1-86\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 2. General Material, Boxes 87-89\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 3. Folklore by County, Boxes 89-91\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 4. Harpers Ferry, Boxes 92-93\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 5. Fact Book, Boxes 93-103\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 6. Writers Project, Boxes 103-108\u003clb\u003e\u003c/lb\u003e\nSeries 7. 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The Harpers Ferry series includes several firsthand accounts regarding the Ferry's rich history, including John Brown's 1859 raid and the Civil War."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_7db7750c7837e29de89890c5fd27d017\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. Box 6069 / Morgantown, WV 26506-6069 / Phone: 304-293-3536  / URL: https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["West Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans  -- History -- Miscellanea","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Monongalia County","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans."],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans  -- History -- Miscellanea","African Americans -- Segregation -- West Virginia","African Americans  -- West Virginia -- Monongalia County","African-Americans. SEE ALSO Coal miners - African Americans."],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["45.6 Linear Feet 45 ft. 7 in. (109 document cases, 5 in. each); (1 flat storage box, 2 in.)"],"extent_tesim":["45.6 Linear Feet 45 ft. 7 in. 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Oversize, Box 109","The Counties series, the largest series in the collection, includes material focused on the following topics:  natural setting, points of interest, places and place names, early life and occupations, the people, history, Civil War history, biographical sketches, transportation and communication, commerce and industry, cultural and social advances, county government, education, religion, annual events, permanent organizations, and folklore.  Other series in the collection cover many additional topics.","The sources accessed by the writers for their research include: interviews and eyewitness accounts, court records, governmental records, church and cemetery records, family records, and school records. The personnel of local historical societies, educational institutions, governmental agencies, and community organizations were consulted for information as well. In some cases the personal memories and observations of the writers were used as source material. 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The Harpers Ferry series includes several firsthand accounts regarding the Ferry's rich history, including John Brown's 1859 raid and the Civil War."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePermission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the \u003ca href=\"https://wvrhc.lib.wvu.edu/visit/permissions-and-copyright\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePermissions and Copyright page\u003c/a\u003e on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["Permission to publish or reproduce is required from the copyright holder. For more information, please see the  Permissions and Copyright page  on the West Virginia and Regional History Center website."],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc id=\"aspace_7db7750c7837e29de89890c5fd27d017\"\u003eWest Virginia and Regional History Center / West Virginia University / 1549 University Avenue / P.O. 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