{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1844","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1844\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1844\u0026page=4"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":4,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":38,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1222.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/136685","title_filing_ssi":"Chalmers, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead papers","title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1897"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1897"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222","Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers","United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History","Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence","Fair to good.","The collection is open for research use.","The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","There are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection.","Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. ","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the  Southern Churchmen , an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the  Boston Home Journal , the  New York Tribune , and the  Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. ","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the  Southern Churchmen  also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Lock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.","Annie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers","The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. ","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. ","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. "," The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the   The Richmond Times Dispatch  dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" ","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) ","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ ","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Included are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.","Condolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.","Includes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.","Other cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.","Samuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.","Includes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit","Letters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.","Letters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.","Papers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia","\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.","Enslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible","Zachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.","Blair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.","In her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"","Letter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.","Includes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".","Mr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.","A note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.","Letter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.","Letter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.","One page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.","Correspondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant","Includes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.","Some letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family","Photographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.","Includes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.","John Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous","Article Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.","Certificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"places_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Part of this collection was a deposit from Ernest C. Mead on January 5, 1955 which became a gift in 1998, another gift from Ernest C. Mead on January 30, 2007, and in 2020. There was an additional gift from James Blizzard Mead on September 27, 2012 to the Small Special Collections library at the University of Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good."],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["9 legal size document boxes, 2 oversize documents and one oversize account book. (and 3 flat boxes in original collection)."],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026amp; writings\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnder Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","There are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOthello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Home Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e, and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Literary Messenger\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA33\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. ","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the  Southern Churchmen , an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the  Boston Home Journal , the  New York Tribune , and the  Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. ","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the  Southern Churchmen  also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Lock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.","Annie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e The Richmond Times Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCondolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. ","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. ","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. "," The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the   The Richmond Times Dispatch  dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" ","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) ","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ ","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Included are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.","Condolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.","Includes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.","Other cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.","Samuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.","Includes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit","Letters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.","Letters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.","Papers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia","\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.","Enslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible","Zachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.","Blair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.","In her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"","Letter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.","Includes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".","Mr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.","A note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.","Letter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.","Letter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.","One page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.","Correspondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant","Includes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.","Some letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family","Photographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.","Includes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.","John Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous","Article Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.","Certificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":140,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:45:23.850Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1222.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/136685","title_filing_ssi":"Chalmers, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead papers","title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1897"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1897"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222","Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers","United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History","Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence","Fair to good.","The collection is open for research use.","The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","There are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection.","Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. ","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the  Southern Churchmen , an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the  Boston Home Journal , the  New York Tribune , and the  Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. ","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the  Southern Churchmen  also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Lock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.","Annie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers","The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. ","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. ","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. "," The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the   The Richmond Times Dispatch  dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" ","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) ","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ ","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Included are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.","Condolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.","Includes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.","Other cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.","Samuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.","Includes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit","Letters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.","Letters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.","Papers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia","\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.","Enslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible","Zachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.","Blair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.","In her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"","Letter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.","Includes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".","Mr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.","A note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.","Letter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.","Letter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.","One page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.","Correspondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant","Includes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.","Some letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family","Photographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.","Includes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.","John Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous","Article Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.","Certificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"places_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Part of this collection was a deposit from Ernest C. Mead on January 5, 1955 which became a gift in 1998, another gift from Ernest C. Mead on January 30, 2007, and in 2020. There was an additional gift from James Blizzard Mead on September 27, 2012 to the Small Special Collections library at the University of Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good."],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["9 legal size document boxes, 2 oversize documents and one oversize account book. (and 3 flat boxes in original collection)."],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026amp; writings\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnder Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThere are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement","Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","There are letters from the family and others about General Hull's claim throughout the correspondence in the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOthello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Home Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e, and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Literary Messenger\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA33\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnnie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical","Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. ","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the  Southern Churchmen , an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the  Boston Home Journal , the  New York Tribune , and the  Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. ","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the  Southern Churchmen  also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Lock of hair belonging to Sarah Louisa P. (Hickman) Smith who was the sister of Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers. Louisa was born in 1811 and died at age 20 from illness. Her husband, Samuel Jenks Smith published a book of her poems in 1829. They had two children.","Annie McLellan may have been a cousin of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e The Richmond Times Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncluded are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCondolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOther cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSamuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePapers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eZachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLetter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOne page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCorrespondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSome letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArticle Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCertificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. ","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. ","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. "," The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the   The Richmond Times Dispatch  dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" ","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) ","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ ","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Included are comments about University of Virginia Professors Gessner Harrison, John B. Minor, Socrates Maupin, Basil L. Gildersleeve, Maximilan Schele De Vere, James Lawrence Cabell, and William Holmes McGuffey. Included is a letter from Professor Gildersleeve to Dr. George Otis, Jr. dated 1876. Dr. Otis was the first born son of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers.","Condolences on the death of daughter Louisa and her mother Nancy Binney Hull Hickman.","Includes correspondence of Richard Gambill 1851-1856. There is also a letter from Thomas Walker Gilmer to Richard Gambill from 1833.","Other cousins may be included in this correspondence including McLellans and Clouds.","Samuel C. Clarke writes to his cousin Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers about his attitudes towards Freedmen after enslavement, and their working and living conditions.","Includes small broadside of Sarah Clark art exhibit","Letters about starting the school, procurement of teachers,letters from parents, and examinations.","Letters and notes about purchase of the newspaper and maintaining its operation.","Papers related to raising money and operating a charity hospital for children in Richmond, Virginia","\"The Lengthened Shadow\" of a Woman\" by Maria Pendleton Duval in the Ricmond Times Dispatch is a newspaper aticle about how Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers started Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies and how it influenced the opening of the Virginia Female Institute in Staunton, Virginia. Mrs Chalmers taught female students using the same curriculum as Harvard College.","Enslavement, letters from former enslaved people, and information about African American schools, and teaching African Americans to read the bible","Zachariah Mead (husband of Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers) writes a letter to his mother-in-law Nancy Binney \"Anne\" Hickman dated August 24, 1838 in which he describes to her the legislation required for bringing enslaved persons to another state. The family wants to move  from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia and take Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman with them.","Blair writes that the bond agreement was for him to keep Jordan until October when servants would be returning from the Springs, but he will return him if she needs his services.","In her last will and testament, \"I direct that my old servant Othello Freeman, be supported from my estate, in such manner as my said executrive, may think proper.\"","Letter from the Hickman's accountant, Joseph Bacon, that Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman,  who was enslaved by the Hull and Mead family, was removed from the Mclellan household (sister of \"Ann\" Nancy Binney Hickman) and was being boarded at Mr. White's. He writes that Tillo cannot do any work,is not well, and needs medical attention.  Mr. White wants more money to board and take care of him.","Includes unidentified letter to Anna Maria Mead Chalmers about her being honored as a teacher, and her treatment of \"Tillo\".","Mr. Potter says that he has heard good accounts of the school. No details are included.","A note signed \"Massing Bird\" to [Frances] E. Meriwether asking to buy a horse. His son has taken his horse so he needs to buy one.","Letter written by \"Old William\" who was the carriage driver for Mr. and Mrs. Chalmers. He writes to Mrs. Chalmers after the death of Mr. Chalmers about his fondness for them.","Letter from Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers describing her memories of her grandfather General William Hull to her cousin James Freeman Clarke. Mrs. Chalmers recollects that her grandfather required Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman who they enslaved to be present in Church.","One page argument for the Southern Planter's claim that they need the  Freedmen to labor their crops. Author unidentified, undated.","Correspondence of the Mead family, Meriwether family, George H. Geyer and others describing camp life, skirmishes and battles, and officers, including General Stonewall Jackson, General Longstreet, General Braggs, General McLellan, and General Grant","Includes a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieut., 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna M. Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to Gen. Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Mead following his death at Resaca, Ga., 1864.","Some letters and notes about the genealogy of the Mead family","Photographs identified as Lieutenant William Zachariah Mead, Fannie Chalmers, and Marion Kollock.","Includes article about Bishop Whipple sermon supporting Indigenous persons; article about James Freeman Clarke, other obituaries, and various miscellaneous items including a football game at Pantops Academy.","John Greenleaf Whittier \"The Singer\" from the Atlantic Monthly, devotional prayers, and miscellaneous","Article Isaac McLellan, Sunday School brochures, advertisement for the Rockbridge Baths, Liturgy of the Holy Eucharist by N. W. Camp, and religious printed materials.","Certificate of Distinction from La Fourches School, Keswick, Virginia for Henry B. Mead; Anna Maria Chalmers marriage certificate; and Kappa Alpha In Universitate Virginiae broadside."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":140,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:45:23.850Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c754","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Autograph Document Signed (ADS) Fragment Speech? regarding Banking and Financial Policies of U.S., especially Sub-Treasury System; Formerly in folder with circa 1840 \"Act forbidding credit to students etc.\"","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c754#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c754","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c754"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c754","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"text":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill","Autograph Document Signed (ADS) Fragment Speech? regarding Banking and Financial Policies of U.S., especially Sub-Treasury System; Formerly in folder with circa 1840 \"Act forbidding credit to students etc.\"","box 9","folder 48"],"title_filing_ssi":"Autograph Document Signed (ADS) Fragment Speech? regarding Banking and Financial Policies of U.S., especially Sub-Treasury System; Formerly in folder with circa 1840 \"Act forbidding credit to students etc.\"","title_ssm":["Autograph Document Signed (ADS) Fragment Speech? regarding Banking and Financial Policies of U.S., especially Sub-Treasury System; Formerly in folder with circa 1840 \"Act forbidding credit to students etc.\""],"title_tesim":["Autograph Document Signed (ADS) Fragment Speech? regarding Banking and Financial Policies of U.S., especially Sub-Treasury System; Formerly in folder with circa 1840 \"Act forbidding credit to students etc.\""],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1842 - 1844"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1842/1844"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Autograph Document Signed (ADS) Fragment Speech? regarding Banking and Financial Policies of U.S., especially Sub-Treasury System; Formerly in folder with circa 1840 \"Act forbidding credit to students etc.\""],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":754,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"digital_objects_ssm":["{\"label\":\"Autograph Document Signed (ADS) Fragment Speech? regarding Banking and Financial Policies of U.S., especially Sub-Treasury System; Formerly in folder with circa 1840 \\\"Act forbidding credit to students etc.\\\", circa 1842 - 1844\",\"href\":\"https://iiifman.lib.virginia.edu/pid/tsb:106745\"}"],"date_range_isim":[1842,1843,1844],"containers_ssim":["box 9","folder 48"],"_nest_path_":"/components#753","timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1426.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/147344","title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"unitdate_ssm":["1732-1860"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1732-1860"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426"],"text":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426","Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The materials are arranged chronologically. Oversized items are listed at the end of the inventory.","The Randolph familiy of Virginia began with William Randolph, who emigrated from Warwickshire, England between 1669 and 1673. He was the great-grandfather of Thomas Jefferson. ","Martha Jefferson Randolph (eldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson) married her third cousin, Thomas Mann Randolph in 1790. Together they had eleven children, whom Martha educated at home. Martha was known for her keen intellect and would often assist her father with his affairs. Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.","Edgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.","Source: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023.","This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.","The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533).","The collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present.","Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Randolph family"],"creator_ssim":["Randolph family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"creators_ssim":["Randolph family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["5.4 Cubic Feet 11 Hollinger document boxes and one oversize box"],"extent_tesim":["5.4 Cubic Feet 11 Hollinger document boxes and one oversize box"],"date_range_isim":[1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are arranged chronologically. Oversized items are listed at the end of the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials are arranged chronologically. Oversized items are listed at the end of the inventory."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Randolph familiy of Virginia began with William Randolph, who emigrated from Warwickshire, England between 1669 and 1673. He was the great-grandfather of Thomas Jefferson. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMartha Jefferson Randolph (eldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson) married her third cousin, Thomas Mann Randolph in 1790. Together they had eleven children, whom Martha educated at home. Martha was known for her keen intellect and would often assist her father with his affairs. Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEdgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Randolph familiy of Virginia began with William Randolph, who emigrated from Warwickshire, England between 1669 and 1673. He was the great-grandfather of Thomas Jefferson. ","Martha Jefferson Randolph (eldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson) married her third cousin, Thomas Mann Randolph in 1790. Together they had eleven children, whom Martha educated at home. Martha was known for her keen intellect and would often assist her father with his affairs. Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.","Edgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.","Source: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFunding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Funding"],"odd_tesim":["This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"names_coll_ssim":["Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1011,"online_item_count_is":1004,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c754"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Beebe collection of Washington family papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_20.xml","title_ssm":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"title_tesim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1818-1861","1840-1850"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1840-1850"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1818-1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.710","/repositories/3/resources/20"],"text":["RM.710","/repositories/3/resources/20","Beebe collection of Washington family papers","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end.","John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.","Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.","Louisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington.","Note on folder: \"The enclosed picture was always said by Mrs. R.P. Chew to be of West Ford.\"","Envelope labeled in John Augustine Washington's handwriting, said to have been found on his body after his death on 13 September 1861","Related materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection.","This collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.","Wheatland to Buffaloe. Family matters; relates offer to him to purchase 800 acres of land.","Philadelphia to Alexandria. Health improving after respiratory illness; returning soon to court.","Richland to Mount Vernon. Sends good wishes to family.","Richland. Sends love to all family members; requests ice skates.","A letter written by West Ford to Bushrod Washington at Blakeley, the home of Bushrod's neighbor and nephew John Augustine Washington II. Ford, a former slave of the Washington family who was later freed and employed as overseer of Mount Vernon, reports on arrangements being made at Mount Vernon for a workman to slate a \"house for the books and papers.\" He mentions illnesses in his family and warns Bushrod against buying mules from his neighbor, Mr. Peake.","Richland to Mount Vernon. Has not heard from home; sends love to all; send things he asked for.","Charlottesville to Charlestown. Needs her permission to take only 2 courses at university; wants to purchase mare, visited Aunt Judy.","University of Virginia to Charlestown. Discusses possible appointment of new professor who does not have JAW's vote.","Mount Vernon to Charlestown. Tells mother of proposing to Nelly; describes horse races; financial matters.","Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Relates ill health of various family members and other family news.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; selling slave; thoughts on banks, family wishes.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; slave repeatedly running off; family matters.","Mount Vernon to Charlestown. Sending various flower cuttings; family news.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Illness is past; wants her to visit; concerned he might have offended aunt; other visits.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Relates travels home; landscape descriptions; family greetings.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Family illnesses; Alexandria returning to Virginia; discusses selling Mount Vernon to government.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Visitors to Mount Vernon; family matters.","Mount Vernon. Storm damaged trees; family matters.","Mount Vernon. Legal concerns.","Wants to meet in Alexandria about legal matters.","Blakeley. Much family news and love sent.","Sunnyside. Louisa was sick; drought; family matters.","Charlestown. Family matters.","Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond. Tells of army life and waiting to engage enemy; send horse.","Requests various plants; family matters.","Sending the children for Easter; wants dresses made to her specifications.","Mount Vernon. Misses her children; inviting others to visit.","Written in the winter as talks about sleighing; wants her to visit.","Cave Farm to Warwick, VA. Family news from her visit; preacher's sermons very dull.","Mt. Ida to Blakeley. Much sickness at Mount Vernon; family greetings.","Mount Vernon to Walnut Farm. Very busy with sewing clothes for children; family visits and greetings.","Very crowded there – many children; many family greetings.","Sorry to hear of his illness; wants him to come up.","Much family news; concerned about sale of Mount Vernon.","Waveland to Halltown. Family visits and greetings; John A. Washington gone to Richmond to join General Lee's staff.","Promises return of hired Negro, along with two suits of clothes.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. A.","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863 -- Portrait","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.710","/repositories/3/resources/20"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":[".5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLouisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.","Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.","Louisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNote on folder: \"The enclosed picture was always said by Mrs. R.P. Chew to be of West Ford.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnvelope labeled in John Augustine Washington's handwriting, said to have been found on his body after his death on 13 September 1861\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Note on folder: \"The enclosed picture was always said by Mrs. R.P. Chew to be of West Ford.\"","Envelope labeled in John Augustine Washington's handwriting, said to have been found on his body after his death on 13 September 1861"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Beebe Collection of Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Beebe Collection of Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWheatland to Buffaloe. Family matters; relates offer to him to purchase 800 acres of land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia to Alexandria. Health improving after respiratory illness; returning soon to court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichland to Mount Vernon. Sends good wishes to family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichland. Sends love to all family members; requests ice skates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA letter written by West Ford to Bushrod Washington at Blakeley, the home of Bushrod's neighbor and nephew John Augustine Washington II. Ford, a former slave of the Washington family who was later freed and employed as overseer of Mount Vernon, reports on arrangements being made at Mount Vernon for a workman to slate a \"house for the books and papers.\" He mentions illnesses in his family and warns Bushrod against buying mules from his neighbor, Mr. Peake.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichland to Mount Vernon. Has not heard from home; sends love to all; send things he asked for.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville to Charlestown. Needs her permission to take only 2 courses at university; wants to purchase mare, visited Aunt Judy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia to Charlestown. Discusses possible appointment of new professor who does not have JAW's vote.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Charlestown. Tells mother of proposing to Nelly; describes horse races; financial matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlakeley to Mount Vernon. Relates ill health of various family members and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; selling slave; thoughts on banks, family wishes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; slave repeatedly running off; family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Charlestown. Sending various flower cuttings; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Illness is past; wants her to visit; concerned he might have offended aunt; other visits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Relates travels home; landscape descriptions; family greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Family illnesses; Alexandria returning to Virginia; discusses selling Mount Vernon to government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Visitors to Mount Vernon; family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon. Storm damaged trees; family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon. Legal concerns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to meet in Alexandria about legal matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlakeley. Much family news and love sent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSunnyside. Louisa was sick; drought; family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlestown. Family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeadquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond. Tells of army life and waiting to engage enemy; send horse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests various plants; family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSending the children for Easter; wants dresses made to her specifications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon. Misses her children; inviting others to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten in the winter as talks about sleighing; wants her to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCave Farm to Warwick, VA. Family news from her visit; preacher's sermons very dull.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMt. Ida to Blakeley. Much sickness at Mount Vernon; family greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Walnut Farm. Very busy with sewing clothes for children; family visits and greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVery crowded there – many children; many family greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry to hear of his illness; wants him to come up.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch family news; concerned about sale of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWaveland to Halltown. Family visits and greetings; John A. Washington gone to Richmond to join General Lee's staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePromises return of hired Negro, along with two suits of clothes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.","Wheatland to Buffaloe. Family matters; relates offer to him to purchase 800 acres of land.","Philadelphia to Alexandria. Health improving after respiratory illness; returning soon to court.","Richland to Mount Vernon. Sends good wishes to family.","Richland. Sends love to all family members; requests ice skates.","A letter written by West Ford to Bushrod Washington at Blakeley, the home of Bushrod's neighbor and nephew John Augustine Washington II. Ford, a former slave of the Washington family who was later freed and employed as overseer of Mount Vernon, reports on arrangements being made at Mount Vernon for a workman to slate a \"house for the books and papers.\" He mentions illnesses in his family and warns Bushrod against buying mules from his neighbor, Mr. Peake.","Richland to Mount Vernon. Has not heard from home; sends love to all; send things he asked for.","Charlottesville to Charlestown. Needs her permission to take only 2 courses at university; wants to purchase mare, visited Aunt Judy.","University of Virginia to Charlestown. Discusses possible appointment of new professor who does not have JAW's vote.","Mount Vernon to Charlestown. Tells mother of proposing to Nelly; describes horse races; financial matters.","Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Relates ill health of various family members and other family news.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; selling slave; thoughts on banks, family wishes.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; slave repeatedly running off; family matters.","Mount Vernon to Charlestown. Sending various flower cuttings; family news.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Illness is past; wants her to visit; concerned he might have offended aunt; other visits.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Relates travels home; landscape descriptions; family greetings.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Family illnesses; Alexandria returning to Virginia; discusses selling Mount Vernon to government.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Visitors to Mount Vernon; family matters.","Mount Vernon. Storm damaged trees; family matters.","Mount Vernon. Legal concerns.","Wants to meet in Alexandria about legal matters.","Blakeley. Much family news and love sent.","Sunnyside. Louisa was sick; drought; family matters.","Charlestown. Family matters.","Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond. Tells of army life and waiting to engage enemy; send horse.","Requests various plants; family matters.","Sending the children for Easter; wants dresses made to her specifications.","Mount Vernon. Misses her children; inviting others to visit.","Written in the winter as talks about sleighing; wants her to visit.","Cave Farm to Warwick, VA. Family news from her visit; preacher's sermons very dull.","Mt. Ida to Blakeley. Much sickness at Mount Vernon; family greetings.","Mount Vernon to Walnut Farm. Very busy with sewing clothes for children; family visits and greetings.","Very crowded there – many children; many family greetings.","Sorry to hear of his illness; wants him to come up.","Much family news; concerned about sale of Mount Vernon.","Waveland to Halltown. Family visits and greetings; John A. Washington gone to Richmond to join General Lee's staff.","Promises return of hired Negro, along with two suits of clothes."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. A.","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863 -- Portrait"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"names_coll_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. A.","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863 -- Portrait"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":42,"online_item_count_is":17,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:46:39.072Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_20.xml","title_ssm":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"title_tesim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1818-1861","1840-1850"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1840-1850"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1818-1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.710","/repositories/3/resources/20"],"text":["RM.710","/repositories/3/resources/20","Beebe collection of Washington family papers","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end.","John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.","Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.","Louisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington.","Note on folder: \"The enclosed picture was always said by Mrs. R.P. Chew to be of West Ford.\"","Envelope labeled in John Augustine Washington's handwriting, said to have been found on his body after his death on 13 September 1861","Related materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection.","This collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.","Wheatland to Buffaloe. Family matters; relates offer to him to purchase 800 acres of land.","Philadelphia to Alexandria. Health improving after respiratory illness; returning soon to court.","Richland to Mount Vernon. Sends good wishes to family.","Richland. Sends love to all family members; requests ice skates.","A letter written by West Ford to Bushrod Washington at Blakeley, the home of Bushrod's neighbor and nephew John Augustine Washington II. Ford, a former slave of the Washington family who was later freed and employed as overseer of Mount Vernon, reports on arrangements being made at Mount Vernon for a workman to slate a \"house for the books and papers.\" He mentions illnesses in his family and warns Bushrod against buying mules from his neighbor, Mr. Peake.","Richland to Mount Vernon. Has not heard from home; sends love to all; send things he asked for.","Charlottesville to Charlestown. Needs her permission to take only 2 courses at university; wants to purchase mare, visited Aunt Judy.","University of Virginia to Charlestown. Discusses possible appointment of new professor who does not have JAW's vote.","Mount Vernon to Charlestown. Tells mother of proposing to Nelly; describes horse races; financial matters.","Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Relates ill health of various family members and other family news.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; selling slave; thoughts on banks, family wishes.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; slave repeatedly running off; family matters.","Mount Vernon to Charlestown. Sending various flower cuttings; family news.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Illness is past; wants her to visit; concerned he might have offended aunt; other visits.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Relates travels home; landscape descriptions; family greetings.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Family illnesses; Alexandria returning to Virginia; discusses selling Mount Vernon to government.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Visitors to Mount Vernon; family matters.","Mount Vernon. Storm damaged trees; family matters.","Mount Vernon. Legal concerns.","Wants to meet in Alexandria about legal matters.","Blakeley. Much family news and love sent.","Sunnyside. Louisa was sick; drought; family matters.","Charlestown. Family matters.","Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond. Tells of army life and waiting to engage enemy; send horse.","Requests various plants; family matters.","Sending the children for Easter; wants dresses made to her specifications.","Mount Vernon. Misses her children; inviting others to visit.","Written in the winter as talks about sleighing; wants her to visit.","Cave Farm to Warwick, VA. Family news from her visit; preacher's sermons very dull.","Mt. Ida to Blakeley. Much sickness at Mount Vernon; family greetings.","Mount Vernon to Walnut Farm. Very busy with sewing clothes for children; family visits and greetings.","Very crowded there – many children; many family greetings.","Sorry to hear of his illness; wants him to come up.","Much family news; concerned about sale of Mount Vernon.","Waveland to Halltown. Family visits and greetings; John A. Washington gone to Richmond to join General Lee's staff.","Promises return of hired Negro, along with two suits of clothes.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. A.","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863 -- Portrait","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.710","/repositories/3/resources/20"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":[".5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLouisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.","Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.","Louisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNote on folder: \"The enclosed picture was always said by Mrs. R.P. Chew to be of West Ford.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEnvelope labeled in John Augustine Washington's handwriting, said to have been found on his body after his death on 13 September 1861\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["General","General"],"odd_tesim":["Note on folder: \"The enclosed picture was always said by Mrs. R.P. Chew to be of West Ford.\"","Envelope labeled in John Augustine Washington's handwriting, said to have been found on his body after his death on 13 September 1861"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Beebe Collection of Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Beebe Collection of Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWheatland to Buffaloe. Family matters; relates offer to him to purchase 800 acres of land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia to Alexandria. Health improving after respiratory illness; returning soon to court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichland to Mount Vernon. Sends good wishes to family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichland. Sends love to all family members; requests ice skates.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA letter written by West Ford to Bushrod Washington at Blakeley, the home of Bushrod's neighbor and nephew John Augustine Washington II. Ford, a former slave of the Washington family who was later freed and employed as overseer of Mount Vernon, reports on arrangements being made at Mount Vernon for a workman to slate a \"house for the books and papers.\" He mentions illnesses in his family and warns Bushrod against buying mules from his neighbor, Mr. Peake.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichland to Mount Vernon. Has not heard from home; sends love to all; send things he asked for.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlottesville to Charlestown. Needs her permission to take only 2 courses at university; wants to purchase mare, visited Aunt Judy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUniversity of Virginia to Charlestown. Discusses possible appointment of new professor who does not have JAW's vote.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Charlestown. Tells mother of proposing to Nelly; describes horse races; financial matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlakeley to Mount Vernon. Relates ill health of various family members and other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; selling slave; thoughts on banks, family wishes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; slave repeatedly running off; family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Charlestown. Sending various flower cuttings; family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Illness is past; wants her to visit; concerned he might have offended aunt; other visits.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Relates travels home; landscape descriptions; family greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Family illnesses; Alexandria returning to Virginia; discusses selling Mount Vernon to government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Blakeley. Visitors to Mount Vernon; family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon. Storm damaged trees; family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon. Legal concerns.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to meet in Alexandria about legal matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlakeley. Much family news and love sent.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSunnyside. Louisa was sick; drought; family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCharlestown. Family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeadquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond. Tells of army life and waiting to engage enemy; send horse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests various plants; family matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSending the children for Easter; wants dresses made to her specifications.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon. Misses her children; inviting others to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWritten in the winter as talks about sleighing; wants her to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCave Farm to Warwick, VA. Family news from her visit; preacher's sermons very dull.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMt. Ida to Blakeley. Much sickness at Mount Vernon; family greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon to Walnut Farm. Very busy with sewing clothes for children; family visits and greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVery crowded there – many children; many family greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSorry to hear of his illness; wants him to come up.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch family news; concerned about sale of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWaveland to Halltown. Family visits and greetings; John A. Washington gone to Richmond to join General Lee's staff.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePromises return of hired Negro, along with two suits of clothes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.","Wheatland to Buffaloe. Family matters; relates offer to him to purchase 800 acres of land.","Philadelphia to Alexandria. Health improving after respiratory illness; returning soon to court.","Richland to Mount Vernon. Sends good wishes to family.","Richland. Sends love to all family members; requests ice skates.","A letter written by West Ford to Bushrod Washington at Blakeley, the home of Bushrod's neighbor and nephew John Augustine Washington II. Ford, a former slave of the Washington family who was later freed and employed as overseer of Mount Vernon, reports on arrangements being made at Mount Vernon for a workman to slate a \"house for the books and papers.\" He mentions illnesses in his family and warns Bushrod against buying mules from his neighbor, Mr. Peake.","Richland to Mount Vernon. Has not heard from home; sends love to all; send things he asked for.","Charlottesville to Charlestown. Needs her permission to take only 2 courses at university; wants to purchase mare, visited Aunt Judy.","University of Virginia to Charlestown. Discusses possible appointment of new professor who does not have JAW's vote.","Mount Vernon to Charlestown. Tells mother of proposing to Nelly; describes horse races; financial matters.","Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Relates ill health of various family members and other family news.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; selling slave; thoughts on banks, family wishes.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Farm news; slave repeatedly running off; family matters.","Mount Vernon to Charlestown. Sending various flower cuttings; family news.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Illness is past; wants her to visit; concerned he might have offended aunt; other visits.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Relates travels home; landscape descriptions; family greetings.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Family illnesses; Alexandria returning to Virginia; discusses selling Mount Vernon to government.","Mount Vernon to Blakeley. Visitors to Mount Vernon; family matters.","Mount Vernon. Storm damaged trees; family matters.","Mount Vernon. Legal concerns.","Wants to meet in Alexandria about legal matters.","Blakeley. Much family news and love sent.","Sunnyside. Louisa was sick; drought; family matters.","Charlestown. Family matters.","Headquarters, Virginia Forces, Richmond. Tells of army life and waiting to engage enemy; send horse.","Requests various plants; family matters.","Sending the children for Easter; wants dresses made to her specifications.","Mount Vernon. Misses her children; inviting others to visit.","Written in the winter as talks about sleighing; wants her to visit.","Cave Farm to Warwick, VA. Family news from her visit; preacher's sermons very dull.","Mt. Ida to Blakeley. Much sickness at Mount Vernon; family greetings.","Mount Vernon to Walnut Farm. Very busy with sewing clothes for children; family visits and greetings.","Very crowded there – many children; many family greetings.","Sorry to hear of his illness; wants him to come up.","Much family news; concerned about sale of Mount Vernon.","Waveland to Halltown. Family visits and greetings; John A. Washington gone to Richmond to join General Lee's staff.","Promises return of hired Negro, along with two suits of clothes."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. A.","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863 -- Portrait"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"names_coll_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. A.","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863 -- Portrait"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":42,"online_item_count_is":17,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:46:39.072Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20"}},{"id":"vifgm_mannmaps","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mannmaps#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mannmaps#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Donated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mannmaps#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_mannmaps","ead_ssi":"vifgm_mannmaps","_root_":"vifgm_mannmaps","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_mannmaps","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/mannmaps.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/mannmaps.html","title_ssm":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"title_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1579-1961"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1579-1961"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0213"],"text":["C0213","C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection","Maps.","There are no access restrictions.","Selections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                 .","This collection is arranged by size of map.","Charles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.","In 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.","Mann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.","He also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977.","Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger.","Special Collections and Archives also holds   and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog.","New Virginia Map published ca. 1660 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.125 in. x 24.25 in. (51.12 cm x 62.23 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper center. Vignettes of Chief Powhatan in upper left and Native American figure in upper right below explanatory note. This image is based upon the 1608 map by Captain John Smith.","Map of Virginia and Florida published ca. 1640 by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 21.4 in. x 16.9 in. (54.35 cm x 42.93 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia and parts of the southeast Atlantic coast. Large cartouche featuring Native American figures in upper center surrounding titlepiece. Smaller heraldic items in upper right and center of map. Cartouche featuring cherubs surrounds mileage chart in bottom center right.","By Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale.","New Virginia Map by Arnoldis Montanus. Published in Amsterdam in 1671. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 19.3 in. x 16.28 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with images of cherubs. Heraldic image in upper center and Explanatory Note in upper right adorned with figures of Native Americans and animals. Scale in bottom center is also surrounded by cherub figures.","By Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale. This Map has slightly different coloration than Map 3.","New Belgium and New England published ca. 1662 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 24.3 in. x 20.45 in. (61.72 cm x 51.94 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century New Belgium, New England, and New Netherland. Titlepiece is middle right and decorated with images of Native Americans, heraldic symbol, and crown. Scale is in bottom left and decorated with images of children. Other artwork in the map include vignettes of stockade-fenced settlements, animals, and ships.","Map of Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey by John Senex (1678-1740) published 1719 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 24 in. x 20 in. (60.96 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper left. Scale in lower right.","Peter Goos. 17x21.","Homann. 