{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1959\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess_subjects%5D%5B%5D=African+Americans+--+History\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1959\u0026f%5Blevel%5D%5B%5D=Collection\u0026page=1"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":null,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":1,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":6,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":true}},"data":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge, Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows. The collection also contains correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group, the Household of Ruth.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1516.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records","title_ssm":["Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records"],"title_tesim":["Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1902-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-1969"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.009"],"text":["Ms.1988.009","Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records","Blacksburg (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The records are arranged in two series - Tadmore Light Lodge and Household of Ruth, and then arranged chronologically with undated items at the end.","The Blacksburg Odd Fellows Lodge is the Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 and was probably formed in December of 1904. It was a branch of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, a fraternal and mutual relief society for people of color. The Household of Ruth was an auxiliary for wives of fellows.","Read more on the SCUA blog posts,  \"Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, Tadmore Light Lodge, No. 6184 (Blacksburg, VA)\"  and  Household of Ruth, No. 5533 , both by archivist Anthony Wright de Hernandez.","The guide to the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records was completed in 2000. Minimal description was completed prior to 1998.","The Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge. There are also correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group - the Household of Ruth.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge, Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows. The collection also contains correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group, the Household of Ruth.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. 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Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1988. The uniform coat was acquired in 2002."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.4 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3.4 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1988-009\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records are arranged in two series - Tadmore Light Lodge and Household of Ruth, and then arranged chronologically with undated items at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The records are arranged in two series - Tadmore Light Lodge and Household of Ruth, and then arranged chronologically with undated items at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blacksburg Odd Fellows Lodge is the Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 and was probably formed in December of 1904. It was a branch of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, a fraternal and mutual relief society for people of color. The Household of Ruth was an auxiliary for wives of fellows.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRead more on the SCUA blog posts, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://scuablog.lib.vt.edu/2017/02/09/grand-united-order-of-odd-fellows-tadmore-light-lodge-no-6184-blacksburg-va/\"\u003e\"Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, Tadmore Light Lodge, No. 6184 (Blacksburg, VA)\"\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://scuablog.lib.vt.edu/2017/03/21/household-of-ruth-no-5533/\"\u003eHousehold of Ruth, No. 5533\u003c/a\u003e, both by archivist Anthony Wright de Hernandez.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Blacksburg Odd Fellows Lodge is the Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 and was probably formed in December of 1904. It was a branch of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, a fraternal and mutual relief society for people of color. The Household of Ruth was an auxiliary for wives of fellows.","Read more on the SCUA blog posts,  \"Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, Tadmore Light Lodge, No. 6184 (Blacksburg, VA)\"  and  Household of Ruth, No. 5533 , both by archivist Anthony Wright de Hernandez."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records, 1902-1969, Ms1988-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records, 1902-1969, Ms1988-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records was completed in 2000. Minimal description was completed prior to 1998.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records was completed in 2000. Minimal description was completed prior to 1998."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge. There are also correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group - the Household of Ruth.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge. There are also correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group - the Household of Ruth."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1168bc1052a14604a5a994e791ee6b39\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge, Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows. The collection also contains correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group, the Household of Ruth.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge, Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows. The collection also contains correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group, the Household of Ruth."],"names_coll_ssim":["Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":137,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:17:13.809Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1516.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records","title_ssm":["Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records"],"title_tesim":["Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1902-1969"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1902-1969"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.009"],"text":["Ms.1988.009","Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records","Blacksburg (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","The collection is open for research.","Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online.","The records are arranged in two series - Tadmore Light Lodge and Household of Ruth, and then arranged chronologically with undated items at the end.","The Blacksburg Odd Fellows Lodge is the Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 and was probably formed in December of 1904. It was a branch of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, a fraternal and mutual relief society for people of color. The Household of Ruth was an auxiliary for wives of fellows.","Read more on the SCUA blog posts,  \"Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, Tadmore Light Lodge, No. 6184 (Blacksburg, VA)\"  and  Household of Ruth, No. 5533 , both by archivist Anthony Wright de Hernandez.","The guide to the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records was completed in 2000. Minimal description was completed prior to 1998.","The Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge. There are also correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group - the Household of Ruth.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge, Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows. The collection also contains correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group, the Household of Ruth.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records"],"collection_ssim":["Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The collection was donated to Special Collections and University Archives in 1988. The uniform coat was acquired in 2002."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["3.4 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3.4 Cubic Feet 4 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/Ms1988-009\"\u003eSome of this collection has been digitized and is available online.\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Some of this collection has been digitized and is available online."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe records are arranged in two series - Tadmore Light Lodge and Household of Ruth, and then arranged chronologically with undated items at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The records are arranged in two series - Tadmore Light Lodge and Household of Ruth, and then arranged chronologically with undated items at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blacksburg Odd Fellows Lodge is the Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 and was probably formed in December of 1904. It was a branch of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, a fraternal and mutual relief society for people of color. The Household of Ruth was an auxiliary for wives of fellows.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRead more on the SCUA blog posts, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://scuablog.lib.vt.edu/2017/02/09/grand-united-order-of-odd-fellows-tadmore-light-lodge-no-6184-blacksburg-va/\"\u003e\"Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, Tadmore Light Lodge, No. 6184 (Blacksburg, VA)\"\u003c/a\u003e and \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://scuablog.lib.vt.edu/2017/03/21/household-of-ruth-no-5533/\"\u003eHousehold of Ruth, No. 5533\u003c/a\u003e, both by archivist Anthony Wright de Hernandez.