{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+History\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=10","prev":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+History\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=9","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+History\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=11","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+History\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=11"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":10,"next_page":11,"prev_page":9,"total_pages":11,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":90,"total_count":101,"first_page?":false,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Virginia Tax Receipt","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3524.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tax Receipt","title_ssm":["Virginia Tax Receipt"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tax Receipt"],"unitdate_ssm":["1859"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1859"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2021.009"],"text":["Ms.2021.009","Virginia Tax Receipt","African Americans -- History","Virginia -- History","The collection is open for research.","Peter Logan was a resident of Chesterfield, Virginia. He may have been a freedman prior to the American Civil War.","There is a Peter Logan (ca. 1811-1880), who was a shoemaker in Chesterfield County, Virginia. He was married to Betsey Coy Logan (b. ca. 1820), and the couple had several children. He later married Sarah (b. ca. 1835), and they had several children.","Logan died September 2, 1880, in Manchester, Chesterfield County, Virginia.","Sources:","U.S. Federal Censuses, 1850-1880","\"Peter Logan\" entry, the Virginia, U.S., Deaths and Burials Index, 1853-1917, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/209968:62152","The guide to the Virginia Tax Receipt by Special Collections and University Archives,\nVirginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tax Receipt completed in July 2021","The Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Logan, Peter","Materials of this collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2021.009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Tax Receipt"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Tax Receipt"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tax Receipt"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Virginia Tax Receipt was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in November 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Virginia -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Virginia -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1859],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePeter Logan was a resident of Chesterfield, Virginia. He may have been a freedman prior to the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is a Peter Logan (ca. 1811-1880), who was a shoemaker in Chesterfield County, Virginia. He was married to Betsey Coy Logan (b. ca. 1820), and the couple had several children. He later married Sarah (b. ca. 1835), and they had several children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLogan died September 2, 1880, in Manchester, Chesterfield County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Federal Censuses, 1850-1880\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Peter Logan\" entry, the Virginia, U.S., Deaths and Burials Index, 1853-1917, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/209968:62152\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/209968:62152\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Peter Logan was a resident of Chesterfield, Virginia. He may have been a freedman prior to the American Civil War.","There is a Peter Logan (ca. 1811-1880), who was a shoemaker in Chesterfield County, Virginia. He was married to Betsey Coy Logan (b. ca. 1820), and the couple had several children. He later married Sarah (b. ca. 1835), and they had several children.","Logan died September 2, 1880, in Manchester, Chesterfield County, Virginia.","Sources:","U.S. Federal Censuses, 1850-1880","\"Peter Logan\" entry, the Virginia, U.S., Deaths and Burials Index, 1853-1917, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/209968:62152"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tax Receipt by Special Collections and University Archives,\nVirginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tax Receipt by Special Collections and University Archives,\nVirginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should\ninclude the following information: Virginia Tax Receipt, Ms2021-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should\ninclude the following information: Virginia Tax Receipt, Ms2021-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tax Receipt completed in July 2021\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tax Receipt completed in July 2021"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_aaf8e7e486429a0c3c419eddf6e6608e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Logan, Peter"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Logan, Peter"],"persname_ssim":["Logan, Peter"],"language_ssim":["Materials of this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:42:22.725Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3524.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Virginia Tax Receipt","title_ssm":["Virginia Tax Receipt"],"title_tesim":["Virginia Tax Receipt"],"unitdate_ssm":["1859"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1859"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2021.009"],"text":["Ms.2021.009","Virginia Tax Receipt","African Americans -- History","Virginia -- History","The collection is open for research.","Peter Logan was a resident of Chesterfield, Virginia. He may have been a freedman prior to the American Civil War.","There is a Peter Logan (ca. 1811-1880), who was a shoemaker in Chesterfield County, Virginia. He was married to Betsey Coy Logan (b. ca. 1820), and the couple had several children. He later married Sarah (b. ca. 1835), and they had several children.","Logan died September 2, 1880, in Manchester, Chesterfield County, Virginia.","Sources:","U.S. Federal Censuses, 1850-1880","\"Peter Logan\" entry, the Virginia, U.S., Deaths and Burials Index, 1853-1917, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/209968:62152","The guide to the Virginia Tax Receipt by Special Collections and University Archives,\nVirginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tax Receipt completed in July 2021","The Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Logan, Peter","Materials of this collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2021.009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Virginia Tax Receipt"],"collection_title_tesim":["Virginia Tax Receipt"],"collection_ssim":["Virginia Tax Receipt"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Virginia Tax Receipt was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in November 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Virginia -- History"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Virginia -- History"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1859],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePeter Logan was a resident of Chesterfield, Virginia. He may have been a freedman prior to the American Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is a Peter Logan (ca. 1811-1880), who was a shoemaker in Chesterfield County, Virginia. He was married to Betsey Coy Logan (b. ca. 1820), and the couple had several children. He later married Sarah (b. ca. 1835), and they had several children.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLogan died September 2, 1880, in Manchester, Chesterfield County, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Federal Censuses, 1850-1880\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Peter Logan\" entry, the Virginia, U.S., Deaths and Burials Index, 1853-1917, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/209968:62152\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/209968:62152\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Peter Logan was a resident of Chesterfield, Virginia. He may have been a freedman prior to the American Civil War.","There is a Peter Logan (ca. 1811-1880), who was a shoemaker in Chesterfield County, Virginia. He was married to Betsey Coy Logan (b. ca. 1820), and the couple had several children. He later married Sarah (b. ca. 1835), and they had several children.","Logan died September 2, 1880, in Manchester, Chesterfield County, Virginia.","Sources:","U.S. Federal Censuses, 1850-1880","\"Peter Logan\" entry, the Virginia, U.S., Deaths and Burials Index, 1853-1917, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/209968:62152"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Virginia Tax Receipt by Special Collections and University Archives,\nVirginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Virginia Tax Receipt by Special Collections and University Archives,\nVirginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should\ninclude the following information: Virginia Tax Receipt, Ms2021-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should\ninclude the following information: Virginia Tax Receipt, Ms2021-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tax Receipt completed in July 2021\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Virginia Tax Receipt completed in July 2021"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_aaf8e7e486429a0c3c419eddf6e6608e\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Virginia Tax Receipt includes a pre-printed tax receipt for Peter Logan, dated 1859, from Chesterfield, Virginia. There is a handwritten tax on one free person of color. Almost all printed categories except \"Clock\" and \"Furniture\" have been crossed out."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Logan, Peter"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Logan, Peter"],"persname_ssim":["Logan, Peter"],"language_ssim":["Materials of this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:42:22.725Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3524"}},{"id":"vi_vi02496","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02496#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Warren County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02496#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWarren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02496#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02496","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02496","_root_":"vi_vi02496","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02496","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02496.xml","title_ssm":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)"],"title_tesim":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1141723-1141740, 1150052\n"],"text":["1141723-1141740, 1150052\n","Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)","African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slavery -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Warren County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Warren County","Land records -- Virginia -- Warren County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Warren County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- Warren County","18.2 cu. ft. (19 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological. \n","Warren County was named for Joseph Warren, the revolutionary patriot who sent Paul Revere and William Dawes on their famous rides and who was killed at the Battle of Bunker Hill. The county was formed from Frederick and Shenandoah counties in 1836.\n","Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for Warren County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Warren County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Warren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Warren County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1141723-1141740, 1150052\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)"],"collection_ssim":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Warren County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Warren County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in multiple shipments of court papers from Warren County including a transfer under the accession number 37264. \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slavery -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Warren County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Warren County","Land records -- Virginia -- Warren County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Warren County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- Warren County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slavery -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Warren County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Warren County","Land records -- Virginia -- Warren County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Warren County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- Warren County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["18.2 cu. ft. (19 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWarren County was named for Joseph Warren, the revolutionary patriot who sent Paul Revere and William Dawes on their famous rides and who was killed at the Battle of Bunker Hill. The county was formed from Frederick and Shenandoah counties in 1836.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Warren County was named for Joseph Warren, the revolutionary patriot who sent Paul Revere and William Dawes on their famous rides and who was killed at the Battle of Bunker Hill. The county was formed from Frederick and Shenandoah counties in 1836.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWarren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930). Local government records collection, Warren County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930). Local government records collection, Warren County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDeed Books and Indices to Deeds for Warren County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA281\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Warren County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA281\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for Warren County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Warren County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWarren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Warren County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Warren County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:02:28.483Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02496","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02496","_root_":"vi_vi02496","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02496","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02496.xml","title_ssm":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)"],"title_tesim":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1141723-1141740, 1150052\n"],"text":["1141723-1141740, 1150052\n","Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)","African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slavery -- Virginia -- Warren County","Slaves -- Virginia -- Warren County","Deeds -- Virginia -- Warren County","Land records -- Virginia -- Warren County","Local government records -- Virginia -- Warren County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- Warren County","18.2 cu. ft. (19 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological. \n","Warren County was named for Joseph Warren, the revolutionary patriot who sent Paul Revere and William Dawes on their famous rides and who was killed at the Battle of Bunker Hill. The county was formed from Frederick and Shenandoah counties in 1836.\n","Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for Warren County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Warren County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Warren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Warren County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1141723-1141740, 1150052\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)"],"collection_ssim":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, \n1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Warren County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Warren County (Va.) 