{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026view=compact","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1971\u0026page=1\u0026view=compact"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":5,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2010.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records","title_ssm":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"title_tesim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1967-2000"," (bulk 1994-2000)"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":[" (bulk 1994-2000)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1967-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.026"],"text":["Ms.1995.026","Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records","African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)","The majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory.","Transcripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","Transcripts from the December 12, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","Transcripts from the December 21, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","The audio file is not available to the public.","Several of the interviews in this collection have been  digitized and are available online  with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory.","April 29, 1994, interview and transcript online","October 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online","October 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online","Interview and digitized transcript","Interview and transcript available online","Interview and transcript available online","Transcripts of this interview are available online.","Interview and transcript availabe online","Interview and transcript available online","The collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives.","The guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Equipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023.","Researchers may also be interested in the  Timelines of Black History at Virginia Tech,  which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.","There are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:","The  Virginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011,  has been digitized and is  available online.","The Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is  available online.","The VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is  available online.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist. ","Some materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.","Transcripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection.","This folder contains a variety of items relating to Marva Felder, such as copies of interview transcripts, pages from the  Bugle yearbook , two 3.5\" floppy disks (\"Marva Felder Interview\" and \"Marva2.txt\"), and permission form.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Transcripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.026"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"collection_ssim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creator_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creators_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in several accruals beginning in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.8 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.8 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Oral histories (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts from the December 12, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts from the December 21, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe audio file is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory.","Transcripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","Transcripts from the December 12, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","Transcripts from the December 21, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","The audio file is not available to the public."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral of the interviews in this collection have been \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026\"\u003edigitized and are available online\u003c/a\u003e with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Blackwell_Jackie\"\u003eApril 29, 1994, interview and transcript online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Carter_Elaine\"\u003eOctober 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Carter_Elaine\"\u003eOctober 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Davis_Marva\"\u003eInterview and digitized transcript\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Higgins_LaVerne\"\u003eInterview and transcript available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Higgins_LaVerne\"\u003eInterview and transcript available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Hoyle_Linda\"\u003eTranscripts of this interview are available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_MacDonald_Cheryl\"\u003eInterview and transcript availabe online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Scott_Marguerite\"\u003eInterview and transcript available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Alternate Form Available","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Several of the interviews in this collection have been  digitized and are available online  with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory.","April 29, 1994, interview and transcript online","October 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online","October 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online","Interview and digitized transcript","Interview and transcript available online","Interview and transcript available online","Transcripts of this interview are available online.","Interview and transcript availabe online","Interview and transcript available online"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEquipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Access"],"phystech_tesim":["Equipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, Ms1995-026, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, Ms1995-026, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers may also be interested in the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/blackhistoryvt/timeline\"\u003eTimelines of Black History at Virginia Tech,\u003c/a\u003e which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2244.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eVirginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011,\u003c/a\u003e has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/190\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/208\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2016-015\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Researchers may also be interested in the  Timelines of Black History at Virginia Tech,  which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.","There are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:","The  Virginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011,  has been digitized and is  available online.","The Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is  available online.","The VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is  available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a variety of items relating to Marva Felder, such as copies of interview transcripts, pages from the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBugle yearbook\u003c/title\u003e, two 3.5\" floppy disks (\"Marva Felder Interview\" and \"Marva2.txt\"), and permission form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist. ","Some materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.","Transcripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection.","This folder contains a variety of items relating to Marva Felder, such as copies of interview transcripts, pages from the  Bugle yearbook , two 3.5\" floppy disks (\"Marva Felder Interview\" and \"Marva2.txt\"), and permission form."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use","Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Transcripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_913ce635effda5ab1d00586298ca7caa\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":47,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:06:26.646Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_2010.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records","title_ssm":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"title_tesim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["ca. 1967-2000"," (bulk 1994-2000)"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":[" (bulk 1994-2000)"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["ca. 1967-2000"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1995.026"],"text":["Ms.1995.026","Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records","African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)","The majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory.","Transcripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","Transcripts from the December 12, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","Transcripts from the December 21, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","The audio file is not available to the public.","Several of the interviews in this collection have been  digitized and are available online  with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory.","April 29, 1994, interview and transcript online","October 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online","October 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online","Interview and digitized transcript","Interview and transcript available online","Interview and transcript available online","Transcripts of this interview are available online.","Interview and transcript availabe online","Interview and transcript available online","The collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives.","The guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","Equipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available.","The processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023.","Researchers may also be interested in the  Timelines of Black History at Virginia Tech,  which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.","There are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:","The  Virginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011,  has been digitized and is  available online.","The Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is  available online.","The VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is  available online.