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Blacksburg Odd Fellows Lodge is the Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 and was probably formed in December of 1904. It was a branch of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, a fraternal and mutual relief society for people of color. The Household of Ruth was an auxiliary for wives of fellows.","Read more on the SCUA blog posts,  \"Grand United Order of Odd Fellows, Tadmore Light Lodge, No. 6184 (Blacksburg, VA)\"  and  Household of Ruth, No. 5533 , both by archivist Anthony Wright de Hernandez."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records, 1902-1969, Ms1988-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records, 1902-1969, Ms1988-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records was completed in 2000. Minimal description was completed prior to 1998.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records was completed in 2000. Minimal description was completed prior to 1998."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge. There are also correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group - the Household of Ruth.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge. There are also correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group - the Household of Ruth."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1168bc1052a14604a5a994e791ee6b39\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge, Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows. The collection also contains correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group, the Household of Ruth.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Blacksburg [Virginia] Odd Fellows Records consist of financial records, correspondence, minute books, brochures of several annual conferences, by-laws and odd issues of the Odd Fellows Journal for the men's lodge, Tadmore Light Lodge No. 6184 of the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows. The collection also contains correspondence, minutes and financial records for the women's group, the Household of Ruth."],"names_coll_ssim":["Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Grand United Order of Odd Fellows in America. Tadmore Light Lodge #6184 (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":137,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:17:13.809Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1516"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Independent Order of St. Luke Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records, a social-welfare organization for African Americans, consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. 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Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1625.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Independent Order of St. Luke Records","title_ssm":["Independent Order of St. Luke Records"],"title_tesim":["Independent Order of St. Luke Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1877-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1877-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.121"],"text":["Ms.1988.121","Independent Order of St. Luke Records","Blacksburg (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","The collection is open to research.","The collection is organized into two series, Records and Oversize Materials, then arranged chronologically, with undated materials at the end.","The Right Worthy Grand Council Independent Order of St. Luke was established in 1867 by Mary Prout of Baltimore, Maryland. 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Additional work was completed in 2001.","The bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records, a social-welfare organization for African Americans, consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.121"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Independent Order of St. Luke Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Independent Order of St. Luke Records"],"collection_ssim":["Independent Order of St. Luke Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.1 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.1 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into two series, Records and Oversize Materials, then arranged chronologically, with undated materials at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into two series, Records and Oversize Materials, then arranged chronologically, with undated materials at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Right Worthy Grand Council Independent Order of St. Luke was established in 1867 by Mary Prout of Baltimore, Maryland. It was organized to \"promote the general welfare of society by uniting fraternally Negro persons of good moral character who are physically, morally, and socially acceptable, to educate and assist its members in thrift, to create and maintain funds out of which members...may receive benefits for themselves or their beneficiaries, [and] to provide death benefit protection to members\" (Rules and Regulations handbook, 1933).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Right Worthy Grand Council Independent Order of St. Luke was established in 1867 by Mary Prout of Baltimore, Maryland. It was organized to \"promote the general welfare of society by uniting fraternally Negro persons of good moral character who are physically, morally, and socially acceptable, to educate and assist its members in thrift, to create and maintain funds out of which members...may receive benefits for themselves or their beneficiaries, [and] to provide death benefit protection to members\" (Rules and Regulations handbook, 1933)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Independent Order of St. Luke by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Independent Order of St. Luke by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Independent Order of St. Luke, Ms1988-121, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Independent Order of St. Luke, Ms1988-121, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Independent Order of St. Luke Records was completed in April 1991. Additional work was completed in 2001.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Independent Order of St. Luke Records was completed in April 1991. Additional work was completed in 2001."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6af03144e5944f141e38096dfdc143ab\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records, a social-welfare organization for African Americans, consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records, a social-welfare organization for African Americans, consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:41:13.163Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1625.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Independent Order of St. Luke Records","title_ssm":["Independent Order of St. Luke Records"],"title_tesim":["Independent Order of St. Luke Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1877-1970"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1877-1970"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1988.121"],"text":["Ms.1988.121","Independent Order of St. Luke Records","Blacksburg (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)","The collection is open to research.","The collection is organized into two series, Records and Oversize Materials, then arranged chronologically, with undated materials at the end.","The Right Worthy Grand Council Independent Order of St. Luke was established in 1867 by Mary Prout of Baltimore, Maryland. 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Additional work was completed in 2001.","The bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records, a social-welfare organization for African Americans, consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1988.121"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Independent Order of St. Luke Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["Independent Order of St. Luke Records"],"collection_ssim":["Independent Order of St. Luke Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Blacksburg (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Montgomery County (Va.)"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["1.1 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["1.1 Cubic Feet 3 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized into two series, Records and Oversize Materials, then arranged chronologically, with undated materials at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized into two series, Records and Oversize Materials, then arranged chronologically, with undated materials at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Right Worthy Grand Council Independent Order of St. Luke was established in 1867 by Mary Prout of Baltimore, Maryland. It was organized to \"promote the general welfare of society by uniting fraternally Negro persons of good moral character who are physically, morally, and socially acceptable, to educate and assist its members in thrift, to create and maintain funds out of which members...may receive benefits for themselves or their beneficiaries, [and] to provide death benefit protection to members\" (Rules and Regulations handbook, 1933).\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Right Worthy Grand Council Independent Order of St. Luke was established in 1867 by Mary Prout of Baltimore, Maryland. It was organized to \"promote the general welfare of society by uniting fraternally Negro persons of good moral character who are physically, morally, and socially acceptable, to educate and assist its members in thrift, to create and maintain funds out of which members...may receive benefits for themselves or their beneficiaries, [and] to provide death benefit protection to members\" (Rules and Regulations handbook, 1933)."