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(19 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWarren County was named for Joseph Warren, the revolutionary patriot who sent Paul Revere and William Dawes on their famous rides and who was killed at the Battle of Bunker Hill. The county was formed from Frederick and Shenandoah counties in 1836.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["Warren County was named for Joseph Warren, the revolutionary patriot who sent Paul Revere and William Dawes on their famous rides and who was killed at the Battle of Bunker Hill. The county was formed from Frederick and Shenandoah counties in 1836.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWarren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930). Local government records collection, Warren County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930). Local government records collection, Warren County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDeed Books and Indices to Deeds for Warren County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA281\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Warren County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA281\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for Warren County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Warren County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWarren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Warren County (Va.) Deeds, 1788-1937 Nov. (bulk 1899-1930) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Warren County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Warren County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T11:02:28.483Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02496"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"W. B. Gilmer Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \u003cstrong\u003ePlease note:\u003c/strong\u003e This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4105.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Gilmer, W. B., Papers ","title_ssm":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"title_tesim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1962"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1962"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.059"],"text":["Ms.2023.059","W. B. Gilmer Papers","Louisa County (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education","The collection is open for research.","This collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order.","The W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.","W. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.","External sources: ","U. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950","\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer , accessed on June 15, 2023. ","\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from The Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser , Dec. 29, 1916, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\", The Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014, https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961 , accessed March 6, 2024.","The Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. ","External sources: ","\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia, https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/ , accessed on June 15, 2023.","The guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024.","See also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:","W.B. Glimer account book, MSS-16465, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469. Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","Loudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025), Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA","David P. Neff Papers, MG 101, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties.","The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the Central Virginian (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.","In addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.","Please note: This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n Please note: This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties","Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.059"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"collection_ssim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers were purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in August 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eW. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on June 15, 2023. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser\u003c/title\u003e, Dec. 29, 1916, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\", \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Daily Progress\u003c/title\u003e (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961\"\u003ehttps://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/\"\u003ehttps://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on June 15, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Administrative History "],"bioghist_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.","W. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.","External sources: ","U. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950","\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer , accessed on June 15, 2023. ","\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from The Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser , Dec. 29, 1916, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\", The Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014, https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961 , accessed March 6, 2024.","The Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. ","External sources: ","\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia, https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/ , accessed on June 15, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], W. B. Gilmer Papers, 1954-1962, Ms2023-059, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], W. B. Gilmer Papers, 1954-1962, Ms2023-059, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/repositories/3/resources/960\"\u003eW.B. Glimer account book, MSS-16465,\u003c/a\u003e Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi00569.xml\"\u003eDefenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469.\u003c/a\u003e Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=tbl/viletbl00059.xml\"\u003eLoudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025),\u003c/a\u003e Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_43.xml\"\u003eDavid P. Neff Papers, MG 101,\u003c/a\u003e Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:","W.B. Glimer account book, MSS-16465, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469. Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","Loudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025), Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA","David P. Neff Papers, MG 101, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCentral Virginian\u003c/title\u003e (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the Central Virginian (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.","In addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.","Please note: This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_70a8a16d74548e2af45eee8252179931\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n Please note: This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers."],"names_coll_ssim":["Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties","Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties"],"persname_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:35:30.036Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4105.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Gilmer, W. B., Papers ","title_ssm":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"title_tesim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1962"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1962"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.059"],"text":["Ms.2023.059","W. B. Gilmer Papers","Louisa County (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education","The collection is open for research.","This collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order.","The W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.","W. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.","External sources: ","U. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950","\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer , accessed on June 15, 2023. ","\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from The Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser , Dec. 29, 1916, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\", The Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014, https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961 , accessed March 6, 2024.","The Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. ","External sources: ","\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia, https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/ , accessed on June 15, 2023.","The guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024.","See also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:","W.B. Glimer account book, MSS-16465, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469. Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","Loudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025), Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA","David P. Neff Papers, MG 101, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties.","The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the Central Virginian (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.","In addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.","Please note: This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n Please note: This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties","Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.059"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"collection_ssim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers were purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in August 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eW. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on June 15, 2023. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser\u003c/title\u003e, Dec. 29, 1916, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\", \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Daily Progress\u003c/title\u003e (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961\"\u003ehttps://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/\"\u003ehttps://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on June 15, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Administrative History "],"bioghist_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.","W. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.","External sources: ","U. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950","\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer , accessed on June 15, 2023. ","\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from The Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser , Dec. 29, 1916, https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\", The Daily Progress (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014, https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961 , accessed March 6, 2024.","The Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. ","External sources: ","\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia, https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/ , accessed on June 15, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], W. B. Gilmer Papers, 1954-1962, Ms2023-059, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], W. B. Gilmer Papers, 1954-1962, Ms2023-059, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/repositories/3/resources/960\"\u003eW.B. Glimer account book, MSS-16465,\u003c/a\u003e Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi00569.xml\"\u003eDefenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469.\u003c/a\u003e Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=tbl/viletbl00059.xml\"\u003eLoudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025),\u003c/a\u003e Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_43.xml\"\u003eDavid P. Neff Papers, MG 101,\u003c/a\u003e Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:","W.B. Glimer account book, MSS-16465, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469. Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","Loudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025), Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA","David P. Neff Papers, MG 101, Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCentral Virginian\u003c/title\u003e (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the Central Virginian (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.","In addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.","Please note: This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_70a8a16d74548e2af45eee8252179931\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n Please note: This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers."],"names_coll_ssim":["Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties","Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties"],"persname_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:35:30.036Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph of William \"Billy\" McDuffie, a letter from Arthur Elmore to his sister Grace Elmore, and the envelope that it was sent in. This collection also contains a transcript of the letter.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4060.xml","title_filing_ssi":"McDuffie, William \"Billy\", Collection","title_ssm":["William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection"],"title_tesim":["William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861, n. d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861, n. d."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.015"],"text":["Ms.2023.015","William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection","African Americans -- History","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","William \"Billy\" Mcduffie was an enslaved person during and prior to the American Civil War. During the war, McDuffie most likely served as a cook or a body servant. Biographical materials that accompanied the collection included an excerpt from his obituary, which ran in the Athens Daily Banner on May 28, 1901, and is included below. The biographical materials also mention that William McDuffie formerly enslaved by Governor George McDuffie of South Carolina and that he \"served as a valet to the family of a prominent South Carolina politician and banker, Frank H. Elmore\".","\"He went as a drummer to the Seminole war in 1836, to the Mexican war, and to the civil war. He volunteered to go to Cuba .. . . He was a courier on the staff of Governor Mcsweeney and an honorary sergeant in a local white military company. He brought back General Pierce Butler's body from Mexico and General Bragg's back from Fredricksburg. . . . [He] beat the muffled drum at [John C.] Calhoun's funeral. He was buried ... with military honors.\"","The guide to the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection was completed in May 2023.","This collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph, a letter from Arthur Elmore to Grace Elmore, the envelope that the letter was sent in, and a transcript of the letter. The photograph depicts William \"Billy\" McDuffie, an enslaved individual that was taken to war by the Elmore family. The letter was written to update Grace Elmore on Arthur, William, and \"Cousin Ben's\" current locations, and to update her on \"Cousin Ben\" and William's recovery. Arthur also mentions the snowy weather in the letter and that he had not yet received blankets that his mother had sent him. The envelope that the letter was sent in indicates that the letter was sent from the Tudor Hall post office in Manassas, Virginia, and was received on December 8, 1861. The envelope also includes a \"DUE 10\" stamp which indicates that the postage was to be paid by the recipient of the letter.