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist. ","Some materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.","Transcripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection.","This folder contains a variety of items relating to Marva Felder, such as copies of interview transcripts, pages from the  Bugle yearbook , two 3.5\" floppy disks (\"Marva Felder Interview\" and \"Marva2.txt\"), and permission form.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Transcripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1995.026"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"collection_ssim":["Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creator_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"creators_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in several accruals beginning in 1995."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Faculty and staff","Students and alumni","University History","Women -- History","Oral histories (literary works)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.8 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["0.8 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"genreform_ssim":["Oral histories (literary works)"],"date_range_isim":[1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts from the December 12, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts from the December 21, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe audio file is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access","Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The majority of the collection is open for research. Restrictions on access to specific items are noted at the item level in the inventory.","Transcripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","Transcripts from the December 12, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","Transcripts from the December 21, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","This interview is not available to the public.","The audio file is not available to the public."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSeveral of the interviews in this collection have been \u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026\"\u003edigitized and are available online\u003c/a\u003e with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Blackwell_Jackie\"\u003eApril 29, 1994, interview and transcript online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Carter_Elaine\"\u003eOctober 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Carter_Elaine\"\u003eOctober 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Davis_Marva\"\u003eInterview and digitized transcript\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Higgins_LaVerne\"\u003eInterview and transcript available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Higgins_LaVerne\"\u003eInterview and transcript available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Hoyle_Linda\"\u003eTranscripts of this interview are available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_MacDonald_Cheryl\"\u003eInterview and transcript availabe online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1995-026/Ms1995_026_Scott_Marguerite\"\u003eInterview and transcript available online\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Alternate Form Available","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies","Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Several of the interviews in this collection have been  digitized and are available online  with transcripts. Links to individual interviews are included at the item level in the inventory.","April 29, 1994, interview and transcript online","October 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online","October 19, 1995, interview and transcript available online","Interview and digitized transcript","Interview and transcript available online","Interview and transcript available online","Transcripts of this interview are available online.","Interview and transcript availabe online","Interview and transcript available online"],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged alphabetically by interviewee's surname, with project documentation at the beginning."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The project involved the identification of the first Black women students, staff, and faculty at Virginia Tech and the collection of their oral history narratives."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"phystech_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEquipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available.\u003c/p\u003e"],"phystech_heading_ssm":["Technical Access"],"phystech_tesim":["Equipment is required and available to listen to available audio recordings. Equipment is required to access computer disks, which may not be available."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, Ms1995-026, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records, Ms1995-026, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the collection was completed in 2001. Additional materials were integrated and description updated in June 2023."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers may also be interested in the \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/exhibits/show/blackhistoryvt/timeline\"\u003eTimelines of Black History at Virginia Tech,\u003c/a\u003e which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/lib.vt.edu/repositories/2/resources/2244.oai_ead.xml\"\u003eVirginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011,\u003c/a\u003e has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/190\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/208\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms2016-015\"\u003eavailable online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Researchers may also be interested in the  Timelines of Black History at Virginia Tech,  which includes references to many of the individuals included in this collection.","There are also interviews with additional individuals whose personal experiences at Virginia Tech helped shape the history of the university and of the New River Valley in the following oral history collections:","The  Virginia Tech Black History Oral History Collection, Ms2003-011,  has been digitized and is  available online.","The Multicultural Diversity Oral History Project, Ms2002-001, has been digitized and is  available online.","The VT Stories Oral History Collection, Ms2016-015, has been digitized and is  available online."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis folder contains a variety of items relating to Marva Felder, such as copies of interview transcripts, pages from the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eBugle yearbook\u003c/title\u003e, two 3.5\" floppy disks (\"Marva Felder Interview\" and \"Marva2.txt\"), and permission form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project Records include interviews focused on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black women students at Virginia Tech (Jacquelyn Butler Blackwell, Marguerite Harper Scott, and Linda Edmunds Turner); Marva Felder Davis, first Black homecoming queen; Cheryl Butler McDonald, first Black woman in the Corps of Cadets; and Elaine Dowe Carter, catalyst of the project and doctoral candidate at Virginia Tech. Interviews were conducted by Carter and  Tamara Kennelly, University Archivist. ","Some materials include copies of items from interviewees' times at Virginia Tech, originally dating to the 1960s through 1980s.","Transcripts of interviews with students and with two staff members (Cora McDaniel Pack and Rhonda Miller Rogers) are also available in the collection.","This folder contains a variety of items relating to Marva Felder, such as copies of interview transcripts, pages from the  Bugle yearbook , two 3.5\" floppy disks (\"Marva Felder Interview\" and \"Marva2.txt\"), and permission form."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTranscripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use","Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","Transcripts from the December 7, 1995 interview may only be accessed through the Special Collections and University Archives reading room. These transcripts may not be copied, nor can SCUA provide copies to researchers through the mail or email (digital files are not available). The audio file for this interview is not available to the public."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_913ce635effda5ab1d00586298ca7caa\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Black Women at Virginia Tech Oral History Project was a multi-phase research and educational collaborative program of the Virginia Tech University Libraries and the Women's Center at Virginia Tech. The collection includes audiocassette tapes, DAT tapes, floppy disks, background and biographical information, and transcripts of interviews with some of the first Black female students and employees at Virginia Tech. The interviews focus on the entry experience of the individual into the Virginia Tech community and the interviewees' perceptions of the climate and attitudes within the university community, particularly as pertains to race and gender."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)","Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Polytechnic Institute (1944-1970)","Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1970-)"],"persname_ssim":["Blackwell, Jacquelyn Butler","Carter, Elaine D.","Davis, Marva Lajeune Felder Carter","Fulcher, Victoria","Gowens, Cynthia","Higgins, LaVerna (Fredi) Hairston","Holmes, Michele","Hoyle, Linda Paulette Adams","Kennelly, Tamara","King, Loretta","MacDonald, Cheryl Butler","Pack, Cora McDamel","Rogers, Rhonda Miller","Roy, Lucinda","Scott, Marguerite Harper","Turner, Linda Edmonds"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":47,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:06:26.646Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_2010"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hard Times Blues Collection","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The \u003cem\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/em\u003e Collection contains materials about the play \u003cem\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/em\u003e by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3426.