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Independent Order of St. Luke by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Independent Order of St. Luke by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Independent Order of St. Luke, Ms1988-121, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Independent Order of St. Luke, Ms1988-121, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Independent Order of St. Luke Records was completed in April 1991. Additional work was completed in 2001.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Independent Order of St. Luke Records was completed in April 1991. Additional work was completed in 2001."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_6af03144e5944f141e38096dfdc143ab\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records, a social-welfare organization for African Americans, consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The bulk of the materials in the Independent Order of St. Luke Records, a social-welfare organization for African Americans, consist of handbooks, correspondence, receipts, programs, membership records, annual reports, and assessment reports of the Order, collected primarily from members in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also includes the minutes (1920-1938) of the Blacksburg chapters of the Busy Bee and Maggie L. Walker (Secretary of the Independent Order of St. Luke) Circles."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Independent Order of St. Luke (Blacksburg, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":46,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:41:13.163Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1625"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"New Farmers of America. Maryland Association","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1345.xml","title_filing_ssi":"New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records","title_ssm":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"title_tesim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1980.002"],"text":["Ms.1980.002","New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records","African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Science and Technology","The collection is open to research.","The items in this collection are ordered alphabetically.","The New Farmers of America (NFA) was national organization for Black students studying vocational agriculture. The organization's stated purpose was to form a group with the same basic goals as the all-white Future Farmers of America (FFA). By 1938, when the first of their organzational manuals was published, the NFA had some 800 high school chapters and over 20,000 active members.","The guide to the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","This collection contains photographs (most of which are annotated), newspaper clippings, and letters from the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.","Approximately 9 images showing things such as a table-top farm model; outdoor exhibits of birdhouses and farm artifacts; working farms; and an animal husbandry class.","Approximately 15 images showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter in Loveville, Maryland, as well as scenes of a school beautification project, various groups, and award ceremonies.","Approximately 3 images, with one type sheet describing them, showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter on a week's camping trip in Ridge, Maryland.","Approximately 9 images, annotated on the back, showing NFA activities at the Douglas School in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.","Approximately 29 images, many annotated, showing scenes of the Maryland NFA state convention activities, including group photographs, award presentations, and exhibit areas.","Approximately 5 images showing award winners and officers of the NFA.","Approximately 17 images showing farm scenes, tobacco crops, and a display of hams.","This file includes nine mounted newspaper clippings; five mounted photos on scrapbook pages with annotations; four 3\" x 5\" typed cards outlining a speech on the history of the NFA given on 11 April 1957; and one letter from David H. Smith (Banneker High School) to Professor J. A. Oliver (Princess Anne College, Maryland).","The six volumes of the  Guide for the New Farmers of America , 1938, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1960, have been removed and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection (S1/N46a). The guide is an organizational manual for members, which contains information on such things as the NFA constitution, programs, and ceremonies. The first two editions are heavily annotated, indicating adaptations and alterations of the national organization taken by the Maryland Association of the NFA.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1980.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"collection_ssim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"creator_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"creators_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe items in this collection are ordered alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The items in this collection are ordered alphabetically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe New Farmers of America (NFA) was national organization for Black students studying vocational agriculture. The organization's stated purpose was to form a group with the same basic goals as the all-white Future Farmers of America (FFA). By 1938, when the first of their organzational manuals was published, the NFA had some 800 high school chapters and over 20,000 active members.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The New Farmers of America (NFA) was national organization for Black students studying vocational agriculture. The organization's stated purpose was to form a group with the same basic goals as the all-white Future Farmers of America (FFA). By 1938, when the first of their organzational manuals was published, the NFA had some 800 high school chapters and over 20,000 active members."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association, Ms1980-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association, Ms1980-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains photographs (most of which are annotated), newspaper clippings, and letters from the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 9 images showing things such as a table-top farm model; outdoor exhibits of birdhouses and farm artifacts; working farms; and an animal husbandry class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 15 images showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter in Loveville, Maryland, as well as scenes of a school beautification project, various groups, and award ceremonies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 3 images, with one type sheet describing them, showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter on a week's camping trip in Ridge, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 9 images, annotated on the back, showing NFA activities at the Douglas School in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 29 images, many annotated, showing scenes of the Maryland NFA state convention activities, including group photographs, award presentations, and exhibit areas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 5 images showing award winners and officers of the NFA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 17 images showing farm scenes, tobacco crops, and a display of hams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file includes nine mounted newspaper clippings; five mounted photos on scrapbook pages with annotations; four 3\" x 5\" typed cards outlining a speech on the history of the NFA given on 11 April 1957; and one letter from David H. Smith (Banneker High School) to Professor J. A. Oliver (Princess Anne College, Maryland).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains photographs (most of which are annotated), newspaper clippings, and letters from the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.","Approximately 9 images showing things such as a table-top farm model; outdoor exhibits of birdhouses and farm artifacts; working farms; and an animal husbandry class.","Approximately 15 images showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter in Loveville, Maryland, as well as scenes of a school beautification project, various groups, and award ceremonies.","Approximately 3 images, with one type sheet describing them, showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter on a week's camping trip in Ridge, Maryland.","Approximately 9 images, annotated on the back, showing NFA activities at the Douglas School in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.","Approximately 29 images, many annotated, showing scenes of the Maryland NFA state convention activities, including group photographs, award presentations, and exhibit areas.","Approximately 5 images showing award winners and officers of the NFA.","Approximately 17 images showing farm scenes, tobacco crops, and a display of hams.","This file includes nine mounted newspaper clippings; five mounted photos on scrapbook pages with annotations; four 3\" x 5\" typed cards outlining a speech on the history of the NFA given on 11 April 1957; and one letter from David H. Smith (Banneker High School) to Professor J. A. Oliver (Princess Anne College, Maryland)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe six volumes of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGuide for the New Farmers of America\u003c/title\u003e, 1938, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1960, have been removed and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection (S1/N46a). The guide is an organizational manual for members, which contains information on such things as the NFA constitution, programs, and ceremonies. The first two editions are heavily annotated, indicating adaptations and alterations of the national organization taken by the Maryland Association of the NFA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The six volumes of the  Guide for the New Farmers of America , 1938, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1960, have been removed and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection (S1/N46a). The guide is an organizational manual for members, which contains information on such things as the NFA constitution, programs, and ceremonies. The first two editions are heavily annotated, indicating adaptations and alterations of the national organization taken by the Maryland Association of the NFA."