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph of William \"Billy\" McDuffie, a letter from Arthur Elmore to his sister Grace Elmore, and the envelope that it was sent in. This collection also contains a transcript of the letter.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","McDuffie, William, d. 1901?","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection"],"collection_ssim":["William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in February 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \"Billy\" Mcduffie was an enslaved person during and prior to the American Civil War. During the war, McDuffie most likely served as a cook or a body servant. Biographical materials that accompanied the collection included an excerpt from his obituary, which ran in the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAthens Daily Banner\u003c/title\u003e on May 28, 1901, and is included below. The biographical materials also mention that William McDuffie formerly enslaved by Governor George McDuffie of South Carolina and that he \"served as a valet to the family of a prominent South Carolina politician and banker, Frank H. Elmore\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"He went as a drummer to the Seminole war in 1836, to the Mexican war, and to the civil war. He volunteered to go to Cuba .. . . He was a courier on the staff of Governor Mcsweeney and an honorary sergeant in a local white military company. He brought back General Pierce Butler's body from Mexico and General Bragg's back from Fredricksburg. . . . [He] beat the muffled drum at [John C.] Calhoun's funeral. He was buried ... with military honors.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William \"Billy\" Mcduffie was an enslaved person during and prior to the American Civil War. During the war, McDuffie most likely served as a cook or a body servant. Biographical materials that accompanied the collection included an excerpt from his obituary, which ran in the Athens Daily Banner on May 28, 1901, and is included below. The biographical materials also mention that William McDuffie formerly enslaved by Governor George McDuffie of South Carolina and that he \"served as a valet to the family of a prominent South Carolina politician and banker, Frank H. Elmore\".","\"He went as a drummer to the Seminole war in 1836, to the Mexican war, and to the civil war. He volunteered to go to Cuba .. . . He was a courier on the staff of Governor Mcsweeney and an honorary sergeant in a local white military company. He brought back General Pierce Butler's body from Mexico and General Bragg's back from Fredricksburg. . . . [He] beat the muffled drum at [John C.] Calhoun's funeral. He was buried ... with military honors.\""],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection, 1861, n. d., Ms2023-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection, 1861, n. d., Ms2023-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection was completed in May 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection was completed in May 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph, a letter from Arthur Elmore to Grace Elmore, the envelope that the letter was sent in, and a transcript of the letter. The photograph depicts William \"Billy\" McDuffie, an enslaved individual that was taken to war by the Elmore family. The letter was written to update Grace Elmore on Arthur, William, and \"Cousin Ben's\" current locations, and to update her on \"Cousin Ben\" and William's recovery. Arthur also mentions the snowy weather in the letter and that he had not yet received blankets that his mother had sent him. The envelope that the letter was sent in indicates that the letter was sent from the Tudor Hall post office in Manassas, Virginia, and was received on December 8, 1861. The envelope also includes a \"DUE 10\" stamp which indicates that the postage was to be paid by the recipient of the letter.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph, a letter from Arthur Elmore to Grace Elmore, the envelope that the letter was sent in, and a transcript of the letter. The photograph depicts William \"Billy\" McDuffie, an enslaved individual that was taken to war by the Elmore family. The letter was written to update Grace Elmore on Arthur, William, and \"Cousin Ben's\" current locations, and to update her on \"Cousin Ben\" and William's recovery. Arthur also mentions the snowy weather in the letter and that he had not yet received blankets that his mother had sent him. The envelope that the letter was sent in indicates that the letter was sent from the Tudor Hall post office in Manassas, Virginia, and was received on December 8, 1861. The envelope also includes a \"DUE 10\" stamp which indicates that the postage was to be paid by the recipient of the letter."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1028b6c123ba7b9a421c85e8b0495379\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph of William \"Billy\" McDuffie, a letter from Arthur Elmore to his sister Grace Elmore, and the envelope that it was sent in. This collection also contains a transcript of the letter.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph of William \"Billy\" McDuffie, a letter from Arthur Elmore to his sister Grace Elmore, and the envelope that it was sent in. This collection also contains a transcript of the letter."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","McDuffie, William, d. 1901?"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["McDuffie, William, d. 1901?"],"persname_ssim":["McDuffie, William, d. 1901?"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:35:06.443Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4060.xml","title_filing_ssi":"McDuffie, William \"Billy\", Collection","title_ssm":["William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection"],"title_tesim":["William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1861, n. d."],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1861, n. d."],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.015"],"text":["Ms.2023.015","William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection","African Americans -- History","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865","The collection is open for research.","William \"Billy\" Mcduffie was an enslaved person during and prior to the American Civil War. During the war, McDuffie most likely served as a cook or a body servant. Biographical materials that accompanied the collection included an excerpt from his obituary, which ran in the Athens Daily Banner on May 28, 1901, and is included below. The biographical materials also mention that William McDuffie formerly enslaved by Governor George McDuffie of South Carolina and that he \"served as a valet to the family of a prominent South Carolina politician and banker, Frank H. Elmore\".","\"He went as a drummer to the Seminole war in 1836, to the Mexican war, and to the civil war. He volunteered to go to Cuba .. . . He was a courier on the staff of Governor Mcsweeney and an honorary sergeant in a local white military company. He brought back General Pierce Butler's body from Mexico and General Bragg's back from Fredricksburg. . . . [He] beat the muffled drum at [John C.] Calhoun's funeral. He was buried ... with military honors.\"","The guide to the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection was completed in May 2023.","This collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph, a letter from Arthur Elmore to Grace Elmore, the envelope that the letter was sent in, and a transcript of the letter. The photograph depicts William \"Billy\" McDuffie, an enslaved individual that was taken to war by the Elmore family. The letter was written to update Grace Elmore on Arthur, William, and \"Cousin Ben's\" current locations, and to update her on \"Cousin Ben\" and William's recovery. Arthur also mentions the snowy weather in the letter and that he had not yet received blankets that his mother had sent him. The envelope that the letter was sent in indicates that the letter was sent from the Tudor Hall post office in Manassas, Virginia, and was received on December 8, 1861. The envelope also includes a \"DUE 10\" stamp which indicates that the postage was to be paid by the recipient of the letter.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph of William \"Billy\" McDuffie, a letter from Arthur Elmore to his sister Grace Elmore, and the envelope that it was sent in. This collection also contains a transcript of the letter.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","McDuffie, William, d. 1901?","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.015"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection"],"collection_ssim":["William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in February 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Civil War","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"date_range_isim":[1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam \"Billy\" Mcduffie was an enslaved person during and prior to the American Civil War. During the war, McDuffie most likely served as a cook or a body servant. Biographical materials that accompanied the collection included an excerpt from his obituary, which ran in the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eAthens Daily Banner\u003c/title\u003e on May 28, 1901, and is included below. The biographical materials also mention that William McDuffie formerly enslaved by Governor George McDuffie of South Carolina and that he \"served as a valet to the family of a prominent South Carolina politician and banker, Frank H. Elmore\".\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"He went as a drummer to the Seminole war in 1836, to the Mexican war, and to the civil war. He volunteered to go to Cuba .. . . He was a courier on the staff of Governor Mcsweeney and an honorary sergeant in a local white military company. He brought back General Pierce Butler's body from Mexico and General Bragg's back from Fredricksburg. . . . [He] beat the muffled drum at [John C.] Calhoun's funeral. He was buried ... with military honors.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William \"Billy\" Mcduffie was an enslaved person during and prior to the American Civil War. During the war, McDuffie most likely served as a cook or a body servant. Biographical materials that accompanied the collection included an excerpt from his obituary, which ran in the Athens Daily Banner on May 28, 1901, and is included below. The biographical materials also mention that William McDuffie formerly enslaved by Governor George McDuffie of South Carolina and that he \"served as a valet to the family of a prominent South Carolina politician and banker, Frank H. Elmore\".","\"He went as a drummer to the Seminole war in 1836, to the Mexican war, and to the civil war. He volunteered to go to Cuba .. . . He was a courier on the staff of Governor Mcsweeney and an honorary sergeant in a local white military company. He brought back General Pierce Butler's body from Mexico and General Bragg's back from Fredricksburg. . . . [He] beat the muffled drum at [John C.] Calhoun's funeral. He was buried ... with military honors.\""],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection, 1861, n. d., Ms2023-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection, 1861, n. d., Ms2023-015, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection was completed in May 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William \"Billy\" McDuffie Collection was completed in May 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph, a letter from Arthur Elmore to Grace Elmore, the envelope that the letter was sent in, and a transcript of the letter. The photograph depicts William \"Billy\" McDuffie, an enslaved individual that was taken to war by the Elmore family. The letter was written to update Grace Elmore on Arthur, William, and \"Cousin Ben's\" current locations, and to update her on \"Cousin Ben\" and William's recovery. Arthur also mentions the snowy weather in the letter and that he had not yet received blankets that his mother had sent him. The envelope that the letter was sent in indicates that the letter was sent from the Tudor Hall post office in Manassas, Virginia, and was received on December 8, 1861. The envelope also includes a \"DUE 10\" stamp which indicates that the postage was to be paid by the recipient of the letter.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph, a letter from Arthur Elmore to Grace Elmore, the envelope that the letter was sent in, and a transcript of the letter. The photograph depicts William \"Billy\" McDuffie, an enslaved individual that was taken to war by the Elmore family. The letter was written to update Grace Elmore on Arthur, William, and \"Cousin Ben's\" current locations, and to update her on \"Cousin Ben\" and William's recovery. Arthur also mentions the snowy weather in the letter and that he had not yet received blankets that his mother had sent him. The envelope that the letter was sent in indicates that the letter was sent from the Tudor Hall post office in Manassas, Virginia, and was received on December 8, 1861. The envelope also includes a \"DUE 10\" stamp which indicates that the postage was to be paid by the recipient of the letter."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1028b6c123ba7b9a421c85e8b0495379\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph of William \"Billy\" McDuffie, a letter from Arthur Elmore to his sister Grace Elmore, and the envelope that it was sent in. This collection also contains a transcript of the letter.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains a Carte de Visite photograph of William \"Billy\" McDuffie, a letter from Arthur Elmore to his sister Grace Elmore, and the envelope that it was sent in. This collection also contains a transcript of the letter."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","McDuffie, William, d. 1901?"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["McDuffie, William, d. 1901?"],"persname_ssim":["McDuffie, William, d. 1901?"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":2,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:35:06.443Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4060"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William H. Collier Ledger","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Collier, William H., 1822-1906","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The collection contains a farm and household expense ledger of William H. Collier of Northampton County, North Carolina.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2446.