20x23.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Herman Moll (1654-1732). Published in London ca. 1700. Copper plate Engraving, color. 9.5 in. x 13.85 in. (24.14 cm x 35.18 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland and parts of southern New Jersey. Unadorned titlepiece in upper left.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Gilles Robert de Vaugondy (1688-1766) published in 1755. Copper plate engraving, color. 31.75 in x 21.5 in (80.64 cm x 54.61 cm). Map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and parts of Pennsylvania and Delaware. Titlepiece and scale in bottom right has cartouche of flora.","State of Virginia Map by Samuel Lewis, Philadelphia. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 21.3 in. x 16.9 in. (54.1 cm x 42.9 cm). Map depicting Virginia, the Northwest Territory, and parts of Maryland. Titlepiece with scale in upper left.","Unidentified. 10x15.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Emmanuel Bowen. Copper plate engraving, color. 9.75 in. x 16 in. (24.76 cm x 40.64 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece and scale are in bottom right.","New Map of Maryland by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 20.15 in. x 16.21 in. (51.18 cm x 41.17 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Maryland and parts of both Virginia, and New Jersey. Ornate Titlepiece is in top center of map. Dedication, adorned with the coat of arms of Lord Baltimore, is in the upper right, and scale in lower left.","Map of North America by Pierre Schenk (1660-1718) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 20.5 in. (63.5 cm x 52.07 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North America. European territorial possessions are colored in. Ornately decorated titlepiece featuring mythological sea creatures is in upper right. Advertisement and scale are in upper left.","Ortelius. 19x23.","Copper plate engraving, color. 8 in. x 11 in (20.32 cm x 27.94 cm). Map depicting the world's continents as seen from the vantage point of the North Pole. No identification, though \"1680\" penciled-in on verso.","America or New World Newly Described by Abraham Ortelius (1528-1598). Copper plate engraving, black and white. 20.25 in x 15.6 in (51.43 cm x 39.62 cm). Map of North and South America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in lower left and sailing ships in center.","Map of Caribbean islands and Gulf of Mexico by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copperplate engraving, color. 23 in. x 19.25 in. (58.42 cm x 48.89 cm). Map depicting Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Islands and parts of North, South, and Central America. Titlepiece in upper left flanked by cherubs. Ornate dedication in lower left and scale in lower right.","Map of North and South America by Herman Moll (1654-1732), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 14 in. (22.86 cm x 35.56 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North and South America. Titlepiece in top left of map.","Map of North and Central America by Guillame Delisle (1675-1726) of Paris. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in x 25 in (53.34 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting the eastern part of North America and Central America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in upper left featuring mythical sea figures and scale in upper right.","Map of the United States by William Faden (1750-1836). Published 1796 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 23 in. x 31 in. (58.42 cm x 78.74 cm). Map depicts the eighteenth-century United States of America and parts of Canada. Titlepiece in bottom right is decorated with images having to do with shipping and trade. Scale is in bottom left.","Map of Chesapeake Bay Area of Virginia, Mark Tiddeman, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23.5 in. (48.26 cm x 59.69 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Tidewater and Chesapeake Bay area of Virginia. Titlepiece in bottom left. Scale is in bottom center.","Map of North America, J. Spillsbury, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 11 in. x 15 in. (27.94 cm x 38.1 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting North America. Titlepiece is in bottom right. European territorial claims are delineated by colored outlining.","Map of American Colonies by Thomas Bowen (1700-1763), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 12 in. (22.86 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicting the eighteenth-century American colonies. Titlepiece in lower right flanked by images of Native Americans. Scale in middle right.","Map of North America by Simon Bolton and engraved by R.W. Seale. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in. x 26 in. (53.34 cm x 66.04 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century British and French North America. Large decorated titlepiece in lower right adorned with images of cherubs, a Native American figure, animals, and plants.","New Map of the World, by A. F. De wit. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the world depicting the eastern and western hemispheres surrounded by images of the seasons, elements, and mythological figures.","World map showing eastern and western hemispheres, G.M. Lowitz. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting the eastern and western hemispheres of the world. Titlepieces in both upper left (Latin) and upper right (French) adorned with images of flora and fauna. Map has four insets, which depict the Arctic, Antarctic, Horizon of Nuremburg, and the Antipodes of Nuremburg.","Blaeu. 17x21.","Map of England and part of Scotland by Guliel Hole (d. 1624). Copper plate engraving, color. 12 in. x 13 in. (30.48 cm x 33.02 cm). Seventeenth-century map of England and Scotland. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with ornate cartouche featuring a crown and colorful embellishments. Large compass rose in lower left.","Map of the Isle of Wight, Joan Bleau (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (50.8 cm x 60.96 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the Isle of Wight off the southern English coast. Title piece in lower left has cartouche featuring a coat of arms, and animals. Scale, adorned with globe, in lower right.","Bleau. 20x24.","Blaeu. 20x24.","John Rocque. 40x50. London. Two sheets.","Map of Warwickshire, England published ca. 1646 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 25 in. (50.8 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Warwickshire, England. Titlepiece in bottom left decorated with cartouche of fruits and flowers. Coats of arms in top left and bottom right, and scale in top right.","Bellin. 23x36. Paris.","I. Harrison. 21x32. Two sheet map.","Map of the Western Hemisphere published by J. Covens and C. Mortimer in Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 20 in. (50.8 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicting eighteenth-century Western Hemisphere (North and South America and Pacific islands). Title in upper part of map. European territorial holdings are outlined in color.","Unidentified. 19x24.","Unidentified. 21x24. Paris.","LaRouge. 21x29. Paris.","From Pinkerton's Atlas. 24x40. London.","Map of roads between Chelmsford and Dover, England published by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 15 in. x 18 in. (38.1 cm x 45.72 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century road from Chelmsford to Dover, England. Titlepiece is in top center of map with a cartouche of mythological sea creatures and figures.","Map of road from London to Bury, England by J. Gibson and published circa 1720. Copper plate engraving, color. 7 in. x 12 in. (17.78 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century road from London to Bury, England. Title runs entire length of map at top. Road is divided into ten numbered columns and towns and mileages are labeled.","2-sheet map of southern London by Christophe Homan (1703-30) and published 1736. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 31 in. (63.5 cm x 78.74 cm). 2-sheet map depicting eighteenth-century south London, England. Titlepiece in lower right with Lion and Unicorn Cartouche. Title of map is in Latin, while place and street names are in English. Other information is in German.","Map of Virginia, Maryland and Delaware by Henry Schenck Tanner (1786 - 1858), Philadelphia. Engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Nineteenth-century map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. Titlepiece is in top center. Scale and Explanation are in bottom center. Counties within each state are colored, while bordering states are left white.","Unidentified. 12x15. Includes: a) Virginia and Maryland, b) Texas, c) Arizona and New Mexica, d) Kentucky and Tennessee, e) Floriday, f) Georgia and Alabama, g) North and South Caroline, h) Baltimore, MD.","Wilkinson. 11x13. London.","Cadell and Davies. 23x30. London.","Unidentified. 9x11.","A. J. Johnson. 18x26. New York.","A. J. Johnson. 18x26. Same as item 52, but a different edition.","Cowperthwait. 14x17. Philadelphia.","Cotton. 16x18. New York.","Johnson. 14x18. New York. Same as item 55.","Colton. 16x18. New York.","Seers \u0026 Co. 11x16.","Unidentified. 17x21.","Cary. 21x24. London.","Unidentified. 18x22.","Unidentified. 18x22.","Unidentified. 18x27. New York.","Begin. 15x17.","Seutter. 221x25. Pictorial map with scene of burning of Lisbon.","Unidentified. 16x32.","Herman Boye. 31x50. Example of the first official map of Virginia backed with cloth in slip case.","Major J.E. Wayes. 22x25. New York. Maps include 1) Petersburg and Five Forks, 2) Antietam, 3) Spotsylvania Courthouse, and 4) Richmond; folded maps each with a hard cover. In 2 folders.","Blackford. 20x24. Baltimore. Folded map with hard cover.","Young. 13x16. Philadelphia.","Mitchell (publisher). 22x18. Philadelphia. Folding traveler's map in red morocco folder (3x5); map torn in folds, folder chipped and rubbed. In the same folder as item 70.","By Richard Long. 21x25. Manuscript map on parchment showing the future site of the Scottish Colony near Panama which existed from 1698 to 1699, when it was captured by the Spanish Army. Darien was to be the Scottish Jamestown and was part of the British effort to expand southward into the Caribbean. The few survivors found refuge in Jamaica.","Wytfliet. 9x12. Louvon.","Ortelius. 17x21. Map from early atlas.","Hondius. 19x23. Hondius edition of John Smith map of 1608.","12x19. Amsterdam.","Leide. 15x19.","27x29. Washington D.C.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","Donated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026 Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t","English\n\t\t"],"unitid_tesim":["C0213"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"collection_ssim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creator_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creators_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Betty Hart Mann in 1979."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["5 linear feet (90 folders)"],"extent_tesim":["5 linear feet (90 folders)"],"date_range_isim":[1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Digitized Map Collection\" href=\"http://digilib.gmu.edu:8080/dspace/handle/1920/1935\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                 ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by size of map.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by size of map."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.","In 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.","Mann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.","He also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection, C0213, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection, C0213, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"C. Harrison Mann, Jr.'s personal papers\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/mann.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds   and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNew Virginia Map published ca. 1660 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.125 in. x 24.25 in. (51.12 cm x 62.23 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper center. Vignettes of Chief Powhatan in upper left and Native American figure in upper right below explanatory note. This image is based upon the 1608 map by Captain John Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia and Florida published ca. 1640 by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 21.4 in. x 16.9 in. (54.35 cm x 42.93 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia and parts of the southeast Atlantic coast. Large cartouche featuring Native American figures in upper center surrounding titlepiece. Smaller heraldic items in upper right and center of map. Cartouche featuring cherubs surrounds mileage chart in bottom center right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Virginia Map by Arnoldis Montanus. Published in Amsterdam in 1671. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 19.3 in. x 16.28 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with images of cherubs. Heraldic image in upper center and Explanatory Note in upper right adorned with figures of Native Americans and animals. Scale in bottom center is also surrounded by cherub figures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale. This Map has slightly different coloration than Map 3.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Belgium and New England published ca. 1662 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 24.3 in. x 20.45 in. (61.72 cm x 51.94 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century New Belgium, New England, and New Netherland. Titlepiece is middle right and decorated with images of Native Americans, heraldic symbol, and crown. Scale is in bottom left and decorated with images of children. Other artwork in the map include vignettes of stockade-fenced settlements, animals, and ships.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey by John Senex (1678-1740) published 1719 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 24 in. x 20 in. (60.96 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper left. Scale in lower right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeter Goos. 17x21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHomann. 20x23.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia and Maryland by Herman Moll (1654-1732). Published in London ca. 1700. Copper plate Engraving, color. 9.5 in. x 13.85 in. (24.14 cm x 35.18 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland and parts of southern New Jersey. Unadorned titlepiece in upper left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia and Maryland by Gilles Robert de Vaugondy (1688-1766) published in 1755. Copper plate engraving, color. 31.75 in x 21.5 in (80.64 cm x 54.61 cm). Map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and parts of Pennsylvania and Delaware. Titlepiece and scale in bottom right has cartouche of flora.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState of Virginia Map by Samuel Lewis, Philadelphia. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 21.3 in. x 16.9 in. (54.1 cm x 42.9 cm). Map depicting Virginia, the Northwest Territory, and parts of Maryland. Titlepiece with scale in upper left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 10x15.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia and Maryland by Emmanuel Bowen. Copper plate engraving, color. 9.75 in. x 16 in. (24.76 cm x 40.64 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece and scale are in bottom right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Map of Maryland by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 20.15 in. x 16.21 in. (51.18 cm x 41.17 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Maryland and parts of both Virginia, and New Jersey. Ornate Titlepiece is in top center of map. Dedication, adorned with the coat of arms of Lord Baltimore, is in the upper right, and scale in lower left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of North America by Pierre Schenk (1660-1718) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 20.5 in. (63.5 cm x 52.07 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North America. European territorial possessions are colored in. Ornately decorated titlepiece featuring mythological sea creatures is in upper right. Advertisement and scale are in upper left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrtelius. 19x23.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopper plate engraving, color. 8 in. x 11 in (20.32 cm x 27.94 cm). Map depicting the world's continents as seen from the vantage point of the North Pole. No identification, though \"1680\" penciled-in on verso.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerica or New World Newly Described by Abraham Ortelius (1528-1598). Copper plate engraving, black and white. 20.25 in x 15.6 in (51.43 cm x 39.62 cm). Map of North and South America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in lower left and sailing ships in center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Caribbean islands and Gulf of Mexico by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copperplate engraving, color. 23 in. x 19.25 in. (58.42 cm x 48.89 cm). Map depicting Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Islands and parts of North, South, and Central America. Titlepiece in upper left flanked by cherubs. Ornate dedication in lower left and scale in lower right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of North and South America by Herman Moll (1654-1732), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 14 in. (22.86 cm x 35.56 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North and South America. Titlepiece in top left of map.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of North and Central America by Guillame Delisle (1675-1726) of Paris. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in x 25 in (53.34 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting the eastern part of North America and Central America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in upper left featuring mythical sea figures and scale in upper right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of the United States by William Faden (1750-1836). Published 1796 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 23 in. x 31 in. (58.42 cm x 78.74 cm). Map depicts the eighteenth-century United States of America and parts of Canada. Titlepiece in bottom right is decorated with images having to do with shipping and trade. Scale is in bottom left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Chesapeake Bay Area of Virginia, Mark Tiddeman, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23.5 in. (48.26 cm x 59.69 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Tidewater and Chesapeake Bay area of Virginia. Titlepiece in bottom left. Scale is in bottom center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of North America, J. Spillsbury, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 11 in. x 15 in. (27.94 cm x 38.1 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting North America. Titlepiece is in bottom right. European territorial claims are delineated by colored outlining.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of American Colonies by Thomas Bowen (1700-1763), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 12 in. (22.86 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicting the eighteenth-century American colonies. Titlepiece in lower right flanked by images of Native Americans. Scale in middle right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of North America by Simon Bolton and engraved by R.W. Seale. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in. x 26 in. (53.34 cm x 66.04 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century British and French North America. Large decorated titlepiece in lower right adorned with images of cherubs, a Native American figure, animals, and plants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Map of the World, by A. F. De wit. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the world depicting the eastern and western hemispheres surrounded by images of the seasons, elements, and mythological figures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorld map showing eastern and western hemispheres, G.M. Lowitz. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting the eastern and western hemispheres of the world. Titlepieces in both upper left (Latin) and upper right (French) adorned with images of flora and fauna. Map has four insets, which depict the Arctic, Antarctic, Horizon of Nuremburg, and the Antipodes of Nuremburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlaeu. 17x21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of England and part of Scotland by Guliel Hole (d. 1624). Copper plate engraving, color. 12 in. x 13 in. (30.48 cm x 33.02 cm). Seventeenth-century map of England and Scotland. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with ornate cartouche featuring a crown and colorful embellishments. Large compass rose in lower left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of the Isle of Wight, Joan Bleau (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (50.8 cm x 60.96 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the Isle of Wight off the southern English coast. Title piece in lower left has cartouche featuring a coat of arms, and animals. Scale, adorned with globe, in lower right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBleau. 20x24.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlaeu. 20x24.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Rocque. 40x50. London. Two sheets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Warwickshire, England published ca. 1646 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 25 in. (50.8 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Warwickshire, England. Titlepiece in bottom left decorated with cartouche of fruits and flowers. Coats of arms in top left and bottom right, and scale in top right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBellin. 23x36. Paris.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI. Harrison. 21x32. Two sheet map.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of the Western Hemisphere published by J. Covens and C. Mortimer in Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 20 in. (50.8 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicting eighteenth-century Western Hemisphere (North and South America and Pacific islands). Title in upper part of map. European territorial holdings are outlined in color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 19x24.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 21x24. Paris.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaRouge. 21x29. Paris.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Pinkerton's Atlas. 24x40. London.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of roads between Chelmsford and Dover, England published by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 15 in. x 18 in. (38.1 cm x 45.72 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century road from Chelmsford to Dover, England. Titlepiece is in top center of map with a cartouche of mythological sea creatures and figures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of road from London to Bury, England by J. Gibson and published circa 1720. Copper plate engraving, color. 7 in. x 12 in. (17.78 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century road from London to Bury, England. Title runs entire length of map at top. Road is divided into ten numbered columns and towns and mileages are labeled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2-sheet map of southern London by Christophe Homan (1703-30) and published 1736. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 31 in. (63.5 cm x 78.74 cm). 2-sheet map depicting eighteenth-century south London, England. Titlepiece in lower right with Lion and Unicorn Cartouche. Title of map is in Latin, while place and street names are in English. Other information is in German.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia, Maryland and Delaware by Henry Schenck Tanner (1786 - 1858), Philadelphia. Engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Nineteenth-century map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. Titlepiece is in top center. Scale and Explanation are in bottom center. Counties within each state are colored, while bordering states are left white.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 12x15. Includes: a) Virginia and Maryland, b) Texas, c) Arizona and New Mexica, d) Kentucky and Tennessee, e) Floriday, f) Georgia and Alabama, g) North and South Caroline, h) Baltimore, MD.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilkinson. 11x13. London.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCadell and Davies. 23x30. London.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 9x11.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. J. Johnson. 18x26. New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. J. Johnson. 18x26. Same as item 52, but a different edition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCowperthwait. 14x17. Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCotton. 16x18. New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohnson. 14x18. New York. Same as item 55.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColton. 16x18. New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeers \u0026amp; Co. 11x16.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 17x21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCary. 21x24. London.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 18x22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 18x22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 18x27. New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBegin. 15x17.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeutter. 221x25. Pictorial map with scene of burning of Lisbon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 16x32.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHerman Boye. 31x50. Example of the first official map of Virginia backed with cloth in slip case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor J.E. Wayes. 22x25. New York. Maps include 1) Petersburg and Five Forks, 2) Antietam, 3) Spotsylvania Courthouse, and 4) Richmond; folded maps each with a hard cover. In 2 folders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlackford. 20x24. Baltimore. Folded map with hard cover.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYoung. 13x16. Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMitchell (publisher). 22x18. Philadelphia. Folding traveler's map in red morocco folder (3x5); map torn in folds, folder chipped and rubbed. In the same folder as item 70.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Richard Long. 21x25. Manuscript map on parchment showing the future site of the Scottish Colony near Panama which existed from 1698 to 1699, when it was captured by the Spanish Army. Darien was to be the Scottish Jamestown and was part of the British effort to expand southward into the Caribbean. The few survivors found refuge in Jamaica.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWytfliet. 9x12. Louvon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrtelius. 17x21. Map from early atlas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHondius. 19x23. Hondius edition of John Smith map of 1608.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12x19. Amsterdam.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeide. 15x19.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e27x29. Washington D.C.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["New Virginia Map published ca. 1660 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.125 in. x 24.25 in. (51.12 cm x 62.23 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper center. Vignettes of Chief Powhatan in upper left and Native American figure in upper right below explanatory note. This image is based upon the 1608 map by Captain John Smith.","Map of Virginia and Florida published ca. 1640 by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 21.4 in. x 16.9 in. (54.35 cm x 42.93 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia and parts of the southeast Atlantic coast. Large cartouche featuring Native American figures in upper center surrounding titlepiece. Smaller heraldic items in upper right and center of map. Cartouche featuring cherubs surrounds mileage chart in bottom center right.","By Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale.","New Virginia Map by Arnoldis Montanus. Published in Amsterdam in 1671. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 19.3 in. x 16.28 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with images of cherubs. Heraldic image in upper center and Explanatory Note in upper right adorned with figures of Native Americans and animals. Scale in bottom center is also surrounded by cherub figures.","By Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale. This Map has slightly different coloration than Map 3.","New Belgium and New England published ca. 1662 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 24.3 in. x 20.45 in. (61.72 cm x 51.94 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century New Belgium, New England, and New Netherland. Titlepiece is middle right and decorated with images of Native Americans, heraldic symbol, and crown. Scale is in bottom left and decorated with images of children. Other artwork in the map include vignettes of stockade-fenced settlements, animals, and ships.","Map of Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey by John Senex (1678-1740) published 1719 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 24 in. x 20 in. (60.96 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper left. Scale in lower right.","Peter Goos. 17x21.","Homann. 20x23.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Herman Moll (1654-1732). Published in London ca. 1700. Copper plate Engraving, color. 9.5 in. x 13.85 in. (24.14 cm x 35.18 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland and parts of southern New Jersey. Unadorned titlepiece in upper left.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Gilles Robert de Vaugondy (1688-1766) published in 1755. Copper plate engraving, color. 31.75 in x 21.5 in (80.64 cm x 54.61 cm). Map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and parts of Pennsylvania and Delaware. Titlepiece and scale in bottom right has cartouche of flora.","State of Virginia Map by Samuel Lewis, Philadelphia. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 21.3 in. x 16.9 in. (54.1 cm x 42.9 cm). Map depicting Virginia, the Northwest Territory, and parts of Maryland. Titlepiece with scale in upper left.","Unidentified. 10x15.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Emmanuel Bowen. Copper plate engraving, color. 9.75 in. x 16 in. (24.76 cm x 40.64 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece and scale are in bottom right.","New Map of Maryland by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 20.15 in. x 16.21 in. (51.18 cm x 41.17 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Maryland and parts of both Virginia, and New Jersey. Ornate Titlepiece is in top center of map. Dedication, adorned with the coat of arms of Lord Baltimore, is in the upper right, and scale in lower left.","Map of North America by Pierre Schenk (1660-1718) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 20.5 in. (63.5 cm x 52.07 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North America. European territorial possessions are colored in. Ornately decorated titlepiece featuring mythological sea creatures is in upper right. Advertisement and scale are in upper left.","Ortelius. 19x23.","Copper plate engraving, color. 8 in. x 11 in (20.32 cm x 27.94 cm). Map depicting the world's continents as seen from the vantage point of the North Pole. No identification, though \"1680\" penciled-in on verso.","America or New World Newly Described by Abraham Ortelius (1528-1598). Copper plate engraving, black and white. 20.25 in x 15.6 in (51.43 cm x 39.62 cm). Map of North and South America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in lower left and sailing ships in center.","Map of Caribbean islands and Gulf of Mexico by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copperplate engraving, color. 23 in. x 19.25 in. (58.42 cm x 48.89 cm). Map depicting Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Islands and parts of North, South, and Central America. Titlepiece in upper left flanked by cherubs. Ornate dedication in lower left and scale in lower right.","Map of North and South America by Herman Moll (1654-1732), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 14 in. (22.86 cm x 35.56 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North and South America. Titlepiece in top left of map.","Map of North and Central America by Guillame Delisle (1675-1726) of Paris. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in x 25 in (53.34 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting the eastern part of North America and Central America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in upper left featuring mythical sea figures and scale in upper right.","Map of the United States by William Faden (1750-1836). Published 1796 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 23 in. x 31 in. (58.42 cm x 78.74 cm). Map depicts the eighteenth-century United States of America and parts of Canada. Titlepiece in bottom right is decorated with images having to do with shipping and trade. Scale is in bottom left.","Map of Chesapeake Bay Area of Virginia, Mark Tiddeman, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23.5 in. (48.26 cm x 59.69 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Tidewater and Chesapeake Bay area of Virginia. Titlepiece in bottom left. Scale is in bottom center.","Map of North America, J. Spillsbury, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 11 in. x 15 in. (27.94 cm x 38.1 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting North America. Titlepiece is in bottom right. European territorial claims are delineated by colored outlining.","Map of American Colonies by Thomas Bowen (1700-1763), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 12 in. (22.86 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicting the eighteenth-century American colonies. Titlepiece in lower right flanked by images of Native Americans. Scale in middle right.","Map of North America by Simon Bolton and engraved by R.W. Seale. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in. x 26 in. (53.34 cm x 66.04 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century British and French North America. Large decorated titlepiece in lower right adorned with images of cherubs, a Native American figure, animals, and plants.","New Map of the World, by A. F. De wit. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the world depicting the eastern and western hemispheres surrounded by images of the seasons, elements, and mythological figures.","World map showing eastern and western hemispheres, G.M. Lowitz. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting the eastern and western hemispheres of the world. Titlepieces in both upper left (Latin) and upper right (French) adorned with images of flora and fauna. Map has four insets, which depict the Arctic, Antarctic, Horizon of Nuremburg, and the Antipodes of Nuremburg.","Blaeu. 17x21.","Map of England and part of Scotland by Guliel Hole (d. 1624). Copper plate engraving, color. 12 in. x 13 in. (30.48 cm x 33.02 cm). Seventeenth-century map of England and Scotland. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with ornate cartouche featuring a crown and colorful embellishments. Large compass rose in lower left.","Map of the Isle of Wight, Joan Bleau (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (50.8 cm x 60.96 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the Isle of Wight off the southern English coast. Title piece in lower left has cartouche featuring a coat of arms, and animals. Scale, adorned with globe, in lower right.","Bleau. 20x24.","Blaeu. 20x24.","John Rocque. 40x50. London. Two sheets.","Map of Warwickshire, England published ca. 1646 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 25 in. (50.8 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Warwickshire, England. Titlepiece in bottom left decorated with cartouche of fruits and flowers. Coats of arms in top left and bottom right, and scale in top right.","Bellin. 23x36. Paris.","I. Harrison. 21x32. Two sheet map.","Map of the Western Hemisphere published by J. Covens and C. Mortimer in Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 20 in. (50.8 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicting eighteenth-century Western Hemisphere (North and South America and Pacific islands). Title in upper part of map. European territorial holdings are outlined in color.","Unidentified. 19x24.","Unidentified. 21x24. Paris.","LaRouge. 21x29. Paris.","From Pinkerton's Atlas. 24x40. London.","Map of roads between Chelmsford and Dover, England published by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 15 in. x 18 in. (38.1 cm x 45.72 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century road from Chelmsford to Dover, England. Titlepiece is in top center of map with a cartouche of mythological sea creatures and figures.","Map of road from London to Bury, England by J. Gibson and published circa 1720. Copper plate engraving, color. 7 in. x 12 in. (17.78 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century road from London to Bury, England. Title runs entire length of map at top. Road is divided into ten numbered columns and towns and mileages are labeled.","2-sheet map of southern London by Christophe Homan (1703-30) and published 1736. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 31 in. (63.5 cm x 78.74 cm). 2-sheet map depicting eighteenth-century south London, England. Titlepiece in lower right with Lion and Unicorn Cartouche. Title of map is in Latin, while place and street names are in English. Other information is in German.","Map of Virginia, Maryland and Delaware by Henry Schenck Tanner (1786 - 1858), Philadelphia. Engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Nineteenth-century map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. Titlepiece is in top center. Scale and Explanation are in bottom center. Counties within each state are colored, while bordering states are left white.","Unidentified. 12x15. Includes: a) Virginia and Maryland, b) Texas, c) Arizona and New Mexica, d) Kentucky and Tennessee, e) Floriday, f) Georgia and Alabama, g) North and South Caroline, h) Baltimore, MD.","Wilkinson. 11x13. London.","Cadell and Davies. 23x30. London.","Unidentified. 9x11.","A. J. Johnson. 18x26. New York.","A. J. Johnson. 18x26. Same as item 52, but a different edition.","Cowperthwait. 14x17. Philadelphia.","Cotton. 16x18. New York.","Johnson. 14x18. New York. Same as item 55.","Colton. 16x18. New York.","Seers \u0026 Co. 11x16.","Unidentified. 17x21.","Cary. 21x24. London.","Unidentified. 18x22.","Unidentified. 18x22.","Unidentified. 18x27. New York.","Begin. 15x17.","Seutter. 221x25. Pictorial map with scene of burning of Lisbon.","Unidentified. 16x32.","Herman Boye. 31x50. Example of the first official map of Virginia backed with cloth in slip case.","Major J.E. Wayes. 22x25. New York. Maps include 1) Petersburg and Five Forks, 2) Antietam, 3) Spotsylvania Courthouse, and 4) Richmond; folded maps each with a hard cover. In 2 folders.","Blackford. 20x24. Baltimore. Folded map with hard cover.","Young. 13x16. Philadelphia.","Mitchell (publisher). 22x18. Philadelphia. Folding traveler's map in red morocco folder (3x5); map torn in folds, folder chipped and rubbed. In the same folder as item 70.","By Richard Long. 21x25. Manuscript map on parchment showing the future site of the Scottish Colony near Panama which existed from 1698 to 1699, when it was captured by the Spanish Army. Darien was to be the Scottish Jamestown and was part of the British effort to expand southward into the Caribbean. The few survivors found refuge in Jamaica.","Wytfliet. 9x12. Louvon.","Ortelius. 17x21. Map from early atlas.","Hondius. 19x23. Hondius edition of John Smith map of 1608.","12x19. Amsterdam.","Leide. 15x19.","27x29. Washington D.C."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref175\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eDonated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Donated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026 Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"language_ssim":["English\n\t\t"],"total_component_count_is":92,"online_item_count_is":33,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:20:58.362Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_mannmaps","ead_ssi":"vifgm_mannmaps","_root_":"vifgm_mannmaps","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_mannmaps","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/mannmaps.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/mannmaps.html","title_ssm":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"title_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1579-1961"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1579-1961"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0213"],"text":["C0213","C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection","Maps.","There are no access restrictions.","Selections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                 .","This collection is arranged by size of map.","Charles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.","In 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.","Mann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.","He also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977.","Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger.","Special Collections and Archives also holds   and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog.","New Virginia Map published ca. 1660 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.125 in. x 24.25 in. (51.12 cm x 62.23 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper center. Vignettes of Chief Powhatan in upper left and Native American figure in upper right below explanatory note. This image is based upon the 1608 map by Captain John Smith.","Map of Virginia and Florida published ca. 1640 by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 21.4 in. x 16.9 in. (54.35 cm x 42.93 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia and parts of the southeast Atlantic coast. Large cartouche featuring Native American figures in upper center surrounding titlepiece. Smaller heraldic items in upper right and center of map. Cartouche featuring cherubs surrounds mileage chart in bottom center right.","By Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale.","New Virginia Map by Arnoldis Montanus. Published in Amsterdam in 1671. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 19.3 in. x 16.28 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with images of cherubs. Heraldic image in upper center and Explanatory Note in upper right adorned with figures of Native Americans and animals. Scale in bottom center is also surrounded by cherub figures.","By Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale. This Map has slightly different coloration than Map 3.","New Belgium and New England published ca. 1662 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 24.3 in. x 20.45 in. (61.72 cm x 51.94 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century New Belgium, New England, and New Netherland. Titlepiece is middle right and decorated with images of Native Americans, heraldic symbol, and crown. Scale is in bottom left and decorated with images of children. Other artwork in the map include vignettes of stockade-fenced settlements, animals, and ships.","Map of Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey by John Senex (1678-1740) published 1719 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 24 in. x 20 in. (60.96 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper left. Scale in lower right.","Peter Goos. 17x21.","Homann. 20x23.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Herman Moll (1654-1732). Published in London ca. 1700. Copper plate Engraving, color. 9.5 in. x 13.85 in. (24.14 cm x 35.18 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland and parts of southern New Jersey. Unadorned titlepiece in upper left.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Gilles Robert de Vaugondy (1688-1766) published in 1755. Copper plate engraving, color. 31.75 in x 21.5 in (80.64 cm x 54.61 cm). Map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and parts of Pennsylvania and Delaware. Titlepiece and scale in bottom right has cartouche of flora.","State of Virginia Map by Samuel Lewis, Philadelphia. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 21.3 in. x 16.9 in. (54.1 cm x 42.9 cm). Map depicting Virginia, the Northwest Territory, and parts of Maryland. Titlepiece with scale in upper left.","Unidentified. 10x15.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Emmanuel Bowen. Copper plate engraving, color. 9.75 in. x 16 in. (24.76 cm x 40.64 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece and scale are in bottom right.","New Map of Maryland by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 20.15 in. x 16.21 in. (51.18 cm x 41.17 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Maryland and parts of both Virginia, and New Jersey. Ornate Titlepiece is in top center of map. Dedication, adorned with the coat of arms of Lord Baltimore, is in the upper right, and scale in lower left.","Map of North America by Pierre Schenk (1660-1718) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 20.5 in. (63.5 cm x 52.07 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North America. European territorial possessions are colored in. Ornately decorated titlepiece featuring mythological sea creatures is in upper right. Advertisement and scale are in upper left.","Ortelius. 19x23.","Copper plate engraving, color. 8 in. x 11 in (20.32 cm x 27.94 cm). Map depicting the world's continents as seen from the vantage point of the North Pole. No identification, though \"1680\" penciled-in on verso.","America or New World Newly Described by Abraham Ortelius (1528-1598). Copper plate engraving, black and white. 20.25 in x 15.6 in (51.43 cm x 39.62 cm). Map of North and South America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in lower left and sailing ships in center.","Map of Caribbean islands and Gulf of Mexico by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copperplate engraving, color. 23 in. x 19.25 in. (58.42 cm x 48.89 cm). Map depicting Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Islands and parts of North, South, and Central America. Titlepiece in upper left flanked by cherubs. Ornate dedication in lower left and scale in lower right.","Map of North and South America by Herman Moll (1654-1732), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 14 in. (22.86 cm x 35.56 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North and South America. Titlepiece in top left of map.","Map of North and Central America by Guillame Delisle (1675-1726) of Paris. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in x 25 in (53.34 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting the eastern part of North America and Central America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in upper left featuring mythical sea figures and scale in upper right.","Map of the United States by William Faden (1750-1836). Published 1796 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 23 in. x 31 in. (58.42 cm x 78.74 cm). Map depicts the eighteenth-century United States of America and parts of Canada. Titlepiece in bottom right is decorated with images having to do with shipping and trade. Scale is in bottom left.","Map of Chesapeake Bay Area of Virginia, Mark Tiddeman, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23.5 in. (48.26 cm x 59.69 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Tidewater and Chesapeake Bay area of Virginia. Titlepiece in bottom left. Scale is in bottom center.","Map of North America, J. Spillsbury, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 11 in. x 15 in. (27.94 cm x 38.1 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting North America. Titlepiece is in bottom right. European territorial claims are delineated by colored outlining.","Map of American Colonies by Thomas Bowen (1700-1763), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 12 in. (22.86 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicting the eighteenth-century American colonies. Titlepiece in lower right flanked by images of Native Americans. Scale in middle right.","Map of North America by Simon Bolton and engraved by R.W. Seale. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in. x 26 in. (53.34 cm x 66.04 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century British and French North America. Large decorated titlepiece in lower right adorned with images of cherubs, a Native American figure, animals, and plants.","New Map of the World, by A. F. De wit. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the world depicting the eastern and western hemispheres surrounded by images of the seasons, elements, and mythological figures.","World map showing eastern and western hemispheres, G.M. Lowitz. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting the eastern and western hemispheres of the world. Titlepieces in both upper left (Latin) and upper right (French) adorned with images of flora and fauna. Map has four insets, which depict the Arctic, Antarctic, Horizon of Nuremburg, and the Antipodes of Nuremburg.","Blaeu. 17x21.","Map of England and part of Scotland by Guliel Hole (d. 1624). Copper plate engraving, color. 12 in. x 13 in. (30.48 cm x 33.02 cm). Seventeenth-century map of England and Scotland. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with ornate cartouche featuring a crown and colorful embellishments. Large compass rose in lower left.","Map of the Isle of Wight, Joan Bleau (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (50.8 cm x 60.96 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the Isle of Wight off the southern English coast. Title piece in lower left has cartouche featuring a coat of arms, and animals. Scale, adorned with globe, in lower right.","Bleau. 20x24.","Blaeu. 20x24.","John Rocque. 40x50. London. Two sheets.","Map of Warwickshire, England published ca. 1646 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 25 in. (50.8 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Warwickshire, England. Titlepiece in bottom left decorated with cartouche of fruits and flowers. Coats of arms in top left and bottom right, and scale in top right.","Bellin. 23x36. Paris.","I. Harrison. 21x32. Two sheet map.","Map of the Western Hemisphere published by J. Covens and C. Mortimer in Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 20 in. (50.8 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicting eighteenth-century Western Hemisphere (North and South America and Pacific islands). Title in upper part of map. European territorial holdings are outlined in color.","Unidentified. 19x24.","Unidentified. 21x24. Paris.","LaRouge. 21x29. Paris.","From Pinkerton's Atlas. 24x40. London.","Map of roads between Chelmsford and Dover, England published by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 15 in. x 18 in. (38.1 cm x 45.72 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century road from Chelmsford to Dover, England. Titlepiece is in top center of map with a cartouche of mythological sea creatures and figures.","Map of road from London to Bury, England by J. Gibson and published circa 1720. Copper plate engraving, color. 7 in. x 12 in. (17.78 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century road from London to Bury, England. Title runs entire length of map at top. Road is divided into ten numbered columns and towns and mileages are labeled.","2-sheet map of southern London by Christophe Homan (1703-30) and published 1736. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 31 in. (63.5 cm x 78.74 cm). 2-sheet map depicting eighteenth-century south London, England. Titlepiece in lower right with Lion and Unicorn Cartouche. Title of map is in Latin, while place and street names are in English. Other information is in German.","Map of Virginia, Maryland and Delaware by Henry Schenck Tanner (1786 - 1858), Philadelphia. Engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Nineteenth-century map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. Titlepiece is in top center. Scale and Explanation are in bottom center. Counties within each state are colored, while bordering states are left white.","Unidentified. 12x15. Includes: a) Virginia and Maryland, b) Texas, c) Arizona and New Mexica, d) Kentucky and Tennessee, e) Floriday, f) Georgia and Alabama, g) North and South Caroline, h) Baltimore, MD.","Wilkinson. 11x13. London.","Cadell and Davies. 23x30. London.","Unidentified. 9x11.","A. J. Johnson. 18x26. New York.","A. J. Johnson. 18x26. Same as item 52, but a different edition.","Cowperthwait. 14x17. Philadelphia.","Cotton. 16x18. New York.","Johnson. 14x18. New York. Same as item 55.","Colton. 16x18. New York.","Seers \u0026 Co. 11x16.","Unidentified. 17x21.","Cary. 21x24. London.","Unidentified. 18x22.","Unidentified. 18x22.","Unidentified. 18x27. New York.","Begin. 15x17.","Seutter. 221x25. Pictorial map with scene of burning of Lisbon.","Unidentified. 16x32.","Herman Boye. 31x50. Example of the first official map of Virginia backed with cloth in slip case.","Major J.E. Wayes. 22x25. New York. Maps include 1) Petersburg and Five Forks, 2) Antietam, 3) Spotsylvania Courthouse, and 4) Richmond; folded maps each with a hard cover. In 2 folders.","Blackford. 20x24. Baltimore. Folded map with hard cover.","Young. 13x16. Philadelphia.","Mitchell (publisher). 22x18. Philadelphia. Folding traveler's map in red morocco folder (3x5); map torn in folds, folder chipped and rubbed. In the same folder as item 70.","By Richard Long. 21x25. Manuscript map on parchment showing the future site of the Scottish Colony near Panama which existed from 1698 to 1699, when it was captured by the Spanish Army. Darien was to be the Scottish Jamestown and was part of the British effort to expand southward into the Caribbean. The few survivors found refuge in Jamaica.","Wytfliet. 9x12. Louvon.","Ortelius. 17x21. Map from early atlas.","Hondius. 19x23. Hondius edition of John Smith map of 1608.","12x19. Amsterdam.","Leide. 15x19.","27x29. Washington D.C.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","Donated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026 Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t","English\n\t\t"],"unitid_tesim":["C0213"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"collection_ssim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creator_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creators_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Betty Hart Mann in 1979."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["5 linear feet (90 folders)"],"extent_tesim":["5 linear feet (90 folders)"],"date_range_isim":[1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Digitized Map Collection\" href=\"http://digilib.gmu.edu:8080/dspace/handle/1920/1935\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                 ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by size of map.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by size of map."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.","In 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.","Mann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.","He also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection, C0213, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection, C0213, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"C. Harrison Mann, Jr.'s personal papers\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/mann.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds   and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eNew Virginia Map published ca. 1660 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.125 in. x 24.25 in. (51.12 cm x 62.23 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper center. Vignettes of Chief Powhatan in upper left and Native American figure in upper right below explanatory note. This image is based upon the 1608 map by Captain John Smith.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia and Florida published ca. 1640 by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 21.4 in. x 16.9 in. (54.35 cm x 42.93 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia and parts of the southeast Atlantic coast. Large cartouche featuring Native American figures in upper center surrounding titlepiece. Smaller heraldic items in upper right and center of map. Cartouche featuring cherubs surrounds mileage chart in bottom center right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Virginia Map by Arnoldis Montanus. Published in Amsterdam in 1671. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 19.3 in. x 16.28 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with images of cherubs. Heraldic image in upper center and Explanatory Note in upper right adorned with figures of Native Americans and animals. Scale in bottom center is also surrounded by cherub figures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale. This Map has slightly different coloration than Map 3.