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1f181c86d2b146290a62975b600541ac\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association."],"names_coll_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:21.060Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_1345.xml","title_filing_ssi":"New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records","title_ssm":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"title_tesim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"unitdate_ssm":["1928-1960"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1928-1960"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.1980.002"],"text":["Ms.1980.002","New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records","African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Science and Technology","The collection is open to research.","The items in this collection are ordered alphabetically.","The New Farmers of America (NFA) was national organization for Black students studying vocational agriculture. The organization's stated purpose was to form a group with the same basic goals as the all-white Future Farmers of America (FFA). By 1938, when the first of their organzational manuals was published, the NFA had some 800 high school chapters and over 20,000 active members.","The guide to the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","This collection contains photographs (most of which are annotated), newspaper clippings, and letters from the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.","Approximately 9 images showing things such as a table-top farm model; outdoor exhibits of birdhouses and farm artifacts; working farms; and an animal husbandry class.","Approximately 15 images showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter in Loveville, Maryland, as well as scenes of a school beautification project, various groups, and award ceremonies.","Approximately 3 images, with one type sheet describing them, showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter on a week's camping trip in Ridge, Maryland.","Approximately 9 images, annotated on the back, showing NFA activities at the Douglas School in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.","Approximately 29 images, many annotated, showing scenes of the Maryland NFA state convention activities, including group photographs, award presentations, and exhibit areas.","Approximately 5 images showing award winners and officers of the NFA.","Approximately 17 images showing farm scenes, tobacco crops, and a display of hams.","This file includes nine mounted newspaper clippings; five mounted photos on scrapbook pages with annotations; four 3\" x 5\" typed cards outlining a speech on the history of the NFA given on 11 April 1957; and one letter from David H. Smith (Banneker High School) to Professor J. A. Oliver (Princess Anne College, Maryland).","The six volumes of the  Guide for the New Farmers of America , 1938, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1960, have been removed and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection (S1/N46a). The guide is an organizational manual for members, which contains information on such things as the NFA constitution, programs, and ceremonies. The first two editions are heavily annotated, indicating adaptations and alterations of the national organization taken by the Maryland Association of the NFA.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.1980.002"],"normalized_title_ssm":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"collection_title_tesim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"collection_ssim":["New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"creator_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"creators_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Science and Technology"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Agriculture","Science and Technology"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.2 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open to research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open to research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe items in this collection are ordered alphabetically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The items in this collection are ordered alphabetically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe New Farmers of America (NFA) was national organization for Black students studying vocational agriculture. The organization's stated purpose was to form a group with the same basic goals as the all-white Future Farmers of America (FFA). By 1938, when the first of their organzational manuals was published, the NFA had some 800 high school chapters and over 20,000 active members.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The New Farmers of America (NFA) was national organization for Black students studying vocational agriculture. The organization's stated purpose was to form a group with the same basic goals as the all-white Future Farmers of America (FFA). By 1938, when the first of their organzational manuals was published, the NFA had some 800 high school chapters and over 20,000 active members."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association Records by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association, Ms1980-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Records of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association, Ms1980-002, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains photographs (most of which are annotated), newspaper clippings, and letters from the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 9 images showing things such as a table-top farm model; outdoor exhibits of birdhouses and farm artifacts; working farms; and an animal husbandry class.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 15 images showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter in Loveville, Maryland, as well as scenes of a school beautification project, various groups, and award ceremonies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 3 images, with one type sheet describing them, showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter on a week's camping trip in Ridge, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 9 images, annotated on the back, showing NFA activities at the Douglas School in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 29 images, many annotated, showing scenes of the Maryland NFA state convention activities, including group photographs, award presentations, and exhibit areas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 5 images showing award winners and officers of the NFA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApproximately 17 images showing farm scenes, tobacco crops, and a display of hams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis file includes nine mounted newspaper clippings; five mounted photos on scrapbook pages with annotations; four 3\" x 5\" typed cards outlining a speech on the history of the NFA given on 11 April 1957; and one letter from David H. Smith (Banneker High School) to Professor J. A. Oliver (Princess Anne College, Maryland).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content","Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains photographs (most of which are annotated), newspaper clippings, and letters from the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.","Approximately 9 images showing things such as a table-top farm model; outdoor exhibits of birdhouses and farm artifacts; working farms; and an animal husbandry class.","Approximately 15 images showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter in Loveville, Maryland, as well as scenes of a school beautification project, various groups, and award ceremonies.","Approximately 3 images, with one type sheet describing them, showing the Banneker High School NFA Chapter on a week's camping trip in Ridge, Maryland.","Approximately 9 images, annotated on the back, showing NFA activities at the Douglas School in Upper Marlboro, Maryland.","Approximately 29 images, many annotated, showing scenes of the Maryland NFA state convention activities, including group photographs, award presentations, and exhibit areas.","Approximately 5 images showing award winners and officers of the NFA.","Approximately 17 images showing farm scenes, tobacco crops, and a display of hams.","This file includes nine mounted newspaper clippings; five mounted photos on scrapbook pages with annotations; four 3\" x 5\" typed cards outlining a speech on the history of the NFA given on 11 April 1957; and one letter from David H. Smith (Banneker High School) to Professor J. A. Oliver (Princess Anne College, Maryland)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe six volumes of the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eGuide for the New Farmers of America\u003c/title\u003e, 1938, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1960, have been removed and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection (S1/N46a). The guide is an organizational manual for members, which contains information on such things as the NFA constitution, programs, and ceremonies. The first two editions are heavily annotated, indicating adaptations and alterations of the national organization taken by the Maryland Association of the NFA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["The six volumes of the  Guide for the New Farmers of America , 1938, 1940, 1946, 1952, 1958, 1960, have been removed and cataloged for the Special Collections Rare Book Collection (S1/N46a). The guide is an organizational manual for members, which contains information on such things as the NFA constitution, programs, and ceremonies. The first two editions are heavily annotated, indicating adaptations and alterations of the national organization taken by the Maryland Association of the NFA."