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Collier, William H., Ledger","title_ssm":["William H. Collier Ledger"],"title_tesim":["William H. Collier Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1856-1887"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1856-1887"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.027"],"text":["Ms.2009.027","William H. Collier Ledger","African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","The collection is open for research.","William H. Collier, son of Joseph and Sarah C. Mangum Collier, was born in Northampton, North Carolina in 1822. He married Sarah Parham (1824-1857) in 1843. The couple had eight children, including Joseph H. (mentioned frequently within the ledger). Following the Sarah's death, Collier in 1860 married Elizabeth Rebecca Bonner Garner, by whom he fathered another seven children. William H. Collier died in 1906. ","Within his ledger, Collier provides the year of birth of a woman named Charity--likely an enslaved person--and the names and birth years of her children and grandchildren, including: Mary (1841), Lieuanna (1847), Henry (1849), Susan (1851), Julia (1853), Ben (1855), Sarah Ann (1857), twins Charles and Ned (1859), and George (1860). In later entries, Collier makes frequent mention of hiring and paying members of the Moody family. The 1870 census for Northampton County lists 45-year-old African American Charity Moody living with her husband, Burton and children Henry, 21; Sarah, 16; Ben, 17; and Charles and Edward, 12. No further record could be found on the Moody family. ","The guide to the William H. Collier Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing and description of the William H. Collier Ledger commenced and was completed in February 2009.","This collection consists of a ledger maintained by William H. Collier, a farmer from Northampton County, North Carolina during the latter half of the nineteenth century. Collier's ledger lists in detail his expenses--for household goods as well as farm supplies and equipment--during a 30-year period. (Although the ledger contains data for the years 1857-1860, the years 1862-1864 are lacking, and more frequent entries commence with 1866.) Many of the entries, made regularly, relate to farm labor. Recorded for both long-term and day laborers are wages, work performed, provisions issued, and wages withheld. Appearing after the names of several workers are the initials \"FM\" and \"FW,\" likely describing individuals as freedmen and freedwomen. Members of the Moody family are mentioned frequently among the laborers, as are members of the Nolley, Woodruff, Jordan, and Hodges families. Collier often used child laborers, hired from their parents or other relatives. ","Collier also lists within the ledger the amount of cotton produced on his farm as well as the amount of corn produced and sent to mill. He makes special mention of the amount of his trade in late 1865, \"after the surrender of Lee's Army\" and \"sales of cotton soald this fall after the serender of the Southern Army.\" He details his trades and purchases with various merchants in North Carolina's Halifax and Northampton counties--as well as Petersburg, Virginia--for such items as clothing, medicine, foodstuffs, and farming supplies and equipment. Also within the ledger are notations regarding Collier's account as administrator of his father's will and copies of agreements for obtaining credit against future crops and for sharecropping on his land.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains a farm and household expense ledger of William H. Collier of Northampton County, North Carolina.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moody family (Northampton County, NC)","Collier, William H., 1822-1906","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.027"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William H. Collier Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["William H. Collier Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["William H. Collier Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"creator_ssim":["Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"creators_ssim":["Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William H. Collier Ledger was purchased by Special Collections in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam H. Collier, son of Joseph and Sarah C. Mangum Collier, was born in Northampton, North Carolina in 1822. He married Sarah Parham (1824-1857) in 1843. The couple had eight children, including Joseph H. (mentioned frequently within the ledger). Following the Sarah's death, Collier in 1860 married Elizabeth Rebecca Bonner Garner, by whom he fathered another seven children. William H. Collier died in 1906. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWithin his ledger, Collier provides the year of birth of a woman named Charity--likely an enslaved person--and the names and birth years of her children and grandchildren, including: Mary (1841), Lieuanna (1847), Henry (1849), Susan (1851), Julia (1853), Ben (1855), Sarah Ann (1857), twins Charles and Ned (1859), and George (1860). In later entries, Collier makes frequent mention of hiring and paying members of the Moody family. The 1870 census for Northampton County lists 45-year-old African American Charity Moody living with her husband, Burton and children Henry, 21; Sarah, 16; Ben, 17; and Charles and Edward, 12. No further record could be found on the Moody family. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William H. Collier, son of Joseph and Sarah C. Mangum Collier, was born in Northampton, North Carolina in 1822. He married Sarah Parham (1824-1857) in 1843. The couple had eight children, including Joseph H. (mentioned frequently within the ledger). Following the Sarah's death, Collier in 1860 married Elizabeth Rebecca Bonner Garner, by whom he fathered another seven children. William H. Collier died in 1906. ","Within his ledger, Collier provides the year of birth of a woman named Charity--likely an enslaved person--and the names and birth years of her children and grandchildren, including: Mary (1841), Lieuanna (1847), Henry (1849), Susan (1851), Julia (1853), Ben (1855), Sarah Ann (1857), twins Charles and Ned (1859), and George (1860). In later entries, Collier makes frequent mention of hiring and paying members of the Moody family. The 1870 census for Northampton County lists 45-year-old African American Charity Moody living with her husband, Burton and children Henry, 21; Sarah, 16; Ben, 17; and Charles and Edward, 12. No further record could be found on the Moody family. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William H. Collier Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William H. Collier Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William H. Collier Ledger, Ms2009-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William H. Collier Ledger, Ms2009-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the William H. Collier Ledger commenced and was completed in February 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the William H. Collier Ledger commenced and was completed in February 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of a ledger maintained by William H. Collier, a farmer from Northampton County, North Carolina during the latter half of the nineteenth century. Collier's ledger lists in detail his expenses--for household goods as well as farm supplies and equipment--during a 30-year period. (Although the ledger contains data for the years 1857-1860, the years 1862-1864 are lacking, and more frequent entries commence with 1866.) Many of the entries, made regularly, relate to farm labor. Recorded for both long-term and day laborers are wages, work performed, provisions issued, and wages withheld. Appearing after the names of several workers are the initials \"FM\" and \"FW,\" likely describing individuals as freedmen and freedwomen. Members of the Moody family are mentioned frequently among the laborers, as are members of the Nolley, Woodruff, Jordan, and Hodges families. Collier often used child laborers, hired from their parents or other relatives. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCollier also lists within the ledger the amount of cotton produced on his farm as well as the amount of corn produced and sent to mill. He makes special mention of the amount of his trade in late 1865, \"after the surrender of Lee's Army\" and \"sales of cotton soald this fall after the serender of the Southern Army.\" He details his trades and purchases with various merchants in North Carolina's Halifax and Northampton counties--as well as Petersburg, Virginia--for such items as clothing, medicine, foodstuffs, and farming supplies and equipment. Also within the ledger are notations regarding Collier's account as administrator of his father's will and copies of agreements for obtaining credit against future crops and for sharecropping on his land.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of a ledger maintained by William H. Collier, a farmer from Northampton County, North Carolina during the latter half of the nineteenth century. Collier's ledger lists in detail his expenses--for household goods as well as farm supplies and equipment--during a 30-year period. (Although the ledger contains data for the years 1857-1860, the years 1862-1864 are lacking, and more frequent entries commence with 1866.) Many of the entries, made regularly, relate to farm labor. Recorded for both long-term and day laborers are wages, work performed, provisions issued, and wages withheld. Appearing after the names of several workers are the initials \"FM\" and \"FW,\" likely describing individuals as freedmen and freedwomen. Members of the Moody family are mentioned frequently among the laborers, as are members of the Nolley, Woodruff, Jordan, and Hodges families. Collier often used child laborers, hired from their parents or other relatives. ","Collier also lists within the ledger the amount of cotton produced on his farm as well as the amount of corn produced and sent to mill. He makes special mention of the amount of his trade in late 1865, \"after the surrender of Lee's Army\" and \"sales of cotton soald this fall after the serender of the Southern Army.\" He details his trades and purchases with various merchants in North Carolina's Halifax and Northampton counties--as well as Petersburg, Virginia--for such items as clothing, medicine, foodstuffs, and farming supplies and equipment. Also within the ledger are notations regarding Collier's account as administrator of his father's will and copies of agreements for obtaining credit against future crops and for sharecropping on his land."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_34a4021547bb49c955bb98e40503115b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains a farm and household expense ledger of William H. Collier of Northampton County, North Carolina.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains a farm and household expense ledger of William H. Collier of Northampton County, North Carolina."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moody family (Northampton County, NC)","Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Moody family (Northampton County, NC)"],"famname_ssim":["Moody family (Northampton County, NC)"],"persname_ssim":["Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:21:22.107Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2446.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Collier, William H., Ledger","title_ssm":["William H. Collier Ledger"],"title_tesim":["William H. Collier Ledger"],"unitdate_ssm":["1856-1887"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1856-1887"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.027"],"text":["Ms.2009.027","William H. Collier Ledger","African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","The collection is open for research.","William H. Collier, son of Joseph and Sarah C. Mangum Collier, was born in Northampton, North Carolina in 1822. He married Sarah Parham (1824-1857) in 1843. The couple had eight children, including Joseph H. (mentioned frequently within the ledger). Following the Sarah's death, Collier in 1860 married Elizabeth Rebecca Bonner Garner, by whom he fathered another seven children. William H. Collier died in 1906. ","Within his ledger, Collier provides the year of birth of a woman named Charity--likely an enslaved person--and the names and birth years of her children and grandchildren, including: Mary (1841), Lieuanna (1847), Henry (1849), Susan (1851), Julia (1853), Ben (1855), Sarah Ann (1857), twins Charles and Ned (1859), and George (1860). In later entries, Collier makes frequent mention of hiring and paying members of the Moody family. The 1870 census for Northampton County lists 45-year-old African American Charity Moody living with her husband, Burton and children Henry, 21; Sarah, 16; Ben, 17; and Charles and Edward, 12. No further record could be found on the Moody family. ","The guide to the William H. Collier Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing and description of the William H. Collier Ledger commenced and was completed in February 2009.","This collection consists of a ledger maintained by William H. Collier, a farmer from Northampton County, North Carolina during the latter half of the nineteenth century. Collier's ledger lists in detail his expenses--for household goods as well as farm supplies and equipment--during a 30-year period. (Although the ledger contains data for the years 1857-1860, the years 1862-1864 are lacking, and more frequent entries commence with 1866.) Many of the entries, made regularly, relate to farm labor. Recorded for both long-term and day laborers are wages, work performed, provisions issued, and wages withheld. Appearing after the names of several workers are the initials \"FM\" and \"FW,\" likely describing individuals as freedmen and freedwomen. Members of the Moody family are mentioned frequently among the laborers, as are members of the Nolley, Woodruff, Jordan, and Hodges families. Collier often used child laborers, hired from their parents or other relatives. ","Collier also lists within the ledger the amount of cotton produced on his farm as well as the amount of corn produced and sent to mill. He makes special mention of the amount of his trade in late 1865, \"after the surrender of Lee's Army\" and \"sales of cotton soald this fall after the serender of the Southern Army.\" He details his trades and purchases with various merchants in North Carolina's Halifax and Northampton counties--as well as Petersburg, Virginia--for such items as clothing, medicine, foodstuffs, and farming supplies and equipment. Also within the ledger are notations regarding Collier's account as administrator of his father's will and copies of agreements for obtaining credit against future crops and for sharecropping on his land.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The collection contains a farm and household expense ledger of William H. Collier of Northampton County, North Carolina.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moody family (Northampton County, NC)","Collier, William H., 1822-1906","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.027"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William H. Collier Ledger"],"collection_title_tesim":["William H. Collier Ledger"],"collection_ssim":["William H. Collier Ledger"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"creator_ssim":["Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"creators_ssim":["Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William H. Collier Ledger was purchased by Special Collections in 2009."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilliam H. Collier, son of Joseph and Sarah C. Mangum Collier, was born in Northampton, North Carolina in 1822. He married Sarah Parham (1824-1857) in 1843. The couple had eight children, including Joseph H. (mentioned frequently within the ledger). Following the Sarah's death, Collier in 1860 married Elizabeth Rebecca Bonner Garner, by whom he fathered another seven children. William H. Collier died in 1906. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWithin his ledger, Collier provides the year of birth of a woman named Charity--likely an enslaved person--and the names and birth years of her children and grandchildren, including: Mary (1841), Lieuanna (1847), Henry (1849), Susan (1851), Julia (1853), Ben (1855), Sarah Ann (1857), twins Charles and Ned (1859), and George (1860). In later entries, Collier makes frequent mention of hiring and paying members of the Moody family. The 1870 census for Northampton County lists 45-year-old African American Charity Moody living with her husband, Burton and children Henry, 21; Sarah, 16; Ben, 17; and Charles and Edward, 12. No further record could be found on the Moody family. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["William H. Collier, son of Joseph and Sarah C. Mangum Collier, was born in Northampton, North Carolina in 1822. He married Sarah Parham (1824-1857) in 1843. The couple had eight children, including Joseph H. (mentioned frequently within the ledger). Following the Sarah's death, Collier in 1860 married Elizabeth Rebecca Bonner Garner, by whom he fathered another seven children. William H. Collier died in 1906. ","Within his ledger, Collier provides the year of birth of a woman named Charity--likely an enslaved person--and the names and birth years of her children and grandchildren, including: Mary (1841), Lieuanna (1847), Henry (1849), Susan (1851), Julia (1853), Ben (1855), Sarah Ann (1857), twins Charles and Ned (1859), and George (1860). In later entries, Collier makes frequent mention of hiring and paying members of the Moody family. The 1870 census for Northampton County lists 45-year-old African American Charity Moody living with her husband, Burton and children Henry, 21; Sarah, 16; Ben, 17; and Charles and Edward, 12. No further record could be found on the Moody family. "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William H. Collier Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William H. Collier Ledger by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William H. Collier Ledger, Ms2009-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William H. Collier Ledger, Ms2009-027, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing and description of the William H. Collier Ledger commenced and was completed in February 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing and description of the William H. Collier Ledger commenced and was completed in February 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of a ledger maintained by William H. Collier, a farmer from Northampton County, North Carolina during the latter half of the nineteenth century. Collier's ledger lists in detail his expenses--for household goods as well as farm supplies and equipment--during a 30-year period. (Although the ledger contains data for the years 1857-1860, the years 1862-1864 are lacking, and more frequent entries commence with 1866.) Many of the entries, made regularly, relate to farm labor. Recorded for both long-term and day laborers are wages, work performed, provisions issued, and wages withheld. Appearing after the names of several workers are the initials \"FM\" and \"FW,\" likely describing individuals as freedmen and freedwomen. Members of the Moody family are mentioned frequently among the laborers, as are members of the Nolley, Woodruff, Jordan, and Hodges families. Collier often used child laborers, hired from their parents or other relatives. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eCollier also lists within the ledger the amount of cotton produced on his farm as well as the amount of corn produced and sent to mill. He makes special mention of the amount of his trade in late 1865, \"after the surrender of Lee's Army\" and \"sales of cotton soald this fall after the serender of the Southern Army.\" He details his trades and purchases with various merchants in North Carolina's Halifax and Northampton counties--as well as Petersburg, Virginia--for such items as clothing, medicine, foodstuffs, and farming supplies and equipment. Also within the ledger are notations regarding Collier's account as administrator of his father's will and copies of agreements for obtaining credit against future crops and for sharecropping on his land.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of a ledger maintained by William H. Collier, a farmer from Northampton County, North Carolina during the latter half of the nineteenth century. Collier's ledger lists in detail his expenses--for household goods as well as farm supplies and equipment--during a 30-year period. (Although the ledger contains data for the years 1857-1860, the years 1862-1864 are lacking, and more frequent entries commence with 1866.) Many of the entries, made regularly, relate to farm labor. Recorded for both long-term and day laborers are wages, work performed, provisions issued, and wages withheld. Appearing after the names of several workers are the initials \"FM\" and \"FW,\" likely describing individuals as freedmen and freedwomen. Members of the Moody family are mentioned frequently among the laborers, as are members of the Nolley, Woodruff, Jordan, and Hodges families. Collier often used child laborers, hired from their parents or other relatives. ","Collier also lists within the ledger the amount of cotton produced on his farm as well as the amount of corn produced and sent to mill. He makes special mention of the amount of his trade in late 1865, \"after the surrender of Lee's Army\" and \"sales of cotton soald this fall after the serender of the Southern Army.\" He details his trades and purchases with various merchants in North Carolina's Halifax and Northampton counties--as well as Petersburg, Virginia--for such items as clothing, medicine, foodstuffs, and farming supplies and equipment. Also within the ledger are notations regarding Collier's account as administrator of his father's will and copies of agreements for obtaining credit against future crops and for sharecropping on his land."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_34a4021547bb49c955bb98e40503115b\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe collection contains a farm and household expense ledger of William H. Collier of Northampton County, North Carolina.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The collection contains a farm and household expense ledger of William H. Collier of Northampton County, North Carolina."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Moody family (Northampton County, NC)","Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Moody family (Northampton County, NC)"],"famname_ssim":["Moody family (Northampton County, NC)"],"persname_ssim":["Collier, William H., 1822-1906"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:21:22.107Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2446"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Hite, William R., Jr.","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. Hite played football at Varina and Virginia Tech, from which he earned a bachelor's and PhD in education in 1985 and 1998, respectively. He later became a principal and superintedent throughout the Mid-Atlantic United States.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4179.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hite, William R., Jr., Scrapbook","title_ssm":["William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook"],"title_tesim":["William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook"],"unitdate_ssm":["1977-1979"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1977-1979"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.123"],"text":["Ms.2023.123","William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook","African Americans -- History","Football","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History","Scrapbooks","The collection is open for research.","Dr. William R. (also Bill or Billy) Hite, Jr., played football at Varina High School in Henrico County, Virginia, and was a high school All-American. He lettered in football at Virginia Tech in 1979, 1980, 1981, and 1982. He earned his bachelor in science in marketing education in 1984 and a education specialist PhD in 1998, both from Virginia Tech. He also holds a master's in educational leadership from the University of Virginia. ","Hite went on to become a pricincipal in Henrico County public schools, superintendent of the School District of Philadelphia from 2012 to 2022, president and CEO of KnowledgeWorks, and the inaugural superintendent in residence and executive fellow at The Broad Center at Yale School of Management for 2022-2023.","External sources:","University Alumni Directories, 1985-2000","\"Philadelphia Schools Superintendent Dr. William Hite Named First Superintendent in Residence and Executive Fellow at The Broad Center at Yale SOM\", The Broad Center at Yale School of Management, February 9, 2022, https://som.yale.edu/story/2022/philadelphia-schools-superintendent-dr-william-hite-named-first-superintendent-residence , accessed October 30, 2023.","\"William Hite, EdD, CEO and President\", KnowledgeWorks, https://knowledgeworks.org/team-member/william-hite-edd/ , accessed October 30, 2023.","The guide to the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook was completed in October 2023.","This collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. The scrapbook contains notes, calling cards, and photos from his friends, family, and teachers. Newspaper articles discuss Hite as a football player for the school and his recruitment to play football at Virginia Tech, and the scrapbook also includes tickets from sporting and entertainment events.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. Hite played football at Varina and Virginia Tech, from which he earned a bachelor's and PhD in education in 1985 and 1998, respectively. He later became a principal and superintedent throughout the Mid-Atlantic United States.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Tech Hokies (Football team)","Hite, William R., Jr.","The materials in this collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.123"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook"],"collection_title_tesim":["William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook"],"collection_ssim":["William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hite, William R., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Hite, William R., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hite, William R., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Hite, William R., Jr."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in February 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Football","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Football","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1977,1978,1979],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. William R. (also Bill or Billy) Hite, Jr., played football at Varina High School in Henrico County, Virginia, and was a high school All-American. He lettered in football at Virginia Tech in 1979, 1980, 1981, and 1982. He earned his bachelor in science in marketing education in 1984 and a education specialist PhD in 1998, both from Virginia Tech. He also holds a master's in educational leadership from the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHite went on to become a pricincipal in Henrico County public schools, superintendent of the School District of Philadelphia from 2012 to 2022, president and CEO of KnowledgeWorks, and the inaugural superintendent in residence and executive fellow at The Broad Center at Yale School of Management for 2022-2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUniversity Alumni Directories, 1985-2000\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Philadelphia Schools Superintendent Dr. William Hite Named First Superintendent in Residence and Executive Fellow at The Broad Center at Yale SOM\", The Broad Center at Yale School of Management, February 9, 2022, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://som.yale.edu/story/2022/philadelphia-schools-superintendent-dr-william-hite-named-first-superintendent-residence\"\u003ehttps://som.yale.edu/story/2022/philadelphia-schools-superintendent-dr-william-hite-named-first-superintendent-residence\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 30, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"William Hite, EdD, CEO and President\", KnowledgeWorks, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://knowledgeworks.org/team-member/william-hite-edd/\"\u003ehttps://knowledgeworks.org/team-member/william-hite-edd/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 30, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. William R. (also Bill or Billy) Hite, Jr., played football at Varina High School in Henrico County, Virginia, and was a high school All-American. He lettered in football at Virginia Tech in 1979, 1980, 1981, and 1982. He earned his bachelor in science in marketing education in 1984 and a education specialist PhD in 1998, both from Virginia Tech. He also holds a master's in educational leadership from the University of Virginia. ","Hite went on to become a pricincipal in Henrico County public schools, superintendent of the School District of Philadelphia from 2012 to 2022, president and CEO of KnowledgeWorks, and the inaugural superintendent in residence and executive fellow at The Broad Center at Yale School of Management for 2022-2023.","External sources:","University Alumni Directories, 1985-2000","\"Philadelphia Schools Superintendent Dr. William Hite Named First Superintendent in Residence and Executive Fellow at The Broad Center at Yale SOM\", The Broad Center at Yale School of Management, February 9, 2022, https://som.yale.edu/story/2022/philadelphia-schools-superintendent-dr-william-hite-named-first-superintendent-residence , accessed October 30, 2023.","\"William Hite, EdD, CEO and President\", KnowledgeWorks, https://knowledgeworks.org/team-member/william-hite-edd/ , accessed October 30, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook, 1977-1979, Ms2023-123, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook, 1977-1979, Ms2023-123, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook was completed in October 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook was completed in October 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. The scrapbook contains notes, calling cards, and photos from his friends, family, and teachers. Newspaper articles discuss Hite as a football player for the school and his recruitment to play football at Virginia Tech, and the scrapbook also includes tickets from sporting and entertainment events.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. The scrapbook contains notes, calling cards, and photos from his friends, family, and teachers. Newspaper articles discuss Hite as a football player for the school and his recruitment to play football at Virginia Tech, and the scrapbook also includes tickets from sporting and entertainment events."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_080b5c4a9cd36c3cd35d5a73d155d5ef\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. Hite played football at Varina and Virginia Tech, from which he earned a bachelor's and PhD in education in 1985 and 1998, respectively. He later became a principal and superintedent throughout the Mid-Atlantic United States.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. Hite played football at Varina and Virginia Tech, from which he earned a bachelor's and PhD in education in 1985 and 1998, respectively. He later became a principal and superintedent throughout the Mid-Atlantic United States."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Tech Hokies (Football team)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Tech Hokies (Football team)","Hite, William R., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Tech Hokies (Football team)"],"persname_ssim":["Hite, William R., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:13.179Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4179.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hite, William R., Jr., Scrapbook","title_ssm":["William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook"],"title_tesim":["William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook"],"unitdate_ssm":["1977-1979"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1977-1979"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.123"],"text":["Ms.2023.123","William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook","African Americans -- History","Football","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History","Scrapbooks","The collection is open for research.","Dr. William R. (also Bill or Billy) Hite, Jr., played football at Varina High School in Henrico County, Virginia, and was a high school All-American. He lettered in football at Virginia Tech in 1979, 1980, 1981, and 1982. He earned his bachelor in science in marketing education in 1984 and a education specialist PhD in 1998, both from Virginia Tech. He also holds a master's in educational leadership from the University of Virginia. ","Hite went on to become a pricincipal in Henrico County public schools, superintendent of the School District of Philadelphia from 2012 to 2022, president and CEO of KnowledgeWorks, and the inaugural superintendent in residence and executive fellow at The Broad Center at Yale School of Management for 2022-2023.","External sources:","University Alumni Directories, 1985-2000","\"Philadelphia Schools Superintendent Dr. William Hite Named First Superintendent in Residence and Executive Fellow at The Broad Center at Yale SOM\", The Broad Center at Yale School of Management, February 9, 2022, https://som.yale.edu/story/2022/philadelphia-schools-superintendent-dr-william-hite-named-first-superintendent-residence , accessed October 30, 2023.","\"William Hite, EdD, CEO and President\", KnowledgeWorks, https://knowledgeworks.org/team-member/william-hite-edd/ , accessed October 30, 2023.","The guide to the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook was completed in October 2023.","This collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. The scrapbook contains notes, calling cards, and photos from his friends, family, and teachers. Newspaper articles discuss Hite as a football player for the school and his recruitment to play football at Virginia Tech, and the scrapbook also includes tickets from sporting and entertainment events.