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Belgium and New England published ca. 1662 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 24.3 in. x 20.45 in. (61.72 cm x 51.94 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century New Belgium, New England, and New Netherland. Titlepiece is middle right and decorated with images of Native Americans, heraldic symbol, and crown. Scale is in bottom left and decorated with images of children. Other artwork in the map include vignettes of stockade-fenced settlements, animals, and ships.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey by John Senex (1678-1740) published 1719 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 24 in. x 20 in. (60.96 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper left. Scale in lower right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePeter Goos. 17x21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHomann. 20x23.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia and Maryland by Herman Moll (1654-1732). Published in London ca. 1700. Copper plate Engraving, color. 9.5 in. x 13.85 in. (24.14 cm x 35.18 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland and parts of southern New Jersey. Unadorned titlepiece in upper left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia and Maryland by Gilles Robert de Vaugondy (1688-1766) published in 1755. Copper plate engraving, color. 31.75 in x 21.5 in (80.64 cm x 54.61 cm). Map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and parts of Pennsylvania and Delaware. Titlepiece and scale in bottom right has cartouche of flora.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eState of Virginia Map by Samuel Lewis, Philadelphia. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 21.3 in. x 16.9 in. (54.1 cm x 42.9 cm). Map depicting Virginia, the Northwest Territory, and parts of Maryland. Titlepiece with scale in upper left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 10x15.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia and Maryland by Emmanuel Bowen. Copper plate engraving, color. 9.75 in. x 16 in. (24.76 cm x 40.64 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece and scale are in bottom right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Map of Maryland by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 20.15 in. x 16.21 in. (51.18 cm x 41.17 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Maryland and parts of both Virginia, and New Jersey. Ornate Titlepiece is in top center of map. Dedication, adorned with the coat of arms of Lord Baltimore, is in the upper right, and scale in lower left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of North America by Pierre Schenk (1660-1718) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 20.5 in. (63.5 cm x 52.07 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North America. European territorial possessions are colored in. Ornately decorated titlepiece featuring mythological sea creatures is in upper right. Advertisement and scale are in upper left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrtelius. 19x23.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCopper plate engraving, color. 8 in. x 11 in (20.32 cm x 27.94 cm). Map depicting the world's continents as seen from the vantage point of the North Pole. No identification, though \"1680\" penciled-in on verso.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAmerica or New World Newly Described by Abraham Ortelius (1528-1598). Copper plate engraving, black and white. 20.25 in x 15.6 in (51.43 cm x 39.62 cm). Map of North and South America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in lower left and sailing ships in center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Caribbean islands and Gulf of Mexico by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copperplate engraving, color. 23 in. x 19.25 in. (58.42 cm x 48.89 cm). Map depicting Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Islands and parts of North, South, and Central America. Titlepiece in upper left flanked by cherubs. Ornate dedication in lower left and scale in lower right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of North and South America by Herman Moll (1654-1732), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 14 in. (22.86 cm x 35.56 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North and South America. Titlepiece in top left of map.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of North and Central America by Guillame Delisle (1675-1726) of Paris. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in x 25 in (53.34 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting the eastern part of North America and Central America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in upper left featuring mythical sea figures and scale in upper right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of the United States by William Faden (1750-1836). Published 1796 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 23 in. x 31 in. (58.42 cm x 78.74 cm). Map depicts the eighteenth-century United States of America and parts of Canada. Titlepiece in bottom right is decorated with images having to do with shipping and trade. Scale is in bottom left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Chesapeake Bay Area of Virginia, Mark Tiddeman, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23.5 in. (48.26 cm x 59.69 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Tidewater and Chesapeake Bay area of Virginia. Titlepiece in bottom left. Scale is in bottom center.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of North America, J. Spillsbury, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 11 in. x 15 in. (27.94 cm x 38.1 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting North America. Titlepiece is in bottom right. European territorial claims are delineated by colored outlining.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of American Colonies by Thomas Bowen (1700-1763), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 12 in. (22.86 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicting the eighteenth-century American colonies. Titlepiece in lower right flanked by images of Native Americans. Scale in middle right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of North America by Simon Bolton and engraved by R.W. Seale. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in. x 26 in. (53.34 cm x 66.04 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century British and French North America. Large decorated titlepiece in lower right adorned with images of cherubs, a Native American figure, animals, and plants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNew Map of the World, by A. F. De wit. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the world depicting the eastern and western hemispheres surrounded by images of the seasons, elements, and mythological figures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWorld map showing eastern and western hemispheres, G.M. Lowitz. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting the eastern and western hemispheres of the world. Titlepieces in both upper left (Latin) and upper right (French) adorned with images of flora and fauna. Map has four insets, which depict the Arctic, Antarctic, Horizon of Nuremburg, and the Antipodes of Nuremburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlaeu. 17x21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of England and part of Scotland by Guliel Hole (d. 1624). Copper plate engraving, color. 12 in. x 13 in. (30.48 cm x 33.02 cm). Seventeenth-century map of England and Scotland. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with ornate cartouche featuring a crown and colorful embellishments. Large compass rose in lower left.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of the Isle of Wight, Joan Bleau (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (50.8 cm x 60.96 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the Isle of Wight off the southern English coast. Title piece in lower left has cartouche featuring a coat of arms, and animals. Scale, adorned with globe, in lower right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBleau. 20x24.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlaeu. 20x24.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohn Rocque. 40x50. London. Two sheets.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Warwickshire, England published ca. 1646 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 25 in. (50.8 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Warwickshire, England. Titlepiece in bottom left decorated with cartouche of fruits and flowers. Coats of arms in top left and bottom right, and scale in top right.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBellin. 23x36. Paris.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eI. Harrison. 21x32. Two sheet map.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of the Western Hemisphere published by J. Covens and C. Mortimer in Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 20 in. (50.8 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicting eighteenth-century Western Hemisphere (North and South America and Pacific islands). Title in upper part of map. European territorial holdings are outlined in color.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 19x24.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 21x24. Paris.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLaRouge. 21x29. Paris.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFrom Pinkerton's Atlas. 24x40. London.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of roads between Chelmsford and Dover, England published by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 15 in. x 18 in. (38.1 cm x 45.72 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century road from Chelmsford to Dover, England. Titlepiece is in top center of map with a cartouche of mythological sea creatures and figures.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of road from London to Bury, England by J. Gibson and published circa 1720. Copper plate engraving, color. 7 in. x 12 in. (17.78 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century road from London to Bury, England. Title runs entire length of map at top. Road is divided into ten numbered columns and towns and mileages are labeled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e2-sheet map of southern London by Christophe Homan (1703-30) and published 1736. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 31 in. (63.5 cm x 78.74 cm). 2-sheet map depicting eighteenth-century south London, England. Titlepiece in lower right with Lion and Unicorn Cartouche. Title of map is in Latin, while place and street names are in English. Other information is in German.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMap of Virginia, Maryland and Delaware by Henry Schenck Tanner (1786 - 1858), Philadelphia. Engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Nineteenth-century map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. Titlepiece is in top center. Scale and Explanation are in bottom center. Counties within each state are colored, while bordering states are left white.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 12x15. Includes: a) Virginia and Maryland, b) Texas, c) Arizona and New Mexica, d) Kentucky and Tennessee, e) Floriday, f) Georgia and Alabama, g) North and South Caroline, h) Baltimore, MD.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWilkinson. 11x13. London.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCadell and Davies. 23x30. London.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 9x11.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. J. Johnson. 18x26. New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA. J. Johnson. 18x26. Same as item 52, but a different edition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCowperthwait. 14x17. Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCotton. 16x18. New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eJohnson. 14x18. New York. Same as item 55.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eColton. 16x18. New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeers \u0026amp; Co. 11x16.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 17x21.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCary. 21x24. London.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 18x22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 18x22.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 18x27. New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBegin. 15x17.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSeutter. 221x25. Pictorial map with scene of burning of Lisbon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUnidentified. 16x32.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHerman Boye. 31x50. Example of the first official map of Virginia backed with cloth in slip case.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMajor J.E. Wayes. 22x25. New York. Maps include 1) Petersburg and Five Forks, 2) Antietam, 3) Spotsylvania Courthouse, and 4) Richmond; folded maps each with a hard cover. In 2 folders.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlackford. 20x24. Baltimore. Folded map with hard cover.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eYoung. 13x16. Philadelphia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMitchell (publisher). 22x18. Philadelphia. Folding traveler's map in red morocco folder (3x5); map torn in folds, folder chipped and rubbed. In the same folder as item 70.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBy Richard Long. 21x25. Manuscript map on parchment showing the future site of the Scottish Colony near Panama which existed from 1698 to 1699, when it was captured by the Spanish Army. Darien was to be the Scottish Jamestown and was part of the British effort to expand southward into the Caribbean. The few survivors found refuge in Jamaica.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWytfliet. 9x12. Louvon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eOrtelius. 17x21. Map from early atlas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHondius. 19x23. Hondius edition of John Smith map of 1608.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e12x19. Amsterdam.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLeide. 15x19.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e27x29. Washington D.C.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_tesim":["New Virginia Map published ca. 1660 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.125 in. x 24.25 in. (51.12 cm x 62.23 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper center. Vignettes of Chief Powhatan in upper left and Native American figure in upper right below explanatory note. This image is based upon the 1608 map by Captain John Smith.","Map of Virginia and Florida published ca. 1640 by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 21.4 in. x 16.9 in. (54.35 cm x 42.93 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia and parts of the southeast Atlantic coast. Large cartouche featuring Native American figures in upper center surrounding titlepiece. Smaller heraldic items in upper right and center of map. Cartouche featuring cherubs surrounds mileage chart in bottom center right.","By Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale.","New Virginia Map by Arnoldis Montanus. Published in Amsterdam in 1671. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 19.3 in. x 16.28 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Virginia. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with images of cherubs. Heraldic image in upper center and Explanatory Note in upper right adorned with figures of Native Americans and animals. Scale in bottom center is also surrounded by cherub figures.","By Francis Lamb. Copper plate engraving, color. 20.7 in. x 17 in. (52.57 cm x 43.18 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper right with cartouche featuring angelic figures. Heraldic symbol with crown in upper left just above scale. This Map has slightly different coloration than Map 3.","New Belgium and New England published ca. 1662 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 24.3 in. x 20.45 in. (61.72 cm x 51.94 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century New Belgium, New England, and New Netherland. Titlepiece is middle right and decorated with images of Native Americans, heraldic symbol, and crown. Scale is in bottom left and decorated with images of children. Other artwork in the map include vignettes of stockade-fenced settlements, animals, and ships.","Map of Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey by John Senex (1678-1740) published 1719 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 24 in. x 20 in. (60.96 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. Titlepiece in upper left. Scale in lower right.","Peter Goos. 17x21.","Homann. 20x23.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Herman Moll (1654-1732). Published in London ca. 1700. Copper plate Engraving, color. 9.5 in. x 13.85 in. (24.14 cm x 35.18 cm). Map depicts Virginia, Maryland and parts of southern New Jersey. Unadorned titlepiece in upper left.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Gilles Robert de Vaugondy (1688-1766) published in 1755. Copper plate engraving, color. 31.75 in x 21.5 in (80.64 cm x 54.61 cm). Map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and parts of Pennsylvania and Delaware. Titlepiece and scale in bottom right has cartouche of flora.","State of Virginia Map by Samuel Lewis, Philadelphia. Copper plate engraving, black and white. 21.3 in. x 16.9 in. (54.1 cm x 42.9 cm). Map depicting Virginia, the Northwest Territory, and parts of Maryland. Titlepiece with scale in upper left.","Unidentified. 10x15.","Map of Virginia and Maryland by Emmanuel Bowen. Copper plate engraving, color. 9.75 in. x 16 in. (24.76 cm x 40.64 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Virginia, Maryland, and part of New Jersey. Titlepiece and scale are in bottom right.","New Map of Maryland by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 20.15 in. x 16.21 in. (51.18 cm x 41.17 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century Maryland and parts of both Virginia, and New Jersey. Ornate Titlepiece is in top center of map. Dedication, adorned with the coat of arms of Lord Baltimore, is in the upper right, and scale in lower left.","Map of North America by Pierre Schenk (1660-1718) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 20.5 in. (63.5 cm x 52.07 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North America. European territorial possessions are colored in. Ornately decorated titlepiece featuring mythological sea creatures is in upper right. Advertisement and scale are in upper left.","Ortelius. 19x23.","Copper plate engraving, color. 8 in. x 11 in (20.32 cm x 27.94 cm). Map depicting the world's continents as seen from the vantage point of the North Pole. No identification, though \"1680\" penciled-in on verso.","America or New World Newly Described by Abraham Ortelius (1528-1598). Copper plate engraving, black and white. 20.25 in x 15.6 in (51.43 cm x 39.62 cm). Map of North and South America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in lower left and sailing ships in center.","Map of Caribbean islands and Gulf of Mexico by Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571-1638) of Amsterdam. Copperplate engraving, color. 23 in. x 19.25 in. (58.42 cm x 48.89 cm). Map depicting Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Islands and parts of North, South, and Central America. Titlepiece in upper left flanked by cherubs. Ornate dedication in lower left and scale in lower right.","Map of North and South America by Herman Moll (1654-1732), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 14 in. (22.86 cm x 35.56 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century North and South America. Titlepiece in top left of map.","Map of North and Central America by Guillame Delisle (1675-1726) of Paris. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in x 25 in (53.34 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting the eastern part of North America and Central America. Ornately decorated titlepiece in upper left featuring mythical sea figures and scale in upper right.","Map of the United States by William Faden (1750-1836). Published 1796 in London. Copper plate engraving, color. 23 in. x 31 in. (58.42 cm x 78.74 cm). Map depicts the eighteenth-century United States of America and parts of Canada. Titlepiece in bottom right is decorated with images having to do with shipping and trade. Scale is in bottom left.","Map of Chesapeake Bay Area of Virginia, Mark Tiddeman, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23.5 in. (48.26 cm x 59.69 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century Tidewater and Chesapeake Bay area of Virginia. Titlepiece in bottom left. Scale is in bottom center.","Map of North America, J. Spillsbury, London. Copper plate engraving, color. 11 in. x 15 in. (27.94 cm x 38.1 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting North America. Titlepiece is in bottom right. European territorial claims are delineated by colored outlining.","Map of American Colonies by Thomas Bowen (1700-1763), London. Copper plate engraving, color. 9 in. x 12 in. (22.86 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicting the eighteenth-century American colonies. Titlepiece in lower right flanked by images of Native Americans. Scale in middle right.","Map of North America by Simon Bolton and engraved by R.W. Seale. Copper plate engraving, color. 21 in. x 26 in. (53.34 cm x 66.04 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century British and French North America. Large decorated titlepiece in lower right adorned with images of cherubs, a Native American figure, animals, and plants.","New Map of the World, by A. F. De wit. Copper plate engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the world depicting the eastern and western hemispheres surrounded by images of the seasons, elements, and mythological figures.","World map showing eastern and western hemispheres, G.M. Lowitz. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (49 cm x 41.35 cm). Eighteenth-century map depicting the eastern and western hemispheres of the world. Titlepieces in both upper left (Latin) and upper right (French) adorned with images of flora and fauna. Map has four insets, which depict the Arctic, Antarctic, Horizon of Nuremburg, and the Antipodes of Nuremburg.","Blaeu. 17x21.","Map of England and part of Scotland by Guliel Hole (d. 1624). Copper plate engraving, color. 12 in. x 13 in. (30.48 cm x 33.02 cm). Seventeenth-century map of England and Scotland. Titlepiece in upper right adorned with ornate cartouche featuring a crown and colorful embellishments. Large compass rose in lower left.","Map of the Isle of Wight, Joan Bleau (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 24 in. (50.8 cm x 60.96 cm). Seventeenth-century map of the Isle of Wight off the southern English coast. Title piece in lower left has cartouche featuring a coat of arms, and animals. Scale, adorned with globe, in lower right.","Bleau. 20x24.","Blaeu. 20x24.","John Rocque. 40x50. London. Two sheets.","Map of Warwickshire, England published ca. 1646 by Joan Blaeu (1597-1663) of Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 25 in. (50.8 cm x 63.5 cm). Map depicting seventeenth-century Warwickshire, England. Titlepiece in bottom left decorated with cartouche of fruits and flowers. Coats of arms in top left and bottom right, and scale in top right.","Bellin. 23x36. Paris.","I. Harrison. 21x32. Two sheet map.","Map of the Western Hemisphere published by J. Covens and C. Mortimer in Amsterdam. Copper plate engraving, color. 20 in. x 20 in. (50.8 cm x 50.8 cm). Map depicting eighteenth-century Western Hemisphere (North and South America and Pacific islands). Title in upper part of map. European territorial holdings are outlined in color.","Unidentified. 19x24.","Unidentified. 21x24. Paris.","LaRouge. 21x29. Paris.","From Pinkerton's Atlas. 24x40. London.","Map of roads between Chelmsford and Dover, England published by John Ogilby (1600-1676). Copper plate engraving, color. 15 in. x 18 in. (38.1 cm x 45.72 cm). Map depicts seventeenth-century road from Chelmsford to Dover, England. Titlepiece is in top center of map with a cartouche of mythological sea creatures and figures.","Map of road from London to Bury, England by J. Gibson and published circa 1720. Copper plate engraving, color. 7 in. x 12 in. (17.78 cm x 30.48 cm). Map depicts eighteenth-century road from London to Bury, England. Title runs entire length of map at top. Road is divided into ten numbered columns and towns and mileages are labeled.","2-sheet map of southern London by Christophe Homan (1703-30) and published 1736. Copper plate engraving, color. 25 in. x 31 in. (63.5 cm x 78.74 cm). 2-sheet map depicting eighteenth-century south London, England. Titlepiece in lower right with Lion and Unicorn Cartouche. Title of map is in Latin, while place and street names are in English. Other information is in German.","Map of Virginia, Maryland and Delaware by Henry Schenck Tanner (1786 - 1858), Philadelphia. Engraving, color. 19 in. x 23 in. (48.26 cm x 58.42 cm). Nineteenth-century map depicting Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware. Titlepiece is in top center. Scale and Explanation are in bottom center. Counties within each state are colored, while bordering states are left white.","Unidentified. 12x15. Includes: a) Virginia and Maryland, b) Texas, c) Arizona and New Mexica, d) Kentucky and Tennessee, e) Floriday, f) Georgia and Alabama, g) North and South Caroline, h) Baltimore, MD.","Wilkinson. 11x13. London.","Cadell and Davies. 23x30. London.","Unidentified. 9x11.","A. J. Johnson. 18x26. New York.","A. J. Johnson. 18x26. Same as item 52, but a different edition.","Cowperthwait. 14x17. Philadelphia.","Cotton. 16x18. New York.","Johnson. 14x18. New York. Same as item 55.","Colton. 16x18. New York.","Seers \u0026 Co. 11x16.","Unidentified. 17x21.","Cary. 21x24. London.","Unidentified. 18x22.","Unidentified. 18x22.","Unidentified. 18x27. New York.","Begin. 15x17.","Seutter. 221x25. Pictorial map with scene of burning of Lisbon.","Unidentified. 16x32.","Herman Boye. 31x50. Example of the first official map of Virginia backed with cloth in slip case.","Major J.E. Wayes. 22x25. New York. Maps include 1) Petersburg and Five Forks, 2) Antietam, 3) Spotsylvania Courthouse, and 4) Richmond; folded maps each with a hard cover. In 2 folders.","Blackford. 20x24. Baltimore. Folded map with hard cover.","Young. 13x16. Philadelphia.","Mitchell (publisher). 22x18. Philadelphia. Folding traveler's map in red morocco folder (3x5); map torn in folds, folder chipped and rubbed. In the same folder as item 70.","By Richard Long. 21x25. Manuscript map on parchment showing the future site of the Scottish Colony near Panama which existed from 1698 to 1699, when it was captured by the Spanish Army. Darien was to be the Scottish Jamestown and was part of the British effort to expand southward into the Caribbean. The few survivors found refuge in Jamaica.","Wytfliet. 9x12. Louvon.","Ortelius. 17x21. Map from early atlas.","Hondius. 19x23. Hondius edition of John Smith map of 1608.","12x19. Amsterdam.","Leide. 15x19.","27x29. Washington D.C."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref175\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eDonated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Donated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026 Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"language_ssim":["English\n\t\t"],"total_component_count_is":92,"online_item_count_is":33,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T06:20:58.362Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mannmaps"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c706","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Ellen [Wayles Randolph] to Samuel Smith","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c706#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c706","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c706"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c706","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"text":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill","Ellen [Wayles Randolph] to Samuel Smith","box 8","folder 106"],"title_filing_ssi":"Ellen [Wayles Randolph] to Samuel Smith","title_ssm":["Ellen [Wayles Randolph] to Samuel Smith"],"title_tesim":["Ellen [Wayles Randolph] to Samuel Smith"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1840s"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1840/1849"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Ellen [Wayles Randolph] to Samuel Smith"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":706,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"digital_objects_ssm":["{\"label\":\"Ellen [Wayles Randolph] to Samuel Smith, circa 1840s\",\"href\":\"https://iiifman.lib.virginia.edu/pid/tsb:106689\"}"],"date_range_isim":[1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849],"containers_ssim":["box 8","folder 106"],"_nest_path_":"/components#705","timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1426.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/147344","title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"unitdate_ssm":["1732-1860"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1732-1860"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426"],"text":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426","Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The materials are arranged chronologically. Oversized items are listed at the end of the inventory.","The Randolph familiy of Virginia began with William Randolph, who emigrated from Warwickshire, England between 1669 and 1673. He was the great-grandfather of Thomas Jefferson. ","Martha Jefferson Randolph (eldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson) married her third cousin, Thomas Mann Randolph in 1790. Together they had eleven children, whom Martha educated at home. Martha was known for her keen intellect and would often assist her father with his affairs. Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.","Edgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.","Source: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023.","This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.","The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533).","The collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present.","Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Randolph family"],"creator_ssim":["Randolph family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"creators_ssim":["Randolph family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. 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Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEdgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Randolph familiy of Virginia began with William Randolph, who emigrated from Warwickshire, England between 1669 and 1673. He was the great-grandfather of Thomas Jefferson. ","Martha Jefferson Randolph (eldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson) married her third cousin, Thomas Mann Randolph in 1790. Together they had eleven children, whom Martha educated at home. Martha was known for her keen intellect and would often assist her father with his affairs. Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.","Edgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.","Source: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFunding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Funding"],"odd_tesim":["This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. 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Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"names_coll_ssim":["Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1011,"online_item_count_is":1004,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c706"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c773","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"H.C. Stearns to Jane Hollins Randolph; Sent from Worcester","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c773#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c773","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c773"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c773","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"text":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill","H.C. Stearns to Jane Hollins Randolph; Sent from Worcester","box 9","folder 67"],"title_filing_ssi":"H.C. Stearns to Jane Hollins Randolph; Sent from Worcester","title_ssm":["H.C. Stearns to Jane Hollins Randolph; Sent from Worcester"],"title_tesim":["H.C. Stearns to Jane Hollins Randolph; Sent from Worcester"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1844-05-12"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1844"],"normalized_title_ssm":["H.C. Stearns to Jane Hollins Randolph; Sent from Worcester"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":773,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"digital_objects_ssm":["{\"label\":\"H.C. Stearns to Jane Hollins Randolph; Sent from Worcester, 1844-05-12\",\"href\":\"https://iiifman.lib.virginia.edu/pid/tsb:106764\"}"],"date_range_isim":[1844],"containers_ssim":["box 9","folder 67"],"_nest_path_":"/components#772","timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1426.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/147344","title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"unitdate_ssm":["1732-1860"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1732-1860"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426"],"text":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426","Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The materials are arranged chronologically. Oversized items are listed at the end of the inventory.","The Randolph familiy of Virginia began with William Randolph, who emigrated from Warwickshire, England between 1669 and 1673. He was the great-grandfather of Thomas Jefferson. ","Martha Jefferson Randolph (eldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson) married her third cousin, Thomas Mann Randolph in 1790. Together they had eleven children, whom Martha educated at home. Martha was known for her keen intellect and would often assist her father with his affairs. Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.","Edgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.","Source: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023.","This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.","The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533).","The collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present.","Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. 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Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEdgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Randolph familiy of Virginia began with William Randolph, who emigrated from Warwickshire, England between 1669 and 1673. He was the great-grandfather of Thomas Jefferson. ","Martha Jefferson Randolph (eldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson) married her third cousin, Thomas Mann Randolph in 1790. Together they had eleven children, whom Martha educated at home. Martha was known for her keen intellect and would often assist her father with his affairs. Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.","Edgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.","Source: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFunding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Funding"],"odd_tesim":["This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"names_coll_ssim":["Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1011,"online_item_count_is":1004,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-06-09T07:08:45.006Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c773"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1446","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1446#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the history of Hugh Carr, an African American born in enslavement in 1843 and his family who lived on a tract of land (River View Farm) that Carr and his wife Texie Mae Hawkins bought in 1870 after emancipation. He became one of the largest African American landowners in Albemarle County, where he raised several generations of his family in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community, until his death in 1914.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1446#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1446","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1446","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1446","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1446","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1446.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/147972","title_filing_ssi":"Hugh Carr family and River View Farm ","title_ssm":["Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm"],"title_tesim":["Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm"],"unitdate_ssm":["1843-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1843-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 10176","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1446"],"text":["MSS 10176","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1446","Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","African American families","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County.","The collection is open for research use.","During the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"River View\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.","He and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. ","\nAs Hugh Carr was deprived of any formal education, he placed an emphasis on education for his daughters and son, all of whom went to school. Many of his children earned college degrees, becoming teachers and community leaders. ","His oldest, Mary Louise Carr became principal of Albemarle Training School and was an influential educator in the local community. Later, she was honored for her commitment to education with the naming of Greer Elementary School after her. In 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.","Following its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.","The Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. ","Sources: Ivy Creek Foundation, Accessed 1/27/2023 https://ivycreekfoundation.org/cultural-history ","Some items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling.","This collection MSS 10176 is related to the Ivy Creek Natural Area MSS 10770, about the history of River View farm and Hugh Carr family which is now the Ivy Creek Natural Area. MSS 10770 is a deposit. It also contains the history of Ivy Creek Natural Area and how it was purchased by the local government to preserve the land and history.","This collection consists of the history of Hugh Carr, an African American born in enslavement in 1843 and his family who lived on a tract of land (River View Farm) that Carr and his wife Texie Mae Hawkins bought in 1870 after emancipation. He became one of the largest African American landowners in Albemarle County, where he raised several generations of his family in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community, until his death in 1914.","The papers show that Carr highly valued education for his daughters as well as his son. His eldest daughter, Mary Louise Carr Greer became a well-known educator and principal of Albemarle Training School. Her family continued to live on the farm until 1978 when it became the Ivy Creek Natural Area with the support of the Nature Conservancy. ","There are documents, newspaper clippings, photographs pertaining to the history of this prominent African American family. ","Included is the original receipt for the purchase of land for the farm by Hugh Carr in 1870 in the amount of $100 and contracts for when Carr worked as a farm manager for Richard Wingfield and A. A. Southerland. ","There are legal and financial papers of Conly Greer (1883-1956) and correspondence of Mary Carr Greer and her husband, Conly Greer.  Included is a letter written for Hugh Carr giving Conly approval to marry his daughter. (Hugh Carr could not read and write but he would sign his name with an X). There is also correspondence of their daughter, Evangeline Greer Jones while courting her husband, Hinton C. Jones.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 10176","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1446"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm"],"collection_ssim":["Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"acqinfo_ssim":["MSS 10176,The Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm  was a gift from Evangeline Greer Jones to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library 25 October, 1976."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","African American families","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","African American families","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"River View\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAs Hugh Carr was deprived of any formal education, he placed an emphasis on education for his daughters and son, all of whom went to school. Many of his children earned college degrees, becoming teachers and community leaders. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis oldest, Mary Louise Carr became principal of Albemarle Training School and was an influential educator in the local community. Later, she was honored for her commitment to education with the naming of Greer Elementary School after her. In 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: Ivy Creek Foundation, Accessed 1/27/2023 https://ivycreekfoundation.org/cultural-history \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["During the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"River View\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.","He and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. ","\nAs Hugh Carr was deprived of any formal education, he placed an emphasis on education for his daughters and son, all of whom went to school. Many of his children earned college degrees, becoming teachers and community leaders. ","His oldest, Mary Louise Carr became principal of Albemarle Training School and was an influential educator in the local community. Later, she was honored for her commitment to education with the naming of Greer Elementary School after her. In 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.","Following its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.","The Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. ","Sources: Ivy Creek Foundation, Accessed 1/27/2023 https://ivycreekfoundation.org/cultural-history "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Conservation"],"odd_tesim":["Some items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 10176, Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 10176, Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection MSS 10176 is related to the Ivy Creek Natural Area MSS 10770, about the history of River View farm and Hugh Carr family which is now the Ivy Creek Natural Area. MSS 10770 is a deposit. It also contains the history of Ivy Creek Natural Area and how it was purchased by the local government to preserve the land and history.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection MSS 10176 is related to the Ivy Creek Natural Area MSS 10770, about the history of River View farm and Hugh Carr family which is now the Ivy Creek Natural Area. MSS 10770 is a deposit. It also contains the history of Ivy Creek Natural Area and how it was purchased by the local government to preserve the land and history."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the history of Hugh Carr, an African American born in enslavement in 1843 and his family who lived on a tract of land (River View Farm) that Carr and his wife Texie Mae Hawkins bought in 1870 after emancipation. He became one of the largest African American landowners in Albemarle County, where he raised several generations of his family in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community, until his death in 1914.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers show that Carr highly valued education for his daughters as well as his son. His eldest daughter, Mary Louise Carr Greer became a well-known educator and principal of Albemarle Training School. Her family continued to live on the farm until 1978 when it became the Ivy Creek Natural Area with the support of the Nature Conservancy. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are documents, newspaper clippings, photographs pertaining to the history of this prominent African American family. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncluded is the original receipt for the purchase of land for the farm by Hugh Carr in 1870 in the amount of $100 and contracts for when Carr worked as a farm manager for Richard Wingfield and A. A. Southerland. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are legal and financial papers of Conly Greer (1883-1956) and correspondence of Mary Carr Greer and her husband, Conly Greer.  Included is a letter written for Hugh Carr giving Conly approval to marry his daughter. (Hugh Carr could not read and write but he would sign his name with an X). There is also correspondence of their daughter, Evangeline Greer Jones while courting her husband, Hinton C. Jones.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the history of Hugh Carr, an African American born in enslavement in 1843 and his family who lived on a tract of land (River View Farm) that Carr and his wife Texie Mae Hawkins bought in 1870 after emancipation. He became one of the largest African American landowners in Albemarle County, where he raised several generations of his family in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community, until his death in 1914.","The papers show that Carr highly valued education for his daughters as well as his son. His eldest daughter, Mary Louise Carr Greer became a well-known educator and principal of Albemarle Training School. Her family continued to live on the farm until 1978 when it became the Ivy Creek Natural Area with the support of the Nature Conservancy. ","There are documents, newspaper clippings, photographs pertaining to the history of this prominent African American family. ","Included is the original receipt for the purchase of land for the farm by Hugh Carr in 1870 in the amount of $100 and contracts for when Carr worked as a farm manager for Richard Wingfield and A. A. Southerland. ","There are legal and financial papers of Conly Greer (1883-1956) and correspondence of Mary Carr Greer and her husband, Conly Greer.  Included is a letter written for Hugh Carr giving Conly approval to marry his daughter. (Hugh Carr could not read and write but he would sign his name with an X). There is also correspondence of their daughter, Evangeline Greer Jones while courting her husband, Hinton C. Jones."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":29,"online_item_count_is":21,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:45:23.850Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1446","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1446","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1446","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1446","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1446.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/147972","title_filing_ssi":"Hugh Carr family and River View Farm ","title_ssm":["Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm"],"title_tesim":["Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm"],"unitdate_ssm":["1843-1978"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1843-1978"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 10176","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1446"],"text":["MSS 10176","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1446","Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm","Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century","Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","African American families","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County.","The collection is open for research use.","During the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"River View\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.","He and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. ","\nAs Hugh Carr was deprived of any formal education, he placed an emphasis on education for his daughters and son, all of whom went to school. Many of his children earned college degrees, becoming teachers and community leaders. ","His oldest, Mary Louise Carr became principal of Albemarle Training School and was an influential educator in the local community. Later, she was honored for her commitment to education with the naming of Greer Elementary School after her. In 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.","Following its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.","The Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. ","Sources: Ivy Creek Foundation, Accessed 1/27/2023 https://ivycreekfoundation.org/cultural-history ","Some items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling.","This collection MSS 10176 is related to the Ivy Creek Natural Area MSS 10770, about the history of River View farm and Hugh Carr family which is now the Ivy Creek Natural Area. MSS 10770 is a deposit. It also contains the history of Ivy Creek Natural Area and how it was purchased by the local government to preserve the land and history.","This collection consists of the history of Hugh Carr, an African American born in enslavement in 1843 and his family who lived on a tract of land (River View Farm) that Carr and his wife Texie Mae Hawkins bought in 1870 after emancipation. He became one of the largest African American landowners in Albemarle County, where he raised several generations of his family in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community, until his death in 1914.","The papers show that Carr highly valued education for his daughters as well as his son. His eldest daughter, Mary Louise Carr Greer became a well-known educator and principal of Albemarle Training School. Her family continued to live on the farm until 1978 when it became the Ivy Creek Natural Area with the support of the Nature Conservancy. ","There are documents, newspaper clippings, photographs pertaining to the history of this prominent African American family. ","Included is the original receipt for the purchase of land for the farm by Hugh Carr in 1870 in the amount of $100 and contracts for when Carr worked as a farm manager for Richard Wingfield and A. A. Southerland. ","There are legal and financial papers of Conly Greer (1883-1956) and correspondence of Mary Carr Greer and her husband, Conly Greer.  Included is a letter written for Hugh Carr giving Conly approval to marry his daughter. (Hugh Carr could not read and write but he would sign his name with an X). There is also correspondence of their daughter, Evangeline Greer Jones while courting her husband, Hinton C. Jones.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 10176","Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1446"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm"],"collection_title_tesim":["Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm"],"collection_ssim":["Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"geogname_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"places_ssim":["Charlottesville (Va.) -- History -- 19th Century"],"acqinfo_ssim":["MSS 10176,The Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm  was a gift from Evangeline Greer Jones to the Small Special Collections Library at the University of Virginia Library 25 October, 1976."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","African American families","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877)","African American families","Dwellings -- Virginia -- Albemarle County."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1 Cubic Feet"],"extent_tesim":["1 Cubic Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eDuring the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"River View\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHe and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAs Hugh Carr was deprived of any formal education, he placed an emphasis on education for his daughters and son, all of whom went to school. Many of his children earned college degrees, becoming teachers and community leaders. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHis oldest, Mary Louise Carr became principal of Albemarle Training School and was an influential educator in the local community. Later, she was honored for her commitment to education with the naming of Greer Elementary School after her. In 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFollowing its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources: Ivy Creek Foundation, Accessed 1/27/2023 https://ivycreekfoundation.org/cultural-history \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["During the Reconstruction period of Virginia history, Hugh Carr (1843-1914), who was formerly enslaved by Richard Wingfield, began the long process of purchasing various tracts of land that eventually made up the model farm along Ivy Creek known as \"River View\" in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community.","He and his wife, Texie Mae Hawkins,(1865-1899) raised seven children at River View Farm: Mary Louise Carr Greer, (1884-1973), Fannie Carr Washington (1887-?), Peachie Carr Jackson (1889-1977), Emma Clorinda Carr (1892-1974), Virginia Carr Brown (1893-1935), Ann Hazel Carr (1895-?), and one son Marshall Hubert Carr (1886-1916).The farm continued to grow and by 1890 it was over 125 acres making Carr among the largest African American landowner in Albemarle County. ","\nAs Hugh Carr was deprived of any formal education, he placed an emphasis on education for his daughters and son, all of whom went to school. Many of his children earned college degrees, becoming teachers and community leaders. ","His oldest, Mary Louise Carr became principal of Albemarle Training School and was an influential educator in the local community. Later, she was honored for her commitment to education with the naming of Greer Elementary School after her. In 1916, Mary Carr married Conly Greer, the first African American extension agent for Albemarle County and the last family member to farm at Riverview Farm. After his death in 1957, Mary Carr Greer continued to live there but the land was rented to local farmers to farm. When she died in 1973, she left the estate to her only child, Evangeline Greer Jones, who in turn sold it.","Following its sale, the farm was slated to become one of Charlottesville's newest subdivisions with a projected 200 homes. Elizabeth Conant, a biology teacher at the University of Virginia, realized that the land was ideal for a nature preserve. She contacted the Nature Conservancy who bought the farm and held it until the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were able to buy the land. The Ivy Creek Foundation was incorporated on May 23, 1979, and the future management of the land lies with them. Paul Saunier, former University of Virginia administrator, was the first president of the Foundation.","The Ivy Creek Natural Area, which currently borders the South Rivanna Reservoir of the City of Charlottesville and consists of 215 acres of forest, field, and stream, was formed from several tracts of land. These include the original tract from the Mary Carr Greer Estate of eighty acres in 1975, a thirty-eight-acre tract from the City of Charlottesville in 1979, the James Fleming tract of eighty-acres in 1981, the Flamenco tract of sixteen acres in 1981, and four tenths of an acre from Bedford Moore in 1981. The Greer property was named the Rann Preserve when purchased by the Nature Conservancy and was renamed the Ivy Creek Natural Area. The organizers of the Ivy Creek Natural Area recognized the history of the Carr family and worked to save and preserve the land as well as the family documents that were found in the farmhouse. ","Sources: Ivy Creek Foundation, Accessed 1/27/2023 https://ivycreekfoundation.org/cultural-history "],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSome items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Conservation"],"odd_tesim":["Some items in this collection sustained damage from pests and/or mold prior to coming to the Library. Preservation staff has frozen and stabilized the items to prevent further damage from pests or mold and cleaned the items to facilitate handling."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 10176, Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 10176, Hugh Carr family papers and River View Farm, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection MSS 10176 is related to the Ivy Creek Natural Area MSS 10770, about the history of River View farm and Hugh Carr family which is now the Ivy Creek Natural Area. MSS 10770 is a deposit. It also contains the history of Ivy Creek Natural Area and how it was purchased by the local government to preserve the land and history.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["This collection MSS 10176 is related to the Ivy Creek Natural Area MSS 10770, about the history of River View farm and Hugh Carr family which is now the Ivy Creek Natural Area. MSS 10770 is a deposit. It also contains the history of Ivy Creek Natural Area and how it was purchased by the local government to preserve the land and history."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the history of Hugh Carr, an African American born in enslavement in 1843 and his family who lived on a tract of land (River View Farm) that Carr and his wife Texie Mae Hawkins bought in 1870 after emancipation. He became one of the largest African American landowners in Albemarle County, where he raised several generations of his family in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community, until his death in 1914.