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_1f181c86d2b146290a62975b600541ac\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection mostly comprises photographs dating from the 1920s-1960s concerning the activities of the New Farmers of America, Maryland Association."],"names_coll_ssim":["New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","New Farmers of America. Maryland Association"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":8,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:18:21.060Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_1345"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3334.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection","title_ssm":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"title_tesim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1926-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2019.009"],"text":["Ms.2019.009","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","The collection is open for research.","The collection has been digitized and is  available online .","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. ","I. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","II. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","III. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. ","In 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.","Sources: ","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection \"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital,  https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html .","The guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2019.009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/264\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The collection has been digitized and is  available online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eII. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIII. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. ","I. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","II. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","III. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePiedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html\"\u003ehttps://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. ","In 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.","Sources: ","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection \"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital,  https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html ."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection, Ms2019-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection, Ms2019-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_281ca7f93baa5dc77b4bb8025c9d8927\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:17:27.711Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_3334.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection","title_ssm":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"title_tesim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1926-1971"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1926-1971"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2019.009"],"text":["Ms.2019.009","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine","The collection is open for research.","The collection has been digitized and is  available online .","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. ","I. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","II. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","III. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. ","In 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.","Sources: ","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection \"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital,  https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html .","The guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2019.009"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"collection_ssim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2018."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Medicine","Folk, historical, and patent medicine"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection has been digitized and is \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"http://digitalsc.lib.vt.edu/collections/show/264\"\u003eavailable online\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["The collection has been digitized and is  available online ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eI. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eII. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIII. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection is arranged in three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images. ","I. Administrative Papers contains the following items: different versions and revisions of \"A Brief History of Piedmont Sanatorium\", administrative documents (including patient population and drug lists), bulletins, and published papers by staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","II. Ephemera contains newspaper clippings, materials relating to the graduation of nurses, and a story entitled \"Adventures in a Wheelchair.\" This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order.","III. Images contains stamps and postcards with pictures of the sanatorium. There is also a photograph of staff. This series is arranged by material type. Within each folder, materials are in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003clist\u003e\n\u003citem\u003ePiedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003citem\u003e\"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html\"\u003ehttps://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/item\u003e\n\u003c/list\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) was a hospital open to African American patients in order to treat tuberculosis from 1917-1965. Shortly after the sanatorium opened, a two-year school for training African-American nurses was opened, and it closed in 1960. ","In 1967, the institution became the Piedmont State Hospital, offering psychiatric treatment as well as medical treatment for chronic lung diseases. It moved from the State Department of Health to the State Department of Mental Hygiene and Hospitals. The hospital eventually became the Piedmont Geriatric Hospital, offering mental health services to patients over the age of 64. It is a part of the Virginia Department of Behavioral Health and Developmental Services.","Sources: ","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection \"History\", Piedmont Geriatric Hospital,  https://pgh.dbhds.virginia.gov/history.html ."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection, Ms2019-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection, Ms2019-009, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection was completed in February 2019."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection consists of three series: Administrative Papers, Ephemera, and Images."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_281ca7f93baa5dc77b4bb8025c9d8927\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Virginia) Collection includes materials from 1926-1971. The collection contains information relating to the operation of the sanatorium from 1918-1965. The collection contains administrative papers, published works of doctors, ephemera, and images."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)","Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Piedmont Tuberculosis Sanatorium (Burkeville, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Carter, H. G. (Harry Gilmore), 1886-1926","Scott, Charles W.","Lee, Hyo Keun"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"total_component_count_is":12,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:17:27.711Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_3334"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Robert Younger Norman Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4000.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Norman, Robert Younger, Papers","title_ssm":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.058"],"text":["Ms.2022.058","Robert Younger Norman Papers","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by topic.","Robert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. ","Norman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. ","Norman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.","External Sources:","U.S. Censuses, 1920-1950","\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441 , accessed September 7, 2023.","The Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s.","The guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022.","This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)","Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.058"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by topic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by topic."