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. Hite played football at Varina and Virginia Tech, from which he earned a bachelor's and PhD in education in 1985 and 1998, respectively. He later became a principal and superintedent throughout the Mid-Atlantic United States.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Tech Hokies (Football team)","Hite, William R., Jr.","The materials in this collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.123"],"normalized_title_ssm":["William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook"],"collection_title_tesim":["William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook"],"collection_ssim":["William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Hite, William R., Jr."],"creator_ssim":["Hite, William R., Jr."],"creator_persname_ssim":["Hite, William R., Jr."],"creators_ssim":["Hite, William R., Jr."],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in February 2016."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Football","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History","Scrapbooks"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Football","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Students and alumni","University History","Scrapbooks"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Scrapbooks"],"date_range_isim":[1977,1978,1979],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDr. William R. (also Bill or Billy) Hite, Jr., played football at Varina High School in Henrico County, Virginia, and was a high school All-American. He lettered in football at Virginia Tech in 1979, 1980, 1981, and 1982. He earned his bachelor in science in marketing education in 1984 and a education specialist PhD in 1998, both from Virginia Tech. He also holds a master's in educational leadership from the University of Virginia. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHite went on to become a pricincipal in Henrico County public schools, superintendent of the School District of Philadelphia from 2012 to 2022, president and CEO of KnowledgeWorks, and the inaugural superintendent in residence and executive fellow at The Broad Center at Yale School of Management for 2022-2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUniversity Alumni Directories, 1985-2000\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Philadelphia Schools Superintendent Dr. William Hite Named First Superintendent in Residence and Executive Fellow at The Broad Center at Yale SOM\", The Broad Center at Yale School of Management, February 9, 2022, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://som.yale.edu/story/2022/philadelphia-schools-superintendent-dr-william-hite-named-first-superintendent-residence\"\u003ehttps://som.yale.edu/story/2022/philadelphia-schools-superintendent-dr-william-hite-named-first-superintendent-residence\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 30, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"William Hite, EdD, CEO and President\", KnowledgeWorks, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://knowledgeworks.org/team-member/william-hite-edd/\"\u003ehttps://knowledgeworks.org/team-member/william-hite-edd/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed October 30, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Dr. William R. (also Bill or Billy) Hite, Jr., played football at Varina High School in Henrico County, Virginia, and was a high school All-American. He lettered in football at Virginia Tech in 1979, 1980, 1981, and 1982. He earned his bachelor in science in marketing education in 1984 and a education specialist PhD in 1998, both from Virginia Tech. He also holds a master's in educational leadership from the University of Virginia. ","Hite went on to become a pricincipal in Henrico County public schools, superintendent of the School District of Philadelphia from 2012 to 2022, president and CEO of KnowledgeWorks, and the inaugural superintendent in residence and executive fellow at The Broad Center at Yale School of Management for 2022-2023.","External sources:","University Alumni Directories, 1985-2000","\"Philadelphia Schools Superintendent Dr. William Hite Named First Superintendent in Residence and Executive Fellow at The Broad Center at Yale SOM\", The Broad Center at Yale School of Management, February 9, 2022, https://som.yale.edu/story/2022/philadelphia-schools-superintendent-dr-william-hite-named-first-superintendent-residence , accessed October 30, 2023.","\"William Hite, EdD, CEO and President\", KnowledgeWorks, https://knowledgeworks.org/team-member/william-hite-edd/ , accessed October 30, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook, 1977-1979, Ms2023-123, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook, 1977-1979, Ms2023-123, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook was completed in October 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the William R. Hite, Jr., Scrapbook was completed in October 2023."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. The scrapbook contains notes, calling cards, and photos from his friends, family, and teachers. Newspaper articles discuss Hite as a football player for the school and his recruitment to play football at Virginia Tech, and the scrapbook also includes tickets from sporting and entertainment events.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. The scrapbook contains notes, calling cards, and photos from his friends, family, and teachers. Newspaper articles discuss Hite as a football player for the school and his recruitment to play football at Virginia Tech, and the scrapbook also includes tickets from sporting and entertainment events."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_080b5c4a9cd36c3cd35d5a73d155d5ef\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. Hite played football at Varina and Virginia Tech, from which he earned a bachelor's and PhD in education in 1985 and 1998, respectively. He later became a principal and superintedent throughout the Mid-Atlantic United States.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the scrapbook of William R. \"Billy\" Hite, Jr., when he was a senior at Varina High School in Richmond, Virginia. Hite played football at Varina and Virginia Tech, from which he earned a bachelor's and PhD in education in 1985 and 1998, respectively. He later became a principal and superintedent throughout the Mid-Atlantic United States."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Tech Hokies (Football team)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Tech Hokies (Football team)","Hite, William R., Jr."],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Tech Hokies (Football team)"],"persname_ssim":["Hite, William R., Jr."],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:15:13.179Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4179"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Wilse Frazier Memoir","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Gregory, Helen","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains a memoir written by Robert Schmidt Fulghum and Helen Caulfield Madine Gregory titled, \"Wilse Frazier: Remembrances of a Former Slave.\" The memoir details the later years of Mr. Frazier's life as he worked at \"The Woodlands,\" a former plantation near Clopper, Maryland.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2537.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Frazier, Wilse, Memoir","title_ssm":["Wilse Frazier Memoir"],"title_tesim":["Wilse Frazier Memoir"],"unitdate_ssm":["2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.118"],"text":["Ms.2009.118","Wilse Frazier Memoir","African Americans -- History","Biographies (literary works)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type.","Wilse Frazier was born an enslaved person around 1840 and worked for the majority of the later years of his life on the former plantation \"The Woodlands\" near Clopper, Maryland. 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In addition to the four pages of text, this memoir contains color photocopies of pictures and a bibliography.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains a memoir written by Robert Schmidt Fulghum and Helen Caulfield Madine Gregory titled, \"Wilse Frazier: Remembrances of a Former Slave.\" The memoir details the later years of Mr. Frazier's life as he worked at \"The Woodlands,\" a former plantation near Clopper, Maryland.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert","Frazier, Wilse, c.1840-1949","The material in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.118"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilse Frazier Memoir"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wilse Frazier Memoir"],"collection_ssim":["Wilse Frazier Memoir"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert"],"creator_ssim":["Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert"],"creators_ssim":["Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Wilse Frazier Memoir was donated to Special Collections in 2001."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Biographies (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Biographies (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Biographies (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access "],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilse Frazier was born an enslaved person around 1840 and worked for the majority of the later years of his life on the former plantation \"The Woodlands\" near Clopper, Maryland. 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"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Wilse Frazier Memoir by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Wilse Frazier Memoir by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wilse Frazier Memoir, Ms2009-118, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wilse Frazier Memoir, Ms2009-118, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilse Frazier Memoir commenced and was completed in August 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilse Frazier Memoir commenced and was completed in August 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a memoir written by Robert Schmidt Fulghum and Helen Caulfield Madine Gregory titled, \"Wilse Frazier: Remembrances of a Former Slave.\" The memoir details the later years of Mr. Frazier's life as he worked at \"The Woodlands,\" a former plantation near Clopper, Maryland. The memoir also describes the authors' relationships with Wilse Frazier, as well as Frazier's daily routine. In addition to the four pages of text, this memoir contains color photocopies of pictures and a bibliography.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains a memoir written by Robert Schmidt Fulghum and Helen Caulfield Madine Gregory titled, \"Wilse Frazier: Remembrances of a Former Slave.\" The memoir details the later years of Mr. Frazier's life as he worked at \"The Woodlands,\" a former plantation near Clopper, Maryland. The memoir also describes the authors' relationships with Wilse Frazier, as well as Frazier's daily routine. In addition to the four pages of text, this memoir contains color photocopies of pictures and a bibliography."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cf79d85b8f811f99edbf5c72a10c96b9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains a memoir written by Robert Schmidt Fulghum and Helen Caulfield Madine Gregory titled, \"Wilse Frazier: Remembrances of a Former Slave.\" The memoir details the later years of Mr. Frazier's life as he worked at \"The Woodlands,\" a former plantation near Clopper, Maryland.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains a memoir written by Robert Schmidt Fulghum and Helen Caulfield Madine Gregory titled, \"Wilse Frazier: Remembrances of a Former Slave.\" The memoir details the later years of Mr. Frazier's life as he worked at \"The Woodlands,\" a former plantation near Clopper, Maryland."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert","Frazier, Wilse, c.1840-1949"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Frazier, Wilse, c.1840-1949"],"persname_ssim":["Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert","Frazier, Wilse, c.1840-1949"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:09:02.779Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2537.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Frazier, Wilse, Memoir","title_ssm":["Wilse Frazier Memoir"],"title_tesim":["Wilse Frazier Memoir"],"unitdate_ssm":["2000"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2009.118"],"text":["Ms.2009.118","Wilse Frazier Memoir","African Americans -- History","Biographies (literary works)","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by material type.","Wilse Frazier was born an enslaved person around 1840 and worked for the majority of the later years of his life on the former plantation \"The Woodlands\" near Clopper, Maryland. 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In addition to the four pages of text, this memoir contains color photocopies of pictures and a bibliography.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains a memoir written by Robert Schmidt Fulghum and Helen Caulfield Madine Gregory titled, \"Wilse Frazier: Remembrances of a Former Slave.\" The memoir details the later years of Mr. Frazier's life as he worked at \"The Woodlands,\" a former plantation near Clopper, Maryland.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert","Frazier, Wilse, c.1840-1949","The material in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2009.118"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Wilse Frazier Memoir"],"collection_title_tesim":["Wilse Frazier Memoir"],"collection_ssim":["Wilse Frazier Memoir"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert"],"creator_ssim":["Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert"],"creators_ssim":["Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Wilse Frazier Memoir was donated to Special Collections in 2001."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Biographies (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Biographies (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"extent_tesim":["0.1 Cubic Feet 1 folder"],"genreform_ssim":["Biographies (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access "],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by material type.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by material type."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilse Frazier was born an enslaved person around 1840 and worked for the majority of the later years of his life on the former plantation \"The Woodlands\" near Clopper, Maryland. 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"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Wilse Frazier Memoir by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Wilse Frazier Memoir by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wilse Frazier Memoir, Ms2009-118, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Wilse Frazier Memoir, Ms2009-118, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilse Frazier Memoir commenced and was completed in August 2009.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Wilse Frazier Memoir commenced and was completed in August 2009."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains a memoir written by Robert Schmidt Fulghum and Helen Caulfield Madine Gregory titled, \"Wilse Frazier: Remembrances of a Former Slave.\" The memoir details the later years of Mr. Frazier's life as he worked at \"The Woodlands,\" a former plantation near Clopper, Maryland. 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Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. 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Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_cf79d85b8f811f99edbf5c72a10c96b9\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains a memoir written by Robert Schmidt Fulghum and Helen Caulfield Madine Gregory titled, \"Wilse Frazier: Remembrances of a Former Slave.