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe papers show that Carr highly valued education for his daughters as well as his son. His eldest daughter, Mary Louise Carr Greer became a well-known educator and principal of Albemarle Training School. Her family continued to live on the farm until 1978 when it became the Ivy Creek Natural Area with the support of the Nature Conservancy. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are documents, newspaper clippings, photographs pertaining to the history of this prominent African American family. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIncluded is the original receipt for the purchase of land for the farm by Hugh Carr in 1870 in the amount of $100 and contracts for when Carr worked as a farm manager for Richard Wingfield and A. A. Southerland. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere are legal and financial papers of Conly Greer (1883-1956) and correspondence of Mary Carr Greer and her husband, Conly Greer.  Included is a letter written for Hugh Carr giving Conly approval to marry his daughter. (Hugh Carr could not read and write but he would sign his name with an X). There is also correspondence of their daughter, Evangeline Greer Jones while courting her husband, Hinton C. Jones.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the history of Hugh Carr, an African American born in enslavement in 1843 and his family who lived on a tract of land (River View Farm) that Carr and his wife Texie Mae Hawkins bought in 1870 after emancipation. He became one of the largest African American landowners in Albemarle County, where he raised several generations of his family in the Union Ridge Hydraulic Mills community, until his death in 1914.","The papers show that Carr highly valued education for his daughters as well as his son. His eldest daughter, Mary Louise Carr Greer became a well-known educator and principal of Albemarle Training School. Her family continued to live on the farm until 1978 when it became the Ivy Creek Natural Area with the support of the Nature Conservancy. ","There are documents, newspaper clippings, photographs pertaining to the history of this prominent African American family. ","Included is the original receipt for the purchase of land for the farm by Hugh Carr in 1870 in the amount of $100 and contracts for when Carr worked as a farm manager for Richard Wingfield and A. A. Southerland. ","There are legal and financial papers of Conly Greer (1883-1956) and correspondence of Mary Carr Greer and her husband, Conly Greer.  Included is a letter written for Hugh Carr giving Conly approval to marry his daughter. (Hugh Carr could not read and write but he would sign his name with an X). There is also correspondence of their daughter, Evangeline Greer Jones while courting her husband, Hinton C. Jones."],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":29,"online_item_count_is":21,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-20T23:45:23.850Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1446"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of this collection is made up of letters from Jane Charlotte Washington to her son, John Augustine Washington III. Also included are letters to Eleanor Love Selden Washington, a few letters to or from John Augustine Washington III to various individuals, several letters from George Mason of Hollin Hall (1797-1870) to John Augustine Washington III, letters by Lackland and Alexander family members (relatives of the Washingtons) and three receipts. The subject matter of most letters is family or personal affairs and Mount Vernon business with some discussion of the enslaved people owned by the Washingtons. Inclusive dates are 1837 to 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_76.xml","title_ssm":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1837-1861"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1837-1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2019.SC.035","/repositories/3/resources/76"],"text":["2019.SC.035","/repositories/3/resources/76","Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Arranged chronologically with undated material at the end of the collection.","Jane Charlotte Blackburn was born on August 23, 1786 at Rippon Lodge, Prince William, Virginia to Major Richard Scott Blackburn and Judith Blackburn. She married John Augustine Washington II and had five children, three of whom lived to adulthood – Anna Maria Thomasina Washington Alexander, John Augustine Washington III, and Richard Scott Blackburn Thomas. The couple lived at Blakely plantation near Charles Town, West Virginia, until the death of Bushrod Washington in 1829, who left the property of Mount Vernon to John Augustine Washington II in his will. When her husband died in 1832, Jane Charlotte Washington inherited Mount Vernon and vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability. She insisted her oldest son, John Augustine Washington III, attend college to better prepare him to someday manage the family's properties. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and a year later began overseeing all business at Mount Vernon for his mother. Jane Charlotte Washington died in 1855 and is buried at Mount Vernon with her husband.","John Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861.","John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers\nJohn Augustine Washington III and MVLA Collection\nLawrence Washington Collection of Washington family papers\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection","The bulk of this collection is made up of letters from Jane Charlotte Washington to her son, John Augustine Washington III. Also included are letters to Eleanor Love Selden Washington, a few letters to or from John Augustine Washington III to various individuals, several letters from George Mason of Hollin Hall (1797-1870) to John Augustine Washington III, letters by Lackland and Alexander family members (relatives of the Washingtons) and three receipts. The subject matter of most letters is family or personal affairs and Mount Vernon business with some discussion of the enslaved people owned by the Washingtons. Inclusive dates are 1837 to 1861.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. Tells him of four family members with consumption. Also \"have no servant to dispose of who would suit her sister, unless Milly would be willing for one of her three elder daughters to go. It would be a sure and good home I believe.\" Discusses sale of corn crop and other family news. Mentions repairs being made by Mr. Skidmore at Mt. Vernon. We have two other letters dated 1837 November 23 and 1838 November 1 mentioning repairs made by Jesse Skidmore. In 1839 July 27, Lawrence Lewis paid Skidmore for work done on the new tomb at Mount Vernon.","A.L.S. She is enclosing another $10 note requesting it get charged and sent to her by him.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is unable to join him at Mount Vernon as her business would not fare well. Is sending a horse down as he is better fitted for the saddle than harness. Writes about sending him to Mount Vernon to \"relieve Maj. Lewis,\" who is working with Struthers and Strickland to build the new tomb. Writes of her \"deep veneration and gratitude to the memory of Genl Washington.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Upon her return home, she found things had not been taken care of on her farm. A fodder house for the cattle was not placed correctly at all. She encouraged her son to get a good education at Mr. Hallowell's school in Alexandria.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to inquire about an appointment for Lawrence Washington who needs employment. Inquires about his studies and the repairs on the \"old mansion.\" Gives some family news and wants him to call on Mary and Julia.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Reports on crop yields. Says there \"have been some difficulties between the overseer and the Negroes\" on the Mountain. Tells him of the impending purchase of a pair of draft horses. Talks of sending Willoughby and Gabriel to Mount Vernon, as well as Henry and Dolly. (This is likely Gabriel Johnson, about whom we have at least nine other letters in the collection.) Mentions letting his cousin have Jesse at \"whatever you think a reasonable price.\" Reports pork prices are down and is worried about the expenses of repairs to Mount Vernon. Was sorry to \"learn by a letter from West that our crop of corn at Mount Vernon has turned out so badly.\" Might need to employ West for another year. More family news and greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear of his illness and tells him to leave Mount Vernon in the hands of hirelings and not endanger his health further by riding there. Refers to reading about \"Mr. Calhoun's and Mr. Clay's conversations in the Senate on Mr. Calhoun's resolutions respecting abolition petitions.\" Much difficulty regarding Jessy – Cousin Jane has abandoned all idea of purchasing her.","A.L.S. with additional writing by Jane C. Washington. Blakeley. Tells of new animals being born, his schooling, and family news. Jane adds: glad to hear his schooling is going well. Asks if he participated in the February 22 celebration. Is sorry he gave up Greek. Wants him to send her a translation from Latin or French. Orders shoes to be made for Kitty.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She returned home safely and passes along some family news. Harvest had not been started, but since she returned they have begun on the wheat. Much gets lost by \"having inefficient hands as rakers,\" so she requests him to send Willoughby and Gabriel up immediately. \"Labourers cannot be procured, and wages are higher than ever before known to be.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes he will get to enjoy his job at the Library of the House of Representatives. Thinks it will be good for his future. She is unwell at present. Reports on Dr. Gates who is also not doing well.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is troubled about getting Richard to be an \"irregular Cadet\" or maybe to West Point. Reports on the death of Dr. Yates. Gives various instructions and requests.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes the water at White Sulphur Spring will prove beneficial. Describes a sermon on Communion Sunday and hopes he's hearing as good as that. Had a disappointing wheat crop. Contracted with Ford and Snyder for the crop. Gabriel is still there, with JAW's permission. Additional page from Aunt Judy Alexander, hoping he meets some young ladies.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to rent the Prospect Hill fields for three years to Mr. Anderson. George carried wheat and oats to him, as well as other items. Poor Tansel wants a place with him. He'll make rakes and \"I know he makes excellent shoes.\" Sends greetings to family.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants Maria and Augustine to return to Blakeley as both are sick. Is disturbed that cousin Jane means to keep Betty for the next year, despite knowing of the intention to send her to Mount Vernon. \"Shall I send Hannah or Sally down, or contend for Betty?\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She relates the difficult journey of his sister to Blakeley. Is glad he is feeling better. Writes about selling enslaved people: \"I am sorry to tell you Milly I understand is unfit for hire, and we shall be obliged to keep her at home. Mr. Rutherford… will take Sally. She is said to be a first rate manager, a strict tho kind mistress. She is to give $35. Hannah I have as yet had no offer for. Closely confined at home without a way of getting out, I have not had it in my power to look out places for our hirelings and do not like to offer them at public hire.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Glad he got rid of his chills. The horse cart is so much in use it cannot be sent down to Mount Vernon. Will send George, Edmund, and Betty to him. Still been unable to get a place for Hannah whose character does not stand well as to docility or usefulness. More instructions as to how to deal with various servants.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. \"Dr. A. has determined to keep the servants. I hope they will continue faithful and useful to him. Willoughby is a grumbler, but I am sure he has no just cause of complaint. Dr. A is a human and liberal master. I think you give a high price for your wagoner. Negroes have generally hired lower than usual this year. Hannah is at present laid up, sd. I not be able to get a good and safe place for her, I will send her down by the first safe opportunity.\" \"Remember me most kindly to all our Mount Vernon household – dear Old Jenny especially and West Ford.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She's so happy to hear from Dr. A that his health is much improved. Discusses financial difficulties. \"We must all practice strict economy.\" Sends family news.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia. Discusses the current low price for wood and Dr. Alexander and his travels. Regrets the failure of Ford and Snyder. Wants her to settle for Hannah's support as West thinks that she has not been given anything to eat. Also wants to remind Dick of a pair of boots for Mr. Morgan. Phil and Jesse have been sick for some time.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes his health improves. Discusses disorder on banks, making business difficult. Is sorry this happened at the beginning of his life in business but hopes it will teach him. Tells of harvests and yields and gives some family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She's so glad he has recovered his health. Will be able to get clover seed shortly. Wants to plant the 90 acre field with oats. Sends greetings to Cary. Was able to hire Hannah out until Christmas.","A.L.S. Blakeley. George is off to Mount Vernon with a wagon full of goods. Requests various items to be brought back by him. Hopes his health remains good. His sister wishes to have Caroline whom she has hired brought down to Mount Vernon. She might come up with George. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny – West's servant at Mount Vernon.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Sending this via Mr. Lamar requesting additional things for George to bring back. Describes a sermon given by Mr. Jones the previous Sunday. Hopes he will have \"our old establishment very clean white washed if not painted a little.\" Richard is not well but hopes he will join her when she goes down for a few days.","A.L.S. He is mortified that JAW might have been offended at not having received an invitation to dine with him, which was sent with a \"silly servant.\" He always values having his company and sends him some rhubarb with instructions as to its preparation.","A.L.S. Blakeley. George arrived safely yesterday afternoon. Disappointed various items from Mr. Hooff were not sent but instead sent via canal. Discusses prices of some items. Thanks him for fruit sent. Tells him to do what he thinks best with the greenhouse.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is anxiously awaiting the arrival of his hands from Mount Vernon as George Saunders Ned and Lewis are all laid up. Marie and Mary Jane are incapable of working out. Harvest has commenced. Wants him to send a barrel of white sand for plastering the pillars in the brick portico. Hopes he will come soon. Sends family greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She had a good journey home with pleasant visits with friends on the way. \"You have a partial friend in Mr. S. altho' I think he would be pleased if you did not speak quite so loud.\" Richard says a man wants to rent the P.H. Farm but is unwilling to pay the terms requested. Describes two sermons she heard. Wants him to look in the study for letters which Uncle Bushrod says must be there.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Writes with suggestions for the furniture and carpet at Mount Vernon. She specifically mentions the \"little drawing room,\" \"parlor,\" \"front passage,\" \"little room,\" and \"old dining room.\" Fears she shall be left more largely in debt than ever yet been. A Dutch farmer wants to rent P. Hole farm.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Gives some financial information. \"If the work is all finished at Mount Vernon both Harry and Fanny had better come but if there is still any thing for Fanny to do, she can remain.\" Requests items to be brought up, including lemons and oranges. Family news, including that Uncle Bushrod remains confined to his couch.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not heard from him. Ordered various building supplies. Financial times are very difficult and strict economy is necessary. Will send him some of her horses until his can be matched. Since Mary Jane is sick, Fanny should return to care for her. \"Remember me most kindly to my Old Jenny and West.\"","A.L.S. Walnut Farm to Mount Vernon. She returned home on Saturday and deplored the roads in Harpers Ferry. \"It seems Mr. John Selden is anxious to purchase Harriet. She was appraised at $400 with her child. She is said to be an excellent servant, and if you can get her in place of Hannah, Julia, or Sally, I think you had better do so. Julia is now at Blakely, having laid up and then come off without Lake's permission… Dr. Cordell has been called out to see her twice and from his prescription I rather suppose thinks very little except hysteria ails her.\" Discusses crops and a sermon and sends family greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not been feeling well at all lately. Has heard from Cousin Lorenzo Lewis that Augustine looks very well. She would have liked to have heard that from him or his wife. \"The servants are becoming more and more worthless and disobedient. I really find it very difficult to govern them, or to have the most necessary domestic work attended to with any regularity.\" Family news. Wants him to send Harry up before harvest.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She's glad to hear that he and Nelly are doing so well. Much family news. \"Remember me very kindly to my good and faithful Jenny and Harry, also West and Eliza.\"","A.L.S. Bath to Blakeley. She is in Bath for the waters. It is very crowded, and all the houses are full. Heard two good sermons but then was ill again.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  She is concerned about poor Jenny and hopes the operation will give her a better chance of recovery. Many family members are ill. Another description of a sermon she heard.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She tells of travel difficulties. Relates some gossip. Made a deal for some provisions, but nothing has been delivered. She advanced the man $150. Family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lots of news about family and friends. Also mentions Hannah and Rebecca being still invalids and that Thomas has again gone to Maryland. \"The boys have bought a wagon and two or three servants.\"","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. She wants to know if certain lawyers are in Alexandria or Washington. Also wishes to subscribe to the Audubon works and asks him to see to that.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been anxious at not hearing from him. Wants him to send the rent check for $500 as soon as possible. Wants him to send the fish via the Misses Moore's boats on the canal. Mentions the subject of Julia's purchase. Family and friend news. Additional page following receipt of his letter. Sorry the fishery has been unsuccessful. Due to drought the strawberries gave poor yield.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She received the check from him. His carpenter is unwilling to go to Mount Vernon before late next autumn due to the climate there. Has tried to find out why the fish and shingles he was to send have not been found on the wharves for the Misses Moore's boats to bring.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. Deals with settling the estate of Mr. Selden. Discusses his purchase of Mary, an enslaved woman who seems to be quite ill and therefore not worth more than $50 or $60. His wife does not want her sold away. Also wants to sell the corn crop at Exeter.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is glad he was able to go to Philadelphia. Mentions the death of the wife of Lewis Washington. His sister was with her at her death, and Jane was there through the funeral. Is anxious about Charles' daughter Catherine who was sent via stage to Mrs. Page who did not want her after all and seems unwilling to pay the stage driver for her passage. Discusses the hiring of a German gardener for Mount Vernon. Wants him to send a shoe she left at Mount Vernon and a quantity of cotton.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is busy with pork business and will send two barrels of hams and one of lard. Complains about his brother and his wife coming without replying to her as to when they would arrive. Says her health is very infirm.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the articles send, including oysters and ducks. Discusses sale of corn and is keeping some back to get a better price in the spring. Gives family news and that Captain Symington \"is stationed at H.F. where the government intends having erected barracks for him.\" Discusses the benefits of religion. Wants him to give a \"piece of old bacon/shoulders to West, Jenny and Phill.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lengthy discussion of the purchase of a house by Dr. Alexander and his sister. The finances of this are described.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is \"sorry to hear of the disturbances among the negroes, especially poor Alfred. I think you had better sell him. Perhaps you might do it advantageously to some one in Richmond, who wants a capable and trustworthy servant. I am told Jim is very much distressed at parting with his son. If the purchaser of Alfred is willing to take Jim and he wishes to go, I have no objection to it.\" Discusses various crop prices. Reports the death of one child from scarlet fever and how it sickens many in Charleston.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Discusses a few financial matters. \"Hannah was sick \u0026 soon gave birth to a still born infant a boy. It was a mercy the event occurred for decomposition had commenced.\" People are still getting sick with scarlet fever.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes the symptoms and illness with scarlet fever of Julia. She will be unable to attend Jane Davis's wedding. \"I have been in a most unsettled state for a long time. It seems difficult to get my family matters and business settled into any regular method again.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Julia Alexander died from scarlet fever. Others are also ill. She will not come to Mount Vernon for fear of bringing the disease with her and wants him to collect rents due her and pay various bills from that and send the rest to her.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discussion of finances and sale of stock. Gives medical advice to him for various people. Tells of recent election – not more than half of either party voted. Uncle Bushrod is going to Maryland to attend a meeting of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has \"the severest attack of Influenza I have had for two years.\" Kitty has discarded Lt. Hooe due to his poor conduct. Describes drought conditions badly affecting crops.","A.L.S. Draft copy. Mount Vernon. Refuses permission to bring a party of military people to Mount Vernon by water. Does not want boats to dock there, but will allow them to enter if they arrive by land.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had much sickness. \"Thompson, Jerry and Mingo laid up; in consequence of which George is driving the wagon… Am now endeavoring to save what apples remain on the trees and prepare winter clothing for the servants.\" Wants him to come visit.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had an unusual degree of sickness. \"Poor old Mingo is thought to be dying!... Berkeley, Jerry, and Thompson are still on the sick list.\" Tells of death of a neighbor who shot himself by accident as he was mounting his horse. Is unable to bring the wheat to the mill as the mill was \"dangerously full.\" Describes a difficult journey by his aunt. At end \"Mingo is Dead.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She was still too ill at Christmas to visit others. \"We have still four or five cases of typhoid fever at the quarters. Charlotte among them she is still very sick. The Dr. hopes a favourable change has taken place in Selina, Saul and Jerry. Mary came out today. I have taken Sophy home and hope to be able to get on with her under Fanny's superintendance.\" Other descriptions of moving enslaved people around. Relates episode of Julia having escaped from Cousin H. and coming to her.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him Col. and Mrs. Davenport intend to visit him at Mount Vernon. Wants them to entertain them well. Discusses politics – \"the great question of Annexation.\" Mr. Rivers' speech was a great production. \"He feels as we do, the waning power of our once great \u0026 noble state.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She returned from a ride feeling quite well again. Describes a beautiful snowfall. \"I am sorry to hear you have still sickness among your servants. It is also the case here, new cases constantly occuring. The Dr. has been a daily visiter with the exception of two or three days. Milly's youngest child is now ill.\" Describes the death of his cousin. Other family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes her journey home from Mount Vernon, visiting friends on the way. \"Richard … is going Missouri and wishes to purchase Negroes to take with him. He has yet made no offer for Caroline, tho' we understand he wishes to get her. She I am told is averse to going.\" Describes a sermon and exhorts him to read the Bible. Family information. \"Excuse this blotted ill written scrawl. Read and burn it.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses the naming of his new baby girl. Nelly wanted to name her after Jane, but she thought she should be named after Nelly's recently deceased grandmother. Tells of financial difficulties of Dr. A. and the prices of crops. After her signature – \"Destroy this letter.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Writes to discuss ways to assist Dr. A. \"out of his present difficulties.\" Wants him to come visit soon with the family.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses a large christenings in church. Relates tale of two men who recently died from intemperance. Also tells plans for an upcoming wedding and where various guests will stay.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has yet to hear back from him in answer to her letter about Dr. A. Tells him of what she wants to do for him. Gives instructions as to how he should travel to visit her with the family.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants to send George with the carriage to bring her and the children. Describes dancing by various people. Wants to receive some financial records.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him of money placed in bank \"for servants sold… (Humphrey, Shedrack, Thompson, Caroline, Little Daniel, Margaret, and John).\" \"I am not well and feel a good deal agitated at the sale tho' I believe it will be better for all concerned but it is distressing to break up families by sales.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sending notes to him and hopes he will return as soon as he arranges this business. Nelly and the girls are well, though Lou has still a cough.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Misses the family and tells of items that were left during their last visit. Much rain has kept her from church. Maria sent jars of quince jelly for her. Gives family news and describes some roses. Sends message to Augustine \"to write to his old and now very unimportant mother.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes family members' travels. Not a good wheat crop. Discusses the estate of Mr. Foote and how it treats his wife. Talks about the American B.S. and its efforts to bring the Bible to 10,000 families who have none. Asks him to pay some bills for her.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on getting much ice stored in his ice house as \"it is a luxury, essential to health, and economy in domestic management.\" \"I believe slaves will become less and less valuable; and unless we keep them in the hope of being able to liberate and provide for them: for pecuniary interest, it is best to own, only as many as are necessary for the ordinary work of our farms.\" Many hams were spoilt, so they cannot offer any.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Much sickness in the early spring of cholera. Many people unable to work – Old Jenny, Maria and Dick, Lewis and George obliged to plough. Her cook Eliza has a crippled sore arm. Sophy, Joe, and Little Tom have been helping with many guests. Much discussion of weather.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Tells of various charges Richard made on his behalf. The weather has badly affected the crops. Wants to travel to Chicago in the summer. \"Richard has purchased West's little farm… West intends going West.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear about his return of chills. Their diet has been quite poor with a lack of vegetables and fresh meat. Thanks him for the check he sent, but he forgot to sign it. Describes another sermon. Requests him to send cypress shingles as soon as possible as the house leaks when it rains.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County. Discusses failure to purchase mules at auction. He is unable to procure the peaches she wanted in Alexandria as many fruits have already fallen off the trees. West Ford said they needed some double shovel ploughs to put in the wheat.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Baltimore. She is sorry to hear of Lou's \"hooping cough.\" Other family news. Long description of Mr. Tacker and his vision of his impending death. Is sorry that Augustine is alone at Mount Vernon with the servants who have been \"a source of disquiet and distress to him.\"","Summerville, Gloucester County, Virginia to Alexandria. Tells him of a property coming for sale in the area. Also wants to make bricks and needs a \"responsible white man to superintend.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on the birth of another daughter. Gives news of Richard.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Nelly is recovering from childbirth, and the baby thrives. Nelly wishes him to remind Miss Entwisle about the dresses.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Gives prices of bushels of wheat from Mr. Burns and Mr. Snyder.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a wedding and the young guests at the dinner. Discusses an Irishman who came to sell her tablecloths which she did not want. Letter was written over several days. She really misses the family.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Won't give him the family news as she just passed that along to Nelly in a very recent letter. Thanks him for paying her bills. Discusses rental of the Ferry Landing fisheries and wants to rent to Mr. Whitall. Will let him decide whether to increase the fisheries.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Entreats him to take it easy in the winter. They have had much snow. Uncle Bushrod has much ice stored away and offered some to her as her pond had a defect which caused it to drain. Discusses finances. He may rent out North Farm. \"I fear however you will have many difficulties and vexations if you let the servants go with the farm.\" Tells of his sister having a tumour under her arm. Also their church burned. Tells him of the death of her true friend Mrs. Adams.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes different people reading the will. Hopes his brother and family reached Mount Vernon safely. \"I think if the ladies attend the Inauguration of our brave honest chief, they had better join Mrs. Madison – who I am sure would be gratified at their so doing, and render their visit much more agreeable.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has been anxiously awaiting a reply from him to her letter of a month ago. Wants to know when the monuments would be brought to Mount Vernon and the sum of money to be obtained. Is sending George with barrels containing hams and some apples. Wants him to return with the horses only, leaving the carriage. There was a fire at Hannah's house which was extinguished.","A.L.S. Gives much family news. Discusses lower prices for wheat and increasing the salary of the woman who must cook for Mr. Graham and all who are on the farm. Wants his help hiring a new overseer.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is waiting to hear from him as to the overseer and waiting to see if Mr. Graham will accept the terms offered. \"Richard intends hiring out the hands he employed on the farm hoping to derive more clear profit from the Hires than he has received from the farm.\" Questions whether she should do anything about the deed for Mount Vernon drawn up. His sister Maria continues to look quite ill.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Snyder has delivered in mill his rent wheat. Writes that she is sending the deed to Mount Vernon, which has officially been signed over to him. Discusses an interesting trial in Charlestown. \"A Negro hired by Anderson … made an assault on Anderson for which he was committed and is today to be tried. The gentlemen all seemed to consider the issue of high importance. It certainly is to the miserable prisoner whose fate will be selling, transportation, or Death! I trust the decision will be merciful.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Writes about acquiring copies of the free papers for a formerly enslaved man named William Lyons. He is hoping to travel to Tennessee to visit his parents. Tells him his sister continues to do poorly.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Relates the sending of the deed conveying Mount Vernon to him. Is preparing to have Maria come stay for a while.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Maria has been there for a week and continues to be very ill. Tells him his tenants have not honoured his orders. More family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Discusses difficulties with the harvest and procuring labourers. Dr. Alexander hired a tutor for Charlotte who is very well thought of. More neighborhood and family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Nelly will soon be able to travel and recommends she drink a tea (\"it can no doubt be had at Stablers\") as the best remedy in her case. \"The servants … are very much alarmed in regard to cholera.\" Wants him to get some good port and M. Wine. She can get good whiskey in C-town.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is very glad of the dividend declared by the Alexandria Bank. They have had severe colds but not cholera.","A.L.S. Caledon to Mount Vernon. Writing from Caledon and describes journey there. Their trunk did not arrive with them, so they have no change of clothes. Tells stories from the boat trip.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Much family news. Tells him a cousin died shortly after their visit. Richard \"seems to be a very happy man, he surely is blest in his wife \u0026 eight children.\" Dr. A has acquired an excellent housekeeper.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of Annie ill with scarlet fever and how the doctor has her rubbed with a piece of raw fat bacon. Is now much improved. Was in care of Miss Gantt, the housekeeper, whom she praises highly. Wishes she could have heard Miss Lind sing at Mount Vernon. Describes a sermon. More news about friends and relatives.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes the symptoms of \"our dear little John\" and is sure something is wrong with his spine. Tells of the route of the turnpike and how it will cut off some of his woodland. Much news about family and acquaintances. Is very pleased with \"our young minister\" and hopes his teachings will help everyone.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Top portion of first page cut away, incomplete letter. Wants him to see the plans for the turnpike as it might cut through his land. Mrs. Briscoe's son would like to visit Mount Vernon and will bring any letter or package there.","A.L.S. Blakeley. More on the Turnpike passing through his farm. Entreats him to not bring forward tempting articles which are stimulating and exciting during his brother's visit. She is unable to visit due to pressing business.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Met Dr. Alexander and family before church and invited them to dinner. Encloses a letter from Mrs. Moran who would like to stay at Mount Vernon on her way to visit Jane. Is sending George with fish to be pickled. Sends remembrances to \"your maids Sarah, Eliza, Fanny and Amanda.\"","A.L.S. Thanks him for the fish and oysters sent by wagon. George did not properly stack items on the wagon, and much was damaged. The prayer book for Louisa has finally arrived and will be sent as soon as possible.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses difficulties of Mr. Whitall and the fishery. Hopes to collect from Snyder and will send it to him. News about friends and family. Finished planting corn. Had snow recently.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him she got $200 from Mr. Rutherford which will be deposited in a bank in Charlestown. He informed them that the roof of the barn is in need of repair. Gives family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants Nelly and the children to visit after harvest and will send George with the carriage to get them. Hopes Augustine will be friends with Mr. Moran. Has been sick and taken \"an unusual quantity of opium for me.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is glad his servants have recovered and \"that you … have not suffered from your humane and close attendance on them.\" Was sorry to hear that Ephraim had fallen a victim. Tells him of a good friend who seems to be recovering. Gives a recipe for a remedy. Talks about the harvest and the various servants who are working on it. Is considering renting out her farm though she would retain part. Tells of Hannah's health.","A.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Urges her not to think too much of home and to apply herself to her books and music. Gives family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is happy to hear they are all healthy. Relates family news and gives him business advice. Describes hearing a musician. Discusses Mr. Rutherford and his acquiring bone dust to use as fertilizer.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was so sorry to learn of the disaster that occurred to the vessel that was taking his wheat to market. Describes her journey home. At end, thanks him for the venison.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is so sorry about his heavy loss and prays that God will help him through it. More family news about various people being ill.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a sermon on intemperance. Discusses health problems of John and hopes he will improve when the weather gets better. Much family news.","A.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Tells her that her last two letters appear to have been robbed. Gives news about her mother, grandmother, and sister.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Hopes Augustine is recovering. Much sickness in her house. Sent a new plough to Augustine. Hopes it arrives in time. Other family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a visit from Mrs. Powel and various other family members. Wants part of the rent on the fishery to go toward the purchase of a piano for Louisa and the rest sent to her to pay off some debts. Sends love to all and reports on a few deaths.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to the visit from him and his family in July. Describes harvesting of wheat and rye after much rain. Both had much desired Mr. Fillmore's election to the presidency. Wants Noblet to return from California.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is enclosing some stock certificates to Mr. Eaches to be her attorney. Glad Nelly and the children are safely home. Tells of the loss of Richard and Christian's children.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to Augustine's visit. Invited Kitty to spend the winter with her, but she will go elsewhere. News about various acquaintances. The disagreeable pork business is done, and she is sending three barrels of pippins via boat.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Thanks him for the $200 check which enabled her to pay her tax bill. Is again concerned about Noblet. Tells of Kitty Wright's trip to Winchester where her companion became ill with typhoid fever. Kitty \"is now with us, with three lovely children, and a good coloured girl (a slave) the one whom she hired.\" All her friends send their love.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. \"Gabriel has sent in to say he wishes to set off tomorrow on his return home.\" Tells of much family with her at Christmas time.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been awaiting his visit and wonders about the cause of the delay. Still no news about Noblet. Tells of returning Annie Burnett home after she came into Richard's pew in church and wanted to come home with her. The next day she returned home.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Put $600 in bank to his credit. Kitty and her three children left with Sophy replacing the other nurse who has been ill for the children","A.L.S. Blakeley. There is much whooping cough going around with so far one death. The weather is very fine, and there are many flowers. Glad to hear the fisheries are doing well. Describes her visit to Walnut Farm and the people she saw while there. Asks if he has seen the Masonic oration on the \"centennial commemoration of the initiation of George Washington into the order of free Masons.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear about the hail storm they had. Celebrated Hannah's birthday. Will send this letter with William Lyons who is leaving to see Augustine. Other family and friend news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is so glad Eliza is recovered. So sad about the death of Dr. Powel. More news about impending visits. General Duvall will be in Washington soon and would like to see Augustine so he could become \"acquainted with many of the influential members from the South \u0026 West, with whom he wishes you to become acquainted in case you still determine on disposing of M.V.\"","A.L.S. \tBlakeley. Wants either a visit from them or for her to visit them before winter sets in. She had quite a pleasant visit to New York and Philadelphia. Tells him of climbing 180 steps of the Washington Monument in Baltimore and having a beautiful view. Glad they have obtained a governess for the girls.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is sorry Nelly is sick but will be unable to come down until after Christmas. Has several articles brought from N.Y. for \"my deal g.children at M.V.\"","A.L.S. Tells him of a deposit in bank for his use. Grieved to learn Eliza continues in feeble health. Visited Walnut Farm and heard from Dr. Alexander that \"the financial affairs of our church are in a very confused \u0026 entangled state.\" Looking forward to her trip to New York.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Paid $200 on stock note at bank. Is anxious about his brother determining to go to Housekeeping \u0026 renting Col. Devenport's House. He will still be at Blakeley every day. She has been suffering from dyspepsia. Glad to hear the governess gives satisfaction. Reference to Miss Nancy at Walnut Farm, who \"is not only a good house keeper but also understands gardening.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him Mr. and Mrs. Depau intend visiting Mount Vernon, along with their son. Richard and family left for their new home and are much missed. She feels quite anxious to see her \"dear children at M.V. especially my grandson whose name I am as yet unacquainted with.\" Says two of our Cedar lawn cousins are to be married. \"The servants have been divided \u0026 the Cedar Lawn will be sold.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Sympathizes with the delayed visit due to the sickness of the family \"and death of your valuable and good young servant Dennis. It is a severe affliction to his poor mother. He was I think her youngest child.\" Is most anxious to see her grandson Lawrence. Had a visit from his brother and Christian and their son John. Went by invitation to Mr. Lovel's school where pupils delivered speeches and addresses. Wants the family to visit and will have rooms fixed up for them. Sends \"kind regards to your good \u0026 faithful servant Eliza, Danny \u0026 Sarah.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to a shipment of \"Nellies Pickled Rockfish\" to share with neighbours \u0026 friends. Discusses planting of crops. Will visit him and his family \"this day week,\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes her trip back home from Mount Vernon. Everyone is harvesting but having difficulty obtaining sufficient hands for the task.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of the sudden death of Mrs. Selden and the funeral. Mentions harvests and addition to his house Dr. A. is doing. Wants to see him and the family. Mr. Rutherford wishes to renew his lease on the farm.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Maria's arm heals well and that he received the two barrels of oats she sent. Gives news about family. Tells of \"our beloved Charlotte\" taking communion and becoming a member of the church.","A.L.S. Blakeley.  She is so sorry that Richard is ill but glad that Augustine is with him. Tells of George's illness. Gives more family news and hopes to see the family soon.","A.L.S. Requests he send him the cantaloupe seeds he talked about. Wants to talk about a system of patrols \"to try \u0026 keep our slaves at home.\" Says the slaves are stealing so much from them and taking it to Alexandria. Says everyone in the neighborhood of slave holders could contribute to hire 6 good men to patrol.","A.L.S. New Charlestown to Richmond. Sends family news and gives advice as to her traveling home. Tells of someone about to die, and that Fanny Griggs' school is broken up.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Laments that it has been so long since she heard from him or his family and wonders when they will come to visit. Gives news about local people. Tells of the wonderful addition that Dr. A. put on his house.","A.L.S. \tBlakeley to Mount Vernon. Had a tooth extracted. News of friends and neighbors. Has had influenza for 10 days.","A.L.S. White House. Gives his legal opinion as to a dispute among them. First the fact that the seine was not received by Mr. Washington at the appointed time, necessitating many difficulties. Second, the Hoopers did not receive the required loom but are entitled to some compensation for work done. His judgment is for $275 for Mr. Washington.","A.L.S. Hampstead, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses her love of gardening and the recent harvest. Says she likes the new teacher at a neighbor's house \"but she looks consumptive.\" Describes a monument to two boys.","A.D.S. Fairfax County. Indicates full payment of judgment from JAW to William Mason.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses the route of the turnpike and that it should go through Mr. E's land. It would split it up, and so Mason wants to offer other alternatives. Much of the land is prone to flooding and marshy. It would be very expensive to put the road through that.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses his written ordinance about how to deal with people coming onto unenclosed land and hunting or fishing. Talks of a particular problem with land along waterways. Wants JAW to write to lawmakers and make this happen.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Before the Legislature meets, he encloses a proposed measure to be enacted. Discusses counties to be included – all along the Potomac and Rappahanoc.","A.L.S. Rose Hill. Discusses the hiring of an African American boy to do odd jobs and will pay $15.","A.L.S. Discusses the sending of clover seed. Had a problem with old Henry who emptied some tailings for the hens near the clover, mixing some up. \"I think I never was more vexed with any human being in all my life.\"","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Mason writes describing an incident he had with West Ford on his plantation. This remarkable letter highlights the way Ford, despite being a free man, was still treated like a slave by others: \"On the evening of the Monday after Whitsunday, I was about sunset standing at my stable, giving some orders for the morning's work, when there passed within three or four yards of me a Negro man, who I did not know, without touching his hat, or any other recognition of my presence. After he had passed, I called to him asking who he was, and who did he belong to? He walked on, taking no notice, until I repeated the question, when he said 'Washington.' I then said, I suppose you have a name, and can tell me what Mr. Washington you belong to? He replied, 'West Ford.' His manner was insolent and supposing he was drunk, I said to him, there is the road to the gate, go off my place at once… When he got to the corner of the house, he commenced whooping and continued doing so, till he got out of the gate, which I had to send and have closed after him. I said nothing further to him, as he was obviously drunk; but directed one of my servants to go and tell him never to put his foot on the place again… Had he been anyone's servant but yours, I shd. have immediately had him apprehended and flogged for his impertinence; but satisfied that it could only be necessary to report the facts to you, and that you would take measures to prevent his ever coming here again, or repeating it, I have taken no further steps in the matter.\"","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear that JAW is no longer a magistrate of the county. Will do what he can to get Mr. Herbert elected magistrate, so he can form the patrol necessary.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Heard that all will be done to keep out a Yankee for the office of Justice. Hopes Mr. Herbert will consent to serve.","A.L.S. Writes about the issue of county taxes which have become exceedingly high, mainly to pay for road construction. Found out that one group was destroying his trees and running a new road through his land to take business away from the turnpike.","A.D.S. Acknowledges receipt of payment in full on her account for boots and shoes for various named men.","A.L.S. Tells him of the considerable debts ($2,169.80) of Cousin Hannah and wishes to know what is to be done about it.","A.L.S. Urges him to do well in school and to board with the principal and not to associate with his old school mate Charles J.","A.L.S. Describes her trip home and the friends and family she visited on the way. Had friends to dine but had difficulty with the dinner as meat is scarce.","A.L.S. Just sent George to the Charlestown P.O. with a letter and check to him. Sorry to hear that Nelly is again sick.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes her feelings at the recent losses of children and Noblet. Tells of much sickness in the area. \"Old Jenny's was by far the severest case, one which Dr. C. intirely dispaired of. She is recovering which we are thankful for, tho' old and feeble, she is good and pious, and has considerable influence with her children and fellow servants.\"","A.L.S. Has attached a check for $200 to be paid to the Exchange Bank in Alexandria toward her debt of $700. Was sorry to hear of Nelly's illness. Gives other family news.","A.L.S. Discusses a recently recorded deed. Describes health concerns of her sister. Bad weather is affecting planting. At end of letter: \"Matilda, your woman at Harewood has had an infant and lost it. It died after suffering greatly from fits. Dr. Cordell attended it.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  Has enclosed a check to be paid on her account with Mr. Hooff. Prices are low for horses and stock. Planting goes slowly. Gives family and friends news. Gives a recipe for quince jelly and marmalade. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny \u0026 West \u0026 … indeed all our household at M.V.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. A brief note requesting him to \"let George have money $2.50 to get a pair of boots.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is sending Jenny and Fanny and hopes they will be \"useful and conduct themselves well.\" His carpenter came by the day after he left wanting some money he was owed as he had a debt to pay. Wants to visit them but wants him to let her know \"whether or not it is desirable for me to go. I shall not be in the slightest degree either hurt or offended at my room being preferable to my company.\" \"Mr. Rutherford … declines keeping Sally another year. I have told Mr. Shepperd to look out for a good place for her but I really think you had better take her down and either keep her at M.V. under your own eye as milker and washer or hire her out there. I think she and Alfred or Gabriel had better make a match.\"","A.L.S. All have been enjoying the visit from Augustine but regrets she and the children did not also come. Hannah is about to leave for New York for medical treatment, accompanied by Fanny. Thanks Louisa for the chow chow she made. News about a visit to cousin Ann Washington. Much talk of friends and family.","A.L.S. \"Your kind mother always advances for me the money with which I travel to the upper country. I am making my arrangements to move rather earlier than usual this summer that I may have the advantage of Cousin Betsy Winter's company … I shall take Rosina with me who is a fine sensible, amiable girl of fourteen, rather handsome, but bashful and awkward. She looks badly now from a sort of bilious fever without chills, which hangs about her in despite of blue pile etc.\"","A.L.S. Anna writes of the death of an enslaved woman named Harry: \"she died on Monday last, after a short illness, inflammation of the brain and womb… Dr. Alexander and Straith examined her body and found the womb and other organs around it entirely diseased. Mother has lost a kind and faithful servant, a sincere tho humble friend. We shall all feel her loss, to mother it is irreparable, she has no servant who can take her place.\"","A.L.S. Letter being carried by Randall, a slave, and tells of various people's health problems.","A.L.S.\t Hollin Hall to Mount Vernon. Has heard there is little chance of the law they want passing in this session of the Legislature. Gives his thoughts about future elections of people who will assist them.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Wonders whether he has recovered his slave. If so \"make a stern and proper example.\" Tells Augustine to come to him for trials and punishments of slaves.","A.D.S. Autograph copy. Describes an ordinance stating consequences if anyone shall \"root, hunt, range, fish or fowl\" on private land.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Mason, George, 1797-1870","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Tabb, John Prosser","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Alexander, William Fontaine, 1811-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["2019.SC.035","/repositories/3/resources/76"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence"],"collection_ssim":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["5.7 Linear Feet 4 manuscript boxes"],"extent_tesim":["5.7 Linear Feet 4 manuscript boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically with undated material at the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically with undated material at the end of the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJane Charlotte Blackburn was born on August 23, 1786 at Rippon Lodge, Prince William, Virginia to Major Richard Scott Blackburn and Judith Blackburn. She married John Augustine Washington II and had five children, three of whom lived to adulthood – Anna Maria Thomasina Washington Alexander, John Augustine Washington III, and Richard Scott Blackburn Thomas. The couple lived at Blakely plantation near Charles Town, West Virginia, until the death of Bushrod Washington in 1829, who left the property of Mount Vernon to John Augustine Washington II in his will. When her husband died in 1832, Jane Charlotte Washington inherited Mount Vernon and vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability. She insisted her oldest son, John Augustine Washington III, attend college to better prepare him to someday manage the family's properties. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and a year later began overseeing all business at Mount Vernon for his mother. Jane Charlotte Washington died in 1855 and is buried at Mount Vernon with her husband.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn was born on August 23, 1786 at Rippon Lodge, Prince William, Virginia to Major Richard Scott Blackburn and Judith Blackburn. She married John Augustine Washington II and had five children, three of whom lived to adulthood – Anna Maria Thomasina Washington Alexander, John Augustine Washington III, and Richard Scott Blackburn Thomas. The couple lived at Blakely plantation near Charles Town, West Virginia, until the death of Bushrod Washington in 1829, who left the property of Mount Vernon to John Augustine Washington II in his will. When her husband died in 1832, Jane Charlotte Washington inherited Mount Vernon and vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability. She insisted her oldest son, John Augustine Washington III, attend college to better prepare him to someday manage the family's properties. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and a year later began overseeing all business at Mount Vernon for his mother. Jane Charlotte Washington died in 1855 and is buried at Mount Vernon with her husband.","John Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers\nJohn Augustine Washington III and MVLA Collection\nLawrence Washington Collection of Washington family papers\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers\nJohn Augustine Washington III and MVLA Collection\nLawrence Washington Collection of Washington family papers\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of this collection is made up of letters from Jane Charlotte Washington to her son, John Augustine Washington III. Also included are letters to Eleanor Love Selden Washington, a few letters to or from John Augustine Washington III to various individuals, several letters from George Mason of Hollin Hall (1797-1870) to John Augustine Washington III, letters by Lackland and Alexander family members (relatives of the Washingtons) and three receipts. The subject matter of most letters is family or personal affairs and Mount Vernon business with some discussion of the enslaved people owned by the Washingtons. Inclusive dates are 1837 to 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Mount Vernon. Tells him of four family members with consumption. Also \"have no servant to dispose of who would suit her sister, unless Milly would be willing for one of her three elder daughters to go. It would be a sure and good home I believe.\" Discusses sale of corn crop and other family news. Mentions repairs being made by Mr. Skidmore at Mt. Vernon. We have two other letters dated 1837 November 23 and 1838 November 1 mentioning repairs made by Jesse Skidmore. In 1839 July 27, Lawrence Lewis paid Skidmore for work done on the new tomb at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. She is enclosing another $10 note requesting it get charged and sent to her by him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is unable to join him at Mount Vernon as her business would not fare well. Is sending a horse down as he is better fitted for the saddle than harness. Writes about sending him to Mount Vernon to \"relieve Maj. Lewis,\" who is working with Struthers and Strickland to build the new tomb. Writes of her \"deep veneration and gratitude to the memory of Genl Washington.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Upon her return home, she found things had not been taken care of on her farm. A fodder house for the cattle was not placed correctly at all. She encouraged her son to get a good education at Mr. Hallowell's school in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to inquire about an appointment for Lawrence Washington who needs employment. Inquires about his studies and the repairs on the \"old mansion.\" Gives some family news and wants him to call on Mary and Julia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Reports on crop yields. Says there \"have been some difficulties between the overseer and the Negroes\" on the Mountain. Tells him of the impending purchase of a pair of draft horses. Talks of sending Willoughby and Gabriel to Mount Vernon, as well as Henry and Dolly. (This is likely Gabriel Johnson, about whom we have at least nine other letters in the collection.) Mentions letting his cousin have Jesse at \"whatever you think a reasonable price.\" Reports pork prices are down and is worried about the expenses of repairs to Mount Vernon. Was sorry to \"learn by a letter from West that our crop of corn at Mount Vernon has turned out so badly.\" Might need to employ West for another year. More family news and greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear of his illness and tells him to leave Mount Vernon in the hands of hirelings and not endanger his health further by riding there. Refers to reading about \"Mr. Calhoun's and Mr. Clay's conversations in the Senate on Mr. Calhoun's resolutions respecting abolition petitions.\" Much difficulty regarding Jessy – Cousin Jane has abandoned all idea of purchasing her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. with additional writing by Jane C. Washington. Blakeley. Tells of new animals being born, his schooling, and family news. Jane adds: glad to hear his schooling is going well. Asks if he participated in the February 22 celebration. Is sorry he gave up Greek. Wants him to send her a translation from Latin or French. Orders shoes to be made for Kitty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She returned home safely and passes along some family news. Harvest had not been started, but since she returned they have begun on the wheat. Much gets lost by \"having inefficient hands as rakers,\" so she requests him to send Willoughby and Gabriel up immediately. \"Labourers cannot be procured, and wages are higher than ever before known to be.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes he will get to enjoy his job at the Library of the House of Representatives. Thinks it will be good for his future. She is unwell at present. Reports on Dr. Gates who is also not doing well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is troubled about getting Richard to be an \"irregular Cadet\" or maybe to West Point. Reports on the death of Dr. Yates. Gives various instructions and requests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes the water at White Sulphur Spring will prove beneficial. Describes a sermon on Communion Sunday and hopes he's hearing as good as that. Had a disappointing wheat crop. Contracted with Ford and Snyder for the crop. Gabriel is still there, with JAW's permission. Additional page from Aunt Judy Alexander, hoping he meets some young ladies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to rent the Prospect Hill fields for three years to Mr. Anderson. George carried wheat and oats to him, as well as other items. Poor Tansel wants a place with him. He'll make rakes and \"I know he makes excellent shoes.\" Sends greetings to family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She wants Maria and Augustine to return to Blakeley as both are sick. Is disturbed that cousin Jane means to keep Betty for the next year, despite knowing of the intention to send her to Mount Vernon. \"Shall I send Hannah or Sally down, or contend for Betty?\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She relates the difficult journey of his sister to Blakeley. Is glad he is feeling better. Writes about selling enslaved people: \"I am sorry to tell you Milly I understand is unfit for hire, and we shall be obliged to keep her at home. Mr. Rutherford… will take Sally. She is said to be a first rate manager, a strict tho kind mistress. She is to give $35. Hannah I have as yet had no offer for. Closely confined at home without a way of getting out, I have not had it in my power to look out places for our hirelings and do not like to offer them at public hire.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Glad he got rid of his chills. The horse cart is so much in use it cannot be sent down to Mount Vernon. Will send George, Edmund, and Betty to him. Still been unable to get a place for Hannah whose character does not stand well as to docility or usefulness. More instructions as to how to deal with various servants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. \"Dr. A. has determined to keep the servants. I hope they will continue faithful and useful to him. Willoughby is a grumbler, but I am sure he has no just cause of complaint. Dr. A is a human and liberal master. I think you give a high price for your wagoner. Negroes have generally hired lower than usual this year. Hannah is at present laid up, sd. I not be able to get a good and safe place for her, I will send her down by the first safe opportunity.\" \"Remember me most kindly to all our Mount Vernon household – dear Old Jenny especially and West Ford.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She's so happy to hear from Dr. A that his health is much improved. Discusses financial difficulties. \"We must all practice strict economy.\" Sends family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia. Discusses the current low price for wood and Dr. Alexander and his travels. Regrets the failure of Ford and Snyder. Wants her to settle for Hannah's support as West thinks that she has not been given anything to eat. Also wants to remind Dick of a pair of boots for Mr. Morgan. Phil and Jesse have been sick for some time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes his health improves. Discusses disorder on banks, making business difficult. Is sorry this happened at the beginning of his life in business but hopes it will teach him. Tells of harvests and yields and gives some family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She's so glad he has recovered his health. Will be able to get clover seed shortly. Wants to plant the 90 acre field with oats. Sends greetings to Cary. Was able to hire Hannah out until Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. George is off to Mount Vernon with a wagon full of goods. Requests various items to be brought back by him. Hopes his health remains good. His sister wishes to have Caroline whom she has hired brought down to Mount Vernon. She might come up with George. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny – West's servant at Mount Vernon.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Sending this via Mr. Lamar requesting additional things for George to bring back. Describes a sermon given by Mr. Jones the previous Sunday. Hopes he will have \"our old establishment very clean white washed if not painted a little.\" Richard is not well but hopes he will join her when she goes down for a few days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. He is mortified that JAW might have been offended at not having received an invitation to dine with him, which was sent with a \"silly servant.\" He always values having his company and sends him some rhubarb with instructions as to its preparation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. George arrived safely yesterday afternoon. Disappointed various items from Mr. Hooff were not sent but instead sent via canal. Discusses prices of some items. Thanks him for fruit sent. Tells him to do what he thinks best with the greenhouse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is anxiously awaiting the arrival of his hands from Mount Vernon as George Saunders Ned and Lewis are all laid up. Marie and Mary Jane are incapable of working out. Harvest has commenced. Wants him to send a barrel of white sand for plastering the pillars in the brick portico. Hopes he will come soon. Sends family greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She had a good journey home with pleasant visits with friends on the way. \"You have a partial friend in Mr. S. altho' I think he would be pleased if you did not speak quite so loud.\" Richard says a man wants to rent the P.H. Farm but is unwilling to pay the terms requested. Describes two sermons she heard. Wants him to look in the study for letters which Uncle Bushrod says must be there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Writes with suggestions for the furniture and carpet at Mount Vernon. She specifically mentions the \"little drawing room,\" \"parlor,\" \"front passage,\" \"little room,\" and \"old dining room.\" Fears she shall be left more largely in debt than ever yet been. A Dutch farmer wants to rent P. Hole farm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Gives some financial information. \"If the work is all finished at Mount Vernon both Harry and Fanny had better come but if there is still any thing for Fanny to do, she can remain.\" Requests items to be brought up, including lemons and oranges. Family news, including that Uncle Bushrod remains confined to his couch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not heard from him. Ordered various building supplies. Financial times are very difficult and strict economy is necessary. Will send him some of her horses until his can be matched. Since Mary Jane is sick, Fanny should return to care for her. \"Remember me most kindly to my Old Jenny and West.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Walnut Farm to Mount Vernon. She returned home on Saturday and deplored the roads in Harpers Ferry. \"It seems Mr. John Selden is anxious to purchase Harriet. She was appraised at $400 with her child. She is said to be an excellent servant, and if you can get her in place of Hannah, Julia, or Sally, I think you had better do so. Julia is now at Blakely, having laid up and then come off without Lake's permission… Dr. Cordell has been called out to see her twice and from his prescription I rather suppose thinks very little except hysteria ails her.\" Discusses crops and a sermon and sends family greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not been feeling well at all lately. Has heard from Cousin Lorenzo Lewis that Augustine looks very well. She would have liked to have heard that from him or his wife. \"The servants are becoming more and more worthless and disobedient. I really find it very difficult to govern them, or to have the most necessary domestic work attended to with any regularity.\" Family news. Wants him to send Harry up before harvest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She's glad to hear that he and Nelly are doing so well. Much family news. \"Remember me very kindly to my good and faithful Jenny and Harry, also West and Eliza.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Bath to Blakeley. She is in Bath for the waters. It is very crowded, and all the houses are full. Heard two good sermons but then was ill again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  She is concerned about poor Jenny and hopes the operation will give her a better chance of recovery. Many family members are ill. Another description of a sermon she heard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She tells of travel difficulties. Relates some gossip. Made a deal for some provisions, but nothing has been delivered. She advanced the man $150. Family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lots of news about family and friends. Also mentions Hannah and Rebecca being still invalids and that Thomas has again gone to Maryland. \"The boys have bought a wagon and two or three servants.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Mount Vernon. She wants to know if certain lawyers are in Alexandria or Washington. Also wishes to subscribe to the Audubon works and asks him to see to that.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been anxious at not hearing from him. Wants him to send the rent check for $500 as soon as possible. Wants him to send the fish via the Misses Moore's boats on the canal. Mentions the subject of Julia's purchase. Family and friend news. Additional page following receipt of his letter. Sorry the fishery has been unsuccessful. Due to drought the strawberries gave poor yield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She received the check from him. His carpenter is unwilling to go to Mount Vernon before late next autumn due to the climate there. Has tried to find out why the fish and shingles he was to send have not been found on the wharves for the Misses Moore's boats to bring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Mount Vernon. Deals with settling the estate of Mr. Selden. Discusses his purchase of Mary, an enslaved woman who seems to be quite ill and therefore not worth more than $50 or $60. His wife does not want her sold away. Also wants to sell the corn crop at Exeter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is glad he was able to go to Philadelphia. Mentions the death of the wife of Lewis Washington. His sister was with her at her death, and Jane was there through the funeral. Is anxious about Charles' daughter Catherine who was sent via stage to Mrs. Page who did not want her after all and seems unwilling to pay the stage driver for her passage. Discusses the hiring of a German gardener for Mount Vernon. Wants him to send a shoe she left at Mount Vernon and a quantity of cotton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is busy with pork business and will send two barrels of hams and one of lard. Complains about his brother and his wife coming without replying to her as to when they would arrive. Says her health is very infirm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the articles send, including oysters and ducks. Discusses sale of corn and is keeping some back to get a better price in the spring. Gives family news and that Captain Symington \"is stationed at H.F. where the government intends having erected barracks for him.\" Discusses the benefits of religion. Wants him to give a \"piece of old bacon/shoulders to West, Jenny and Phill.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lengthy discussion of the purchase of a house by Dr. Alexander and his sister. The finances of this are described.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is \"sorry to hear of the disturbances among the negroes, especially poor Alfred. I think you had better sell him. Perhaps you might do it advantageously to some one in Richmond, who wants a capable and trustworthy servant. I am told Jim is very much distressed at parting with his son. If the purchaser of Alfred is willing to take Jim and he wishes to go, I have no objection to it.\" Discusses various crop prices. Reports the death of one child from scarlet fever and how it sickens many in Charleston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Discusses a few financial matters. \"Hannah was sick \u0026amp; soon gave birth to a still born infant a boy. It was a mercy the event occurred for decomposition had commenced.\" People are still getting sick with scarlet fever.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes the symptoms and illness with scarlet fever of Julia. She will be unable to attend Jane Davis's wedding. \"I have been in a most unsettled state for a long time. It seems difficult to get my family matters and business settled into any regular method again.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Julia Alexander died from scarlet fever. Others are also ill. She will not come to Mount Vernon for fear of bringing the disease with her and wants him to collect rents due her and pay various bills from that and send the rest to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discussion of finances and sale of stock. Gives medical advice to him for various people. Tells of recent election – not more than half of either party voted. Uncle Bushrod is going to Maryland to attend a meeting of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has \"the severest attack of Influenza I have had for two years.\" Kitty has discarded Lt. Hooe due to his poor conduct. Describes drought conditions badly affecting crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Draft copy. Mount Vernon. Refuses permission to bring a party of military people to Mount Vernon by water. Does not want boats to dock there, but will allow them to enter if they arrive by land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had much sickness. \"Thompson, Jerry and Mingo laid up; in consequence of which George is driving the wagon… Am now endeavoring to save what apples remain on the trees and prepare winter clothing for the servants.\" Wants him to come visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had an unusual degree of sickness. \"Poor old Mingo is thought to be dying!... Berkeley, Jerry, and Thompson are still on the sick list.\" Tells of death of a neighbor who shot himself by accident as he was mounting his horse. Is unable to bring the wheat to the mill as the mill was \"dangerously full.\" Describes a difficult journey by his aunt. At end \"Mingo is Dead.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She was still too ill at Christmas to visit others. \"We have still four or five cases of typhoid fever at the quarters. Charlotte among them she is still very sick. The Dr. hopes a favourable change has taken place in Selina, Saul and Jerry. Mary came out today. I have taken Sophy home and hope to be able to get on with her under Fanny's superintendance.\" Other descriptions of moving enslaved people around. Relates episode of Julia having escaped from Cousin H. and coming to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him Col. and Mrs. Davenport intend to visit him at Mount Vernon. Wants them to entertain them well. Discusses politics – \"the great question of Annexation.\" Mr. Rivers' speech was a great production. \"He feels as we do, the waning power of our once great \u0026amp; noble state.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She returned from a ride feeling quite well again. Describes a beautiful snowfall. \"I am sorry to hear you have still sickness among your servants. It is also the case here, new cases constantly occuring. The Dr. has been a daily visiter with the exception of two or three days. Milly's youngest child is now ill.\" Describes the death of his cousin. Other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes her journey home from Mount Vernon, visiting friends on the way. \"Richard … is going Missouri and wishes to purchase Negroes to take with him. He has yet made no offer for Caroline, tho' we understand he wishes to get her. She I am told is averse to going.\" Describes a sermon and exhorts him to read the Bible. Family information. \"Excuse this blotted ill written scrawl. Read and burn it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses the naming of his new baby girl. Nelly wanted to name her after Jane, but she thought she should be named after Nelly's recently deceased grandmother. Tells of financial difficulties of Dr. A. and the prices of crops. After her signature – \"Destroy this letter.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Writes to discuss ways to assist Dr. A. \"out of his present difficulties.\" Wants him to come visit soon with the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses a large christenings in church. Relates tale of two men who recently died from intemperance. Also tells plans for an upcoming wedding and where various guests will stay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has yet to hear back from him in answer to her letter about Dr. A. Tells him of what she wants to do for him. Gives instructions as to how he should travel to visit her with the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants to send George with the carriage to bring her and the children. Describes dancing by various people. Wants to receive some financial records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him of money placed in bank \"for servants sold… (Humphrey, Shedrack, Thompson, Caroline, Little Daniel, Margaret, and John).\" \"I am not well and feel a good deal agitated at the sale tho' I believe it will be better for all concerned but it is distressing to break up families by sales.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sending notes to him and hopes he will return as soon as he arranges this business. Nelly and the girls are well, though Lou has still a cough.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Misses the family and tells of items that were left during their last visit. Much rain has kept her from church. Maria sent jars of quince jelly for her. Gives family news and describes some roses. Sends message to Augustine \"to write to his old and now very unimportant mother.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes family members' travels. Not a good wheat crop. Discusses the estate of Mr. Foote and how it treats his wife. Talks about the American B.S. and its efforts to bring the Bible to 10,000 families who have none. Asks him to pay some bills for her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on getting much ice stored in his ice house as \"it is a luxury, essential to health, and economy in domestic management.\" \"I believe slaves will become less and less valuable; and unless we keep them in the hope of being able to liberate and provide for them: for pecuniary interest, it is best to own, only as many as are necessary for the ordinary work of our farms.\" Many hams were spoilt, so they cannot offer any.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Much sickness in the early spring of cholera. Many people unable to work – Old Jenny, Maria and Dick, Lewis and George obliged to plough. Her cook Eliza has a crippled sore arm. Sophy, Joe, and Little Tom have been helping with many guests. Much discussion of weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Tells of various charges Richard made on his behalf. The weather has badly affected the crops. Wants to travel to Chicago in the summer. \"Richard has purchased West's little farm… West intends going West.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear about his return of chills. Their diet has been quite poor with a lack of vegetables and fresh meat. Thanks him for the check he sent, but he forgot to sign it. Describes another sermon. Requests him to send cypress shingles as soon as possible as the house leaks when it rains.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County. Discusses failure to purchase mules at auction. He is unable to procure the peaches she wanted in Alexandria as many fruits have already fallen off the trees. West Ford said they needed some double shovel ploughs to put in the wheat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Baltimore. She is sorry to hear of Lou's \"hooping cough.\" Other family news. Long description of Mr. Tacker and his vision of his impending death. Is sorry that Augustine is alone at Mount Vernon with the servants who have been \"a source of disquiet and distress to him.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSummerville, Gloucester County, Virginia to Alexandria. Tells him of a property coming for sale in the area. Also wants to make bricks and needs a \"responsible white man to superintend.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on the birth of another daughter. Gives news of Richard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Nelly is recovering from childbirth, and the baby thrives. Nelly wishes him to remind Miss Entwisle about the dresses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Gives prices of bushels of wheat from Mr. Burns and Mr. Snyder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a wedding and the young guests at the dinner. Discusses an Irishman who came to sell her tablecloths which she did not want. Letter was written over several days. She really misses the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Won't give him the family news as she just passed that along to Nelly in a very recent letter. Thanks him for paying her bills. Discusses rental of the Ferry Landing fisheries and wants to rent to Mr. Whitall. Will let him decide whether to increase the fisheries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Entreats him to take it easy in the winter. They have had much snow. Uncle Bushrod has much ice stored away and offered some to her as her pond had a defect which caused it to drain. Discusses finances. He may rent out North Farm. \"I fear however you will have many difficulties and vexations if you let the servants go with the farm.\" Tells of his sister having a tumour under her arm. Also their church burned. Tells him of the death of her true friend Mrs. Adams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes different people reading the will. Hopes his brother and family reached Mount Vernon safely. \"I think if the ladies attend the Inauguration of our brave honest chief, they had better join Mrs. Madison – who I am sure would be gratified at their so doing, and render their visit much more agreeable.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has been anxiously awaiting a reply from him to her letter of a month ago. Wants to know when the monuments would be brought to Mount Vernon and the sum of money to be obtained. Is sending George with barrels containing hams and some apples. Wants him to return with the horses only, leaving the carriage. There was a fire at Hannah's house which was extinguished.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Gives much family news. Discusses lower prices for wheat and increasing the salary of the woman who must cook for Mr. Graham and all who are on the farm. Wants his help hiring a new overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is waiting to hear from him as to the overseer and waiting to see if Mr. Graham will accept the terms offered. \"Richard intends hiring out the hands he employed on the farm hoping to derive more clear profit from the Hires than he has received from the farm.\" Questions whether she should do anything about the deed for Mount Vernon drawn up. His sister Maria continues to look quite ill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Snyder has delivered in mill his rent wheat. Writes that she is sending the deed to Mount Vernon, which has officially been signed over to him. Discusses an interesting trial in Charlestown. \"A Negro hired by Anderson … made an assault on Anderson for which he was committed and is today to be tried. The gentlemen all seemed to consider the issue of high importance. It certainly is to the miserable prisoner whose fate will be selling, transportation, or Death! I trust the decision will be merciful.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Writes about acquiring copies of the free papers for a formerly enslaved man named William Lyons. He is hoping to travel to Tennessee to visit his parents. Tells him his sister continues to do poorly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Relates the sending of the deed conveying Mount Vernon to him. Is preparing to have Maria come stay for a while.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Maria has been there for a week and continues to be very ill. Tells him his tenants have not honoured his orders. More family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Discusses difficulties with the harvest and procuring labourers. Dr. Alexander hired a tutor for Charlotte who is very well thought of. More neighborhood and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Nelly will soon be able to travel and recommends she drink a tea (\"it can no doubt be had at Stablers\") as the best remedy in her case. \"The servants … are very much alarmed in regard to cholera.\" Wants him to get some good port and M. Wine. She can get good whiskey in C-town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is very glad of the dividend declared by the Alexandria Bank. They have had severe colds but not cholera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Caledon to Mount Vernon. Writing from Caledon and describes journey there. Their trunk did not arrive with them, so they have no change of clothes. Tells stories from the boat trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Much family news. Tells him a cousin died shortly after their visit. Richard \"seems to be a very happy man, he surely is blest in his wife \u0026amp; eight children.\" Dr. A has acquired an excellent housekeeper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of Annie ill with scarlet fever and how the doctor has her rubbed with a piece of raw fat bacon. Is now much improved. Was in care of Miss Gantt, the housekeeper, whom she praises highly. Wishes she could have heard Miss Lind sing at Mount Vernon. Describes a sermon. More news about friends and relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes the symptoms of \"our dear little John\" and is sure something is wrong with his spine. Tells of the route of the turnpike and how it will cut off some of his woodland. Much news about family and acquaintances. Is very pleased with \"our young minister\" and hopes his teachings will help everyone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Top portion of first page cut away, incomplete letter. Wants him to see the plans for the turnpike as it might cut through his land. Mrs. Briscoe's son would like to visit Mount Vernon and will bring any letter or package there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. More on the Turnpike passing through his farm. Entreats him to not bring forward tempting articles which are stimulating and exciting during his brother's visit. She is unable to visit due to pressing business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Met Dr. Alexander and family before church and invited them to dinner. Encloses a letter from Mrs. Moran who would like to stay at Mount Vernon on her way to visit Jane. Is sending George with fish to be pickled. Sends remembrances to \"your maids Sarah, Eliza, Fanny and Amanda.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Thanks him for the fish and oysters sent by wagon. George did not properly stack items on the wagon, and much was damaged. The prayer book for Louisa has finally arrived and will be sent as soon as possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses difficulties of Mr. Whitall and the fishery. Hopes to collect from Snyder and will send it to him. News about friends and family. Finished planting corn. Had snow recently.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him she got $200 from Mr. Rutherford which will be deposited in a bank in Charlestown. He informed them that the roof of the barn is in need of repair. Gives family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants Nelly and the children to visit after harvest and will send George with the carriage to get them. Hopes Augustine will be friends with Mr. Moran. Has been sick and taken \"an unusual quantity of opium for me.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is glad his servants have recovered and \"that you … have not suffered from your humane and close attendance on them.\" Was sorry to hear that Ephraim had fallen a victim. Tells him of a good friend who seems to be recovering. Gives a recipe for a remedy. Talks about the harvest and the various servants who are working on it. Is considering renting out her farm though she would retain part. Tells of Hannah's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Urges her not to think too much of home and to apply herself to her books and music. Gives family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is happy to hear they are all healthy. Relates family news and gives him business advice. Describes hearing a musician. Discusses Mr. Rutherford and his acquiring bone dust to use as fertilizer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She was so sorry to learn of the disaster that occurred to the vessel that was taking his wheat to market. Describes her journey home. At end, thanks him for the venison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is so sorry about his heavy loss and prays that God will help him through it. More family news about various people being ill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a sermon on intemperance. Discusses health problems of John and hopes he will improve when the weather gets better. Much family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Tells her that her last two letters appear to have been robbed. Gives news about her mother, grandmother, and sister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Hopes Augustine is recovering. Much sickness in her house. Sent a new plough to Augustine. Hopes it arrives in time. Other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a visit from Mrs. Powel and various other family members. Wants part of the rent on the fishery to go toward the purchase of a piano for Louisa and the rest sent to her to pay off some debts. Sends love to all and reports on a few deaths.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to the visit from him and his family in July. Describes harvesting of wheat and rye after much rain. Both had much desired Mr. Fillmore's election to the presidency. Wants Noblet to return from California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is enclosing some stock certificates to Mr. Eaches to be her attorney. Glad Nelly and the children are safely home. Tells of the loss of Richard and Christian's children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to Augustine's visit. Invited Kitty to spend the winter with her, but she will go elsewhere. News about various acquaintances. The disagreeable pork business is done, and she is sending three barrels of pippins via boat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Thanks him for the $200 check which enabled her to pay her tax bill. Is again concerned about Noblet. Tells of Kitty Wright's trip to Winchester where her companion became ill with typhoid fever. Kitty \"is now with us, with three lovely children, and a good coloured girl (a slave) the one whom she hired.\" All her friends send their love.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. \"Gabriel has sent in to say he wishes to set off tomorrow on his return home.\" Tells of much family with her at Christmas time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been awaiting his visit and wonders about the cause of the delay. Still no news about Noblet. Tells of returning Annie Burnett home after she came into Richard's pew in church and wanted to come home with her. The next day she returned home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Put $600 in bank to his credit. Kitty and her three children left with Sophy replacing the other nurse who has been ill for the children\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. There is much whooping cough going around with so far one death. The weather is very fine, and there are many flowers. Glad to hear the fisheries are doing well. Describes her visit to Walnut Farm and the people she saw while there. Asks if he has seen the Masonic oration on the \"centennial commemoration of the initiation of George Washington into the order of free Masons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear about the hail storm they had. Celebrated Hannah's birthday. Will send this letter with William Lyons who is leaving to see Augustine. Other family and friend news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is so glad Eliza is recovered. So sad about the death of Dr. Powel. More news about impending visits. General Duvall will be in Washington soon and would like to see Augustine so he could become \"acquainted with many of the influential members from the South \u0026amp; West, with whom he wishes you to become acquainted in case you still determine on disposing of M.V.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. \tBlakeley. Wants either a visit from them or for her to visit them before winter sets in. She had quite a pleasant visit to New York and Philadelphia. Tells him of climbing 180 steps of the Washington Monument in Baltimore and having a beautiful view. Glad they have obtained a governess for the girls.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is sorry Nelly is sick but will be unable to come down until after Christmas. Has several articles brought from N.Y. for \"my deal g.children at M.V.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Tells him of a deposit in bank for his use. Grieved to learn Eliza continues in feeble health. Visited Walnut Farm and heard from Dr. Alexander that \"the financial affairs of our church are in a very confused \u0026amp; entangled state.\" Looking forward to her trip to New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Paid $200 on stock note at bank. Is anxious about his brother determining to go to Housekeeping \u0026amp; renting Col. Devenport's House. He will still be at Blakeley every day. She has been suffering from dyspepsia. Glad to hear the governess gives satisfaction. Reference to Miss Nancy at Walnut Farm, who \"is not only a good house keeper but also understands gardening.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him Mr. and Mrs. Depau intend visiting Mount Vernon, along with their son. Richard and family left for their new home and are much missed. She feels quite anxious to see her \"dear children at M.V. especially my grandson whose name I am as yet unacquainted with.\" Says two of our Cedar lawn cousins are to be married. \"The servants have been divided \u0026amp; the Cedar Lawn will be sold.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Sympathizes with the delayed visit due to the sickness of the family \"and death of your valuable and good young servant Dennis. It is a severe affliction to his poor mother. He was I think her youngest child.\" Is most anxious to see her grandson Lawrence. Had a visit from his brother and Christian and their son John. Went by invitation to Mr. Lovel's school where pupils delivered speeches and addresses. Wants the family to visit and will have rooms fixed up for them. Sends \"kind regards to your good \u0026amp; faithful servant Eliza, Danny \u0026amp; Sarah.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to a shipment of \"Nellies Pickled Rockfish\" to share with neighbours \u0026amp; friends. Discusses planting of crops. Will visit him and his family \"this day week,\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes her trip back home from Mount Vernon. Everyone is harvesting but having difficulty obtaining sufficient hands for the task.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of the sudden death of Mrs. Selden and the funeral. Mentions harvests and addition to his house Dr. A. is doing. Wants to see him and the family. Mr. Rutherford wishes to renew his lease on the farm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Maria's arm heals well and that he received the two barrels of oats she sent. Gives news about family. Tells of \"our beloved Charlotte\" taking communion and becoming a member of the church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley.  She is so sorry that Richard is ill but glad that Augustine is with him. Tells of George's illness. Gives more family news and hopes to see the family soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Requests he send him the cantaloupe seeds he talked about. Wants to talk about a system of patrols \"to try \u0026amp; keep our slaves at home.\" Says the slaves are stealing so much from them and taking it to Alexandria. Says everyone in the neighborhood of slave holders could contribute to hire 6 good men to patrol.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. New Charlestown to Richmond. Sends family news and gives advice as to her traveling home. Tells of someone about to die, and that Fanny Griggs' school is broken up.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Laments that it has been so long since she heard from him or his family and wonders when they will come to visit. Gives news about local people. Tells of the wonderful addition that Dr. A. put on his house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. \tBlakeley to Mount Vernon. Had a tooth extracted. News of friends and neighbors. Has had influenza for 10 days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. White House. Gives his legal opinion as to a dispute among them. First the fact that the seine was not received by Mr. Washington at the appointed time, necessitating many difficulties. Second, the Hoopers did not receive the required loom but are entitled to some compensation for work done. His judgment is for $275 for Mr. Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Hampstead, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses her love of gardening and the recent harvest. Says she likes the new teacher at a neighbor's house \"but she looks consumptive.\" Describes a monument to two boys.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.D.S. Fairfax County. Indicates full payment of judgment from JAW to William Mason.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses the route of the turnpike and that it should go through Mr. E's land. It would split it up, and so Mason wants to offer other alternatives. Much of the land is prone to flooding and marshy. It would be very expensive to put the road through that.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses his written ordinance about how to deal with people coming onto unenclosed land and hunting or fishing. Talks of a particular problem with land along waterways. Wants JAW to write to lawmakers and make this happen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Before the Legislature meets, he encloses a proposed measure to be enacted. Discusses counties to be included – all along the Potomac and Rappahanoc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Rose Hill. Discusses the hiring of an African American boy to do odd jobs and will pay $15.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Discusses the sending of clover seed. Had a problem with old Henry who emptied some tailings for the hens near the clover, mixing some up. \"I think I never was more vexed with any human being in all my life.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Mason writes describing an incident he had with West Ford on his plantation. This remarkable letter highlights the way Ford, despite being a free man, was still treated like a slave by others: \"On the evening of the Monday after Whitsunday, I was about sunset standing at my stable, giving some orders for the morning's work, when there passed within three or four yards of me a Negro man, who I did not know, without touching his hat, or any other recognition of my presence. After he had passed, I called to him asking who he was, and who did he belong to? He walked on, taking no notice, until I repeated the question, when he said 'Washington.' I then said, I suppose you have a name, and can tell me what Mr. Washington you belong to? He replied, 'West Ford.' His manner was insolent and supposing he was drunk, I said to him, there is the road to the gate, go off my place at once… When he got to the corner of the house, he commenced whooping and continued doing so, till he got out of the gate, which I had to send and have closed after him. I said nothing further to him, as he was obviously drunk; but directed one of my servants to go and tell him never to put his foot on the place again… Had he been anyone's servant but yours, I shd. have immediately had him apprehended and flogged for his impertinence; but satisfied that it could only be necessary to report the facts to you, and that you would take measures to prevent his ever coming here again, or repeating it, I have taken no further steps in the matter.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear that JAW is no longer a magistrate of the county. Will do what he can to get Mr. Herbert elected magistrate, so he can form the patrol necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Heard that all will be done to keep out a Yankee for the office of Justice. Hopes Mr. Herbert will consent to serve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Writes about the issue of county taxes which have become exceedingly high, mainly to pay for road construction. Found out that one group was destroying his trees and running a new road through his land to take business away from the turnpike.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.D.S. Acknowledges receipt of payment in full on her account for boots and shoes for various named men.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Tells him of the considerable debts ($2,169.80) of Cousin Hannah and wishes to know what is to be done about it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Urges him to do well in school and to board with the principal and not to associate with his old school mate Charles J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Describes her trip home and the friends and family she visited on the way. Had friends to dine but had difficulty with the dinner as meat is scarce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Just sent George to the Charlestown P.O. with a letter and check to him. Sorry to hear that Nelly is again sick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes her feelings at the recent losses of children and Noblet. Tells of much sickness in the area. \"Old Jenny's was by far the severest case, one which Dr. C. intirely dispaired of. She is recovering which we are thankful for, tho' old and feeble, she is good and pious, and has considerable influence with her children and fellow servants.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Has attached a check for $200 to be paid to the Exchange Bank in Alexandria toward her debt of $700. Was sorry to hear of Nelly's illness. Gives other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Discusses a recently recorded deed. Describes health concerns of her sister. Bad weather is affecting planting. At end of letter: \"Matilda, your woman at Harewood has had an infant and lost it. It died after suffering greatly from fits. Dr. Cordell attended it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  Has enclosed a check to be paid on her account with Mr. Hooff. Prices are low for horses and stock. Planting goes slowly. Gives family and friends news. Gives a recipe for quince jelly and marmalade. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny \u0026amp; West \u0026amp; … indeed all our household at M.V.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. A brief note requesting him to \"let George have money $2.50 to get a pair of boots.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is sending Jenny and Fanny and hopes they will be \"useful and conduct themselves well.\" His carpenter came by the day after he left wanting some money he was owed as he had a debt to pay. Wants to visit them but wants him to let her know \"whether or not it is desirable for me to go. I shall not be in the slightest degree either hurt or offended at my room being preferable to my company.\" \"Mr. Rutherford … declines keeping Sally another year. I have told Mr. Shepperd to look out for a good place for her but I really think you had better take her down and either keep her at M.V. under your own eye as milker and washer or hire her out there. I think she and Alfred or Gabriel had better make a match.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. All have been enjoying the visit from Augustine but regrets she and the children did not also come. Hannah is about to leave for New York for medical treatment, accompanied by Fanny. Thanks Louisa for the chow chow she made. News about a visit to cousin Ann Washington. Much talk of friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. \"Your kind mother always advances for me the money with which I travel to the upper country. I am making my arrangements to move rather earlier than usual this summer that I may have the advantage of Cousin Betsy Winter's company … I shall take Rosina with me who is a fine sensible, amiable girl of fourteen, rather handsome, but bashful and awkward. She looks badly now from a sort of bilious fever without chills, which hangs about her in despite of blue pile etc.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Anna writes of the death of an enslaved woman named Harry: \"she died on Monday last, after a short illness, inflammation of the brain and womb… Dr. Alexander and Straith examined her body and found the womb and other organs around it entirely diseased. Mother has lost a kind and faithful servant, a sincere tho humble friend. We shall all feel her loss, to mother it is irreparable, she has no servant who can take her place.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Letter being carried by Randall, a slave, and tells of various people's health problems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S.\t Hollin Hall to Mount Vernon. Has heard there is little chance of the law they want passing in this session of the Legislature. Gives his thoughts about future elections of people who will assist them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Wonders whether he has recovered his slave. If so \"make a stern and proper example.\" Tells Augustine to come to him for trials and punishments of slaves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.D.S. Autograph copy. Describes an ordinance stating consequences if anyone shall \"root, hunt, range, fish or fowl\" on private land.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of this collection is made up of letters from Jane Charlotte Washington to her son, John Augustine Washington III. Also included are letters to Eleanor Love Selden Washington, a few letters to or from John Augustine Washington III to various individuals, several letters from George Mason of Hollin Hall (1797-1870) to John Augustine Washington III, letters by Lackland and Alexander family members (relatives of the Washingtons) and three receipts. The subject matter of most letters is family or personal affairs and Mount Vernon business with some discussion of the enslaved people owned by the Washingtons. Inclusive dates are 1837 to 1861.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. Tells him of four family members with consumption. Also \"have no servant to dispose of who would suit her sister, unless Milly would be willing for one of her three elder daughters to go. It would be a sure and good home I believe.\" Discusses sale of corn crop and other family news. Mentions repairs being made by Mr. Skidmore at Mt. Vernon. We have two other letters dated 1837 November 23 and 1838 November 1 mentioning repairs made by Jesse Skidmore. In 1839 July 27, Lawrence Lewis paid Skidmore for work done on the new tomb at Mount Vernon.","A.L.S. She is enclosing another $10 note requesting it get charged and sent to her by him.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is unable to join him at Mount Vernon as her business would not fare well. Is sending a horse down as he is better fitted for the saddle than harness. Writes about sending him to Mount Vernon to \"relieve Maj. Lewis,\" who is working with Struthers and Strickland to build the new tomb. Writes of her \"deep veneration and gratitude to the memory of Genl Washington.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Upon her return home, she found things had not been taken care of on her farm. A fodder house for the cattle was not placed correctly at all. She encouraged her son to get a good education at Mr. Hallowell's school in Alexandria.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to inquire about an appointment for Lawrence Washington who needs employment. Inquires about his studies and the repairs on the \"old mansion.\" Gives some family news and wants him to call on Mary and Julia.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Reports on crop yields. Says there \"have been some difficulties between the overseer and the Negroes\" on the Mountain. Tells him of the impending purchase of a pair of draft horses. Talks of sending Willoughby and Gabriel to Mount Vernon, as well as Henry and Dolly. (This is likely Gabriel Johnson, about whom we have at least nine other letters in the collection.) Mentions letting his cousin have Jesse at \"whatever you think a reasonable price.\" Reports pork prices are down and is worried about the expenses of repairs to Mount Vernon. Was sorry to \"learn by a letter from West that our crop of corn at Mount Vernon has turned out so badly.\" Might need to employ West for another year. More family news and greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear of his illness and tells him to leave Mount Vernon in the hands of hirelings and not endanger his health further by riding there. Refers to reading about \"Mr. Calhoun's and Mr. Clay's conversations in the Senate on Mr. Calhoun's resolutions respecting abolition petitions.\" Much difficulty regarding Jessy – Cousin Jane has abandoned all idea of purchasing her.","A.L.S. with additional writing by Jane C. Washington. Blakeley. Tells of new animals being born, his schooling, and family news. Jane adds: glad to hear his schooling is going well. Asks if he participated in the February 22 celebration. Is sorry he gave up Greek. Wants him to send her a translation from Latin or French. Orders shoes to be made for Kitty.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She returned home safely and passes along some family news. Harvest had not been started, but since she returned they have begun on the wheat. Much gets lost by \"having inefficient hands as rakers,\" so she requests him to send Willoughby and Gabriel up immediately. \"Labourers cannot be procured, and wages are higher than ever before known to be.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes he will get to enjoy his job at the Library of the House of Representatives. Thinks it will be good for his future. She is unwell at present. Reports on Dr. Gates who is also not doing well.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is troubled about getting Richard to be an \"irregular Cadet\" or maybe to West Point. Reports on the death of Dr. Yates. Gives various instructions and requests.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes the water at White Sulphur Spring will prove beneficial. Describes a sermon on Communion Sunday and hopes he's hearing as good as that. Had a disappointing wheat crop. Contracted with Ford and Snyder for the crop. Gabriel is still there, with JAW's permission. Additional page from Aunt Judy Alexander, hoping he meets some young ladies.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to rent the Prospect Hill fields for three years to Mr. Anderson. George carried wheat and oats to him, as well as other items. Poor Tansel wants a place with him. He'll make rakes and \"I know he makes excellent shoes.\" Sends greetings to family.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants Maria and Augustine to return to Blakeley as both are sick. Is disturbed that cousin Jane means to keep Betty for the next year, despite knowing of the intention to send her to Mount Vernon. \"Shall I send Hannah or Sally down, or contend for Betty?\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She relates the difficult journey of his sister to Blakeley. Is glad he is feeling better. Writes about selling enslaved people: \"I am sorry to tell you Milly I understand is unfit for hire, and we shall be obliged to keep her at home. Mr. Rutherford… will take Sally. She is said to be a first rate manager, a strict tho kind mistress. She is to give $35. Hannah I have as yet had no offer for. Closely confined at home without a way of getting out, I have not had it in my power to look out places for our hirelings and do not like to offer them at public hire.