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hard Times Blues Collection","title_ssm":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"title_tesim":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966, 2001, 2003, 2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966, 2001, 2003, 2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2019.038"],"text":["Ms.2019.038","Hard Times Blues Collection","Blacksburg (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs","The collection is open for research.","Virginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.","According to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history  The Bugle's Echo , Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).","In 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).","On August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.","In December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.","Floyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.","Sources Blacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. Biographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. The Bugle's Echo  by Col. Harry Temple Marriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org Draft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org Death certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com Death certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org U.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com","Playwright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation,  Eminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026 Development of Five Actresses  melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.","Sweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of  Hard Times Blues  (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play  Nashville Dreams  in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville.","The guide to the  Hard Times Blues  Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the  Hard Times Blues  Collection was completed in July 2019.","The  Hard Times Blues  Collection contains materials about the play  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.","Two copies of  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019).","The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to  Hard Times Blues , and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The  Hard Times Blues  Collection contains materials about the play  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2019.038"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to  Hard Times Blues , and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in June 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Theater programs"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bugle's Echo\u003c/title\u003e, Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFloyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBlacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBiographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bugle's Echo\u003c/title\u003e by Col. Harry Temple\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMarriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDraft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDeath certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDeath certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eU.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlaywright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026amp; Development of Five Actresses\u003c/title\u003e melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNashville Dreams\u003c/title\u003e in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Floyd Meade","Biographical Note - Lucy Sweeney"],"bioghist_tesim":["Virginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.","According to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history  The Bugle's Echo , Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).","In 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).","On August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.","In December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.","Floyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.","Sources Blacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. Biographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. The Bugle's Echo  by Col. Harry Temple Marriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org Draft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org Death certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com Death certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org U.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com","Playwright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation,  Eminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026 Development of Five Actresses  melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.","Sweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of  Hard Times Blues  (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play  Nashville Dreams  in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Hard Times Blues  Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection, Ms2019-038, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder],  Hard Times Blues  Collection, Ms2019-038, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection was completed in July 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the  Hard Times Blues  Collection was completed in July 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection contains materials about the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The  Hard Times Blues  Collection contains materials about the play  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo copies of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019).\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two copies of  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e, and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to  Hard Times Blues , and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ae22529e10904d0104ee71671f743448\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection contains materials about the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The  Hard Times Blues  Collection contains materials about the play  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:00:15.737Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3426.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Hard Times Blues Collection","title_ssm":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"title_tesim":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1966, 2001, 2003, 2019"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1966, 2001, 2003, 2019"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2019.038"],"text":["Ms.2019.038","Hard Times Blues Collection","Blacksburg (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs","The collection is open for research.","Virginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.","According to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history  The Bugle's Echo , Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).","In 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).","On August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.","In December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.","Floyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.","Sources Blacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. Biographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. The Bugle's Echo  by Col. Harry Temple Marriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org Draft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org Death certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com Death certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org U.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com","Playwright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation,  Eminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026 Development of Five Actresses  melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.","Sweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of  Hard Times Blues  (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play  Nashville Dreams  in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville.","The guide to the  Hard Times Blues  Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the  Hard Times Blues  Collection was completed in July 2019.","The  Hard Times Blues  Collection contains materials about the play  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.","Two copies of  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019).","The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to  Hard Times Blues , and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The  Hard Times Blues  Collection contains materials about the play  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2019.038"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Hard Times Blues Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to  Hard Times Blues , and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in June 2019."