\" The memoir details the later years of Mr. Frazier's life as he worked at \"The Woodlands,\" a former plantation near Clopper, Maryland.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains a memoir written by Robert Schmidt Fulghum and Helen Caulfield Madine Gregory titled, \"Wilse Frazier: Remembrances of a Former Slave.\" The memoir details the later years of Mr. Frazier's life as he worked at \"The Woodlands,\" a former plantation near Clopper, Maryland."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert","Frazier, Wilse, c.1840-1949"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech"],"names_coll_ssim":["Frazier, Wilse, c.1840-1949"],"persname_ssim":["Gregory, Helen","Fulgham, Robert","Frazier, Wilse, c.1840-1949"],"language_ssim":["The material in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:09:02.779Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2537"}},{"id":"vi_vi02499","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02499#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02499#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eWinchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02499#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02499","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02499","_root_":"vi_vi02499","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02499","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02499.xml","title_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)"],"title_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1005948-1005953, 1005956-1005961, 1005964-1005969, 1005972-1005977, 1005980-1005985, 1005988-1005993, 1005997-1006002, 1006004-1006009, 1006012-1006017, 1006020-1006025, 1006028-1006033, 1006036-1006041, 1006043-1006052, 1006055-1006060, 1006062-1006069, 1006072-1006078, 1096751-1096778 circa, 1096759, 1096767, 1189585\n"],"text":["1005948-1005953, 1005956-1005961, 1005964-1005969, 1005972-1005977, 1005980-1005985, 1005988-1005993, 1005997-1006002, 1006004-1006009, 1006012-1006017, 1006020-1006025, 1006028-1006033, 1006036-1006041, 1006043-1006052, 1006055-1006060, 1006062-1006069, 1006072-1006078, 1096751-1096778 circa, 1096759, 1096767, 1189585\n","Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)","African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slavery -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaves -- Virginia -- Winchester","Deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester","Land records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Local government records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester","104 boxes and 5 volumes","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological. \n","The City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester. According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England. Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874. \n","Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for Winchester can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Winchester Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Winchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","This collection also includes Daily Index of Deeds for Recordation, 1902-1915 circa and General index to Deeds, 1789-1887 and 1912-1932.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1005948-1005953, 1005956-1005961, 1005964-1005969, 1005972-1005977, 1005980-1005985, 1005988-1005993, 1005997-1006002, 1006004-1006009, 1006012-1006017, 1006020-1006025, 1006028-1006033, 1006036-1006041, 1006043-1006052, 1006055-1006060, 1006062-1006069, 1006072-1006078, 1096751-1096778 circa, 1096759, 1096767, 1189585\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)"],"collection_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from the city of Winchester.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slavery -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaves -- Virginia -- Winchester","Deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester","Land records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Local government records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slavery -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaves -- Virginia -- Winchester","Deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester","Land records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Local government records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["104 boxes and 5 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester. According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England. Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester. According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England. Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874. \n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979). Local government records collection, Winchester (City) Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979). Local government records collection, Winchester (City) Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219. \n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDeed Books and Indices to Deeds for Winchester can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA840\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Winchester Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA840\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for Winchester can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Winchester Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection also includes Daily Index of Deeds for Recordation, 1902-1915 circa and General index to Deeds, 1789-1887 and 1912-1932.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","This collection also includes Daily Index of Deeds for Recordation, 1902-1915 circa and General index to Deeds, 1789-1887 and 1912-1932.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:38:55.545Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02499","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02499","_root_":"vi_vi02499","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02499","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02499.xml","title_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)"],"title_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1005948-1005953, 1005956-1005961, 1005964-1005969, 1005972-1005977, 1005980-1005985, 1005988-1005993, 1005997-1006002, 1006004-1006009, 1006012-1006017, 1006020-1006025, 1006028-1006033, 1006036-1006041, 1006043-1006052, 1006055-1006060, 1006062-1006069, 1006072-1006078, 1096751-1096778 circa, 1096759, 1096767, 1189585\n"],"text":["1005948-1005953, 1005956-1005961, 1005964-1005969, 1005972-1005977, 1005980-1005985, 1005988-1005993, 1005997-1006002, 1006004-1006009, 1006012-1006017, 1006020-1006025, 1006028-1006033, 1006036-1006041, 1006043-1006052, 1006055-1006060, 1006062-1006069, 1006072-1006078, 1096751-1096778 circa, 1096759, 1096767, 1189585\n","Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)","African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slavery -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaves -- Virginia -- Winchester","Deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester","Land records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Local government records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester","104 boxes and 5 volumes","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological. \n","The City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester. According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England. Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874. \n","Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for Winchester can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Winchester Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Winchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","This collection also includes Daily Index of Deeds for Recordation, 1902-1915 circa and General index to Deeds, 1789-1887 and 1912-1932.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n","Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1005948-1005953, 1005956-1005961, 1005964-1005969, 1005972-1005977, 1005980-1005985, 1005988-1005993, 1005997-1006002, 1006004-1006009, 1006012-1006017, 1006020-1006025, 1006028-1006033, 1006036-1006041, 1006043-1006052, 1006055-1006060, 1006062-1006069, 1006072-1006078, 1096751-1096778 circa, 1096759, 1096767, 1189585\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)"],"collection_title_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)"],"collection_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, \n1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in transfers of court papers from the city of Winchester.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slavery -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaves -- Virginia -- Winchester","Deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester","Land records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Local government records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slavery -- Virginia -- Winchester","Slaves -- Virginia -- Winchester","Deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester","Land records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Local government records -- Virginia -- Winchester","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- Winchester"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["104 boxes and 5 volumes"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological. \n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester. According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England. Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["The City of Winchester, in Frederick County, was first known as Opequon, then as Frederick's Town (or Fredericktown), and, finally, upon establishment as a town in 1752, as Winchester. According to tradition, one of the town's founders, James Wood, named the town in honor of his birthplace in England. Winchester was incorporated as a town in 1779 and as a city in 1874. \n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979). Local government records collection, Winchester (City) Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979). Local government records collection, Winchester (City) Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219. \n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDeed Books and Indices to Deeds for Winchester can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA840\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional Winchester Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA840\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for Winchester can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional Winchester Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWinchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis collection also includes Daily Index of Deeds for Recordation, 1902-1915 circa and General index to Deeds, 1789-1887 and 1912-1932.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["Winchester (Va.) Deeds, 1785-1979 (bulk 1900-1979) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","This collection also includes Daily Index of Deeds for Recordation, 1902-1915 circa and General index to Deeds, 1789-1887 and 1912-1932.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eState Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["State Records Center - Archives Annex, Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["Winchester (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:38:55.545Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02499"}},{"id":"vi_vi02631","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02631#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02631#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02631#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02631","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02631","_root_":"vi_vi02631","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02631","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02631.xml","title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859"],"title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1156325-1156326\n"],"text":["1156325-1156326\n","York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859","African Americans -- History","Assault and battery -- Virginia -- York County","Crime -- Virginia -- York County","Criminals -- Virginia -- York County","Larceny -- Virginia -- York County","Libel and slander -- Virginia -- York County","Murder -- Virginia -- York County","Rape -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Tax evasion -- Virginia -- York County","Indictments -- Virginia -- York County","Summons -- Virginia -- York County","Verdicts -- Virginia -- York County","Warrants (Law) -- Virginia -- York County","0.90 cu. ft. (2 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological\n","York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n","Additional court records for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional York County criminal records may be found at the York County Courthouse and the Library of Virginia.\n","York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n","Warrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n","Summonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n","An indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n","Verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","York County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1156325-1156326\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859"],"collection_title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859"],"collection_ssim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from York County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Assault and battery -- Virginia -- York County","Crime -- Virginia -- York County","Criminals -- Virginia -- York County","Larceny -- Virginia -- York County","Libel and slander -- Virginia -- York County","Murder -- Virginia -- York County","Rape -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Tax evasion -- Virginia -- York County","Indictments -- Virginia -- York County","Summons -- Virginia -- York County","Verdicts -- Virginia -- York County","Warrants (Law) -- Virginia -- York County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Assault and battery -- Virginia -- York County","Crime -- Virginia -- York County","Criminals -- Virginia -- York County","Larceny -- Virginia -- York County","Libel and slander -- Virginia -- York County","Murder -- Virginia -- York County","Rape -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Tax evasion -- Virginia -- York County","Indictments -- Virginia -- York County","Summons -- Virginia -- York County","Verdicts -- Virginia -- York County","Warrants (Law) -- Virginia -- York County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["0.90 cu. ft. (2 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859. Local government records collection, York County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859. Local government records collection, York County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional court records for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA307\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional York County criminal records may be found at the York County Courthouse and the Library of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional court records for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional York County criminal records may be found at the York County Courthouse and the Library of Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWarrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSummonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVerdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n","Warrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n","Summonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n","An indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n","Verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:26:17.025Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02631","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02631","_root_":"vi_vi02631","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02631","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02631.xml","title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859"],"title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1156325-1156326\n"],"text":["1156325-1156326\n","York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859","African Americans -- History","Assault and battery -- Virginia -- York County","Crime -- Virginia -- York County","Criminals -- Virginia -- York County","Larceny -- Virginia -- York County","Libel and slander -- Virginia -- York County","Murder -- Virginia -- York County","Rape -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Tax evasion -- Virginia -- York County","Indictments -- Virginia -- York County","Summons -- Virginia -- York County","Verdicts -- Virginia -- York County","Warrants (Law) -- Virginia -- York County","0.90 cu. ft. (2 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological\n","York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n","Additional court records for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional York County criminal records may be found at the York County Courthouse and the Library of Virginia.