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Glad he got rid of his chills. The horse cart is so much in use it cannot be sent down to Mount Vernon. Will send George, Edmund, and Betty to him. Still been unable to get a place for Hannah whose character does not stand well as to docility or usefulness. More instructions as to how to deal with various servants.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. \"Dr. A. has determined to keep the servants. I hope they will continue faithful and useful to him. Willoughby is a grumbler, but I am sure he has no just cause of complaint. Dr. A is a human and liberal master. I think you give a high price for your wagoner. Negroes have generally hired lower than usual this year. Hannah is at present laid up, sd. I not be able to get a good and safe place for her, I will send her down by the first safe opportunity.\" \"Remember me most kindly to all our Mount Vernon household – dear Old Jenny especially and West Ford.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She's so happy to hear from Dr. A that his health is much improved. Discusses financial difficulties. \"We must all practice strict economy.\" Sends family news.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia. Discusses the current low price for wood and Dr. Alexander and his travels. Regrets the failure of Ford and Snyder. Wants her to settle for Hannah's support as West thinks that she has not been given anything to eat. Also wants to remind Dick of a pair of boots for Mr. Morgan. Phil and Jesse have been sick for some time.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes his health improves. Discusses disorder on banks, making business difficult. Is sorry this happened at the beginning of his life in business but hopes it will teach him. Tells of harvests and yields and gives some family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She's so glad he has recovered his health. Will be able to get clover seed shortly. Wants to plant the 90 acre field with oats. Sends greetings to Cary. Was able to hire Hannah out until Christmas.","A.L.S. Blakeley. George is off to Mount Vernon with a wagon full of goods. Requests various items to be brought back by him. Hopes his health remains good. His sister wishes to have Caroline whom she has hired brought down to Mount Vernon. She might come up with George. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny – West's servant at Mount Vernon.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Sending this via Mr. Lamar requesting additional things for George to bring back. Describes a sermon given by Mr. Jones the previous Sunday. Hopes he will have \"our old establishment very clean white washed if not painted a little.\" Richard is not well but hopes he will join her when she goes down for a few days.","A.L.S. He is mortified that JAW might have been offended at not having received an invitation to dine with him, which was sent with a \"silly servant.\" He always values having his company and sends him some rhubarb with instructions as to its preparation.","A.L.S. Blakeley. George arrived safely yesterday afternoon. Disappointed various items from Mr. Hooff were not sent but instead sent via canal. Discusses prices of some items. Thanks him for fruit sent. Tells him to do what he thinks best with the greenhouse.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is anxiously awaiting the arrival of his hands from Mount Vernon as George Saunders Ned and Lewis are all laid up. Marie and Mary Jane are incapable of working out. Harvest has commenced. Wants him to send a barrel of white sand for plastering the pillars in the brick portico. Hopes he will come soon. Sends family greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She had a good journey home with pleasant visits with friends on the way. \"You have a partial friend in Mr. S. altho' I think he would be pleased if you did not speak quite so loud.\" Richard says a man wants to rent the P.H. Farm but is unwilling to pay the terms requested. Describes two sermons she heard. Wants him to look in the study for letters which Uncle Bushrod says must be there.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Writes with suggestions for the furniture and carpet at Mount Vernon. She specifically mentions the \"little drawing room,\" \"parlor,\" \"front passage,\" \"little room,\" and \"old dining room.\" Fears she shall be left more largely in debt than ever yet been. A Dutch farmer wants to rent P. Hole farm.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Gives some financial information. \"If the work is all finished at Mount Vernon both Harry and Fanny had better come but if there is still any thing for Fanny to do, she can remain.\" Requests items to be brought up, including lemons and oranges. Family news, including that Uncle Bushrod remains confined to his couch.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not heard from him. Ordered various building supplies. Financial times are very difficult and strict economy is necessary. Will send him some of her horses until his can be matched. Since Mary Jane is sick, Fanny should return to care for her. \"Remember me most kindly to my Old Jenny and West.\"","A.L.S. Walnut Farm to Mount Vernon. She returned home on Saturday and deplored the roads in Harpers Ferry. \"It seems Mr. John Selden is anxious to purchase Harriet. She was appraised at $400 with her child. She is said to be an excellent servant, and if you can get her in place of Hannah, Julia, or Sally, I think you had better do so. Julia is now at Blakely, having laid up and then come off without Lake's permission… Dr. Cordell has been called out to see her twice and from his prescription I rather suppose thinks very little except hysteria ails her.\" Discusses crops and a sermon and sends family greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not been feeling well at all lately. Has heard from Cousin Lorenzo Lewis that Augustine looks very well. She would have liked to have heard that from him or his wife. \"The servants are becoming more and more worthless and disobedient. I really find it very difficult to govern them, or to have the most necessary domestic work attended to with any regularity.\" Family news. Wants him to send Harry up before harvest.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She's glad to hear that he and Nelly are doing so well. Much family news. \"Remember me very kindly to my good and faithful Jenny and Harry, also West and Eliza.\"","A.L.S. Bath to Blakeley. She is in Bath for the waters. It is very crowded, and all the houses are full. Heard two good sermons but then was ill again.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  She is concerned about poor Jenny and hopes the operation will give her a better chance of recovery. Many family members are ill. Another description of a sermon she heard.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She tells of travel difficulties. Relates some gossip. Made a deal for some provisions, but nothing has been delivered. She advanced the man $150. Family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lots of news about family and friends. Also mentions Hannah and Rebecca being still invalids and that Thomas has again gone to Maryland. \"The boys have bought a wagon and two or three servants.\"","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. She wants to know if certain lawyers are in Alexandria or Washington. Also wishes to subscribe to the Audubon works and asks him to see to that.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been anxious at not hearing from him. Wants him to send the rent check for $500 as soon as possible. Wants him to send the fish via the Misses Moore's boats on the canal. Mentions the subject of Julia's purchase. Family and friend news. Additional page following receipt of his letter. Sorry the fishery has been unsuccessful. Due to drought the strawberries gave poor yield.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She received the check from him. His carpenter is unwilling to go to Mount Vernon before late next autumn due to the climate there. Has tried to find out why the fish and shingles he was to send have not been found on the wharves for the Misses Moore's boats to bring.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. Deals with settling the estate of Mr. Selden. Discusses his purchase of Mary, an enslaved woman who seems to be quite ill and therefore not worth more than $50 or $60. His wife does not want her sold away. Also wants to sell the corn crop at Exeter.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is glad he was able to go to Philadelphia. Mentions the death of the wife of Lewis Washington. His sister was with her at her death, and Jane was there through the funeral. Is anxious about Charles' daughter Catherine who was sent via stage to Mrs. Page who did not want her after all and seems unwilling to pay the stage driver for her passage. Discusses the hiring of a German gardener for Mount Vernon. Wants him to send a shoe she left at Mount Vernon and a quantity of cotton.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is busy with pork business and will send two barrels of hams and one of lard. Complains about his brother and his wife coming without replying to her as to when they would arrive. Says her health is very infirm.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the articles send, including oysters and ducks. Discusses sale of corn and is keeping some back to get a better price in the spring. Gives family news and that Captain Symington \"is stationed at H.F. where the government intends having erected barracks for him.\" Discusses the benefits of religion. Wants him to give a \"piece of old bacon/shoulders to West, Jenny and Phill.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lengthy discussion of the purchase of a house by Dr. Alexander and his sister. The finances of this are described.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is \"sorry to hear of the disturbances among the negroes, especially poor Alfred. I think you had better sell him. Perhaps you might do it advantageously to some one in Richmond, who wants a capable and trustworthy servant. I am told Jim is very much distressed at parting with his son. If the purchaser of Alfred is willing to take Jim and he wishes to go, I have no objection to it.\" Discusses various crop prices. Reports the death of one child from scarlet fever and how it sickens many in Charleston.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Discusses a few financial matters. \"Hannah was sick \u0026 soon gave birth to a still born infant a boy. It was a mercy the event occurred for decomposition had commenced.\" People are still getting sick with scarlet fever.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes the symptoms and illness with scarlet fever of Julia. She will be unable to attend Jane Davis's wedding. \"I have been in a most unsettled state for a long time. It seems difficult to get my family matters and business settled into any regular method again.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Julia Alexander died from scarlet fever. Others are also ill. She will not come to Mount Vernon for fear of bringing the disease with her and wants him to collect rents due her and pay various bills from that and send the rest to her.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discussion of finances and sale of stock. Gives medical advice to him for various people. Tells of recent election – not more than half of either party voted. Uncle Bushrod is going to Maryland to attend a meeting of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has \"the severest attack of Influenza I have had for two years.\" Kitty has discarded Lt. Hooe due to his poor conduct. Describes drought conditions badly affecting crops.","A.L.S. Draft copy. Mount Vernon. Refuses permission to bring a party of military people to Mount Vernon by water. Does not want boats to dock there, but will allow them to enter if they arrive by land.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had much sickness. \"Thompson, Jerry and Mingo laid up; in consequence of which George is driving the wagon… Am now endeavoring to save what apples remain on the trees and prepare winter clothing for the servants.\" Wants him to come visit.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had an unusual degree of sickness. \"Poor old Mingo is thought to be dying!... Berkeley, Jerry, and Thompson are still on the sick list.\" Tells of death of a neighbor who shot himself by accident as he was mounting his horse. Is unable to bring the wheat to the mill as the mill was \"dangerously full.\" Describes a difficult journey by his aunt. At end \"Mingo is Dead.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She was still too ill at Christmas to visit others. \"We have still four or five cases of typhoid fever at the quarters. Charlotte among them she is still very sick. The Dr. hopes a favourable change has taken place in Selina, Saul and Jerry. Mary came out today. I have taken Sophy home and hope to be able to get on with her under Fanny's superintendance.\" Other descriptions of moving enslaved people around. Relates episode of Julia having escaped from Cousin H. and coming to her.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him Col. and Mrs. Davenport intend to visit him at Mount Vernon. Wants them to entertain them well. Discusses politics – \"the great question of Annexation.\" Mr. Rivers' speech was a great production. \"He feels as we do, the waning power of our once great \u0026 noble state.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She returned from a ride feeling quite well again. Describes a beautiful snowfall. \"I am sorry to hear you have still sickness among your servants. It is also the case here, new cases constantly occuring. The Dr. has been a daily visiter with the exception of two or three days. Milly's youngest child is now ill.\" Describes the death of his cousin. Other family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes her journey home from Mount Vernon, visiting friends on the way. \"Richard … is going Missouri and wishes to purchase Negroes to take with him. He has yet made no offer for Caroline, tho' we understand he wishes to get her. She I am told is averse to going.\" Describes a sermon and exhorts him to read the Bible. Family information. \"Excuse this blotted ill written scrawl. Read and burn it.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses the naming of his new baby girl. Nelly wanted to name her after Jane, but she thought she should be named after Nelly's recently deceased grandmother. Tells of financial difficulties of Dr. A. and the prices of crops. After her signature – \"Destroy this letter.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Writes to discuss ways to assist Dr. A. \"out of his present difficulties.\" Wants him to come visit soon with the family.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses a large christenings in church. Relates tale of two men who recently died from intemperance. Also tells plans for an upcoming wedding and where various guests will stay.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has yet to hear back from him in answer to her letter about Dr. A. Tells him of what she wants to do for him. Gives instructions as to how he should travel to visit her with the family.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants to send George with the carriage to bring her and the children. Describes dancing by various people. Wants to receive some financial records.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him of money placed in bank \"for servants sold… (Humphrey, Shedrack, Thompson, Caroline, Little Daniel, Margaret, and John).\" \"I am not well and feel a good deal agitated at the sale tho' I believe it will be better for all concerned but it is distressing to break up families by sales.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sending notes to him and hopes he will return as soon as he arranges this business. Nelly and the girls are well, though Lou has still a cough.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Misses the family and tells of items that were left during their last visit. Much rain has kept her from church. Maria sent jars of quince jelly for her. Gives family news and describes some roses. Sends message to Augustine \"to write to his old and now very unimportant mother.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes family members' travels. Not a good wheat crop. Discusses the estate of Mr. Foote and how it treats his wife. Talks about the American B.S. and its efforts to bring the Bible to 10,000 families who have none. Asks him to pay some bills for her.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on getting much ice stored in his ice house as \"it is a luxury, essential to health, and economy in domestic management.\" \"I believe slaves will become less and less valuable; and unless we keep them in the hope of being able to liberate and provide for them: for pecuniary interest, it is best to own, only as many as are necessary for the ordinary work of our farms.\" Many hams were spoilt, so they cannot offer any.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Much sickness in the early spring of cholera. Many people unable to work – Old Jenny, Maria and Dick, Lewis and George obliged to plough. Her cook Eliza has a crippled sore arm. Sophy, Joe, and Little Tom have been helping with many guests. Much discussion of weather.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Tells of various charges Richard made on his behalf. The weather has badly affected the crops. Wants to travel to Chicago in the summer. \"Richard has purchased West's little farm… West intends going West.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear about his return of chills. Their diet has been quite poor with a lack of vegetables and fresh meat. Thanks him for the check he sent, but he forgot to sign it. Describes another sermon. Requests him to send cypress shingles as soon as possible as the house leaks when it rains.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County. Discusses failure to purchase mules at auction. He is unable to procure the peaches she wanted in Alexandria as many fruits have already fallen off the trees. West Ford said they needed some double shovel ploughs to put in the wheat.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Baltimore. She is sorry to hear of Lou's \"hooping cough.\" Other family news. Long description of Mr. Tacker and his vision of his impending death. Is sorry that Augustine is alone at Mount Vernon with the servants who have been \"a source of disquiet and distress to him.\"","Summerville, Gloucester County, Virginia to Alexandria. Tells him of a property coming for sale in the area. Also wants to make bricks and needs a \"responsible white man to superintend.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on the birth of another daughter. Gives news of Richard.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Nelly is recovering from childbirth, and the baby thrives. Nelly wishes him to remind Miss Entwisle about the dresses.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Gives prices of bushels of wheat from Mr. Burns and Mr. Snyder.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a wedding and the young guests at the dinner. Discusses an Irishman who came to sell her tablecloths which she did not want. Letter was written over several days. She really misses the family.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Won't give him the family news as she just passed that along to Nelly in a very recent letter. Thanks him for paying her bills. Discusses rental of the Ferry Landing fisheries and wants to rent to Mr. Whitall. Will let him decide whether to increase the fisheries.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Entreats him to take it easy in the winter. They have had much snow. Uncle Bushrod has much ice stored away and offered some to her as her pond had a defect which caused it to drain. Discusses finances. He may rent out North Farm. \"I fear however you will have many difficulties and vexations if you let the servants go with the farm.\" Tells of his sister having a tumour under her arm. Also their church burned. Tells him of the death of her true friend Mrs. Adams.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes different people reading the will. Hopes his brother and family reached Mount Vernon safely. \"I think if the ladies attend the Inauguration of our brave honest chief, they had better join Mrs. Madison – who I am sure would be gratified at their so doing, and render their visit much more agreeable.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has been anxiously awaiting a reply from him to her letter of a month ago. Wants to know when the monuments would be brought to Mount Vernon and the sum of money to be obtained. Is sending George with barrels containing hams and some apples. Wants him to return with the horses only, leaving the carriage. There was a fire at Hannah's house which was extinguished.","A.L.S. Gives much family news. Discusses lower prices for wheat and increasing the salary of the woman who must cook for Mr. Graham and all who are on the farm. Wants his help hiring a new overseer.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is waiting to hear from him as to the overseer and waiting to see if Mr. Graham will accept the terms offered. \"Richard intends hiring out the hands he employed on the farm hoping to derive more clear profit from the Hires than he has received from the farm.\" Questions whether she should do anything about the deed for Mount Vernon drawn up. His sister Maria continues to look quite ill.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Snyder has delivered in mill his rent wheat. Writes that she is sending the deed to Mount Vernon, which has officially been signed over to him. Discusses an interesting trial in Charlestown. \"A Negro hired by Anderson … made an assault on Anderson for which he was committed and is today to be tried. The gentlemen all seemed to consider the issue of high importance. It certainly is to the miserable prisoner whose fate will be selling, transportation, or Death! I trust the decision will be merciful.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Writes about acquiring copies of the free papers for a formerly enslaved man named William Lyons. He is hoping to travel to Tennessee to visit his parents. Tells him his sister continues to do poorly.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Relates the sending of the deed conveying Mount Vernon to him. Is preparing to have Maria come stay for a while.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Maria has been there for a week and continues to be very ill. Tells him his tenants have not honoured his orders. More family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Discusses difficulties with the harvest and procuring labourers. Dr. Alexander hired a tutor for Charlotte who is very well thought of. More neighborhood and family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Nelly will soon be able to travel and recommends she drink a tea (\"it can no doubt be had at Stablers\") as the best remedy in her case. \"The servants … are very much alarmed in regard to cholera.\" Wants him to get some good port and M. Wine. She can get good whiskey in C-town.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is very glad of the dividend declared by the Alexandria Bank. They have had severe colds but not cholera.","A.L.S. Caledon to Mount Vernon. Writing from Caledon and describes journey there. Their trunk did not arrive with them, so they have no change of clothes. Tells stories from the boat trip.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Much family news. Tells him a cousin died shortly after their visit. Richard \"seems to be a very happy man, he surely is blest in his wife \u0026 eight children.\" Dr. A has acquired an excellent housekeeper.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of Annie ill with scarlet fever and how the doctor has her rubbed with a piece of raw fat bacon. Is now much improved. Was in care of Miss Gantt, the housekeeper, whom she praises highly. Wishes she could have heard Miss Lind sing at Mount Vernon. Describes a sermon. More news about friends and relatives.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes the symptoms of \"our dear little John\" and is sure something is wrong with his spine. Tells of the route of the turnpike and how it will cut off some of his woodland. Much news about family and acquaintances. Is very pleased with \"our young minister\" and hopes his teachings will help everyone.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Top portion of first page cut away, incomplete letter. Wants him to see the plans for the turnpike as it might cut through his land. Mrs. Briscoe's son would like to visit Mount Vernon and will bring any letter or package there.","A.L.S. Blakeley. More on the Turnpike passing through his farm. Entreats him to not bring forward tempting articles which are stimulating and exciting during his brother's visit. She is unable to visit due to pressing business.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Met Dr. Alexander and family before church and invited them to dinner. Encloses a letter from Mrs. Moran who would like to stay at Mount Vernon on her way to visit Jane. Is sending George with fish to be pickled. Sends remembrances to \"your maids Sarah, Eliza, Fanny and Amanda.\"","A.L.S. Thanks him for the fish and oysters sent by wagon. George did not properly stack items on the wagon, and much was damaged. The prayer book for Louisa has finally arrived and will be sent as soon as possible.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses difficulties of Mr. Whitall and the fishery. Hopes to collect from Snyder and will send it to him. News about friends and family. Finished planting corn. Had snow recently.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him she got $200 from Mr. Rutherford which will be deposited in a bank in Charlestown. He informed them that the roof of the barn is in need of repair. Gives family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants Nelly and the children to visit after harvest and will send George with the carriage to get them. Hopes Augustine will be friends with Mr. Moran. Has been sick and taken \"an unusual quantity of opium for me.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is glad his servants have recovered and \"that you … have not suffered from your humane and close attendance on them.\" Was sorry to hear that Ephraim had fallen a victim. Tells him of a good friend who seems to be recovering. Gives a recipe for a remedy. Talks about the harvest and the various servants who are working on it. Is considering renting out her farm though she would retain part. Tells of Hannah's health.","A.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Urges her not to think too much of home and to apply herself to her books and music. Gives family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is happy to hear they are all healthy. Relates family news and gives him business advice. Describes hearing a musician. Discusses Mr. Rutherford and his acquiring bone dust to use as fertilizer.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was so sorry to learn of the disaster that occurred to the vessel that was taking his wheat to market. Describes her journey home. At end, thanks him for the venison.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is so sorry about his heavy loss and prays that God will help him through it. More family news about various people being ill.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a sermon on intemperance. Discusses health problems of John and hopes he will improve when the weather gets better. Much family news.","A.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Tells her that her last two letters appear to have been robbed. Gives news about her mother, grandmother, and sister.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Hopes Augustine is recovering. Much sickness in her house. Sent a new plough to Augustine. Hopes it arrives in time. Other family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a visit from Mrs. Powel and various other family members. Wants part of the rent on the fishery to go toward the purchase of a piano for Louisa and the rest sent to her to pay off some debts. Sends love to all and reports on a few deaths.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to the visit from him and his family in July. Describes harvesting of wheat and rye after much rain. Both had much desired Mr. Fillmore's election to the presidency. Wants Noblet to return from California.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is enclosing some stock certificates to Mr. Eaches to be her attorney. Glad Nelly and the children are safely home. Tells of the loss of Richard and Christian's children.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to Augustine's visit. Invited Kitty to spend the winter with her, but she will go elsewhere. News about various acquaintances. The disagreeable pork business is done, and she is sending three barrels of pippins via boat.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Thanks him for the $200 check which enabled her to pay her tax bill. Is again concerned about Noblet. Tells of Kitty Wright's trip to Winchester where her companion became ill with typhoid fever. Kitty \"is now with us, with three lovely children, and a good coloured girl (a slave) the one whom she hired.\" All her friends send their love.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. \"Gabriel has sent in to say he wishes to set off tomorrow on his return home.\" Tells of much family with her at Christmas time.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been awaiting his visit and wonders about the cause of the delay. Still no news about Noblet. Tells of returning Annie Burnett home after she came into Richard's pew in church and wanted to come home with her. The next day she returned home.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Put $600 in bank to his credit. Kitty and her three children left with Sophy replacing the other nurse who has been ill for the children","A.L.S. Blakeley. There is much whooping cough going around with so far one death. The weather is very fine, and there are many flowers. Glad to hear the fisheries are doing well. Describes her visit to Walnut Farm and the people she saw while there. Asks if he has seen the Masonic oration on the \"centennial commemoration of the initiation of George Washington into the order of free Masons.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear about the hail storm they had. Celebrated Hannah's birthday. Will send this letter with William Lyons who is leaving to see Augustine. Other family and friend news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is so glad Eliza is recovered. So sad about the death of Dr. Powel. More news about impending visits. General Duvall will be in Washington soon and would like to see Augustine so he could become \"acquainted with many of the influential members from the South \u0026 West, with whom he wishes you to become acquainted in case you still determine on disposing of M.V.\"","A.L.S. \tBlakeley. Wants either a visit from them or for her to visit them before winter sets in. She had quite a pleasant visit to New York and Philadelphia. Tells him of climbing 180 steps of the Washington Monument in Baltimore and having a beautiful view. Glad they have obtained a governess for the girls.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is sorry Nelly is sick but will be unable to come down until after Christmas. Has several articles brought from N.Y. for \"my deal g.children at M.V.\"","A.L.S. Tells him of a deposit in bank for his use. Grieved to learn Eliza continues in feeble health. Visited Walnut Farm and heard from Dr. Alexander that \"the financial affairs of our church are in a very confused \u0026 entangled state.\" Looking forward to her trip to New York.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Paid $200 on stock note at bank. Is anxious about his brother determining to go to Housekeeping \u0026 renting Col. Devenport's House. He will still be at Blakeley every day. She has been suffering from dyspepsia. Glad to hear the governess gives satisfaction. Reference to Miss Nancy at Walnut Farm, who \"is not only a good house keeper but also understands gardening.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him Mr. and Mrs. Depau intend visiting Mount Vernon, along with their son. Richard and family left for their new home and are much missed. She feels quite anxious to see her \"dear children at M.V. especially my grandson whose name I am as yet unacquainted with.\" Says two of our Cedar lawn cousins are to be married. \"The servants have been divided \u0026 the Cedar Lawn will be sold.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Sympathizes with the delayed visit due to the sickness of the family \"and death of your valuable and good young servant Dennis. It is a severe affliction to his poor mother. He was I think her youngest child.\" Is most anxious to see her grandson Lawrence. Had a visit from his brother and Christian and their son John. Went by invitation to Mr. Lovel's school where pupils delivered speeches and addresses. Wants the family to visit and will have rooms fixed up for them. Sends \"kind regards to your good \u0026 faithful servant Eliza, Danny \u0026 Sarah.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to a shipment of \"Nellies Pickled Rockfish\" to share with neighbours \u0026 friends. Discusses planting of crops. Will visit him and his family \"this day week,\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes her trip back home from Mount Vernon. Everyone is harvesting but having difficulty obtaining sufficient hands for the task.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of the sudden death of Mrs. Selden and the funeral. Mentions harvests and addition to his house Dr. A. is doing. Wants to see him and the family. Mr. Rutherford wishes to renew his lease on the farm.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Maria's arm heals well and that he received the two barrels of oats she sent. Gives news about family. Tells of \"our beloved Charlotte\" taking communion and becoming a member of the church.","A.L.S. Blakeley.  She is so sorry that Richard is ill but glad that Augustine is with him. Tells of George's illness. Gives more family news and hopes to see the family soon.","A.L.S. Requests he send him the cantaloupe seeds he talked about. Wants to talk about a system of patrols \"to try \u0026 keep our slaves at home.\" Says the slaves are stealing so much from them and taking it to Alexandria. Says everyone in the neighborhood of slave holders could contribute to hire 6 good men to patrol.","A.L.S. New Charlestown to Richmond. Sends family news and gives advice as to her traveling home. Tells of someone about to die, and that Fanny Griggs' school is broken up.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Laments that it has been so long since she heard from him or his family and wonders when they will come to visit. Gives news about local people. Tells of the wonderful addition that Dr. A. put on his house.","A.L.S. \tBlakeley to Mount Vernon. Had a tooth extracted. News of friends and neighbors. Has had influenza for 10 days.","A.L.S. White House. Gives his legal opinion as to a dispute among them. First the fact that the seine was not received by Mr. Washington at the appointed time, necessitating many difficulties. Second, the Hoopers did not receive the required loom but are entitled to some compensation for work done. His judgment is for $275 for Mr. Washington.","A.L.S. Hampstead, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses her love of gardening and the recent harvest. Says she likes the new teacher at a neighbor's house \"but she looks consumptive.\" Describes a monument to two boys.","A.D.S. Fairfax County. Indicates full payment of judgment from JAW to William Mason.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses the route of the turnpike and that it should go through Mr. E's land. It would split it up, and so Mason wants to offer other alternatives. Much of the land is prone to flooding and marshy. It would be very expensive to put the road through that.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses his written ordinance about how to deal with people coming onto unenclosed land and hunting or fishing. Talks of a particular problem with land along waterways. Wants JAW to write to lawmakers and make this happen.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Before the Legislature meets, he encloses a proposed measure to be enacted. Discusses counties to be included – all along the Potomac and Rappahanoc.","A.L.S. Rose Hill. Discusses the hiring of an African American boy to do odd jobs and will pay $15.","A.L.S. Discusses the sending of clover seed. Had a problem with old Henry who emptied some tailings for the hens near the clover, mixing some up. \"I think I never was more vexed with any human being in all my life.\"","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Mason writes describing an incident he had with West Ford on his plantation. This remarkable letter highlights the way Ford, despite being a free man, was still treated like a slave by others: \"On the evening of the Monday after Whitsunday, I was about sunset standing at my stable, giving some orders for the morning's work, when there passed within three or four yards of me a Negro man, who I did not know, without touching his hat, or any other recognition of my presence. After he had passed, I called to him asking who he was, and who did he belong to? He walked on, taking no notice, until I repeated the question, when he said 'Washington.' I then said, I suppose you have a name, and can tell me what Mr. Washington you belong to? He replied, 'West Ford.' His manner was insolent and supposing he was drunk, I said to him, there is the road to the gate, go off my place at once… When he got to the corner of the house, he commenced whooping and continued doing so, till he got out of the gate, which I had to send and have closed after him. I said nothing further to him, as he was obviously drunk; but directed one of my servants to go and tell him never to put his foot on the place again… Had he been anyone's servant but yours, I shd. have immediately had him apprehended and flogged for his impertinence; but satisfied that it could only be necessary to report the facts to you, and that you would take measures to prevent his ever coming here again, or repeating it, I have taken no further steps in the matter.\"","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear that JAW is no longer a magistrate of the county. Will do what he can to get Mr. Herbert elected magistrate, so he can form the patrol necessary.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Heard that all will be done to keep out a Yankee for the office of Justice. Hopes Mr. Herbert will consent to serve.","A.L.S. Writes about the issue of county taxes which have become exceedingly high, mainly to pay for road construction. Found out that one group was destroying his trees and running a new road through his land to take business away from the turnpike.","A.D.S. Acknowledges receipt of payment in full on her account for boots and shoes for various named men.","A.L.S. Tells him of the considerable debts ($2,169.80) of Cousin Hannah and wishes to know what is to be done about it.","A.L.S. Urges him to do well in school and to board with the principal and not to associate with his old school mate Charles J.","A.L.S. Describes her trip home and the friends and family she visited on the way. Had friends to dine but had difficulty with the dinner as meat is scarce.","A.L.S. Just sent George to the Charlestown P.O. with a letter and check to him. Sorry to hear that Nelly is again sick.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes her feelings at the recent losses of children and Noblet. Tells of much sickness in the area. \"Old Jenny's was by far the severest case, one which Dr. C. intirely dispaired of. She is recovering which we are thankful for, tho' old and feeble, she is good and pious, and has considerable influence with her children and fellow servants.\"","A.L.S. Has attached a check for $200 to be paid to the Exchange Bank in Alexandria toward her debt of $700. Was sorry to hear of Nelly's illness. Gives other family news.","A.L.S. Discusses a recently recorded deed. Describes health concerns of her sister. Bad weather is affecting planting. At end of letter: \"Matilda, your woman at Harewood has had an infant and lost it. It died after suffering greatly from fits. Dr. Cordell attended it.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  Has enclosed a check to be paid on her account with Mr. Hooff. Prices are low for horses and stock. Planting goes slowly. Gives family and friends news. Gives a recipe for quince jelly and marmalade. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny \u0026 West \u0026 … indeed all our household at M.V.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. A brief note requesting him to \"let George have money $2.50 to get a pair of boots.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is sending Jenny and Fanny and hopes they will be \"useful and conduct themselves well.\" His carpenter came by the day after he left wanting some money he was owed as he had a debt to pay. Wants to visit them but wants him to let her know \"whether or not it is desirable for me to go. I shall not be in the slightest degree either hurt or offended at my room being preferable to my company.\" \"Mr. Rutherford … declines keeping Sally another year. I have told Mr. Shepperd to look out for a good place for her but I really think you had better take her down and either keep her at M.V. under your own eye as milker and washer or hire her out there. I think she and Alfred or Gabriel had better make a match.\"","A.L.S. All have been enjoying the visit from Augustine but regrets she and the children did not also come. Hannah is about to leave for New York for medical treatment, accompanied by Fanny. Thanks Louisa for the chow chow she made. News about a visit to cousin Ann Washington. Much talk of friends and family.","A.L.S. \"Your kind mother always advances for me the money with which I travel to the upper country. I am making my arrangements to move rather earlier than usual this summer that I may have the advantage of Cousin Betsy Winter's company … I shall take Rosina with me who is a fine sensible, amiable girl of fourteen, rather handsome, but bashful and awkward. She looks badly now from a sort of bilious fever without chills, which hangs about her in despite of blue pile etc.\"","A.L.S. Anna writes of the death of an enslaved woman named Harry: \"she died on Monday last, after a short illness, inflammation of the brain and womb… Dr. Alexander and Straith examined her body and found the womb and other organs around it entirely diseased. Mother has lost a kind and faithful servant, a sincere tho humble friend. We shall all feel her loss, to mother it is irreparable, she has no servant who can take her place.\"","A.L.S. Letter being carried by Randall, a slave, and tells of various people's health problems.","A.L.S.\t Hollin Hall to Mount Vernon. Has heard there is little chance of the law they want passing in this session of the Legislature. Gives his thoughts about future elections of people who will assist them.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Wonders whether he has recovered his slave. If so \"make a stern and proper example.\" Tells Augustine to come to him for trials and punishments of slaves.","A.D.S. Autograph copy. Describes an ordinance stating consequences if anyone shall \"root, hunt, range, fish or fowl\" on private land."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Mason, George, 1797-1870","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Tabb, John Prosser","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Alexander, William Fontaine, 1811-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Mason, George, 1797-1870","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Tabb, John Prosser","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Alexander, William Fontaine, 1811-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":168,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:53:35.669Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_76.xml","title_ssm":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence"],"title_tesim":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1837-1861"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1837-1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["2019.SC.035","/repositories/3/resources/76"],"text":["2019.SC.035","/repositories/3/resources/76","Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Arranged chronologically with undated material at the end of the collection.","Jane Charlotte Blackburn was born on August 23, 1786 at Rippon Lodge, Prince William, Virginia to Major Richard Scott Blackburn and Judith Blackburn. She married John Augustine Washington II and had five children, three of whom lived to adulthood – Anna Maria Thomasina Washington Alexander, John Augustine Washington III, and Richard Scott Blackburn Thomas. The couple lived at Blakely plantation near Charles Town, West Virginia, until the death of Bushrod Washington in 1829, who left the property of Mount Vernon to John Augustine Washington II in his will. When her husband died in 1832, Jane Charlotte Washington inherited Mount Vernon and vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability. She insisted her oldest son, John Augustine Washington III, attend college to better prepare him to someday manage the family's properties. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and a year later began overseeing all business at Mount Vernon for his mother. Jane Charlotte Washington died in 1855 and is buried at Mount Vernon with her husband.","John Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861.","John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers\nJohn Augustine Washington III and MVLA Collection\nLawrence Washington Collection of Washington family papers\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection","The bulk of this collection is made up of letters from Jane Charlotte Washington to her son, John Augustine Washington III. Also included are letters to Eleanor Love Selden Washington, a few letters to or from John Augustine Washington III to various individuals, several letters from George Mason of Hollin Hall (1797-1870) to John Augustine Washington III, letters by Lackland and Alexander family members (relatives of the Washingtons) and three receipts. The subject matter of most letters is family or personal affairs and Mount Vernon business with some discussion of the enslaved people owned by the Washingtons. Inclusive dates are 1837 to 1861.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. Tells him of four family members with consumption. Also \"have no servant to dispose of who would suit her sister, unless Milly would be willing for one of her three elder daughters to go. It would be a sure and good home I believe.\" Discusses sale of corn crop and other family news. Mentions repairs being made by Mr. Skidmore at Mt. Vernon. We have two other letters dated 1837 November 23 and 1838 November 1 mentioning repairs made by Jesse Skidmore. In 1839 July 27, Lawrence Lewis paid Skidmore for work done on the new tomb at Mount Vernon.","A.L.S. She is enclosing another $10 note requesting it get charged and sent to her by him.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is unable to join him at Mount Vernon as her business would not fare well. Is sending a horse down as he is better fitted for the saddle than harness. Writes about sending him to Mount Vernon to \"relieve Maj. Lewis,\" who is working with Struthers and Strickland to build the new tomb. Writes of her \"deep veneration and gratitude to the memory of Genl Washington.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Upon her return home, she found things had not been taken care of on her farm. A fodder house for the cattle was not placed correctly at all. She encouraged her son to get a good education at Mr. Hallowell's school in Alexandria.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to inquire about an appointment for Lawrence Washington who needs employment. Inquires about his studies and the repairs on the \"old mansion.\" Gives some family news and wants him to call on Mary and Julia.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Reports on crop yields. Says there \"have been some difficulties between the overseer and the Negroes\" on the Mountain. Tells him of the impending purchase of a pair of draft horses. Talks of sending Willoughby and Gabriel to Mount Vernon, as well as Henry and Dolly. (This is likely Gabriel Johnson, about whom we have at least nine other letters in the collection.) Mentions letting his cousin have Jesse at \"whatever you think a reasonable price.\" Reports pork prices are down and is worried about the expenses of repairs to Mount Vernon. Was sorry to \"learn by a letter from West that our crop of corn at Mount Vernon has turned out so badly.\" Might need to employ West for another year. More family news and greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear of his illness and tells him to leave Mount Vernon in the hands of hirelings and not endanger his health further by riding there. Refers to reading about \"Mr. Calhoun's and Mr. Clay's conversations in the Senate on Mr. Calhoun's resolutions respecting abolition petitions.\" Much difficulty regarding Jessy – Cousin Jane has abandoned all idea of purchasing her.","A.L.S. with additional writing by Jane C. Washington. Blakeley. Tells of new animals being born, his schooling, and family news. Jane adds: glad to hear his schooling is going well. Asks if he participated in the February 22 celebration. Is sorry he gave up Greek. Wants him to send her a translation from Latin or French. Orders shoes to be made for Kitty.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She returned home safely and passes along some family news. Harvest had not been started, but since she returned they have begun on the wheat. Much gets lost by \"having inefficient hands as rakers,\" so she requests him to send Willoughby and Gabriel up immediately. \"Labourers cannot be procured, and wages are higher than ever before known to be.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes he will get to enjoy his job at the Library of the House of Representatives. Thinks it will be good for his future. She is unwell at present. Reports on Dr. Gates who is also not doing well.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is troubled about getting Richard to be an \"irregular Cadet\" or maybe to West Point. Reports on the death of Dr. Yates. Gives various instructions and requests.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes the water at White Sulphur Spring will prove beneficial. Describes a sermon on Communion Sunday and hopes he's hearing as good as that. Had a disappointing wheat crop. Contracted with Ford and Snyder for the crop. Gabriel is still there, with JAW's permission. Additional page from Aunt Judy Alexander, hoping he meets some young ladies.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to rent the Prospect Hill fields for three years to Mr. Anderson. George carried wheat and oats to him, as well as other items. Poor Tansel wants a place with him. He'll make rakes and \"I know he makes excellent shoes.\" Sends greetings to family.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants Maria and Augustine to return to Blakeley as both are sick. Is disturbed that cousin Jane means to keep Betty for the next year, despite knowing of the intention to send her to Mount Vernon. \"Shall I send Hannah or Sally down, or contend for Betty?\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She relates the difficult journey of his sister to Blakeley. Is glad he is feeling better. Writes about selling enslaved people: \"I am sorry to tell you Milly I understand is unfit for hire, and we shall be obliged to keep her at home. Mr. Rutherford… will take Sally. She is said to be a first rate manager, a strict tho kind mistress. She is to give $35. Hannah I have as yet had no offer for. Closely confined at home without a way of getting out, I have not had it in my power to look out places for our hirelings and do not like to offer them at public hire.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Glad he got rid of his chills. The horse cart is so much in use it cannot be sent down to Mount Vernon. Will send George, Edmund, and Betty to him. Still been unable to get a place for Hannah whose character does not stand well as to docility or usefulness. More instructions as to how to deal with various servants.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. \"Dr. A. has determined to keep the servants. I hope they will continue faithful and useful to him. Willoughby is a grumbler, but I am sure he has no just cause of complaint. Dr. A is a human and liberal master. I think you give a high price for your wagoner. Negroes have generally hired lower than usual this year. Hannah is at present laid up, sd. I not be able to get a good and safe place for her, I will send her down by the first safe opportunity.\" \"Remember me most kindly to all our Mount Vernon household – dear Old Jenny especially and West Ford.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She's so happy to hear from Dr. A that his health is much improved. Discusses financial difficulties. \"We must all practice strict economy.\" Sends family news.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia. Discusses the current low price for wood and Dr. Alexander and his travels. Regrets the failure of Ford and Snyder. Wants her to settle for Hannah's support as West thinks that she has not been given anything to eat. Also wants to remind Dick of a pair of boots for Mr. Morgan. Phil and Jesse have been sick for some time.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes his health improves. Discusses disorder on banks, making business difficult. Is sorry this happened at the beginning of his life in business but hopes it will teach him. Tells of harvests and yields and gives some family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She's so glad he has recovered his health. Will be able to get clover seed shortly. Wants to plant the 90 acre field with oats. Sends greetings to Cary. Was able to hire Hannah out until Christmas.","A.L.S. Blakeley. George is off to Mount Vernon with a wagon full of goods. Requests various items to be brought back by him. Hopes his health remains good. His sister wishes to have Caroline whom she has hired brought down to Mount Vernon. She might come up with George. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny – West's servant at Mount Vernon.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Sending this via Mr. Lamar requesting additional things for George to bring back. Describes a sermon given by Mr. Jones the previous Sunday. Hopes he will have \"our old establishment very clean white washed if not painted a little.\" Richard is not well but hopes he will join her when she goes down for a few days.","A.L.S. He is mortified that JAW might have been offended at not having received an invitation to dine with him, which was sent with a \"silly servant.\" He always values having his company and sends him some rhubarb with instructions as to its preparation.","A.L.S. Blakeley. George arrived safely yesterday afternoon. Disappointed various items from Mr. Hooff were not sent but instead sent via canal. Discusses prices of some items. Thanks him for fruit sent. Tells him to do what he thinks best with the greenhouse.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is anxiously awaiting the arrival of his hands from Mount Vernon as George Saunders Ned and Lewis are all laid up. Marie and Mary Jane are incapable of working out. Harvest has commenced. Wants him to send a barrel of white sand for plastering the pillars in the brick portico. Hopes he will come soon. Sends family greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She had a good journey home with pleasant visits with friends on the way. \"You have a partial friend in Mr. S. altho' I think he would be pleased if you did not speak quite so loud.\" Richard says a man wants to rent the P.H. Farm but is unwilling to pay the terms requested. Describes two sermons she heard. Wants him to look in the study for letters which Uncle Bushrod says must be there.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Writes with suggestions for the furniture and carpet at Mount Vernon. She specifically mentions the \"little drawing room,\" \"parlor,\" \"front passage,\" \"little room,\" and \"old dining room.\" Fears she shall be left more largely in debt than ever yet been. A Dutch farmer wants to rent P. Hole farm.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Gives some financial information. \"If the work is all finished at Mount Vernon both Harry and Fanny had better come but if there is still any thing for Fanny to do, she can remain.\" Requests items to be brought up, including lemons and oranges. Family news, including that Uncle Bushrod remains confined to his couch.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not heard from him. Ordered various building supplies. Financial times are very difficult and strict economy is necessary. Will send him some of her horses until his can be matched. Since Mary Jane is sick, Fanny should return to care for her. \"Remember me most kindly to my Old Jenny and West.\"","A.L.S. Walnut Farm to Mount Vernon. She returned home on Saturday and deplored the roads in Harpers Ferry. \"It seems Mr. John Selden is anxious to purchase Harriet. She was appraised at $400 with her child. She is said to be an excellent servant, and if you can get her in place of Hannah, Julia, or Sally, I think you had better do so. Julia is now at Blakely, having laid up and then come off without Lake's permission… Dr. Cordell has been called out to see her twice and from his prescription I rather suppose thinks very little except hysteria ails her.