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Community theater","Faculty and staff","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Theater  -- United States","University Archives","University History","Theater programs"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"genreform_ssim":["Theater programs"],"date_range_isim":[1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eVirginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAccording to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bugle's Echo\u003c/title\u003e, Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOn August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFloyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003clist numeration=\"arabic\" type=\"ordered\"\u003e\n      \u003chead\u003eSources\u003c/head\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBlacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eBiographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003e\u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Bugle's Echo\u003c/title\u003e by Col. Harry Temple\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eMarriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDraft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDeath certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eDeath certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org\u003c/item\u003e\n      \u003citem\u003eU.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com\u003c/item\u003e\n    \u003c/list\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePlaywright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation, \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eEminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026amp; Development of Five Actresses\u003c/title\u003e melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eNashville Dreams\u003c/title\u003e in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note - Floyd Meade","Biographical Note - Lucy Sweeney"],"bioghist_tesim":["Virginia Tech employee Floyd Hobson \"Hardtimes\" Meade (also Mead) was born October 2, 1882, in Blacksburg to Denie (also Dina) Meade and either William Meade or Joe Dill. Meade also had a brother Emmett (b. 1880), sister Octavia (b. May 1885), and probably another brother named Alex (1887-1896). Emmett also worked at Virginia Tech, in the Mess Hall as a waiter and later the Machine Shop as a machinist.","According to Col. Harry Temple's Virginia Tech epic history  The Bugle's Echo , Meade briefly lived with the family of Cadet N. W. Thomas, who brought him to campus in 1889. After that, Meade started advertising the school's athletic games. By 1896, he traveled with the football team on their trips as a mascot in an orange and maroon clown costume. (pp. 254-255) At this time, he also began working at the college in the Mess Hall (p. 448).","In 1913, Meade started bringing live turkeys to football games, inspired by the team's informal nickname the \"Gobblers.\" He trained the birds to pull carts, walk on a leash, and flap their wings and gobble on command. Temple even recounts after a victorious Thanksgiving Day game against V.M.I., that the rotund turkey was cooked and served in the Mess Hall! He also played music for himself and for the cadets – Temple states Meade was a regular one-man-band playing a guitar, bass drum, and harmonica all at once (p. 3115-3116).","On August 25, 1913, Floyd married Lucy M. Turner, daughter of Giles Turner and a cook in private service. Floyd and Lucy were both involved in the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. In 1905, he joined Tadmore Light Lodge #6184, the Blacksburg chapter of the fraternal organization. Minutes and attendance records list him as Past Noble Father (the highest degree or rank in the organization), and a number of other documents refer to Meade's service as secretary of the organization. Lucy Meade was a member of the Household of Ruth, the female auxiliary of the Odd Fellows.","In December 1929, Floyd lost his job at Virginia Tech, according to Temple. So students took up a collection to help with his family's living expenses, and alumni wrote letters to try and change administrators' minds – to no avail. (p. 3846-3847) Then, tragedy struck once more, when Lucy died on June 28, 1931, around age 45 of heart disease.","Floyd continued to work as a cook or waiter in restaurants around town and even served as head waiter at the Lake Hotel in Mountain Lake. By 1940, he was working as a janitor in private service. The next year, Meade died on February 8, after a car accident.","Sources Blacksburg (Virginia) Odd Fellows Records, Ms1988-009, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. Biographical Vertical Files, Special Collections, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va. The Bugle's Echo  by Col. Harry Temple Marriage certificate for Floyd Meade and Lucy Turner, FamilySearch.org Draft card for Floyd Meade, FamilySearch.org Death certificates for Denie, Floyd, and Lucy Meade, Ancestry.com Death certificate for Alex Meade, FamilySearch.org U.S. Census records from 1880 through 1940 for Denie, Emmett, and Floyd Meade and their families, Ancestry.com","Playwright and licensed psychologist, Lucy Sweeney, Psy.D., earned a Bachelor's degree in theatre arts at the University of Denver before receiving a Master's in developmental psychology at Columbia University and a Doctor of Psychology (Psy.D.) from Rutgers, awarded in 1990. Her dissertation,  Eminent Women in Acting: Personality \u0026 Development of Five Actresses  melded her two passions for psychology and the arts. Upon receiving her doctorate, Sweeney began practicing psychology and became a member of the American Psychological Society. During this time, she also joined Actors' Equity as an actress in the New York and regional area, keeping her interest in theatre alive.","Sweeney opened her first private practice in Scotch Plains, NJ, in 1993, closing in 1999. The next year, she opened a private practice in Blacksburg, Virginia. Here she also joined the faculty of Virginia Tech in 2002, teaching the course \"Women and Creativity\" in the Department of Women's Studies. It was during this time that she wrote the first edition of  Hard Times Blues  (2001) about Blacksburg-native Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade, which was performed in Blacksburg and Roanoke by the Dumas Theatre Players. Sweeney's practiced closed down in 2005, but she continued to work, publishing the play  Nashville Dreams  in 2007. The next year, Sweeney opened a new practice in Gallatin, TN, just outside Nashville."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-%20work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the  Hard Times Blues  Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your- work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection, Ms2019-038, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder],  Hard Times Blues  Collection, Ms2019-038, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection was completed in July 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the  Hard Times Blues  Collection was completed in July 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection contains materials about the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The  Hard Times Blues  Collection contains materials about the play  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eTwo copies of \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019).\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["Two copies of  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney (2019 rev. ed.) separated to the Rare Books Collection and Newman Library's Scripts Collection (call number PS3619.W44 H37 2019)."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e, and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFor the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The playwright Lucy Sweeney retains all rights to  Hard Times Blues , and permission to publish or perform must be obtained from Sweeney. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for more information on permissions.","For the rest of the collection, the copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_ae22529e10904d0104ee71671f743448\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e Collection contains materials about the play \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eHard Times Blues\u003c/title\u003e by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The  Hard Times Blues  Collection contains materials about the play  Hard Times Blues  by Lucy Sweeney and its production by the Dumas Theatre Troupe in 2003. Items include background research, correspondence, and a 2019 revised copy of the play as well as programs, flyers, photographs, and a newspaper article about the 2003 production. The play is about Blacksburg local and Virginia Tech employee Floyd \"Hardtimes\" Meade (1882-1941), who was influential as a mascot performer and turkey trainer for football games. His turkeys served as an early predecessor to the HokieBird mascot representing Virginia Tech today."],"names_coll_ssim":["Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute (1896-1944)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":7,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:00:15.737Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3426"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3334.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection","title_ssm":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"title_tesim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1926-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2019.009"],"text":["Ms.2019.009","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","The collection is open for research.","The collection has been digitized and is  available online .","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. ","I. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","II. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","III. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. ","In 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.","Sources: ","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection \"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital,  https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html .","The guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2019.009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/264\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The collection has been digitized and is  available online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eII. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIII. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. ","I. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","II. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","III. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePiedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html\"\u003ehttps://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. ","In 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.","Sources: ","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection \"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital,  https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html ."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection, Ms2019-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection, Ms2019-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_281ca7f93baa5dc77b4bb8025c9d8927\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:17:27.711Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3334.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection","title_ssm":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"title_tesim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1926-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2019.009"],"text":["Ms.2019.009","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","The collection is open for research.","The collection has been digitized and is  available online .","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. ","I. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","II. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","III. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. ","In 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.","Sources: ","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection \"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital,  https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html .","The guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2019.009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/264\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The collection has been digitized and is  available online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eII. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIII. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. ","I. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","II. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","III. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePiedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html\"\u003ehttps://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. ","In 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.","Sources: ","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection \"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital,  https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html ."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection, Ms2019-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection, Ms2019-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_281ca7f93baa5dc77b4bb8025c9d8927\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:17:27.711Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4571.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection","title_ssm":["Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection"],"title_tesim":["Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1968-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1968-1975"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2026.003"],"text":["Ms.2026.003","Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","African Americans -- History","African Americans -- Music","Soul music","Blues (music)","Roanoke (Va.) -- Music","The collection is open for research.","Papers are arranged by type. Band contracts are arranged by contracted group and then by show date.","The Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia, had three family music groups in the 1960s and 1970s. Their bands operated somewhat interchangeably and they were well-known regionally for blues music. Their most well known songs were \"Happy Fool\" (as Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers) and \"What It Is Part I / What It Is Part II\" as The Randolph Bros. Plus.","The Randolph Brothers  was active from 1968 through at least 1972 and included brothers Alfred (Saxophone + Manager), Michael (Guitar), Reginald (Saxophone, Co-Manager, Vocals), Marvin (Bass Guitar), Rodney (Drums). At some point, a sixth brother (either Phillip or Clinton) joined the band on the keyboard. No source confirming which brother has been found.","Belva and The Randolph Brothers  was active from around 1971 through at least 1974. This group featured Belva as the lead vocalist with Alfred, Michael, Reginald, Marvin, and Rodney in the band. It also included backup vocals by their sister Valerie and cousin Brenda Bryant.","The Randolph Bros. Plus Lounge Combo  was created around 1975 as an additional band focused on the cocktail lounge circuit.","The Randolph Brothers had contracts with Star City Records, HIT Attractions Inc., and an association with WTOY, Roanoke, Virginia's, Soul station. They also applied for a copyright on their song \"What It Is\" under the name Hot Tomato Publishing Company.","Ulysses Randolph was born May 19, 1920 in Roanoke, Virginia and died July 24, 2011. He worked on the railroad for Norfolk \u0026 Western and as a laborer at Shaffer's Crossing. On November 3, 1944, he married Willie Beatrice Petty, (born November 17, 1925, died May 28, 1998)","Ulysses and Willie had seven sons and five daughters. During the 1960s and 1970s, their children formed family bands managed by their eldest son Alfred, and co-managed by their second son, Michael. Eventually, the bands would include at least six of their sons, two of their daughters, and at least one cousin.","Their children:","Gloria Latrisia Randolph (circa 1941 -), married James L. Jones on June 30, 1972","Eugenia (Genie) M. Randolph (circa 1943 -), married Stan Philpott","Alfred Henry Randolph II (1945-02-18 - 2024-06-28), married Charlene Olivia Miller on April 23, 1962. Alfred played saxophone and managed the Randolph family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band.","Michael Francis Randolph (1946-03-04 - ), married Gay Christa Ballou on April 3, 1971. Michael played guitar, and wrote and arranged music the family bands.","Reginald McKinley Randolph, Sr.(1947-08-24 - 2016-03-07), married Rosa Lee Henderson on August 28, 1966. Reginald played saxophone, provided vocals, and co-managed the family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band. ","Belva Lorraine Shannon (1949-08-23 - 2023-01-25), married Leon Eldridge Hamlet on October 28, 1967 and they divorced March 2, 1970. She later married Willie Shannon on May 11, 1973. Belva was the lead vocalist for the family bands. She also worked for WTOY, the local Soul radio station.","Valerie Denise Randolph (1951-04-15 - ), married Melvin William Garrett on October 28, 1987 and they divorced November 28, 1994. She later married Samuel Franklin, Jr. on July 1, 2006. Valerie provided backup vocals for the family bands.","Marvin Alton Randolph, Sr. (1954-10-26 - 2024-01-02), married Vera Jones on October 16, 1975 and they divorced May 26, 1988. He later married Brenda Catherine Small on July 15, 1995. Marvin played bass guitar in the family bands. Later, from 1985 to 1988, he played in the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026 Blue.","Rodney Jerome Randolph (1956-04-08 - ), married Lolita Morton on August 23, 1981. Rodney played drums in the family bands and later was the drummer for the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026 Blue.","Stephanie Yvonne Randolph (1960-02-23 - ) married Donald Leroy Campbell, Jr. on September 15, 1988.","Phillip Anthony Randolph (1961-03-04 - ) married Dianne Elisabeth Worrell on August 15, 1981. Phillip worked as a railroad brakeman and conductor for thirty-three years. It is not clear whether he or his brother Clinton played the keyboard with the family bands.","Clinton David Randolph (1962-12-26 - ) married Virginia Louise Jennings on May 16, 1988. It is not clear whether he or his brother Phillip played the keyboard with the family bands.","The guide to the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection was completed in March, 2026.","This collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Randolph Brothers Plus (Musical Group)","Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)","The materials in this collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2026.003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"creator_ssim":["Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"creators_ssim":["Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in August, 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","African Americans -- History","African Americans -- Music","Soul music","Blues (music)","Roanoke (Va.) -- Music"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","African Americans -- History","African Americans -- Music","Soul music","Blues (music)","Roanoke (Va.) -- Music"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers are arranged by type. Band contracts are arranged by contracted group and then by show date.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Papers are arranged by type. Band contracts are arranged by contracted group and then by show date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia, had three family music groups in the 1960s and 1970s. Their bands operated somewhat interchangeably and they were well-known regionally for blues music. Their most well known songs were \"Happy Fool\" (as Belva \u0026amp; The Randolph Brothers) and \"What It Is Part I / What It Is Part II\" as The Randolph Bros. Plus.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe Randolph Brothers\u003c/emph\u003e was active from 1968 through at least 1972 and included brothers Alfred (Saxophone + Manager), Michael (Guitar), Reginald (Saxophone, Co-Manager, Vocals), Marvin (Bass Guitar), Rodney (Drums). At some point, a sixth brother (either Phillip or Clinton) joined the band on the keyboard. No source confirming which brother has been found.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBelva and The Randolph Brothers\u003c/emph\u003e was active from around 1971 through at least 1974. This group featured Belva as the lead vocalist with Alfred, Michael, Reginald, Marvin, and Rodney in the band. It also included backup vocals by their sister Valerie and cousin Brenda Bryant.