\n","York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n","Warrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n","Summonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n","An indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n","Verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death. \n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","York County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1156325-1156326\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859"],"collection_title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859"],"collection_ssim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, \n1778-1859"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from York County.\n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Assault and battery -- Virginia -- York County","Crime -- Virginia -- York County","Criminals -- Virginia -- York County","Larceny -- Virginia -- York County","Libel and slander -- Virginia -- York County","Murder -- Virginia -- York County","Rape -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Tax evasion -- Virginia -- York County","Indictments -- Virginia -- York County","Summons -- Virginia -- York County","Verdicts -- Virginia -- York County","Warrants (Law) -- Virginia -- York County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Assault and battery -- Virginia -- York County","Crime -- Virginia -- York County","Criminals -- Virginia -- York County","Larceny -- Virginia -- York County","Libel and slander -- Virginia -- York County","Murder -- Virginia -- York County","Rape -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Tax evasion -- Virginia -- York County","Indictments -- Virginia -- York County","Summons -- Virginia -- York County","Verdicts -- Virginia -- York County","Warrants (Law) -- Virginia -- York County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["0.90 cu. ft. (2 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859. Local government records collection, York County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859. Local government records collection, York County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219.\n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional court records for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA307\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional York County criminal records may be found at the York County Courthouse and the Library of Virginia.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional court records for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional York County criminal records may be found at the York County Courthouse and the Library of Virginia.\n"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWarrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSummonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVerdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["York County (Va.) Criminal Causes, 1778-1859 are criminal court cases and consist primarily of warrants, summons, indictments, and verdicts handed down by grand juries and other legal authorities in order to prosecute individuals who violated the penal code. These offenses ranged in severity from murder, rape, assault and battery, and larceny to tax evasion and slander. Criminal offenders and victims who appear in cases prior to the abolition of slavery in Virginia in 1865 included both free and enslaved persons.\n","Warrants were issued by grand juries, judges, and justices of the peace directing law enforcement officials to either arrest and imprison a person suspected of having committed a crime or to cause an individual to appear in court to answer accusations made against them. Peace warrants directing an offender to \"keep the peace of the Commonwealth\" or to restrain from any violent acts are commonly found in assault and battery cases.\n","Summonses were used to call a suspected person to appear in court. A summons could also be issued to direct witnesses or victims to come before the court in order to provide evidence or information deemed pertinent to a case.\n","An indictment is the official, written description of the crime that an accused individual is suspected of committing, which is approved by a grand jury and presented to a court in order to begin legal proceedings. Due to this process, indictments are often referred to as \"presentments.\"\n","Verdicts are the formal pronouncements made by juries on issues submitted to them by a judge or other law enforcement official. In the case of a guilty verdict, a judge will sentence the offender. Sentences may include a fine, corporal punishment, and/or imprisonment.\nCoroners also submitted verdicts such as \"death by suicide,\" \"death by natural causes,\" etc. when determining the cause of a suspicious or sudden death. \n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T09:26:17.025Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02631"}},{"id":"vi_vi02493","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02493#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02493#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vi_vi02493#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vi_vi02493","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02493","_root_":"vi_vi02493","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02493","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02493.xml","title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1141497-1141501\n"],"text":["1141497-1141501\n","York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)","African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Deeds -- Virginia -- York County","Land records -- Virginia -- York County","Local government records -- Virginia -- York County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- York County","5 cu. ft. (5 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological\n","York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n","Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional York County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","York County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","The collection includes unrecorded deeds that were never proved and recorded in deed books","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","York County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1141497-1141501\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"collection_title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"collection_ssim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from York County. \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Deeds -- Virginia -- York County","Land records -- Virginia -- York County","Local government records -- Virginia -- York County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- York County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Deeds -- Virginia -- York County","Land records -- Virginia -- York County","Local government records -- Virginia -- York County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- York County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5 cu. ft. (5 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849). Local government records collection, York County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849). Local government records collection, York County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219. \n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDeed Books and Indices to Deeds for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA307\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional York County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA307\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional York County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes unrecorded deeds that were never proved and recorded in deed books\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","The collection includes unrecorded deeds that were never proved and recorded in deed books","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"corpname_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court"],"language_ssim":["English\n"],"total_component_count_is":0,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T08:45:17.827Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vi_vi02493","ead_ssi":"vi_vi02493","_root_":"vi_vi02493","_nest_parent_":"vi_vi02493","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/lva/vi02493.xml","title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["1141497-1141501\n"],"text":["1141497-1141501\n","York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)","African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Deeds -- Virginia -- York County","Land records -- Virginia -- York County","Local government records -- Virginia -- York County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- York County","5 cu. ft. (5 boxes)","There are no restrictions.\n","Chronological\n","York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n","Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional York County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","York County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","The collection includes unrecorded deeds that were never proved and recorded in deed books","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n","There are no restrictions.\n","Library of Virginia\n","York County (Va.) Circuit Court","English\n"],"unitid_tesim":["1141497-1141501\n"],"normalized_title_ssm":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"collection_title_tesim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"collection_ssim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, \n1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849)"],"repository_ssm":["Library of Virginia"],"repository_ssim":["Library of Virginia"],"creator_ssm":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"creator_ssim":["York County (Va.) Circuit Court\n"],"acqinfo_ssim":["These items came to the Library of Virginia in shipments of court papers from York County. \n"],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Deeds -- Virginia -- York County","Land records -- Virginia -- York County","Local government records -- Virginia -- York County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- York County"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Land subdivision -- Virginia -- York County","Slaveholders -- Virginia -- York County","Slavery -- Virginia -- York County","Slaves -- Virginia -- York County","Deeds -- Virginia -- York County","Land records -- Virginia -- York County","Local government records -- Virginia -- York County","Mortgage deeds -- Virginia -- York County"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"physdesc_tesim":["5 cu. ft. (5 boxes)"],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions\n"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eChronological\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement\n"],"arrangement_tesim":["Chronological\n"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Information\n"],"bioghist_tesim":["York County was originally named Charles River County, for Charles I, and was one of the eight shires formed in 1634. The present name was given in 1643, probably in honor of James, duke of York, the second son of Charles I.\n"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849). Local government records collection, York County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219. \n\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849). Local government records collection, York County Court Records. The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Va. 23219. \n"],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDeed Books and Indices to Deeds for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA307\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAdditional York County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \u003cextref type=\"simple\" href=\"https://www.lva.virginia.gov/public/local/results_all.asp?CountyID=VA307\"\u003e\"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"\u003c/extref\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material\n"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Deed Books and Indices to Deeds for York County can be found on microfilm at the Library of Virginia. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\"","Additional York County Land Records can be found on microfilm at The Library of Virginia web site. Consult \"A Guide to Virginia County and City Records on Microfilm.\""],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eYork County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection includes unrecorded deeds that were never proved and recorded in deed books\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDeeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content\n"],"scopecontent_tesim":["York County (Va.) Deeds, 1761-1876 (bulk 1820-1849) consist of deeds of bargain and sale, deeds of gift, mortgages, and deeds of trust. On presentation to the court, deeds were proved and recorded. If the deed was not witnessed, the grantor acknowledged the deed in open court. A few of the deeds include plats. Except for a few years early in the eighteenth century, slaves in Virginia were considered personal property and consequently were not usually sold by deed. However, they were often transferred in deeds of gift or were the property listed in mortgages and deeds of trust.\n","The collection includes unrecorded deeds that were never proved and recorded in deed books","Deeds of bargain and sale are the most commonly recorded deed in which one individual sells property, usually land, but occasionally personal property, to another individual. Such deeds show the names of the grantor and grantee, the residence of both parties, a description of what is being sold, the consideration (or price), the location of the tract of land, the tract's boundaries, and any limitations on the property being sold. The deed was signed by the grantor, and possibly his wife or anyone else having a claim to the property, and by at least two witnesses. Appended to the deed may be a memorandum of livery of seisin, stating that the property has changed hands and that peaceful possession has taken place.\n","Deeds of gift are often found transferring property, either real or personal, from one individual to another \"for love and affection.\" The degree of kinship, if any, between the grantor and grantee is sometimes stated.\n","Mortgages and deeds of trust were deeds where one party is indebted to another and transfers or mortgages property to a third party to secure the debt.\n","The collection may include additional record types that were recorded in deed books such as officials' bonds, fiduciary records, marriage records, road and bridge records, and bills of sale of property including slaves.\n"],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions.\n\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions\n"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions.\n"],"physloc_html_tesm":["\u003cphysloc label=\"Location\"\u003eLibrary of Virginia\n\u003c/physloc\u003e"],"physloc_tesim":["Library of Virginia\n"],"names_ssim":["York County (Va.) 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