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNorman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNorman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Censuses, 1920-1950\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. ","Norman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. ","Norman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.","External Sources:","U.S. Censuses, 1920-1950","\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441 , accessed September 7, 2023.","The Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert Younger Norman Papers, 1956-1976, Ms2022-058, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert Younger Norman Papers, 1956-1976, Ms2022-058, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_80a55e8ebb114067a161047cca0c55ac\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)","Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:23:12.079Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4000.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Norman, Robert Younger, Papers","title_ssm":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"title_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1956-1976"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1956-1976"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2022.058"],"text":["Ms.2022.058","Robert Younger Norman Papers","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion","The collection is open for research.","The collection is arranged by topic.","Robert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. ","Norman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. ","Norman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.","External Sources:","U.S. Censuses, 1920-1950","\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441 , accessed September 7, 2023.","The Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s.","The guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022.","This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)","Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","The materials in the collection are in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2022.058"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"collection_ssim":["Robert Younger Norman Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"creator_ssm":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977"],"creator_corpname_ssim":["Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in 2021."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Musical groups","Religion"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.4 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged by topic.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged by topic."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRobert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNorman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eNorman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal Sources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU.S. Censuses, 1920-1950\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441\u003c/a\u003e, accessed September 7, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Administrative History"],"bioghist_tesim":["Robert Younger Norman was born to John E. Norman, Sr., and Ora Estelle Norman (nee Morgan) on August 6, 1913, in Moneta, Virginia. As an adolescent, he moved to Roanoke and began working as a chauffeur. He married Willie Mae Smith (1910-2004) on March 11, 1938, in Roanoke. During World War II, Norman enlisted in the Quartermaster Corps of the U.S. Army from his enlistment on July 16, 1943, until his discharge on December 26, 1945. Later in life, he worked as a laborer in the gas industry in Roanoke and a farmer in Staunton. ","Norman was an active member of the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, from the 1950s onwards. The choir traveled Virginia to sing at church events. ","Norman died in Roanoke on October 13, 1977, and he and his wife Willie are buried in Hurts Gate Cemetery in Moneta.","External Sources:","U.S. Censuses, 1920-1950","\"Robert Younger Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63926470/robert-younger-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Mrs Willie Mae 'Aunt Willie' Smith Norman\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/63925992/willie-mae-norman , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Marriage Records, 1936-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/10976959:9279 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/1656010:9278 , accessed September 7, 2023.","\"Robert Younger Norman\" in the U.S., Department of Veterans Affairs BIRLS Death File, 1850-2010, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2072367:2441 , accessed September 7, 2023.","The Pilgrim Gospel Singers were a Black gospel choir associated with the Promise Land Baptist Church in Moneta, Virginia, from the 1950s to 1970s."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/a\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the Robert Younger Norman Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert Younger Norman Papers, 1956-1976, Ms2022-058, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], Robert Younger Norman Papers, 1956-1976, Ms2022-058, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the Robert Younger Norman Papers was completed in September 2022."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, an amry veteran, laborer, and singer. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member. Materials include correspondence related to performances, church programs and event flyers, financial notes, other personal notes, and other bills and official correspondence addressed to Norman."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuapublication\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (\u003ca href=\"mailto:specref@vt.edu\"\u003especref@vt.edu\u003c/a\u003e or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions may apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for assistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using our reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction . ","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can be requested using our publication/exhibition form:  http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives ( specref@vt.edu  or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_80a55e8ebb114067a161047cca0c55ac\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThis collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["This collection contains the papers of Robert Younger Norman, a singer, laborer, and veteran. Most materials relate to the Pilgrim Gospel Singers, a Black gospel choir active in Virginia from 1951 through the 1970s, of which Norman was a member."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)","Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Pilgrim Gospel Singers (Promise Land Baptist Church, Moneta, Va.)"],"persname_ssim":["Norman, Robert Younger, 1913-1977"],"language_ssim":["The materials in the collection are in English."],"total_component_count_is":6,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:23:12.079Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4000"}},{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"W. B. Gilmer Papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \u003cstrong\u003ePlease note:\u003c/strong\u003e This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4105.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Gilmer, W. B., Papers ","title_ssm":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"title_tesim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1962"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1962"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.059"],"text":["Ms.2023.059","W. B. Gilmer Papers","Louisa County (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education","The collection is open for research.","This collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order.","The W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.","W. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer  married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.","External sources: ","U. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950","\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer , accessed on June 15, 2023. ","\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from  The Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser , Dec. 29, 1916,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\",  The Daily Progress  (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014,  https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961 , accessed March 6, 2024.","The Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. ","External sources: ","\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia,  https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/ , accessed on June 15, 2023.","The guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024.","See also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:","W.B. Glimer account book,  MSS-16465,  Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library,  University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469.  Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","Loudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025),  Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA","David P. Neff Papers, MG 101,  Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties.","The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the  Central Virginian  (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.","In addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.","Please note:  This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n Please note:  This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties","Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.059"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"collection_ssim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers were purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in August 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eW. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer  married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on June 15, 2023. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser\u003c/title\u003e, Dec. 29, 1916, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\", \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Daily Progress\u003c/title\u003e (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961\"\u003ehttps://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/\"\u003ehttps://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on June 15, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Administrative History "],"bioghist_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.","W. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer  married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.","External sources: ","U. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950","\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer , accessed on June 15, 2023. ","\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from  The Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser , Dec. 29, 1916,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\",  The Daily Progress  (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014,  https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961 , accessed March 6, 2024.","The Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. ","External sources: ","\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia,  https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/ , accessed on June 15, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], W. B. Gilmer Papers, 1954-1962, Ms2023-059, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], W. B. Gilmer Papers, 1954-1962, Ms2023-059, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/repositories/3/resources/960\"\u003eW.B. Glimer account book,  MSS-16465,\u003c/a\u003e Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library,  University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi00569.xml\"\u003eDefenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469.\u003c/a\u003e Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=tbl/viletbl00059.xml\"\u003eLoudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025),\u003c/a\u003e Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_43.xml\"\u003eDavid P. Neff Papers, MG 101,\u003c/a\u003e Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:","W.B. Glimer account book,  MSS-16465,  Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library,  University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469.  Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","Loudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025),  Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA","David P. Neff Papers, MG 101,  Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCentral Virginian\u003c/title\u003e (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the  Central Virginian  (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.","In addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.","Please note:  This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_70a8a16d74548e2af45eee8252179931\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n Please note:  This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers."],"names_coll_ssim":["Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties","Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties"],"persname_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"language_ssim":["The material in this collection is in English."],"total_component_count_is":4,"online_item_count_is":0,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T02:35:30.036Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","ead_ssi":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","_root_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","_nest_parent_":"viblbv_repositories_2_resources_4105","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/VT/repositories_2_resources_4105.xml","title_filing_ssi":"Gilmer, W. B., Papers ","title_ssm":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"title_tesim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1954-1962"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1954-1962"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["Ms.2023.059"],"text":["Ms.2023.059","W. B. Gilmer Papers","Louisa County (Va.)","African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education","The collection is open for research.","This collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order.","The W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.","W. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer  married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.","External sources: ","U. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950","\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer , accessed on June 15, 2023. ","\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from  The Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser , Dec. 29, 1916,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\",  The Daily Progress  (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014,  https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961 , accessed March 6, 2024.","The Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. ","External sources: ","\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia,  https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/ , accessed on June 15, 2023.","The guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ ).","The processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024.","See also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:","W.B. Glimer account book,  MSS-16465,  Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library,  University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469.  Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","Loudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025),  Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA","David P. Neff Papers, MG 101,  Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties.","The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the  Central Virginian  (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.","In addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.","Please note:  This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.","The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.","The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n Please note:  This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.","Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties","Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)","The material in this collection is in English."],"unitid_tesim":["Ms.2023.059"],"normalized_title_ssm":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"collection_ssim":["W. B. Gilmer Papers"],"repository_ssm":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"repository_ssim":["Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University"],"geogname_ssm":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"geogname_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"creator_ssm":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creator_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"creators_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"places_ssim":["Louisa County (Va.)"],"access_terms_ssm":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"acqinfo_ssim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers were purchased by Special Collections and University Archives in August 2020."],"access_subjects_ssim":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education"],"access_subjects_ssm":["African Americans -- History","Local/Regional History and Appalachian South","Educational equalization","Discrimination in education"],"has_online_content_ssim":["false"],"extent_ssm":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"extent_tesim":["0.3 Cubic Feet 1 box"],"date_range_isim":[1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is in original order with original folder titles in quotes. It is primarily in chronological order."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eW. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer  married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eU. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer\"\u003ehttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on June 15, 2023. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser\u003c/title\u003e, Dec. 29, 1916, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116\"\u003ehttps://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\", \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eThe Daily Progress\u003c/title\u003e (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961\"\u003ehttps://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961\u003c/a\u003e, accessed March 6, 2024.