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe Randolph Bros. Plus Lounge Combo\u003c/emph\u003e was created around 1975 as an additional band focused on the cocktail lounge circuit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Randolph Brothers had contracts with Star City Records, HIT Attractions Inc., and an association with WTOY, Roanoke, Virginia's, Soul station. They also applied for a copyright on their song \"What It Is\" under the name Hot Tomato Publishing Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUlysses Randolph was born May 19, 1920 in Roanoke, Virginia and died July 24, 2011. He worked on the railroad for Norfolk \u0026amp; Western and as a laborer at Shaffer's Crossing. On November 3, 1944, he married Willie Beatrice Petty, (born November 17, 1925, died May 28, 1998)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUlysses and Willie had seven sons and five daughters. During the 1960s and 1970s, their children formed family bands managed by their eldest son Alfred, and co-managed by their second son, Michael. Eventually, the bands would include at least six of their sons, two of their daughters, and at least one cousin.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTheir children:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria Latrisia Randolph (circa 1941 -), married James L. Jones on June 30, 1972\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEugenia (Genie) M. Randolph (circa 1943 -), married Stan Philpott\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlfred Henry Randolph II (1945-02-18 - 2024-06-28), married Charlene Olivia Miller on April 23, 1962. Alfred played saxophone and managed the Randolph family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMichael Francis Randolph (1946-03-04 - ), married Gay Christa Ballou on April 3, 1971. Michael played guitar, and wrote and arranged music the family bands.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReginald McKinley Randolph, Sr.(1947-08-24 - 2016-03-07), married Rosa Lee Henderson on August 28, 1966. Reginald played saxophone, provided vocals, and co-managed the family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBelva Lorraine Shannon (1949-08-23 - 2023-01-25), married Leon Eldridge Hamlet on October 28, 1967 and they divorced March 2, 1970. She later married Willie Shannon on May 11, 1973. Belva was the lead vocalist for the family bands. She also worked for WTOY, the local Soul radio station.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eValerie Denise Randolph (1951-04-15 - ), married Melvin William Garrett on October 28, 1987 and they divorced November 28, 1994. She later married Samuel Franklin, Jr. on July 1, 2006. Valerie provided backup vocals for the family bands.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarvin Alton Randolph, Sr. (1954-10-26 - 2024-01-02), married Vera Jones on October 16, 1975 and they divorced May 26, 1988. He later married Brenda Catherine Small on July 15, 1995. Marvin played bass guitar in the family bands. Later, from 1985 to 1988, he played in the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026amp; Blue.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRodney Jerome Randolph (1956-04-08 - ), married Lolita Morton on August 23, 1981. Rodney played drums in the family bands and later was the drummer for the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026amp; Blue.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStephanie Yvonne Randolph (1960-02-23 - ) married Donald Leroy Campbell, Jr. on September 15, 1988.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhillip Anthony Randolph (1961-03-04 - ) married Dianne Elisabeth Worrell on August 15, 1981. Phillip worked as a railroad brakeman and conductor for thirty-three years. It is not clear whether he or his brother Clinton played the keyboard with the family bands.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClinton David Randolph (1962-12-26 - ) married Virginia Louise Jennings on May 16, 1988. It is not clear whether he or his brother Phillip played the keyboard with the family bands.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note","Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia, had three family music groups in the 1960s and 1970s. Their bands operated somewhat interchangeably and they were well-known regionally for blues music. Their most well known songs were \"Happy Fool\" (as Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers) and \"What It Is Part I / What It Is Part II\" as The Randolph Bros. Plus.","The Randolph Brothers  was active from 1968 through at least 1972 and included brothers Alfred (Saxophone + Manager), Michael (Guitar), Reginald (Saxophone, Co-Manager, Vocals), Marvin (Bass Guitar), Rodney (Drums). At some point, a sixth brother (either Phillip or Clinton) joined the band on the keyboard. No source confirming which brother has been found.","Belva and The Randolph Brothers  was active from around 1971 through at least 1974. This group featured Belva as the lead vocalist with Alfred, Michael, Reginald, Marvin, and Rodney in the band. It also included backup vocals by their sister Valerie and cousin Brenda Bryant.","The Randolph Bros. Plus Lounge Combo  was created around 1975 as an additional band focused on the cocktail lounge circuit.","The Randolph Brothers had contracts with Star City Records, HIT Attractions Inc., and an association with WTOY, Roanoke, Virginia's, Soul station. They also applied for a copyright on their song \"What It Is\" under the name Hot Tomato Publishing Company.","Ulysses Randolph was born May 19, 1920 in Roanoke, Virginia and died July 24, 2011. He worked on the railroad for Norfolk \u0026 Western and as a laborer at Shaffer's Crossing. On November 3, 1944, he married Willie Beatrice Petty, (born November 17, 1925, died May 28, 1998)","Ulysses and Willie had seven sons and five daughters. During the 1960s and 1970s, their children formed family bands managed by their eldest son Alfred, and co-managed by their second son, Michael. Eventually, the bands would include at least six of their sons, two of their daughters, and at least one cousin.","Their children:","Gloria Latrisia Randolph (circa 1941 -), married James L. Jones on June 30, 1972","Eugenia (Genie) M. Randolph (circa 1943 -), married Stan Philpott","Alfred Henry Randolph II (1945-02-18 - 2024-06-28), married Charlene Olivia Miller on April 23, 1962. Alfred played saxophone and managed the Randolph family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band.","Michael Francis Randolph (1946-03-04 - ), married Gay Christa Ballou on April 3, 1971. Michael played guitar, and wrote and arranged music the family bands.","Reginald McKinley Randolph, Sr.(1947-08-24 - 2016-03-07), married Rosa Lee Henderson on August 28, 1966. Reginald played saxophone, provided vocals, and co-managed the family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band. ","Belva Lorraine Shannon (1949-08-23 - 2023-01-25), married Leon Eldridge Hamlet on October 28, 1967 and they divorced March 2, 1970. She later married Willie Shannon on May 11, 1973. Belva was the lead vocalist for the family bands. She also worked for WTOY, the local Soul radio station.","Valerie Denise Randolph (1951-04-15 - ), married Melvin William Garrett on October 28, 1987 and they divorced November 28, 1994. She later married Samuel Franklin, Jr. on July 1, 2006. Valerie provided backup vocals for the family bands.","Marvin Alton Randolph, Sr. (1954-10-26 - 2024-01-02), married Vera Jones on October 16, 1975 and they divorced May 26, 1988. He later married Brenda Catherine Small on July 15, 1995. Marvin played bass guitar in the family bands. Later, from 1985 to 1988, he played in the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026 Blue.","Rodney Jerome Randolph (1956-04-08 - ), married Lolita Morton on August 23, 1981. Rodney played drums in the family bands and later was the drummer for the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026 Blue.","Stephanie Yvonne Randolph (1960-02-23 - ) married Donald Leroy Campbell, Jr. on September 15, 1988.","Phillip Anthony Randolph (1961-03-04 - ) married Dianne Elisabeth Worrell on August 15, 1981. Phillip worked as a railroad brakeman and conductor for thirty-three years. It is not clear whether he or his brother Clinton played the keyboard with the family bands.","Clinton David Randolph (1962-12-26 - ) married Virginia Louise Jennings on May 16, 1988. It is not clear whether he or his brother Phillip played the keyboard with the family bands."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection, 1968-1975, Ms2026-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection, 1968-1975, Ms2026-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection was completed in March, 2026.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection was completed in March, 2026."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fb0766e2ff8fd5ad5ec22769c3be57a6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options."],"names_coll_ssim":["Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Randolph Brothers Plus (Musical Group)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Randolph Brothers Plus (Musical Group)","Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Randolph Brothers Plus (Musical Group)"],"famname_ssim":["Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:09:36.445Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4571.