\" Discusses crops and a sermon and sends family greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not been feeling well at all lately. Has heard from Cousin Lorenzo Lewis that Augustine looks very well. She would have liked to have heard that from him or his wife. \"The servants are becoming more and more worthless and disobedient. I really find it very difficult to govern them, or to have the most necessary domestic work attended to with any regularity.\" Family news. Wants him to send Harry up before harvest.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She's glad to hear that he and Nelly are doing so well. Much family news. \"Remember me very kindly to my good and faithful Jenny and Harry, also West and Eliza.\"","A.L.S. Bath to Blakeley. She is in Bath for the waters. It is very crowded, and all the houses are full. Heard two good sermons but then was ill again.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  She is concerned about poor Jenny and hopes the operation will give her a better chance of recovery. Many family members are ill. Another description of a sermon she heard.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She tells of travel difficulties. Relates some gossip. Made a deal for some provisions, but nothing has been delivered. She advanced the man $150. Family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lots of news about family and friends. Also mentions Hannah and Rebecca being still invalids and that Thomas has again gone to Maryland. \"The boys have bought a wagon and two or three servants.\"","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. She wants to know if certain lawyers are in Alexandria or Washington. Also wishes to subscribe to the Audubon works and asks him to see to that.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been anxious at not hearing from him. Wants him to send the rent check for $500 as soon as possible. Wants him to send the fish via the Misses Moore's boats on the canal. Mentions the subject of Julia's purchase. Family and friend news. Additional page following receipt of his letter. Sorry the fishery has been unsuccessful. Due to drought the strawberries gave poor yield.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She received the check from him. His carpenter is unwilling to go to Mount Vernon before late next autumn due to the climate there. Has tried to find out why the fish and shingles he was to send have not been found on the wharves for the Misses Moore's boats to bring.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. Deals with settling the estate of Mr. Selden. Discusses his purchase of Mary, an enslaved woman who seems to be quite ill and therefore not worth more than $50 or $60. His wife does not want her sold away. Also wants to sell the corn crop at Exeter.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is glad he was able to go to Philadelphia. Mentions the death of the wife of Lewis Washington. His sister was with her at her death, and Jane was there through the funeral. Is anxious about Charles' daughter Catherine who was sent via stage to Mrs. Page who did not want her after all and seems unwilling to pay the stage driver for her passage. Discusses the hiring of a German gardener for Mount Vernon. Wants him to send a shoe she left at Mount Vernon and a quantity of cotton.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is busy with pork business and will send two barrels of hams and one of lard. Complains about his brother and his wife coming without replying to her as to when they would arrive. Says her health is very infirm.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the articles send, including oysters and ducks. Discusses sale of corn and is keeping some back to get a better price in the spring. Gives family news and that Captain Symington \"is stationed at H.F. where the government intends having erected barracks for him.\" Discusses the benefits of religion. Wants him to give a \"piece of old bacon/shoulders to West, Jenny and Phill.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lengthy discussion of the purchase of a house by Dr. Alexander and his sister. The finances of this are described.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is \"sorry to hear of the disturbances among the negroes, especially poor Alfred. I think you had better sell him. Perhaps you might do it advantageously to some one in Richmond, who wants a capable and trustworthy servant. I am told Jim is very much distressed at parting with his son. If the purchaser of Alfred is willing to take Jim and he wishes to go, I have no objection to it.\" Discusses various crop prices. Reports the death of one child from scarlet fever and how it sickens many in Charleston.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Discusses a few financial matters. \"Hannah was sick \u0026 soon gave birth to a still born infant a boy. It was a mercy the event occurred for decomposition had commenced.\" People are still getting sick with scarlet fever.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes the symptoms and illness with scarlet fever of Julia. She will be unable to attend Jane Davis's wedding. \"I have been in a most unsettled state for a long time. It seems difficult to get my family matters and business settled into any regular method again.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Julia Alexander died from scarlet fever. Others are also ill. She will not come to Mount Vernon for fear of bringing the disease with her and wants him to collect rents due her and pay various bills from that and send the rest to her.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discussion of finances and sale of stock. Gives medical advice to him for various people. Tells of recent election – not more than half of either party voted. Uncle Bushrod is going to Maryland to attend a meeting of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has \"the severest attack of Influenza I have had for two years.\" Kitty has discarded Lt. Hooe due to his poor conduct. Describes drought conditions badly affecting crops.","A.L.S. Draft copy. Mount Vernon. Refuses permission to bring a party of military people to Mount Vernon by water. Does not want boats to dock there, but will allow them to enter if they arrive by land.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had much sickness. \"Thompson, Jerry and Mingo laid up; in consequence of which George is driving the wagon… Am now endeavoring to save what apples remain on the trees and prepare winter clothing for the servants.\" Wants him to come visit.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had an unusual degree of sickness. \"Poor old Mingo is thought to be dying!... Berkeley, Jerry, and Thompson are still on the sick list.\" Tells of death of a neighbor who shot himself by accident as he was mounting his horse. Is unable to bring the wheat to the mill as the mill was \"dangerously full.\" Describes a difficult journey by his aunt. At end \"Mingo is Dead.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She was still too ill at Christmas to visit others. \"We have still four or five cases of typhoid fever at the quarters. Charlotte among them she is still very sick. The Dr. hopes a favourable change has taken place in Selina, Saul and Jerry. Mary came out today. I have taken Sophy home and hope to be able to get on with her under Fanny's superintendance.\" Other descriptions of moving enslaved people around. Relates episode of Julia having escaped from Cousin H. and coming to her.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him Col. and Mrs. Davenport intend to visit him at Mount Vernon. Wants them to entertain them well. Discusses politics – \"the great question of Annexation.\" Mr. Rivers' speech was a great production. \"He feels as we do, the waning power of our once great \u0026 noble state.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She returned from a ride feeling quite well again. Describes a beautiful snowfall. \"I am sorry to hear you have still sickness among your servants. It is also the case here, new cases constantly occuring. The Dr. has been a daily visiter with the exception of two or three days. Milly's youngest child is now ill.\" Describes the death of his cousin. Other family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes her journey home from Mount Vernon, visiting friends on the way. \"Richard … is going Missouri and wishes to purchase Negroes to take with him. He has yet made no offer for Caroline, tho' we understand he wishes to get her. She I am told is averse to going.\" Describes a sermon and exhorts him to read the Bible. Family information. \"Excuse this blotted ill written scrawl. Read and burn it.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses the naming of his new baby girl. Nelly wanted to name her after Jane, but she thought she should be named after Nelly's recently deceased grandmother. Tells of financial difficulties of Dr. A. and the prices of crops. After her signature – \"Destroy this letter.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Writes to discuss ways to assist Dr. A. \"out of his present difficulties.\" Wants him to come visit soon with the family.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses a large christenings in church. Relates tale of two men who recently died from intemperance. Also tells plans for an upcoming wedding and where various guests will stay.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has yet to hear back from him in answer to her letter about Dr. A. Tells him of what she wants to do for him. Gives instructions as to how he should travel to visit her with the family.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants to send George with the carriage to bring her and the children. Describes dancing by various people. Wants to receive some financial records.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him of money placed in bank \"for servants sold… (Humphrey, Shedrack, Thompson, Caroline, Little Daniel, Margaret, and John).\" \"I am not well and feel a good deal agitated at the sale tho' I believe it will be better for all concerned but it is distressing to break up families by sales.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sending notes to him and hopes he will return as soon as he arranges this business. Nelly and the girls are well, though Lou has still a cough.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Misses the family and tells of items that were left during their last visit. Much rain has kept her from church. Maria sent jars of quince jelly for her. Gives family news and describes some roses. Sends message to Augustine \"to write to his old and now very unimportant mother.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes family members' travels. Not a good wheat crop. Discusses the estate of Mr. Foote and how it treats his wife. Talks about the American B.S. and its efforts to bring the Bible to 10,000 families who have none. Asks him to pay some bills for her.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on getting much ice stored in his ice house as \"it is a luxury, essential to health, and economy in domestic management.\" \"I believe slaves will become less and less valuable; and unless we keep them in the hope of being able to liberate and provide for them: for pecuniary interest, it is best to own, only as many as are necessary for the ordinary work of our farms.\" Many hams were spoilt, so they cannot offer any.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Much sickness in the early spring of cholera. Many people unable to work – Old Jenny, Maria and Dick, Lewis and George obliged to plough. Her cook Eliza has a crippled sore arm. Sophy, Joe, and Little Tom have been helping with many guests. Much discussion of weather.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Tells of various charges Richard made on his behalf. The weather has badly affected the crops. Wants to travel to Chicago in the summer. \"Richard has purchased West's little farm… West intends going West.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear about his return of chills. Their diet has been quite poor with a lack of vegetables and fresh meat. Thanks him for the check he sent, but he forgot to sign it. Describes another sermon. Requests him to send cypress shingles as soon as possible as the house leaks when it rains.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County. Discusses failure to purchase mules at auction. He is unable to procure the peaches she wanted in Alexandria as many fruits have already fallen off the trees. West Ford said they needed some double shovel ploughs to put in the wheat.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Baltimore. She is sorry to hear of Lou's \"hooping cough.\" Other family news. Long description of Mr. Tacker and his vision of his impending death. Is sorry that Augustine is alone at Mount Vernon with the servants who have been \"a source of disquiet and distress to him.\"","Summerville, Gloucester County, Virginia to Alexandria. Tells him of a property coming for sale in the area. Also wants to make bricks and needs a \"responsible white man to superintend.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on the birth of another daughter. Gives news of Richard.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Nelly is recovering from childbirth, and the baby thrives. Nelly wishes him to remind Miss Entwisle about the dresses.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Gives prices of bushels of wheat from Mr. Burns and Mr. Snyder.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a wedding and the young guests at the dinner. Discusses an Irishman who came to sell her tablecloths which she did not want. Letter was written over several days. She really misses the family.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Won't give him the family news as she just passed that along to Nelly in a very recent letter. Thanks him for paying her bills. Discusses rental of the Ferry Landing fisheries and wants to rent to Mr. Whitall. Will let him decide whether to increase the fisheries.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Entreats him to take it easy in the winter. They have had much snow. Uncle Bushrod has much ice stored away and offered some to her as her pond had a defect which caused it to drain. Discusses finances. He may rent out North Farm. \"I fear however you will have many difficulties and vexations if you let the servants go with the farm.\" Tells of his sister having a tumour under her arm. Also their church burned. Tells him of the death of her true friend Mrs. Adams.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes different people reading the will. Hopes his brother and family reached Mount Vernon safely. \"I think if the ladies attend the Inauguration of our brave honest chief, they had better join Mrs. Madison – who I am sure would be gratified at their so doing, and render their visit much more agreeable.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has been anxiously awaiting a reply from him to her letter of a month ago. Wants to know when the monuments would be brought to Mount Vernon and the sum of money to be obtained. Is sending George with barrels containing hams and some apples. Wants him to return with the horses only, leaving the carriage. There was a fire at Hannah's house which was extinguished.","A.L.S. Gives much family news. Discusses lower prices for wheat and increasing the salary of the woman who must cook for Mr. Graham and all who are on the farm. Wants his help hiring a new overseer.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is waiting to hear from him as to the overseer and waiting to see if Mr. Graham will accept the terms offered. \"Richard intends hiring out the hands he employed on the farm hoping to derive more clear profit from the Hires than he has received from the farm.\" Questions whether she should do anything about the deed for Mount Vernon drawn up. His sister Maria continues to look quite ill.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Snyder has delivered in mill his rent wheat. Writes that she is sending the deed to Mount Vernon, which has officially been signed over to him. Discusses an interesting trial in Charlestown. \"A Negro hired by Anderson … made an assault on Anderson for which he was committed and is today to be tried. The gentlemen all seemed to consider the issue of high importance. It certainly is to the miserable prisoner whose fate will be selling, transportation, or Death! I trust the decision will be merciful.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Writes about acquiring copies of the free papers for a formerly enslaved man named William Lyons. He is hoping to travel to Tennessee to visit his parents. Tells him his sister continues to do poorly.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Relates the sending of the deed conveying Mount Vernon to him. Is preparing to have Maria come stay for a while.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Maria has been there for a week and continues to be very ill. Tells him his tenants have not honoured his orders. More family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Discusses difficulties with the harvest and procuring labourers. Dr. Alexander hired a tutor for Charlotte who is very well thought of. More neighborhood and family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Nelly will soon be able to travel and recommends she drink a tea (\"it can no doubt be had at Stablers\") as the best remedy in her case. \"The servants … are very much alarmed in regard to cholera.\" Wants him to get some good port and M. Wine. She can get good whiskey in C-town.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is very glad of the dividend declared by the Alexandria Bank. They have had severe colds but not cholera.","A.L.S. Caledon to Mount Vernon. Writing from Caledon and describes journey there. Their trunk did not arrive with them, so they have no change of clothes. Tells stories from the boat trip.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Much family news. Tells him a cousin died shortly after their visit. Richard \"seems to be a very happy man, he surely is blest in his wife \u0026 eight children.\" Dr. A has acquired an excellent housekeeper.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of Annie ill with scarlet fever and how the doctor has her rubbed with a piece of raw fat bacon. Is now much improved. Was in care of Miss Gantt, the housekeeper, whom she praises highly. Wishes she could have heard Miss Lind sing at Mount Vernon. Describes a sermon. More news about friends and relatives.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes the symptoms of \"our dear little John\" and is sure something is wrong with his spine. Tells of the route of the turnpike and how it will cut off some of his woodland. Much news about family and acquaintances. Is very pleased with \"our young minister\" and hopes his teachings will help everyone.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Top portion of first page cut away, incomplete letter. Wants him to see the plans for the turnpike as it might cut through his land. Mrs. Briscoe's son would like to visit Mount Vernon and will bring any letter or package there.","A.L.S. Blakeley. More on the Turnpike passing through his farm. Entreats him to not bring forward tempting articles which are stimulating and exciting during his brother's visit. She is unable to visit due to pressing business.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Met Dr. Alexander and family before church and invited them to dinner. Encloses a letter from Mrs. Moran who would like to stay at Mount Vernon on her way to visit Jane. Is sending George with fish to be pickled. Sends remembrances to \"your maids Sarah, Eliza, Fanny and Amanda.\"","A.L.S. Thanks him for the fish and oysters sent by wagon. George did not properly stack items on the wagon, and much was damaged. The prayer book for Louisa has finally arrived and will be sent as soon as possible.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses difficulties of Mr. Whitall and the fishery. Hopes to collect from Snyder and will send it to him. News about friends and family. Finished planting corn. Had snow recently.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him she got $200 from Mr. Rutherford which will be deposited in a bank in Charlestown. He informed them that the roof of the barn is in need of repair. Gives family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants Nelly and the children to visit after harvest and will send George with the carriage to get them. Hopes Augustine will be friends with Mr. Moran. Has been sick and taken \"an unusual quantity of opium for me.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is glad his servants have recovered and \"that you … have not suffered from your humane and close attendance on them.\" Was sorry to hear that Ephraim had fallen a victim. Tells him of a good friend who seems to be recovering. Gives a recipe for a remedy. Talks about the harvest and the various servants who are working on it. Is considering renting out her farm though she would retain part. Tells of Hannah's health.","A.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Urges her not to think too much of home and to apply herself to her books and music. Gives family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is happy to hear they are all healthy. Relates family news and gives him business advice. Describes hearing a musician. Discusses Mr. Rutherford and his acquiring bone dust to use as fertilizer.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was so sorry to learn of the disaster that occurred to the vessel that was taking his wheat to market. Describes her journey home. At end, thanks him for the venison.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is so sorry about his heavy loss and prays that God will help him through it. More family news about various people being ill.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a sermon on intemperance. Discusses health problems of John and hopes he will improve when the weather gets better. Much family news.","A.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Tells her that her last two letters appear to have been robbed. Gives news about her mother, grandmother, and sister.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Hopes Augustine is recovering. Much sickness in her house. Sent a new plough to Augustine. Hopes it arrives in time. Other family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a visit from Mrs. Powel and various other family members. Wants part of the rent on the fishery to go toward the purchase of a piano for Louisa and the rest sent to her to pay off some debts. Sends love to all and reports on a few deaths.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to the visit from him and his family in July. Describes harvesting of wheat and rye after much rain. Both had much desired Mr. Fillmore's election to the presidency. Wants Noblet to return from California.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is enclosing some stock certificates to Mr. Eaches to be her attorney. Glad Nelly and the children are safely home. Tells of the loss of Richard and Christian's children.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to Augustine's visit. Invited Kitty to spend the winter with her, but she will go elsewhere. News about various acquaintances. The disagreeable pork business is done, and she is sending three barrels of pippins via boat.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Thanks him for the $200 check which enabled her to pay her tax bill. Is again concerned about Noblet. Tells of Kitty Wright's trip to Winchester where her companion became ill with typhoid fever. Kitty \"is now with us, with three lovely children, and a good coloured girl (a slave) the one whom she hired.\" All her friends send their love.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. \"Gabriel has sent in to say he wishes to set off tomorrow on his return home.\" Tells of much family with her at Christmas time.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been awaiting his visit and wonders about the cause of the delay. Still no news about Noblet. Tells of returning Annie Burnett home after she came into Richard's pew in church and wanted to come home with her. The next day she returned home.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Put $600 in bank to his credit. Kitty and her three children left with Sophy replacing the other nurse who has been ill for the children","A.L.S. Blakeley. There is much whooping cough going around with so far one death. The weather is very fine, and there are many flowers. Glad to hear the fisheries are doing well. Describes her visit to Walnut Farm and the people she saw while there. Asks if he has seen the Masonic oration on the \"centennial commemoration of the initiation of George Washington into the order of free Masons.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear about the hail storm they had. Celebrated Hannah's birthday. Will send this letter with William Lyons who is leaving to see Augustine. Other family and friend news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is so glad Eliza is recovered. So sad about the death of Dr. Powel. More news about impending visits. General Duvall will be in Washington soon and would like to see Augustine so he could become \"acquainted with many of the influential members from the South \u0026 West, with whom he wishes you to become acquainted in case you still determine on disposing of M.V.\"","A.L.S. \tBlakeley. Wants either a visit from them or for her to visit them before winter sets in. She had quite a pleasant visit to New York and Philadelphia. Tells him of climbing 180 steps of the Washington Monument in Baltimore and having a beautiful view. Glad they have obtained a governess for the girls.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is sorry Nelly is sick but will be unable to come down until after Christmas. Has several articles brought from N.Y. for \"my deal g.children at M.V.\"","A.L.S. Tells him of a deposit in bank for his use. Grieved to learn Eliza continues in feeble health. Visited Walnut Farm and heard from Dr. Alexander that \"the financial affairs of our church are in a very confused \u0026 entangled state.\" Looking forward to her trip to New York.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Paid $200 on stock note at bank. Is anxious about his brother determining to go to Housekeeping \u0026 renting Col. Devenport's House. He will still be at Blakeley every day. She has been suffering from dyspepsia. Glad to hear the governess gives satisfaction. Reference to Miss Nancy at Walnut Farm, who \"is not only a good house keeper but also understands gardening.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him Mr. and Mrs. Depau intend visiting Mount Vernon, along with their son. Richard and family left for their new home and are much missed. She feels quite anxious to see her \"dear children at M.V. especially my grandson whose name I am as yet unacquainted with.\" Says two of our Cedar lawn cousins are to be married. \"The servants have been divided \u0026 the Cedar Lawn will be sold.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Sympathizes with the delayed visit due to the sickness of the family \"and death of your valuable and good young servant Dennis. It is a severe affliction to his poor mother. He was I think her youngest child.\" Is most anxious to see her grandson Lawrence. Had a visit from his brother and Christian and their son John. Went by invitation to Mr. Lovel's school where pupils delivered speeches and addresses. Wants the family to visit and will have rooms fixed up for them. Sends \"kind regards to your good \u0026 faithful servant Eliza, Danny \u0026 Sarah.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to a shipment of \"Nellies Pickled Rockfish\" to share with neighbours \u0026 friends. Discusses planting of crops. Will visit him and his family \"this day week,\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes her trip back home from Mount Vernon. Everyone is harvesting but having difficulty obtaining sufficient hands for the task.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of the sudden death of Mrs. Selden and the funeral. Mentions harvests and addition to his house Dr. A. is doing. Wants to see him and the family. Mr. Rutherford wishes to renew his lease on the farm.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Maria's arm heals well and that he received the two barrels of oats she sent. Gives news about family. Tells of \"our beloved Charlotte\" taking communion and becoming a member of the church.","A.L.S. Blakeley.  She is so sorry that Richard is ill but glad that Augustine is with him. Tells of George's illness. Gives more family news and hopes to see the family soon.","A.L.S. Requests he send him the cantaloupe seeds he talked about. Wants to talk about a system of patrols \"to try \u0026 keep our slaves at home.\" Says the slaves are stealing so much from them and taking it to Alexandria. Says everyone in the neighborhood of slave holders could contribute to hire 6 good men to patrol.","A.L.S. New Charlestown to Richmond. Sends family news and gives advice as to her traveling home. Tells of someone about to die, and that Fanny Griggs' school is broken up.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Laments that it has been so long since she heard from him or his family and wonders when they will come to visit. Gives news about local people. Tells of the wonderful addition that Dr. A. put on his house.","A.L.S. \tBlakeley to Mount Vernon. Had a tooth extracted. News of friends and neighbors. Has had influenza for 10 days.","A.L.S. White House. Gives his legal opinion as to a dispute among them. First the fact that the seine was not received by Mr. Washington at the appointed time, necessitating many difficulties. Second, the Hoopers did not receive the required loom but are entitled to some compensation for work done. His judgment is for $275 for Mr. Washington.","A.L.S. Hampstead, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses her love of gardening and the recent harvest. Says she likes the new teacher at a neighbor's house \"but she looks consumptive.\" Describes a monument to two boys.","A.D.S. Fairfax County. Indicates full payment of judgment from JAW to William Mason.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses the route of the turnpike and that it should go through Mr. E's land. It would split it up, and so Mason wants to offer other alternatives. Much of the land is prone to flooding and marshy. It would be very expensive to put the road through that.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses his written ordinance about how to deal with people coming onto unenclosed land and hunting or fishing. Talks of a particular problem with land along waterways. Wants JAW to write to lawmakers and make this happen.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Before the Legislature meets, he encloses a proposed measure to be enacted. Discusses counties to be included – all along the Potomac and Rappahanoc.","A.L.S. Rose Hill. Discusses the hiring of an African American boy to do odd jobs and will pay $15.","A.L.S. Discusses the sending of clover seed. Had a problem with old Henry who emptied some tailings for the hens near the clover, mixing some up. \"I think I never was more vexed with any human being in all my life.\"","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Mason writes describing an incident he had with West Ford on his plantation. This remarkable letter highlights the way Ford, despite being a free man, was still treated like a slave by others: \"On the evening of the Monday after Whitsunday, I was about sunset standing at my stable, giving some orders for the morning's work, when there passed within three or four yards of me a Negro man, who I did not know, without touching his hat, or any other recognition of my presence. After he had passed, I called to him asking who he was, and who did he belong to? He walked on, taking no notice, until I repeated the question, when he said 'Washington.' I then said, I suppose you have a name, and can tell me what Mr. Washington you belong to? He replied, 'West Ford.' His manner was insolent and supposing he was drunk, I said to him, there is the road to the gate, go off my place at once… When he got to the corner of the house, he commenced whooping and continued doing so, till he got out of the gate, which I had to send and have closed after him. I said nothing further to him, as he was obviously drunk; but directed one of my servants to go and tell him never to put his foot on the place again… Had he been anyone's servant but yours, I shd. have immediately had him apprehended and flogged for his impertinence; but satisfied that it could only be necessary to report the facts to you, and that you would take measures to prevent his ever coming here again, or repeating it, I have taken no further steps in the matter.\"","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear that JAW is no longer a magistrate of the county. Will do what he can to get Mr. Herbert elected magistrate, so he can form the patrol necessary.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Heard that all will be done to keep out a Yankee for the office of Justice. Hopes Mr. Herbert will consent to serve.","A.L.S. Writes about the issue of county taxes which have become exceedingly high, mainly to pay for road construction. Found out that one group was destroying his trees and running a new road through his land to take business away from the turnpike.","A.D.S. Acknowledges receipt of payment in full on her account for boots and shoes for various named men.","A.L.S. Tells him of the considerable debts ($2,169.80) of Cousin Hannah and wishes to know what is to be done about it.","A.L.S. Urges him to do well in school and to board with the principal and not to associate with his old school mate Charles J.","A.L.S. Describes her trip home and the friends and family she visited on the way. Had friends to dine but had difficulty with the dinner as meat is scarce.","A.L.S. Just sent George to the Charlestown P.O. with a letter and check to him. Sorry to hear that Nelly is again sick.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes her feelings at the recent losses of children and Noblet. Tells of much sickness in the area. \"Old Jenny's was by far the severest case, one which Dr. C. intirely dispaired of. She is recovering which we are thankful for, tho' old and feeble, she is good and pious, and has considerable influence with her children and fellow servants.\"","A.L.S. Has attached a check for $200 to be paid to the Exchange Bank in Alexandria toward her debt of $700. Was sorry to hear of Nelly's illness. Gives other family news.","A.L.S. Discusses a recently recorded deed. Describes health concerns of her sister. Bad weather is affecting planting. At end of letter: \"Matilda, your woman at Harewood has had an infant and lost it. It died after suffering greatly from fits. Dr. Cordell attended it.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  Has enclosed a check to be paid on her account with Mr. Hooff. Prices are low for horses and stock. Planting goes slowly. Gives family and friends news. Gives a recipe for quince jelly and marmalade. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny \u0026 West \u0026 … indeed all our household at M.V.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. A brief note requesting him to \"let George have money $2.50 to get a pair of boots.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is sending Jenny and Fanny and hopes they will be \"useful and conduct themselves well.\" His carpenter came by the day after he left wanting some money he was owed as he had a debt to pay. Wants to visit them but wants him to let her know \"whether or not it is desirable for me to go. I shall not be in the slightest degree either hurt or offended at my room being preferable to my company.\" \"Mr. Rutherford … declines keeping Sally another year. I have told Mr. Shepperd to look out for a good place for her but I really think you had better take her down and either keep her at M.V. under your own eye as milker and washer or hire her out there. I think she and Alfred or Gabriel had better make a match.\"","A.L.S. All have been enjoying the visit from Augustine but regrets she and the children did not also come. Hannah is about to leave for New York for medical treatment, accompanied by Fanny. Thanks Louisa for the chow chow she made. News about a visit to cousin Ann Washington. Much talk of friends and family.","A.L.S. \"Your kind mother always advances for me the money with which I travel to the upper country. I am making my arrangements to move rather earlier than usual this summer that I may have the advantage of Cousin Betsy Winter's company … I shall take Rosina with me who is a fine sensible, amiable girl of fourteen, rather handsome, but bashful and awkward. She looks badly now from a sort of bilious fever without chills, which hangs about her in despite of blue pile etc.\"","A.L.S. Anna writes of the death of an enslaved woman named Harry: \"she died on Monday last, after a short illness, inflammation of the brain and womb… Dr. Alexander and Straith examined her body and found the womb and other organs around it entirely diseased. Mother has lost a kind and faithful servant, a sincere tho humble friend. We shall all feel her loss, to mother it is irreparable, she has no servant who can take her place.\"","A.L.S. Letter being carried by Randall, a slave, and tells of various people's health problems.","A.L.S.\t Hollin Hall to Mount Vernon. Has heard there is little chance of the law they want passing in this session of the Legislature. Gives his thoughts about future elections of people who will assist them.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Wonders whether he has recovered his slave. If so \"make a stern and proper example.\" Tells Augustine to come to him for trials and punishments of slaves.","A.D.S. Autograph copy. Describes an ordinance stating consequences if anyone shall \"root, hunt, range, fish or fowl\" on private land.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Mason, George, 1797-1870","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Tabb, John Prosser","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Alexander, William Fontaine, 1811-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["2019.SC.035","/repositories/3/resources/76"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence"],"collection_title_tesim":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence"],"collection_ssim":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["5.7 Linear Feet 4 manuscript boxes"],"extent_tesim":["5.7 Linear Feet 4 manuscript boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eArranged chronologically with undated material at the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["Arranged chronologically with undated material at the end of the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJane Charlotte Blackburn was born on August 23, 1786 at Rippon Lodge, Prince William, Virginia to Major Richard Scott Blackburn and Judith Blackburn. She married John Augustine Washington II and had five children, three of whom lived to adulthood – Anna Maria Thomasina Washington Alexander, John Augustine Washington III, and Richard Scott Blackburn Thomas. The couple lived at Blakely plantation near Charles Town, West Virginia, until the death of Bushrod Washington in 1829, who left the property of Mount Vernon to John Augustine Washington II in his will. When her husband died in 1832, Jane Charlotte Washington inherited Mount Vernon and vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability. She insisted her oldest son, John Augustine Washington III, attend college to better prepare him to someday manage the family's properties. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and a year later began overseeing all business at Mount Vernon for his mother. Jane Charlotte Washington died in 1855 and is buried at Mount Vernon with her husband.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Jane Charlotte Blackburn was born on August 23, 1786 at Rippon Lodge, Prince William, Virginia to Major Richard Scott Blackburn and Judith Blackburn. She married John Augustine Washington II and had five children, three of whom lived to adulthood – Anna Maria Thomasina Washington Alexander, John Augustine Washington III, and Richard Scott Blackburn Thomas. The couple lived at Blakely plantation near Charles Town, West Virginia, until the death of Bushrod Washington in 1829, who left the property of Mount Vernon to John Augustine Washington II in his will. When her husband died in 1832, Jane Charlotte Washington inherited Mount Vernon and vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability. She insisted her oldest son, John Augustine Washington III, attend college to better prepare him to someday manage the family's properties. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and a year later began overseeing all business at Mount Vernon for his mother. Jane Charlotte Washington died in 1855 and is buried at Mount Vernon with her husband.","John Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington and John Augustine Washington III correspondence, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers\nJohn Augustine Washington III and MVLA Collection\nLawrence Washington Collection of Washington family papers\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers\nJohn Augustine Washington III and MVLA Collection\nLawrence Washington Collection of Washington family papers\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe bulk of this collection is made up of letters from Jane Charlotte Washington to her son, John Augustine Washington III. Also included are letters to Eleanor Love Selden Washington, a few letters to or from John Augustine Washington III to various individuals, several letters from George Mason of Hollin Hall (1797-1870) to John Augustine Washington III, letters by Lackland and Alexander family members (relatives of the Washingtons) and three receipts. The subject matter of most letters is family or personal affairs and Mount Vernon business with some discussion of the enslaved people owned by the Washingtons. Inclusive dates are 1837 to 1861.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Mount Vernon. Tells him of four family members with consumption. Also \"have no servant to dispose of who would suit her sister, unless Milly would be willing for one of her three elder daughters to go. It would be a sure and good home I believe.\" Discusses sale of corn crop and other family news. Mentions repairs being made by Mr. Skidmore at Mt. Vernon. We have two other letters dated 1837 November 23 and 1838 November 1 mentioning repairs made by Jesse Skidmore. In 1839 July 27, Lawrence Lewis paid Skidmore for work done on the new tomb at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. She is enclosing another $10 note requesting it get charged and sent to her by him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is unable to join him at Mount Vernon as her business would not fare well. Is sending a horse down as he is better fitted for the saddle than harness. Writes about sending him to Mount Vernon to \"relieve Maj. Lewis,\" who is working with Struthers and Strickland to build the new tomb. Writes of her \"deep veneration and gratitude to the memory of Genl Washington.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Upon her return home, she found things had not been taken care of on her farm. A fodder house for the cattle was not placed correctly at all. She encouraged her son to get a good education at Mr. Hallowell's school in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to inquire about an appointment for Lawrence Washington who needs employment. Inquires about his studies and the repairs on the \"old mansion.\" Gives some family news and wants him to call on Mary and Julia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Reports on crop yields. Says there \"have been some difficulties between the overseer and the Negroes\" on the Mountain. Tells him of the impending purchase of a pair of draft horses. Talks of sending Willoughby and Gabriel to Mount Vernon, as well as Henry and Dolly. (This is likely Gabriel Johnson, about whom we have at least nine other letters in the collection.) Mentions letting his cousin have Jesse at \"whatever you think a reasonable price.\" Reports pork prices are down and is worried about the expenses of repairs to Mount Vernon. Was sorry to \"learn by a letter from West that our crop of corn at Mount Vernon has turned out so badly.\" Might need to employ West for another year. More family news and greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear of his illness and tells him to leave Mount Vernon in the hands of hirelings and not endanger his health further by riding there. Refers to reading about \"Mr. Calhoun's and Mr. Clay's conversations in the Senate on Mr. Calhoun's resolutions respecting abolition petitions.\" Much difficulty regarding Jessy – Cousin Jane has abandoned all idea of purchasing her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. with additional writing by Jane C. Washington. Blakeley. Tells of new animals being born, his schooling, and family news. Jane adds: glad to hear his schooling is going well. Asks if he participated in the February 22 celebration. Is sorry he gave up Greek. Wants him to send her a translation from Latin or French. Orders shoes to be made for Kitty.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She returned home safely and passes along some family news. Harvest had not been started, but since she returned they have begun on the wheat. Much gets lost by \"having inefficient hands as rakers,\" so she requests him to send Willoughby and Gabriel up immediately. \"Labourers cannot be procured, and wages are higher than ever before known to be.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes he will get to enjoy his job at the Library of the House of Representatives. Thinks it will be good for his future. She is unwell at present. Reports on Dr. Gates who is also not doing well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is troubled about getting Richard to be an \"irregular Cadet\" or maybe to West Point. Reports on the death of Dr. Yates. Gives various instructions and requests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes the water at White Sulphur Spring will prove beneficial. Describes a sermon on Communion Sunday and hopes he's hearing as good as that. Had a disappointing wheat crop. Contracted with Ford and Snyder for the crop. Gabriel is still there, with JAW's permission. Additional page from Aunt Judy Alexander, hoping he meets some young ladies.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to rent the Prospect Hill fields for three years to Mr. Anderson. George carried wheat and oats to him, as well as other items. Poor Tansel wants a place with him. He'll make rakes and \"I know he makes excellent shoes.\" Sends greetings to family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She wants Maria and Augustine to return to Blakeley as both are sick. Is disturbed that cousin Jane means to keep Betty for the next year, despite knowing of the intention to send her to Mount Vernon. \"Shall I send Hannah or Sally down, or contend for Betty?\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She relates the difficult journey of his sister to Blakeley. Is glad he is feeling better. Writes about selling enslaved people: \"I am sorry to tell you Milly I understand is unfit for hire, and we shall be obliged to keep her at home. Mr. Rutherford… will take Sally. She is said to be a first rate manager, a strict tho kind mistress. She is to give $35. Hannah I have as yet had no offer for. Closely confined at home without a way of getting out, I have not had it in my power to look out places for our hirelings and do not like to offer them at public hire.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Glad he got rid of his chills. The horse cart is so much in use it cannot be sent down to Mount Vernon. Will send George, Edmund, and Betty to him. Still been unable to get a place for Hannah whose character does not stand well as to docility or usefulness. More instructions as to how to deal with various servants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. \"Dr. A. has determined to keep the servants. I hope they will continue faithful and useful to him. Willoughby is a grumbler, but I am sure he has no just cause of complaint. Dr. A is a human and liberal master. I think you give a high price for your wagoner. Negroes have generally hired lower than usual this year. Hannah is at present laid up, sd. I not be able to get a good and safe place for her, I will send her down by the first safe opportunity.\" \"Remember me most kindly to all our Mount Vernon household – dear Old Jenny especially and West Ford.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She's so happy to hear from Dr. A that his health is much improved. Discusses financial difficulties. \"We must all practice strict economy.\" Sends family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia. Discusses the current low price for wood and Dr. Alexander and his travels. Regrets the failure of Ford and Snyder. Wants her to settle for Hannah's support as West thinks that she has not been given anything to eat. Also wants to remind Dick of a pair of boots for Mr. Morgan. Phil and Jesse have been sick for some time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes his health improves. Discusses disorder on banks, making business difficult. Is sorry this happened at the beginning of his life in business but hopes it will teach him. Tells of harvests and yields and gives some family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She's so glad he has recovered his health. Will be able to get clover seed shortly. Wants to plant the 90 acre field with oats. Sends greetings to Cary. Was able to hire Hannah out until Christmas.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. George is off to Mount Vernon with a wagon full of goods. Requests various items to be brought back by him. Hopes his health remains good. His sister wishes to have Caroline whom she has hired brought down to Mount Vernon. She might come up with George. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny – West's servant at Mount Vernon.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Sending this via Mr. Lamar requesting additional things for George to bring back. Describes a sermon given by Mr. Jones the previous Sunday. Hopes he will have \"our old establishment very clean white washed if not painted a little.\" Richard is not well but hopes he will join her when she goes down for a few days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. He is mortified that JAW might have been offended at not having received an invitation to dine with him, which was sent with a \"silly servant.\" He always values having his company and sends him some rhubarb with instructions as to its preparation.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. George arrived safely yesterday afternoon. Disappointed various items from Mr. Hooff were not sent but instead sent via canal. Discusses prices of some items. Thanks him for fruit sent. Tells him to do what he thinks best with the greenhouse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is anxiously awaiting the arrival of his hands from Mount Vernon as George Saunders Ned and Lewis are all laid up. Marie and Mary Jane are incapable of working out. Harvest has commenced. Wants him to send a barrel of white sand for plastering the pillars in the brick portico. Hopes he will come soon. Sends family greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She had a good journey home with pleasant visits with friends on the way. \"You have a partial friend in Mr. S. altho' I think he would be pleased if you did not speak quite so loud.\" Richard says a man wants to rent the P.H. Farm but is unwilling to pay the terms requested. Describes two sermons she heard. Wants him to look in the study for letters which Uncle Bushrod says must be there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Writes with suggestions for the furniture and carpet at Mount Vernon. She specifically mentions the \"little drawing room,\" \"parlor,\" \"front passage,\" \"little room,\" and \"old dining room.\" Fears she shall be left more largely in debt than ever yet been. A Dutch farmer wants to rent P. Hole farm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Gives some financial information. \"If the work is all finished at Mount Vernon both Harry and Fanny had better come but if there is still any thing for Fanny to do, she can remain.\" Requests items to be brought up, including lemons and oranges. Family news, including that Uncle Bushrod remains confined to his couch.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not heard from him. Ordered various building supplies. Financial times are very difficult and strict economy is necessary. Will send him some of her horses until his can be matched. Since Mary Jane is sick, Fanny should return to care for her. \"Remember me most kindly to my Old Jenny and West.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Walnut Farm to Mount Vernon. She returned home on Saturday and deplored the roads in Harpers Ferry. \"It seems Mr. John Selden is anxious to purchase Harriet. She was appraised at $400 with her child. She is said to be an excellent servant, and if you can get her in place of Hannah, Julia, or Sally, I think you had better do so. Julia is now at Blakely, having laid up and then come off without Lake's permission… Dr. Cordell has been called out to see her twice and from his prescription I rather suppose thinks very little except hysteria ails her.\" Discusses crops and a sermon and sends family greetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not been feeling well at all lately. Has heard from Cousin Lorenzo Lewis that Augustine looks very well. She would have liked to have heard that from him or his wife. \"The servants are becoming more and more worthless and disobedient. I really find it very difficult to govern them, or to have the most necessary domestic work attended to with any regularity.\" Family news. Wants him to send Harry up before harvest.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She's glad to hear that he and Nelly are doing so well. Much family news. \"Remember me very kindly to my good and faithful Jenny and Harry, also West and Eliza.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Bath to Blakeley. She is in Bath for the waters. It is very crowded, and all the houses are full. Heard two good sermons but then was ill again.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  She is concerned about poor Jenny and hopes the operation will give her a better chance of recovery. Many family members are ill. Another description of a sermon she heard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She tells of travel difficulties. Relates some gossip. Made a deal for some provisions, but nothing has been delivered. She advanced the man $150. Family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lots of news about family and friends. Also mentions Hannah and Rebecca being still invalids and that Thomas has again gone to Maryland. \"The boys have bought a wagon and two or three servants.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Mount Vernon. She wants to know if certain lawyers are in Alexandria or Washington. Also wishes to subscribe to the Audubon works and asks him to see to that.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been anxious at not hearing from him. Wants him to send the rent check for $500 as soon as possible. Wants him to send the fish via the Misses Moore's boats on the canal. Mentions the subject of Julia's purchase. Family and friend news. Additional page following receipt of his letter. Sorry the fishery has been unsuccessful. Due to drought the strawberries gave poor yield.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She received the check from him. His carpenter is unwilling to go to Mount Vernon before late next autumn due to the climate there. Has tried to find out why the fish and shingles he was to send have not been found on the wharves for the Misses Moore's boats to bring.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Mount Vernon. Deals with settling the estate of Mr. Selden. Discusses his purchase of Mary, an enslaved woman who seems to be quite ill and therefore not worth more than $50 or $60. His wife does not want her sold away. Also wants to sell the corn crop at Exeter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is glad he was able to go to Philadelphia. Mentions the death of the wife of Lewis Washington. His sister was with her at her death, and Jane was there through the funeral. Is anxious about Charles' daughter Catherine who was sent via stage to Mrs. Page who did not want her after all and seems unwilling to pay the stage driver for her passage. Discusses the hiring of a German gardener for Mount Vernon. Wants him to send a shoe she left at Mount Vernon and a quantity of cotton.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is busy with pork business and will send two barrels of hams and one of lard. Complains about his brother and his wife coming without replying to her as to when they would arrive. Says her health is very infirm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the articles send, including oysters and ducks. Discusses sale of corn and is keeping some back to get a better price in the spring. Gives family news and that Captain Symington \"is stationed at H.F. where the government intends having erected barracks for him.\" Discusses the benefits of religion. Wants him to give a \"piece of old bacon/shoulders to West, Jenny and Phill.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lengthy discussion of the purchase of a house by Dr. Alexander and his sister. The finances of this are described.