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eExternal sources: \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia, \u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/\"\u003ehttps://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/\u003c/a\u003e, accessed on June 15, 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note","Administrative History "],"bioghist_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer of this collection lived at \"Woodbourne\" in Louisa, Virginia, and worked for the Gilmer Manufacturing Corporation in Louisa in the 1950s. Gilmer was one of the founding members of the Louisa Chapter of the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties, a political organization that fought integration in Virginia's public schools. Gilmer may have been secretary or another officer in the chapter. He left the group in 1959 or 1960, as he felt there was too much talk and not enough action, like boycotting businesses.","W. B. Gilmer is probably Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr. (1891-1964). He was born to William B. Gilmer, Jr., and Emma Haardt on August 17, 1891, in Montgomery, Alabama. He worked as a chemist and consulting chemical engineer in Georgia and Virginia and for the Tata Oil Mils Company, Ltd., in Ernakulam, India, as manager of their oil mill and butter plant. Gilmer  married Minnie Ruth Monroe (1891-1980) on December 22, 1916, in Savannah, Georgia, and they had several children: Weir Burton, Jr., Ruth, John R., and Margaret Lynn. According to the obituary for Lynn Gilmer Guilford, she was born in the family home, \"Woodbourne\". Gilmer died on February 20, 1964 in Richmond and is buried in Hillcrest Cemetery in Louisa, Virginia.","External sources: ","U. S. Federal Censuses, 1930-1950","\"Weir Burton Gilmer, Sr.\", Findagrave.com,  https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/29936086/weir-burton-gilmer , accessed on June 15, 2023. ","\"Weir Gilmer\" in the Virginia, U.S., Death Records, 1912-2014, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/2036699:9278 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Passport Applications, 1795-1925, Ancestry.com,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/572070:1174 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Mr. Weir Burton Gilmer\" in the U.S., Newspapers.com™ Marriage Index, 1800s-current, Ancestry.com, from  The Montgomery (Alabama) Advertiser , Dec. 29, 1916,  https://www.ancestrylibrary.com/discoveryui-content/view/112745487:62116 , accessed March 6, 2024.","\"Guilford Lynn Obituary\",  The Daily Progress  (Charlottesville, Va.), August 3, 2014,  https://www.legacy.com/us/obituaries/dailyprogress/name/guilford-lynn-obituary?id=10449961 , accessed March 6, 2024.","The Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties was a political organization created in Petersburg, Virginia, in 1954 to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The group formed folllowing the Supreme Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483 (1954), which established racial segregation in public schools as unconstitutional. The organization pushed for the closing of Virginia schools to avoid integration within the state's schools. The group promoted several \"Massive Resistance\" laws, and in 1956, the Virginia General Assembly passed laws to close schools forced to integrate and to deny funding to schools forced to open under integration, both of which were knocked down by courts in 1959. At this time, the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties started to decline in popularity, and it dissolved in 1967. ","External sources: ","\"Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties\", Encyclopedia Virginia,  https://encyclopediavirginia.org/entries/defenders-of-state-sovereignty-and-individual-liberties/ , accessed on June 15, 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 (\u003cextref href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\"\u003ehttps://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/\u003c/extref\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Rights Statement for Archival Description"],"odd_tesim":["The guide to the W. B. Gilmer Papers by Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, is licensed under a CC0 ( https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/public-domain/cc0/ )."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eResearchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], W. B. Gilmer Papers, 1954-1962, Ms2023-059, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: [identification of item], [box], [folder], W. B. Gilmer Papers, 1954-1962, Ms2023-059, Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Va."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["The processing, arrangement, and description of the W. B. Gilmer Papers was completed in June 2023. Additional processing and description was completed in March 2024."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSee also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/repositories/3/resources/960\"\u003eW.B. Glimer account book,  MSS-16465,\u003c/a\u003e Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library,  University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=lva/vi00569.xml\"\u003eDefenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469.\u003c/a\u003e Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=tbl/viletbl00059.xml\"\u003eLoudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025),\u003c/a\u003e Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003ca target=\"_blank\" href=\"https://ead.lib.virginia.edu/vivaxtf/view?docId=oai/ODU/repositories_5_resources_43.xml\"\u003eDavid P. Neff Papers, MG 101,\u003c/a\u003e Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Archival Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["See also the following related collections at other institutions in Virginia:","W.B. Glimer account book,  MSS-16465,  Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library,  University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Va.","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties. Records, 1956-1963. Accession 39469.  Organization records collection, The Library of Virginia, Richmond, Virginia.","Loudoun Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties Records (SC 0025),  Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, VA","David P. Neff Papers, MG 101,  Special Collections and University Archives, Old Dominion University Libraries. This contains materials about the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the \u003ctitle render=\"italic\"\u003eCentral Virginian\u003c/title\u003e (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties in Virginia from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools, and Gilmer was a founding member and officer of the Louisa, Virginia, chapter. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, copies of organizational documents, and newspaper clippings, primarily from the  Central Virginian  (Louisa, Va.) It also contains newsletters and memos from the group's headquarters in Richmond and similar organizations, draft documents from the Louisa chapter, and speeches by members of the U.S. Congress - such as Strom Thurmond and Harry Byrd - in copies of the Congressional Record.","In addition to the opposition of integration, the collection discusses white supremacist perspectives on related topics, such as Civil Rights, \"states' rights,\" immigration, communism, the NAACP, and interracial relationships.","Please note:  This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form: \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuareproduction\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eReproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/scuareproduction\"\u003ehttp://bit.ly/scuapublication\u003c/a\u003e. Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Reproduction and Use"],"userestrict_tesim":["The copyright status of this collection is unknown. Copyright restrictions\nmay apply. Contact Special Collections and University Archives for\nassistance in determining the use of these materials. ","Reproduction or\ndigitization of materials for personal or research use can be requested using\nour reproduction/digitization form:  http://bit.ly/scuareproduction .","Reproduction or digitization of materials for publication or exhibit use can\nbe requested using our publication/exhibition form:\n http://bit.ly/scuapublication . Please contact Special Collections and University Archives (specref@vt.edu or 540-231-6308) if you need assistance with forms or to submit a completed form."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"aspace_70a8a16d74548e2af45eee8252179931\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eThe W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n\u003cemph render=\"bold\"\u003ePlease note:\u003c/emph\u003e This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["The W. B. Gilmer Papers document the Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties from 1954-1962. The organization was formed to prevent integration in Virginia's public schools. The collection includes broadsides, circulars, letters, certificate of incorporation, newsletters and memos, and newspaper clippings. \n\n Please note:  This collection contains racist ideology and language that may be upsetting to researchers."],"names_coll_ssim":["Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties"],"names_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties","Gilmer, W. B. (Louisa, Va.)"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections and University Archives, Virginia Tech","Defenders of State Sovereignty and Individual Liberties"],"persname_ssim":["Gilmer, W. B. 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