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection","title_ssm":["Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection"],"title_tesim":["Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1968-1975"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1968-1975"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2026.003"],"text":["Ms.2026.003","Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","African Americans -- History","African Americans -- Music","Soul music","Blues (music)","Roanoke (Va.) -- Music","The collection is open for research.","Papers are arranged by type. Band contracts are arranged by contracted group and then by show date.","The Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia, had three family music groups in the 1960s and 1970s. Their bands operated somewhat interchangeably and they were well-known regionally for blues music. Their most well known songs were \"Happy Fool\" (as Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers) and \"What It Is Part I / What It Is Part II\" as The Randolph Bros. Plus.","The Randolph Brothers  was active from 1968 through at least 1972 and included brothers Alfred (Saxophone + Manager), Michael (Guitar), Reginald (Saxophone, Co-Manager, Vocals), Marvin (Bass Guitar), Rodney (Drums). At some point, a sixth brother (either Phillip or Clinton) joined the band on the keyboard. No source confirming which brother has been found.","Belva and The Randolph Brothers  was active from around 1971 through at least 1974. This group featured Belva as the lead vocalist with Alfred, Michael, Reginald, Marvin, and Rodney in the band. It also included backup vocals by their sister Valerie and cousin Brenda Bryant.","The Randolph Bros. Plus Lounge Combo  was created around 1975 as an additional band focused on the cocktail lounge circuit.","The Randolph Brothers had contracts with Star City Records, HIT Attractions Inc., and an association with WTOY, Roanoke, Virginia's, Soul station. They also applied for a copyright on their song \"What It Is\" under the name Hot Tomato Publishing Company.","Ulysses Randolph was born May 19, 1920 in Roanoke, Virginia and died July 24, 2011. He worked on the railroad for Norfolk \u0026 Western and as a laborer at Shaffer's Crossing. On November 3, 1944, he married Willie Beatrice Petty, (born November 17, 1925, died May 28, 1998)","Ulysses and Willie had seven sons and five daughters. During the 1960s and 1970s, their children formed family bands managed by their eldest son Alfred, and co-managed by their second son, Michael. Eventually, the bands would include at least six of their sons, two of their daughters, and at least one cousin.","Their children:","Gloria Latrisia Randolph (circa 1941 -), married James L. Jones on June 30, 1972","Eugenia (Genie) M. Randolph (circa 1943 -), married Stan Philpott","Alfred Henry Randolph II (1945-02-18 - 2024-06-28), married Charlene Olivia Miller on April 23, 1962. Alfred played saxophone and managed the Randolph family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band.","Michael Francis Randolph (1946-03-04 - ), married Gay Christa Ballou on April 3, 1971. Michael played guitar, and wrote and arranged music the family bands.","Reginald McKinley Randolph, Sr.(1947-08-24 - 2016-03-07), married Rosa Lee Henderson on August 28, 1966. Reginald played saxophone, provided vocals, and co-managed the family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band. ","Belva Lorraine Shannon (1949-08-23 - 2023-01-25), married Leon Eldridge Hamlet on October 28, 1967 and they divorced March 2, 1970. She later married Willie Shannon on May 11, 1973. Belva was the lead vocalist for the family bands. She also worked for WTOY, the local Soul radio station.","Valerie Denise Randolph (1951-04-15 - ), married Melvin William Garrett on October 28, 1987 and they divorced November 28, 1994. She later married Samuel Franklin, Jr. on July 1, 2006. Valerie provided backup vocals for the family bands.","Marvin Alton Randolph, Sr. (1954-10-26 - 2024-01-02), married Vera Jones on October 16, 1975 and they divorced May 26, 1988. He later married Brenda Catherine Small on July 15, 1995. Marvin played bass guitar in the family bands. Later, from 1985 to 1988, he played in the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026 Blue.","Rodney Jerome Randolph (1956-04-08 - ), married Lolita Morton on August 23, 1981. Rodney played drums in the family bands and later was the drummer for the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026 Blue.","Stephanie Yvonne Randolph (1960-02-23 - ) married Donald Leroy Campbell, Jr. on September 15, 1988.","Phillip Anthony Randolph (1961-03-04 - ) married Dianne Elisabeth Worrell on August 15, 1981. Phillip worked as a railroad brakeman and conductor for thirty-three years. It is not clear whether he or his brother Clinton played the keyboard with the family bands.","Clinton David Randolph (1962-12-26 - ) married Virginia Louise Jennings on May 16, 1988. It is not clear whether he or his brother Phillip played the keyboard with the family bands.","The guide to the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection was completed in March, 2026.","This collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Randolph Brothers Plus (Musical Group)","Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)","The materials in this collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2026.003"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"creator_ssim":["Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"creators_ssim":["Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in August, 2024."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","African Americans -- History","African Americans -- Music","Soul music","Blues (music)","Roanoke (Va.) -- Music"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","African Americans -- History","African Americans -- Music","Soul music","Blues (music)","Roanoke (Va.) -- Music"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers are arranged by type. Band contracts are arranged by contracted group and then by show date.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Papers are arranged by type. Band contracts are arranged by contracted group and then by show date."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia, had three family music groups in the 1960s and 1970s. Their bands operated somewhat interchangeably and they were well-known regionally for blues music. Their most well known songs were \"Happy Fool\" (as Belva \u0026amp; The Randolph Brothers) and \"What It Is Part I / What It Is Part II\" as The Randolph Bros. Plus.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe Randolph Brothers\u003c/emph\u003e was active from 1968 through at least 1972 and included brothers Alfred (Saxophone + Manager), Michael (Guitar), Reginald (Saxophone, Co-Manager, Vocals), Marvin (Bass Guitar), Rodney (Drums). At some point, a sixth brother (either Phillip or Clinton) joined the band on the keyboard. No source confirming which brother has been found.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eBelva and The Randolph Brothers\u003c/emph\u003e was active from around 1971 through at least 1974. This group featured Belva as the lead vocalist with Alfred, Michael, Reginald, Marvin, and Rodney in the band. It also included backup vocals by their sister Valerie and cousin Brenda Bryant.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003eThe Randolph Bros. Plus Lounge Combo\u003c/emph\u003e was created around 1975 as an additional band focused on the cocktail lounge circuit.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Randolph Brothers had contracts with Star City Records, HIT Attractions Inc., and an association with WTOY, Roanoke, Virginia's, Soul station. They also applied for a copyright on their song \"What It Is\" under the name Hot Tomato Publishing Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUlysses Randolph was born May 19, 1920 in Roanoke, Virginia and died July 24, 2011. He worked on the railroad for Norfolk \u0026amp; Western and as a laborer at Shaffer's Crossing. On November 3, 1944, he married Willie Beatrice Petty, (born November 17, 1925, died May 28, 1998)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUlysses and Willie had seven sons and five daughters. During the 1960s and 1970s, their children formed family bands managed by their eldest son Alfred, and co-managed by their second son, Michael. Eventually, the bands would include at least six of their sons, two of their daughters, and at least one cousin.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eTheir children:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGloria Latrisia Randolph (circa 1941 -), married James L. Jones on June 30, 1972\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEugenia (Genie) M. Randolph (circa 1943 -), married Stan Philpott\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAlfred Henry Randolph II (1945-02-18 - 2024-06-28), married Charlene Olivia Miller on April 23, 1962. Alfred played saxophone and managed the Randolph family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMichael Francis Randolph (1946-03-04 - ), married Gay Christa Ballou on April 3, 1971. Michael played guitar, and wrote and arranged music the family bands.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReginald McKinley Randolph, Sr.(1947-08-24 - 2016-03-07), married Rosa Lee Henderson on August 28, 1966. Reginald played saxophone, provided vocals, and co-managed the family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBelva Lorraine Shannon (1949-08-23 - 2023-01-25), married Leon Eldridge Hamlet on October 28, 1967 and they divorced March 2, 1970. She later married Willie Shannon on May 11, 1973. Belva was the lead vocalist for the family bands. She also worked for WTOY, the local Soul radio station.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eValerie Denise Randolph (1951-04-15 - ), married Melvin William Garrett on October 28, 1987 and they divorced November 28, 1994. She later married Samuel Franklin, Jr. on July 1, 2006. Valerie provided backup vocals for the family bands.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMarvin Alton Randolph, Sr. (1954-10-26 - 2024-01-02), married Vera Jones on October 16, 1975 and they divorced May 26, 1988. He later married Brenda Catherine Small on July 15, 1995. Marvin played bass guitar in the family bands. Later, from 1985 to 1988, he played in the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026amp; Blue.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRodney Jerome Randolph (1956-04-08 - ), married Lolita Morton on August 23, 1981. Rodney played drums in the family bands and later was the drummer for the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026amp; Blue.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eStephanie Yvonne Randolph (1960-02-23 - ) married Donald Leroy Campbell, Jr. on September 15, 1988.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePhillip Anthony Randolph (1961-03-04 - ) married Dianne Elisabeth Worrell on August 15, 1981. Phillip worked as a railroad brakeman and conductor for thirty-three years. It is not clear whether he or his brother Clinton played the keyboard with the family bands.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eClinton David Randolph (1962-12-26 - ) married Virginia Louise Jennings on May 16, 1988. It is not clear whether he or his brother Phillip played the keyboard with the family bands.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note","Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia, had three family music groups in the 1960s and 1970s. Their bands operated somewhat interchangeably and they were well-known regionally for blues music. Their most well known songs were \"Happy Fool\" (as Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers) and \"What It Is Part I / What It Is Part II\" as The Randolph Bros. Plus.","The Randolph Brothers  was active from 1968 through at least 1972 and included brothers Alfred (Saxophone + Manager), Michael (Guitar), Reginald (Saxophone, Co-Manager, Vocals), Marvin (Bass Guitar), Rodney (Drums). At some point, a sixth brother (either Phillip or Clinton) joined the band on the keyboard. No source confirming which brother has been found.","Belva and The Randolph Brothers  was active from around 1971 through at least 1974. This group featured Belva as the lead vocalist with Alfred, Michael, Reginald, Marvin, and Rodney in the band. It also included backup vocals by their sister Valerie and cousin Brenda Bryant.","The Randolph Bros. Plus Lounge Combo  was created around 1975 as an additional band focused on the cocktail lounge circuit.","The Randolph Brothers had contracts with Star City Records, HIT Attractions Inc., and an association with WTOY, Roanoke, Virginia's, Soul station. They also applied for a copyright on their song \"What It Is\" under the name Hot Tomato Publishing Company.","Ulysses Randolph was born May 19, 1920 in Roanoke, Virginia and died July 24, 2011. He worked on the railroad for Norfolk \u0026 Western and as a laborer at Shaffer's Crossing. On November 3, 1944, he married Willie Beatrice Petty, (born November 17, 1925, died May 28, 1998)","Ulysses and Willie had seven sons and five daughters. During the 1960s and 1970s, their children formed family bands managed by their eldest son Alfred, and co-managed by their second son, Michael. Eventually, the bands would include at least six of their sons, two of their daughters, and at least one cousin.","Their children:","Gloria Latrisia Randolph (circa 1941 -), married James L. Jones on June 30, 1972","Eugenia (Genie) M. Randolph (circa 1943 -), married Stan Philpott","Alfred Henry Randolph II (1945-02-18 - 2024-06-28), married Charlene Olivia Miller on April 23, 1962. Alfred played saxophone and managed the Randolph family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band.","Michael Francis Randolph (1946-03-04 - ), married Gay Christa Ballou on April 3, 1971. Michael played guitar, and wrote and arranged music the family bands.","Reginald McKinley Randolph, Sr.(1947-08-24 - 2016-03-07), married Rosa Lee Henderson on August 28, 1966. Reginald played saxophone, provided vocals, and co-managed the family bands. He also spent time as a member of the Chevys and Premiers band. ","Belva Lorraine Shannon (1949-08-23 - 2023-01-25), married Leon Eldridge Hamlet on October 28, 1967 and they divorced March 2, 1970. She later married Willie Shannon on May 11, 1973. Belva was the lead vocalist for the family bands. She also worked for WTOY, the local Soul radio station.","Valerie Denise Randolph (1951-04-15 - ), married Melvin William Garrett on October 28, 1987 and they divorced November 28, 1994. She later married Samuel Franklin, Jr. on July 1, 2006. Valerie provided backup vocals for the family bands.","Marvin Alton Randolph, Sr. (1954-10-26 - 2024-01-02), married Vera Jones on October 16, 1975 and they divorced May 26, 1988. He later married Brenda Catherine Small on July 15, 1995. Marvin played bass guitar in the family bands. Later, from 1985 to 1988, he played in the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026 Blue.","Rodney Jerome Randolph (1956-04-08 - ), married Lolita Morton on August 23, 1981. Rodney played drums in the family bands and later was the drummer for the Greensboro, North Carolina, band Black \u0026 Blue.","Stephanie Yvonne Randolph (1960-02-23 - ) married Donald Leroy Campbell, Jr. on September 15, 1988.","Phillip Anthony Randolph (1961-03-04 - ) married Dianne Elisabeth Worrell on August 15, 1981. Phillip worked as a railroad brakeman and conductor for thirty-three years. It is not clear whether he or his brother Clinton played the keyboard with the family bands.","Clinton David Randolph (1962-12-26 - ) married Virginia Louise Jennings on May 16, 1988. It is not clear whether he or his brother Phillip played the keyboard with the family bands."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection, 1968-1975, Ms2026-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection, 1968-1975, Ms2026-003, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection was completed in March, 2026.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Randolph Family (Musical Groups) Collection was completed in March, 2026."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003ePlease contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . ","Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_fb0766e2ff8fd5ad5ec22769c3be57a6\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains photographs, papers, and artifacts related to the musical groups of the Randolph family of Roanoke, Virginia. The photographs feature publicity photos of the family bands and an album with private family photos. The papers include business cards, band contracts, programs and promotional posters, a newspaper article, a calendar of show dates, and copyright paperwork for the song \"What it is\". Also included is Alfred's stage costume with multiple bow tie options."],"names_coll_ssim":["Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Randolph Brothers Plus (Musical Group)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Randolph Brothers Plus (Musical Group)","Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Belva \u0026 The Randolph Brothers (Musical group)","Randolph Brothers Plus (Musical Group)"],"famname_ssim":["Randolph family (Ulysses Randolph, 1920-2011)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in this collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":17,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:09:36.445Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4571"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Robert Younger Norman Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4000.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Norman, Robert Younger, Papers","title_ssm":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.058"],"text":["Ms.2022.058","Robert Younger Norman Papers","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by topic.","Robert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. ","Norman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. ","Norman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.","External Sources:","U.S. Censuses, 1920-1950","\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441 , accessed September 7, 2023.","The Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s.","The guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022.","This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)","Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.058"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by topic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by topic."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNorman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNorman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Censuses, 1920-1950\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. ","Norman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. ","Norman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.","External Sources:","U.S. Censuses, 1920-1950","\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441 , accessed September 7, 2023.","The Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert Younger Norman Papers, 1956-1976, Ms2022-058, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert Younger Norman Papers, 1956-1976, Ms2022-058, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_80a55e8ebb114067a161047cca0c55ac\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)","Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:23:12.079Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4000.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Norman, Robert Younger, Papers","title_ssm":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.058"],"text":["Ms.2022.058","Robert Younger Norman Papers","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by topic.","Robert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. ","Norman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. ","Norman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.","External Sources:","U.S. Censuses, 1920-1950","\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441 , accessed September 7, 2023.","The Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s.","The guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022.","This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)","Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.058"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by topic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by topic."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNorman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNorman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Censuses, 1920-1950\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. ","Norman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. ","Norman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.","External Sources:","U.S. Censuses, 1920-1950","\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441 , accessed September 7, 2023.","The Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert Younger Norman Papers, 1956-1976, Ms2022-058, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert Younger Norman Papers, 1956-1976, Ms2022-058, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_80a55e8ebb114067a161047cca0c55ac\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. 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