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is \"sorry to hear of the disturbances among the negroes, especially poor Alfred. I think you had better sell him. Perhaps you might do it advantageously to some one in Richmond, who wants a capable and trustworthy servant. I am told Jim is very much distressed at parting with his son. If the purchaser of Alfred is willing to take Jim and he wishes to go, I have no objection to it.\" Discusses various crop prices. Reports the death of one child from scarlet fever and how it sickens many in Charleston.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Discusses a few financial matters. \"Hannah was sick \u0026amp; soon gave birth to a still born infant a boy. It was a mercy the event occurred for decomposition had commenced.\" People are still getting sick with scarlet fever.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes the symptoms and illness with scarlet fever of Julia. She will be unable to attend Jane Davis's wedding. \"I have been in a most unsettled state for a long time. It seems difficult to get my family matters and business settled into any regular method again.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Julia Alexander died from scarlet fever. Others are also ill. She will not come to Mount Vernon for fear of bringing the disease with her and wants him to collect rents due her and pay various bills from that and send the rest to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discussion of finances and sale of stock. Gives medical advice to him for various people. Tells of recent election – not more than half of either party voted. Uncle Bushrod is going to Maryland to attend a meeting of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has \"the severest attack of Influenza I have had for two years.\" Kitty has discarded Lt. Hooe due to his poor conduct. Describes drought conditions badly affecting crops.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Draft copy. Mount Vernon. Refuses permission to bring a party of military people to Mount Vernon by water. Does not want boats to dock there, but will allow them to enter if they arrive by land.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had much sickness. \"Thompson, Jerry and Mingo laid up; in consequence of which George is driving the wagon… Am now endeavoring to save what apples remain on the trees and prepare winter clothing for the servants.\" Wants him to come visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had an unusual degree of sickness. \"Poor old Mingo is thought to be dying!... Berkeley, Jerry, and Thompson are still on the sick list.\" Tells of death of a neighbor who shot himself by accident as he was mounting his horse. Is unable to bring the wheat to the mill as the mill was \"dangerously full.\" Describes a difficult journey by his aunt. At end \"Mingo is Dead.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She was still too ill at Christmas to visit others. \"We have still four or five cases of typhoid fever at the quarters. Charlotte among them she is still very sick. The Dr. hopes a favourable change has taken place in Selina, Saul and Jerry. Mary came out today. I have taken Sophy home and hope to be able to get on with her under Fanny's superintendance.\" Other descriptions of moving enslaved people around. Relates episode of Julia having escaped from Cousin H. and coming to her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him Col. and Mrs. Davenport intend to visit him at Mount Vernon. Wants them to entertain them well. Discusses politics – \"the great question of Annexation.\" Mr. Rivers' speech was a great production. \"He feels as we do, the waning power of our once great \u0026amp; noble state.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She returned from a ride feeling quite well again. Describes a beautiful snowfall. \"I am sorry to hear you have still sickness among your servants. It is also the case here, new cases constantly occuring. The Dr. has been a daily visiter with the exception of two or three days. Milly's youngest child is now ill.\" Describes the death of his cousin. Other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes her journey home from Mount Vernon, visiting friends on the way. \"Richard … is going Missouri and wishes to purchase Negroes to take with him. He has yet made no offer for Caroline, tho' we understand he wishes to get her. She I am told is averse to going.\" Describes a sermon and exhorts him to read the Bible. Family information. \"Excuse this blotted ill written scrawl. Read and burn it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses the naming of his new baby girl. Nelly wanted to name her after Jane, but she thought she should be named after Nelly's recently deceased grandmother. Tells of financial difficulties of Dr. A. and the prices of crops. After her signature – \"Destroy this letter.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Writes to discuss ways to assist Dr. A. \"out of his present difficulties.\" Wants him to come visit soon with the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses a large christenings in church. Relates tale of two men who recently died from intemperance. Also tells plans for an upcoming wedding and where various guests will stay.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has yet to hear back from him in answer to her letter about Dr. A. Tells him of what she wants to do for him. Gives instructions as to how he should travel to visit her with the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants to send George with the carriage to bring her and the children. Describes dancing by various people. Wants to receive some financial records.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him of money placed in bank \"for servants sold… (Humphrey, Shedrack, Thompson, Caroline, Little Daniel, Margaret, and John).\" \"I am not well and feel a good deal agitated at the sale tho' I believe it will be better for all concerned but it is distressing to break up families by sales.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sending notes to him and hopes he will return as soon as he arranges this business. Nelly and the girls are well, though Lou has still a cough.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Misses the family and tells of items that were left during their last visit. Much rain has kept her from church. Maria sent jars of quince jelly for her. Gives family news and describes some roses. Sends message to Augustine \"to write to his old and now very unimportant mother.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes family members' travels. Not a good wheat crop. Discusses the estate of Mr. Foote and how it treats his wife. Talks about the American B.S. and its efforts to bring the Bible to 10,000 families who have none. Asks him to pay some bills for her.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on getting much ice stored in his ice house as \"it is a luxury, essential to health, and economy in domestic management.\" \"I believe slaves will become less and less valuable; and unless we keep them in the hope of being able to liberate and provide for them: for pecuniary interest, it is best to own, only as many as are necessary for the ordinary work of our farms.\" Many hams were spoilt, so they cannot offer any.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Much sickness in the early spring of cholera. Many people unable to work – Old Jenny, Maria and Dick, Lewis and George obliged to plough. Her cook Eliza has a crippled sore arm. Sophy, Joe, and Little Tom have been helping with many guests. Much discussion of weather.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Tells of various charges Richard made on his behalf. The weather has badly affected the crops. Wants to travel to Chicago in the summer. \"Richard has purchased West's little farm… West intends going West.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear about his return of chills. Their diet has been quite poor with a lack of vegetables and fresh meat. Thanks him for the check he sent, but he forgot to sign it. Describes another sermon. Requests him to send cypress shingles as soon as possible as the house leaks when it rains.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County. Discusses failure to purchase mules at auction. He is unable to procure the peaches she wanted in Alexandria as many fruits have already fallen off the trees. West Ford said they needed some double shovel ploughs to put in the wheat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Baltimore. She is sorry to hear of Lou's \"hooping cough.\" Other family news. Long description of Mr. Tacker and his vision of his impending death. Is sorry that Augustine is alone at Mount Vernon with the servants who have been \"a source of disquiet and distress to him.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSummerville, Gloucester County, Virginia to Alexandria. Tells him of a property coming for sale in the area. Also wants to make bricks and needs a \"responsible white man to superintend.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on the birth of another daughter. Gives news of Richard.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Nelly is recovering from childbirth, and the baby thrives. Nelly wishes him to remind Miss Entwisle about the dresses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Gives prices of bushels of wheat from Mr. Burns and Mr. Snyder.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a wedding and the young guests at the dinner. Discusses an Irishman who came to sell her tablecloths which she did not want. Letter was written over several days. She really misses the family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Won't give him the family news as she just passed that along to Nelly in a very recent letter. Thanks him for paying her bills. Discusses rental of the Ferry Landing fisheries and wants to rent to Mr. Whitall. Will let him decide whether to increase the fisheries.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Entreats him to take it easy in the winter. They have had much snow. Uncle Bushrod has much ice stored away and offered some to her as her pond had a defect which caused it to drain. Discusses finances. He may rent out North Farm. \"I fear however you will have many difficulties and vexations if you let the servants go with the farm.\" Tells of his sister having a tumour under her arm. Also their church burned. Tells him of the death of her true friend Mrs. Adams.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes different people reading the will. Hopes his brother and family reached Mount Vernon safely. \"I think if the ladies attend the Inauguration of our brave honest chief, they had better join Mrs. Madison – who I am sure would be gratified at their so doing, and render their visit much more agreeable.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has been anxiously awaiting a reply from him to her letter of a month ago. Wants to know when the monuments would be brought to Mount Vernon and the sum of money to be obtained. Is sending George with barrels containing hams and some apples. Wants him to return with the horses only, leaving the carriage. There was a fire at Hannah's house which was extinguished.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Gives much family news. Discusses lower prices for wheat and increasing the salary of the woman who must cook for Mr. Graham and all who are on the farm. Wants his help hiring a new overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is waiting to hear from him as to the overseer and waiting to see if Mr. Graham will accept the terms offered. \"Richard intends hiring out the hands he employed on the farm hoping to derive more clear profit from the Hires than he has received from the farm.\" Questions whether she should do anything about the deed for Mount Vernon drawn up. His sister Maria continues to look quite ill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Snyder has delivered in mill his rent wheat. Writes that she is sending the deed to Mount Vernon, which has officially been signed over to him. Discusses an interesting trial in Charlestown. \"A Negro hired by Anderson … made an assault on Anderson for which he was committed and is today to be tried. The gentlemen all seemed to consider the issue of high importance. It certainly is to the miserable prisoner whose fate will be selling, transportation, or Death! I trust the decision will be merciful.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Writes about acquiring copies of the free papers for a formerly enslaved man named William Lyons. He is hoping to travel to Tennessee to visit his parents. Tells him his sister continues to do poorly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Relates the sending of the deed conveying Mount Vernon to him. Is preparing to have Maria come stay for a while.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Maria has been there for a week and continues to be very ill. Tells him his tenants have not honoured his orders. More family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Discusses difficulties with the harvest and procuring labourers. Dr. Alexander hired a tutor for Charlotte who is very well thought of. More neighborhood and family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Nelly will soon be able to travel and recommends she drink a tea (\"it can no doubt be had at Stablers\") as the best remedy in her case. \"The servants … are very much alarmed in regard to cholera.\" Wants him to get some good port and M. Wine. She can get good whiskey in C-town.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is very glad of the dividend declared by the Alexandria Bank. They have had severe colds but not cholera.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Caledon to Mount Vernon. Writing from Caledon and describes journey there. Their trunk did not arrive with them, so they have no change of clothes. Tells stories from the boat trip.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Much family news. Tells him a cousin died shortly after their visit. Richard \"seems to be a very happy man, he surely is blest in his wife \u0026amp; eight children.\" Dr. A has acquired an excellent housekeeper.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of Annie ill with scarlet fever and how the doctor has her rubbed with a piece of raw fat bacon. Is now much improved. Was in care of Miss Gantt, the housekeeper, whom she praises highly. Wishes she could have heard Miss Lind sing at Mount Vernon. Describes a sermon. More news about friends and relatives.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes the symptoms of \"our dear little John\" and is sure something is wrong with his spine. Tells of the route of the turnpike and how it will cut off some of his woodland. Much news about family and acquaintances. Is very pleased with \"our young minister\" and hopes his teachings will help everyone.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Top portion of first page cut away, incomplete letter. Wants him to see the plans for the turnpike as it might cut through his land. Mrs. Briscoe's son would like to visit Mount Vernon and will bring any letter or package there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. More on the Turnpike passing through his farm. Entreats him to not bring forward tempting articles which are stimulating and exciting during his brother's visit. She is unable to visit due to pressing business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Met Dr. Alexander and family before church and invited them to dinner. Encloses a letter from Mrs. Moran who would like to stay at Mount Vernon on her way to visit Jane. Is sending George with fish to be pickled. Sends remembrances to \"your maids Sarah, Eliza, Fanny and Amanda.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Thanks him for the fish and oysters sent by wagon. George did not properly stack items on the wagon, and much was damaged. The prayer book for Louisa has finally arrived and will be sent as soon as possible.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses difficulties of Mr. Whitall and the fishery. Hopes to collect from Snyder and will send it to him. News about friends and family. Finished planting corn. Had snow recently.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him she got $200 from Mr. Rutherford which will be deposited in a bank in Charlestown. He informed them that the roof of the barn is in need of repair. Gives family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants Nelly and the children to visit after harvest and will send George with the carriage to get them. Hopes Augustine will be friends with Mr. Moran. Has been sick and taken \"an unusual quantity of opium for me.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is glad his servants have recovered and \"that you … have not suffered from your humane and close attendance on them.\" Was sorry to hear that Ephraim had fallen a victim. Tells him of a good friend who seems to be recovering. Gives a recipe for a remedy. Talks about the harvest and the various servants who are working on it. Is considering renting out her farm though she would retain part. Tells of Hannah's health.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Urges her not to think too much of home and to apply herself to her books and music. Gives family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is happy to hear they are all healthy. Relates family news and gives him business advice. Describes hearing a musician. Discusses Mr. Rutherford and his acquiring bone dust to use as fertilizer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She was so sorry to learn of the disaster that occurred to the vessel that was taking his wheat to market. Describes her journey home. At end, thanks him for the venison.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is so sorry about his heavy loss and prays that God will help him through it. More family news about various people being ill.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a sermon on intemperance. Discusses health problems of John and hopes he will improve when the weather gets better. Much family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Tells her that her last two letters appear to have been robbed. Gives news about her mother, grandmother, and sister.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Hopes Augustine is recovering. Much sickness in her house. Sent a new plough to Augustine. Hopes it arrives in time. Other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a visit from Mrs. Powel and various other family members. Wants part of the rent on the fishery to go toward the purchase of a piano for Louisa and the rest sent to her to pay off some debts. Sends love to all and reports on a few deaths.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to the visit from him and his family in July. Describes harvesting of wheat and rye after much rain. Both had much desired Mr. Fillmore's election to the presidency. Wants Noblet to return from California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is enclosing some stock certificates to Mr. Eaches to be her attorney. Glad Nelly and the children are safely home. Tells of the loss of Richard and Christian's children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to Augustine's visit. Invited Kitty to spend the winter with her, but she will go elsewhere. News about various acquaintances. The disagreeable pork business is done, and she is sending three barrels of pippins via boat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Thanks him for the $200 check which enabled her to pay her tax bill. Is again concerned about Noblet. Tells of Kitty Wright's trip to Winchester where her companion became ill with typhoid fever. Kitty \"is now with us, with three lovely children, and a good coloured girl (a slave) the one whom she hired.\" All her friends send their love.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. \"Gabriel has sent in to say he wishes to set off tomorrow on his return home.\" Tells of much family with her at Christmas time.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been awaiting his visit and wonders about the cause of the delay. Still no news about Noblet. Tells of returning Annie Burnett home after she came into Richard's pew in church and wanted to come home with her. The next day she returned home.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Put $600 in bank to his credit. Kitty and her three children left with Sophy replacing the other nurse who has been ill for the children\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. There is much whooping cough going around with so far one death. The weather is very fine, and there are many flowers. Glad to hear the fisheries are doing well. Describes her visit to Walnut Farm and the people she saw while there. Asks if he has seen the Masonic oration on the \"centennial commemoration of the initiation of George Washington into the order of free Masons.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear about the hail storm they had. Celebrated Hannah's birthday. Will send this letter with William Lyons who is leaving to see Augustine. Other family and friend news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is so glad Eliza is recovered. So sad about the death of Dr. Powel. More news about impending visits. General Duvall will be in Washington soon and would like to see Augustine so he could become \"acquainted with many of the influential members from the South \u0026amp; West, with whom he wishes you to become acquainted in case you still determine on disposing of M.V.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. \tBlakeley. Wants either a visit from them or for her to visit them before winter sets in. She had quite a pleasant visit to New York and Philadelphia. Tells him of climbing 180 steps of the Washington Monument in Baltimore and having a beautiful view. Glad they have obtained a governess for the girls.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. She is sorry Nelly is sick but will be unable to come down until after Christmas. Has several articles brought from N.Y. for \"my deal g.children at M.V.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Tells him of a deposit in bank for his use. Grieved to learn Eliza continues in feeble health. Visited Walnut Farm and heard from Dr. Alexander that \"the financial affairs of our church are in a very confused \u0026amp; entangled state.\" Looking forward to her trip to New York.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Paid $200 on stock note at bank. Is anxious about his brother determining to go to Housekeeping \u0026amp; renting Col. Devenport's House. He will still be at Blakeley every day. She has been suffering from dyspepsia. Glad to hear the governess gives satisfaction. Reference to Miss Nancy at Walnut Farm, who \"is not only a good house keeper but also understands gardening.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him Mr. and Mrs. Depau intend visiting Mount Vernon, along with their son. Richard and family left for their new home and are much missed. She feels quite anxious to see her \"dear children at M.V. especially my grandson whose name I am as yet unacquainted with.\" Says two of our Cedar lawn cousins are to be married. \"The servants have been divided \u0026amp; the Cedar Lawn will be sold.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Sympathizes with the delayed visit due to the sickness of the family \"and death of your valuable and good young servant Dennis. It is a severe affliction to his poor mother. He was I think her youngest child.\" Is most anxious to see her grandson Lawrence. Had a visit from his brother and Christian and their son John. Went by invitation to Mr. Lovel's school where pupils delivered speeches and addresses. Wants the family to visit and will have rooms fixed up for them. Sends \"kind regards to your good \u0026amp; faithful servant Eliza, Danny \u0026amp; Sarah.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to a shipment of \"Nellies Pickled Rockfish\" to share with neighbours \u0026amp; friends. Discusses planting of crops. Will visit him and his family \"this day week,\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Describes her trip back home from Mount Vernon. Everyone is harvesting but having difficulty obtaining sufficient hands for the task.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of the sudden death of Mrs. Selden and the funeral. Mentions harvests and addition to his house Dr. A. is doing. Wants to see him and the family. Mr. Rutherford wishes to renew his lease on the farm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Maria's arm heals well and that he received the two barrels of oats she sent. Gives news about family. Tells of \"our beloved Charlotte\" taking communion and becoming a member of the church.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley.  She is so sorry that Richard is ill but glad that Augustine is with him. Tells of George's illness. Gives more family news and hopes to see the family soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Requests he send him the cantaloupe seeds he talked about. Wants to talk about a system of patrols \"to try \u0026amp; keep our slaves at home.\" Says the slaves are stealing so much from them and taking it to Alexandria. Says everyone in the neighborhood of slave holders could contribute to hire 6 good men to patrol.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. New Charlestown to Richmond. Sends family news and gives advice as to her traveling home. Tells of someone about to die, and that Fanny Griggs' school is broken up.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Blakeley. Laments that it has been so long since she heard from him or his family and wonders when they will come to visit. Gives news about local people. Tells of the wonderful addition that Dr. A. put on his house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. \tBlakeley to Mount Vernon. Had a tooth extracted. News of friends and neighbors. Has had influenza for 10 days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. White House. Gives his legal opinion as to a dispute among them. First the fact that the seine was not received by Mr. Washington at the appointed time, necessitating many difficulties. Second, the Hoopers did not receive the required loom but are entitled to some compensation for work done. His judgment is for $275 for Mr. Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Hampstead, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses her love of gardening and the recent harvest. Says she likes the new teacher at a neighbor's house \"but she looks consumptive.\" Describes a monument to two boys.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.D.S. Fairfax County. Indicates full payment of judgment from JAW to William Mason.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses the route of the turnpike and that it should go through Mr. E's land. It would split it up, and so Mason wants to offer other alternatives. Much of the land is prone to flooding and marshy. It would be very expensive to put the road through that.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses his written ordinance about how to deal with people coming onto unenclosed land and hunting or fishing. Talks of a particular problem with land along waterways. Wants JAW to write to lawmakers and make this happen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Before the Legislature meets, he encloses a proposed measure to be enacted. Discusses counties to be included – all along the Potomac and Rappahanoc.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Rose Hill. Discusses the hiring of an African American boy to do odd jobs and will pay $15.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Discusses the sending of clover seed. Had a problem with old Henry who emptied some tailings for the hens near the clover, mixing some up. \"I think I never was more vexed with any human being in all my life.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Mason writes describing an incident he had with West Ford on his plantation. This remarkable letter highlights the way Ford, despite being a free man, was still treated like a slave by others: \"On the evening of the Monday after Whitsunday, I was about sunset standing at my stable, giving some orders for the morning's work, when there passed within three or four yards of me a Negro man, who I did not know, without touching his hat, or any other recognition of my presence. After he had passed, I called to him asking who he was, and who did he belong to? He walked on, taking no notice, until I repeated the question, when he said 'Washington.' I then said, I suppose you have a name, and can tell me what Mr. Washington you belong to? He replied, 'West Ford.' His manner was insolent and supposing he was drunk, I said to him, there is the road to the gate, go off my place at once… When he got to the corner of the house, he commenced whooping and continued doing so, till he got out of the gate, which I had to send and have closed after him. I said nothing further to him, as he was obviously drunk; but directed one of my servants to go and tell him never to put his foot on the place again… Had he been anyone's servant but yours, I shd. have immediately had him apprehended and flogged for his impertinence; but satisfied that it could only be necessary to report the facts to you, and that you would take measures to prevent his ever coming here again, or repeating it, I have taken no further steps in the matter.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear that JAW is no longer a magistrate of the county. Will do what he can to get Mr. Herbert elected magistrate, so he can form the patrol necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Heard that all will be done to keep out a Yankee for the office of Justice. Hopes Mr. Herbert will consent to serve.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Writes about the issue of county taxes which have become exceedingly high, mainly to pay for road construction. Found out that one group was destroying his trees and running a new road through his land to take business away from the turnpike.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.D.S. Acknowledges receipt of payment in full on her account for boots and shoes for various named men.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Tells him of the considerable debts ($2,169.80) of Cousin Hannah and wishes to know what is to be done about it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Urges him to do well in school and to board with the principal and not to associate with his old school mate Charles J.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Describes her trip home and the friends and family she visited on the way. Had friends to dine but had difficulty with the dinner as meat is scarce.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Just sent George to the Charlestown P.O. with a letter and check to him. Sorry to hear that Nelly is again sick.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes her feelings at the recent losses of children and Noblet. Tells of much sickness in the area. \"Old Jenny's was by far the severest case, one which Dr. C. intirely dispaired of. She is recovering which we are thankful for, tho' old and feeble, she is good and pious, and has considerable influence with her children and fellow servants.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Has attached a check for $200 to be paid to the Exchange Bank in Alexandria toward her debt of $700. Was sorry to hear of Nelly's illness. Gives other family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Discusses a recently recorded deed. Describes health concerns of her sister. Bad weather is affecting planting. At end of letter: \"Matilda, your woman at Harewood has had an infant and lost it. It died after suffering greatly from fits. Dr. Cordell attended it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  Has enclosed a check to be paid on her account with Mr. Hooff. Prices are low for horses and stock. Planting goes slowly. Gives family and friends news. Gives a recipe for quince jelly and marmalade. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny \u0026amp; West \u0026amp; … indeed all our household at M.V.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. A brief note requesting him to \"let George have money $2.50 to get a pair of boots.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is sending Jenny and Fanny and hopes they will be \"useful and conduct themselves well.\" His carpenter came by the day after he left wanting some money he was owed as he had a debt to pay. Wants to visit them but wants him to let her know \"whether or not it is desirable for me to go. I shall not be in the slightest degree either hurt or offended at my room being preferable to my company.\" \"Mr. Rutherford … declines keeping Sally another year. I have told Mr. Shepperd to look out for a good place for her but I really think you had better take her down and either keep her at M.V. under your own eye as milker and washer or hire her out there. I think she and Alfred or Gabriel had better make a match.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. All have been enjoying the visit from Augustine but regrets she and the children did not also come. Hannah is about to leave for New York for medical treatment, accompanied by Fanny. Thanks Louisa for the chow chow she made. News about a visit to cousin Ann Washington. Much talk of friends and family.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. \"Your kind mother always advances for me the money with which I travel to the upper country. I am making my arrangements to move rather earlier than usual this summer that I may have the advantage of Cousin Betsy Winter's company … I shall take Rosina with me who is a fine sensible, amiable girl of fourteen, rather handsome, but bashful and awkward. She looks badly now from a sort of bilious fever without chills, which hangs about her in despite of blue pile etc.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Anna writes of the death of an enslaved woman named Harry: \"she died on Monday last, after a short illness, inflammation of the brain and womb… Dr. Alexander and Straith examined her body and found the womb and other organs around it entirely diseased. Mother has lost a kind and faithful servant, a sincere tho humble friend. We shall all feel her loss, to mother it is irreparable, she has no servant who can take her place.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. Letter being carried by Randall, a slave, and tells of various people's health problems.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S.\t Hollin Hall to Mount Vernon. Has heard there is little chance of the law they want passing in this session of the Legislature. Gives his thoughts about future elections of people who will assist them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Wonders whether he has recovered his slave. If so \"make a stern and proper example.\" Tells Augustine to come to him for trials and punishments of slaves.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA.D.S. Autograph copy. Describes an ordinance stating consequences if anyone shall \"root, hunt, range, fish or fowl\" on private land.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The bulk of this collection is made up of letters from Jane Charlotte Washington to her son, John Augustine Washington III. Also included are letters to Eleanor Love Selden Washington, a few letters to or from John Augustine Washington III to various individuals, several letters from George Mason of Hollin Hall (1797-1870) to John Augustine Washington III, letters by Lackland and Alexander family members (relatives of the Washingtons) and three receipts. The subject matter of most letters is family or personal affairs and Mount Vernon business with some discussion of the enslaved people owned by the Washingtons. Inclusive dates are 1837 to 1861.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. Tells him of four family members with consumption. Also \"have no servant to dispose of who would suit her sister, unless Milly would be willing for one of her three elder daughters to go. It would be a sure and good home I believe.\" Discusses sale of corn crop and other family news. Mentions repairs being made by Mr. Skidmore at Mt. Vernon. We have two other letters dated 1837 November 23 and 1838 November 1 mentioning repairs made by Jesse Skidmore. In 1839 July 27, Lawrence Lewis paid Skidmore for work done on the new tomb at Mount Vernon.","A.L.S. She is enclosing another $10 note requesting it get charged and sent to her by him.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is unable to join him at Mount Vernon as her business would not fare well. Is sending a horse down as he is better fitted for the saddle than harness. Writes about sending him to Mount Vernon to \"relieve Maj. Lewis,\" who is working with Struthers and Strickland to build the new tomb. Writes of her \"deep veneration and gratitude to the memory of Genl Washington.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Upon her return home, she found things had not been taken care of on her farm. A fodder house for the cattle was not placed correctly at all. She encouraged her son to get a good education at Mr. Hallowell's school in Alexandria.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to inquire about an appointment for Lawrence Washington who needs employment. Inquires about his studies and the repairs on the \"old mansion.\" Gives some family news and wants him to call on Mary and Julia.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Reports on crop yields. Says there \"have been some difficulties between the overseer and the Negroes\" on the Mountain. Tells him of the impending purchase of a pair of draft horses. Talks of sending Willoughby and Gabriel to Mount Vernon, as well as Henry and Dolly. (This is likely Gabriel Johnson, about whom we have at least nine other letters in the collection.) Mentions letting his cousin have Jesse at \"whatever you think a reasonable price.\" Reports pork prices are down and is worried about the expenses of repairs to Mount Vernon. Was sorry to \"learn by a letter from West that our crop of corn at Mount Vernon has turned out so badly.\" Might need to employ West for another year. More family news and greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear of his illness and tells him to leave Mount Vernon in the hands of hirelings and not endanger his health further by riding there. Refers to reading about \"Mr. Calhoun's and Mr. Clay's conversations in the Senate on Mr. Calhoun's resolutions respecting abolition petitions.\" Much difficulty regarding Jessy – Cousin Jane has abandoned all idea of purchasing her.","A.L.S. with additional writing by Jane C. Washington. Blakeley. Tells of new animals being born, his schooling, and family news. Jane adds: glad to hear his schooling is going well. Asks if he participated in the February 22 celebration. Is sorry he gave up Greek. Wants him to send her a translation from Latin or French. Orders shoes to be made for Kitty.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She returned home safely and passes along some family news. Harvest had not been started, but since she returned they have begun on the wheat. Much gets lost by \"having inefficient hands as rakers,\" so she requests him to send Willoughby and Gabriel up immediately. \"Labourers cannot be procured, and wages are higher than ever before known to be.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes he will get to enjoy his job at the Library of the House of Representatives. Thinks it will be good for his future. She is unwell at present. Reports on Dr. Gates who is also not doing well.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is troubled about getting Richard to be an \"irregular Cadet\" or maybe to West Point. Reports on the death of Dr. Yates. Gives various instructions and requests.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes the water at White Sulphur Spring will prove beneficial. Describes a sermon on Communion Sunday and hopes he's hearing as good as that. Had a disappointing wheat crop. Contracted with Ford and Snyder for the crop. Gabriel is still there, with JAW's permission. Additional page from Aunt Judy Alexander, hoping he meets some young ladies.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants him to rent the Prospect Hill fields for three years to Mr. Anderson. George carried wheat and oats to him, as well as other items. Poor Tansel wants a place with him. He'll make rakes and \"I know he makes excellent shoes.\" Sends greetings to family.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She wants Maria and Augustine to return to Blakeley as both are sick. Is disturbed that cousin Jane means to keep Betty for the next year, despite knowing of the intention to send her to Mount Vernon. \"Shall I send Hannah or Sally down, or contend for Betty?\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She relates the difficult journey of his sister to Blakeley. Is glad he is feeling better. Writes about selling enslaved people: \"I am sorry to tell you Milly I understand is unfit for hire, and we shall be obliged to keep her at home. Mr. Rutherford… will take Sally. She is said to be a first rate manager, a strict tho kind mistress. She is to give $35. Hannah I have as yet had no offer for. Closely confined at home without a way of getting out, I have not had it in my power to look out places for our hirelings and do not like to offer them at public hire.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Glad he got rid of his chills. The horse cart is so much in use it cannot be sent down to Mount Vernon. Will send George, Edmund, and Betty to him. Still been unable to get a place for Hannah whose character does not stand well as to docility or usefulness. More instructions as to how to deal with various servants.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. \"Dr. A. has determined to keep the servants. I hope they will continue faithful and useful to him. Willoughby is a grumbler, but I am sure he has no just cause of complaint. Dr. A is a human and liberal master. I think you give a high price for your wagoner. Negroes have generally hired lower than usual this year. Hannah is at present laid up, sd. I not be able to get a good and safe place for her, I will send her down by the first safe opportunity.\" \"Remember me most kindly to all our Mount Vernon household – dear Old Jenny especially and West Ford.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She's so happy to hear from Dr. A that his health is much improved. Discusses financial difficulties. \"We must all practice strict economy.\" Sends family news.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County, Virginia. Discusses the current low price for wood and Dr. Alexander and his travels. Regrets the failure of Ford and Snyder. Wants her to settle for Hannah's support as West thinks that she has not been given anything to eat. Also wants to remind Dick of a pair of boots for Mr. Morgan. Phil and Jesse have been sick for some time.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She hopes his health improves. Discusses disorder on banks, making business difficult. Is sorry this happened at the beginning of his life in business but hopes it will teach him. Tells of harvests and yields and gives some family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She's so glad he has recovered his health. Will be able to get clover seed shortly. Wants to plant the 90 acre field with oats. Sends greetings to Cary. Was able to hire Hannah out until Christmas.","A.L.S. Blakeley. George is off to Mount Vernon with a wagon full of goods. Requests various items to be brought back by him. Hopes his health remains good. His sister wishes to have Caroline whom she has hired brought down to Mount Vernon. She might come up with George. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny – West's servant at Mount Vernon.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Sending this via Mr. Lamar requesting additional things for George to bring back. Describes a sermon given by Mr. Jones the previous Sunday. Hopes he will have \"our old establishment very clean white washed if not painted a little.\" Richard is not well but hopes he will join her when she goes down for a few days.","A.L.S. He is mortified that JAW might have been offended at not having received an invitation to dine with him, which was sent with a \"silly servant.\" He always values having his company and sends him some rhubarb with instructions as to its preparation.","A.L.S. Blakeley. George arrived safely yesterday afternoon. Disappointed various items from Mr. Hooff were not sent but instead sent via canal. Discusses prices of some items. Thanks him for fruit sent. Tells him to do what he thinks best with the greenhouse.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is anxiously awaiting the arrival of his hands from Mount Vernon as George Saunders Ned and Lewis are all laid up. Marie and Mary Jane are incapable of working out. Harvest has commenced. Wants him to send a barrel of white sand for plastering the pillars in the brick portico. Hopes he will come soon. Sends family greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She had a good journey home with pleasant visits with friends on the way. \"You have a partial friend in Mr. S. altho' I think he would be pleased if you did not speak quite so loud.\" Richard says a man wants to rent the P.H. Farm but is unwilling to pay the terms requested. Describes two sermons she heard. Wants him to look in the study for letters which Uncle Bushrod says must be there.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Writes with suggestions for the furniture and carpet at Mount Vernon. She specifically mentions the \"little drawing room,\" \"parlor,\" \"front passage,\" \"little room,\" and \"old dining room.\" Fears she shall be left more largely in debt than ever yet been. A Dutch farmer wants to rent P. Hole farm.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Gives some financial information. \"If the work is all finished at Mount Vernon both Harry and Fanny had better come but if there is still any thing for Fanny to do, she can remain.\" Requests items to be brought up, including lemons and oranges. Family news, including that Uncle Bushrod remains confined to his couch.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not heard from him. Ordered various building supplies. Financial times are very difficult and strict economy is necessary. Will send him some of her horses until his can be matched. Since Mary Jane is sick, Fanny should return to care for her. \"Remember me most kindly to my Old Jenny and West.\"","A.L.S. Walnut Farm to Mount Vernon. She returned home on Saturday and deplored the roads in Harpers Ferry. \"It seems Mr. John Selden is anxious to purchase Harriet. She was appraised at $400 with her child. She is said to be an excellent servant, and if you can get her in place of Hannah, Julia, or Sally, I think you had better do so. Julia is now at Blakely, having laid up and then come off without Lake's permission… Dr. Cordell has been called out to see her twice and from his prescription I rather suppose thinks very little except hysteria ails her.\" Discusses crops and a sermon and sends family greetings.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has not been feeling well at all lately. Has heard from Cousin Lorenzo Lewis that Augustine looks very well. She would have liked to have heard that from him or his wife. \"The servants are becoming more and more worthless and disobedient. I really find it very difficult to govern them, or to have the most necessary domestic work attended to with any regularity.\" Family news. Wants him to send Harry up before harvest.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She's glad to hear that he and Nelly are doing so well. Much family news. \"Remember me very kindly to my good and faithful Jenny and Harry, also West and Eliza.\"","A.L.S. Bath to Blakeley. She is in Bath for the waters. It is very crowded, and all the houses are full. Heard two good sermons but then was ill again.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  She is concerned about poor Jenny and hopes the operation will give her a better chance of recovery. Many family members are ill. Another description of a sermon she heard.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She tells of travel difficulties. Relates some gossip. Made a deal for some provisions, but nothing has been delivered. She advanced the man $150. Family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lots of news about family and friends. Also mentions Hannah and Rebecca being still invalids and that Thomas has again gone to Maryland. \"The boys have bought a wagon and two or three servants.\"","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. She wants to know if certain lawyers are in Alexandria or Washington. Also wishes to subscribe to the Audubon works and asks him to see to that.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been anxious at not hearing from him. Wants him to send the rent check for $500 as soon as possible. Wants him to send the fish via the Misses Moore's boats on the canal. Mentions the subject of Julia's purchase. Family and friend news. Additional page following receipt of his letter. Sorry the fishery has been unsuccessful. Due to drought the strawberries gave poor yield.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She received the check from him. His carpenter is unwilling to go to Mount Vernon before late next autumn due to the climate there. Has tried to find out why the fish and shingles he was to send have not been found on the wharves for the Misses Moore's boats to bring.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon. Deals with settling the estate of Mr. Selden. Discusses his purchase of Mary, an enslaved woman who seems to be quite ill and therefore not worth more than $50 or $60. His wife does not want her sold away. Also wants to sell the corn crop at Exeter.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is glad he was able to go to Philadelphia. Mentions the death of the wife of Lewis Washington. His sister was with her at her death, and Jane was there through the funeral. Is anxious about Charles' daughter Catherine who was sent via stage to Mrs. Page who did not want her after all and seems unwilling to pay the stage driver for her passage. Discusses the hiring of a German gardener for Mount Vernon. Wants him to send a shoe she left at Mount Vernon and a quantity of cotton.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She is busy with pork business and will send two barrels of hams and one of lard. Complains about his brother and his wife coming without replying to her as to when they would arrive. Says her health is very infirm.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the articles send, including oysters and ducks. Discusses sale of corn and is keeping some back to get a better price in the spring. Gives family news and that Captain Symington \"is stationed at H.F. where the government intends having erected barracks for him.\" Discusses the benefits of religion. Wants him to give a \"piece of old bacon/shoulders to West, Jenny and Phill.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Lengthy discussion of the purchase of a house by Dr. Alexander and his sister. The finances of this are described.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is \"sorry to hear of the disturbances among the negroes, especially poor Alfred. I think you had better sell him. Perhaps you might do it advantageously to some one in Richmond, who wants a capable and trustworthy servant. I am told Jim is very much distressed at parting with his son. If the purchaser of Alfred is willing to take Jim and he wishes to go, I have no objection to it.\" Discusses various crop prices. Reports the death of one child from scarlet fever and how it sickens many in Charleston.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Discusses a few financial matters. \"Hannah was sick \u0026 soon gave birth to a still born infant a boy. It was a mercy the event occurred for decomposition had commenced.\" People are still getting sick with scarlet fever.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes the symptoms and illness with scarlet fever of Julia. She will be unable to attend Jane Davis's wedding. \"I have been in a most unsettled state for a long time. It seems difficult to get my family matters and business settled into any regular method again.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Julia Alexander died from scarlet fever. Others are also ill. She will not come to Mount Vernon for fear of bringing the disease with her and wants him to collect rents due her and pay various bills from that and send the rest to her.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discussion of finances and sale of stock. Gives medical advice to him for various people. Tells of recent election – not more than half of either party voted. Uncle Bushrod is going to Maryland to attend a meeting of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has \"the severest attack of Influenza I have had for two years.\" Kitty has discarded Lt. Hooe due to his poor conduct. Describes drought conditions badly affecting crops.","A.L.S. Draft copy. Mount Vernon. Refuses permission to bring a party of military people to Mount Vernon by water. Does not want boats to dock there, but will allow them to enter if they arrive by land.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had much sickness. \"Thompson, Jerry and Mingo laid up; in consequence of which George is driving the wagon… Am now endeavoring to save what apples remain on the trees and prepare winter clothing for the servants.\" Wants him to come visit.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Have had an unusual degree of sickness. \"Poor old Mingo is thought to be dying!... Berkeley, Jerry, and Thompson are still on the sick list.\" Tells of death of a neighbor who shot himself by accident as he was mounting his horse. Is unable to bring the wheat to the mill as the mill was \"dangerously full.\" Describes a difficult journey by his aunt. At end \"Mingo is Dead.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She was still too ill at Christmas to visit others. \"We have still four or five cases of typhoid fever at the quarters. Charlotte among them she is still very sick. The Dr. hopes a favourable change has taken place in Selina, Saul and Jerry. Mary came out today. I have taken Sophy home and hope to be able to get on with her under Fanny's superintendance.\" Other descriptions of moving enslaved people around. Relates episode of Julia having escaped from Cousin H. and coming to her.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him Col. and Mrs. Davenport intend to visit him at Mount Vernon. Wants them to entertain them well. Discusses politics – \"the great question of Annexation.\" Mr. Rivers' speech was a great production. \"He feels as we do, the waning power of our once great \u0026 noble state.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She returned from a ride feeling quite well again. Describes a beautiful snowfall. \"I am sorry to hear you have still sickness among your servants. It is also the case here, new cases constantly occuring. The Dr. has been a daily visiter with the exception of two or three days. Milly's youngest child is now ill.\" Describes the death of his cousin. Other family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Describes her journey home from Mount Vernon, visiting friends on the way. \"Richard … is going Missouri and wishes to purchase Negroes to take with him. He has yet made no offer for Caroline, tho' we understand he wishes to get her. She I am told is averse to going.\" Describes a sermon and exhorts him to read the Bible. Family information. \"Excuse this blotted ill written scrawl. Read and burn it.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses the naming of his new baby girl. Nelly wanted to name her after Jane, but she thought she should be named after Nelly's recently deceased grandmother. Tells of financial difficulties of Dr. A. and the prices of crops. After her signature – \"Destroy this letter.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Writes to discuss ways to assist Dr. A. \"out of his present difficulties.\" Wants him to come visit soon with the family.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses a large christenings in church. Relates tale of two men who recently died from intemperance. Also tells plans for an upcoming wedding and where various guests will stay.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has yet to hear back from him in answer to her letter about Dr. A. Tells him of what she wants to do for him. Gives instructions as to how he should travel to visit her with the family.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants to send George with the carriage to bring her and the children. Describes dancing by various people. Wants to receive some financial records.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Tells him of money placed in bank \"for servants sold… (Humphrey, Shedrack, Thompson, Caroline, Little Daniel, Margaret, and John).\" \"I am not well and feel a good deal agitated at the sale tho' I believe it will be better for all concerned but it is distressing to break up families by sales.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sending notes to him and hopes he will return as soon as he arranges this business. Nelly and the girls are well, though Lou has still a cough.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Misses the family and tells of items that were left during their last visit. Much rain has kept her from church. Maria sent jars of quince jelly for her. Gives family news and describes some roses. Sends message to Augustine \"to write to his old and now very unimportant mother.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes family members' travels. Not a good wheat crop. Discusses the estate of Mr. Foote and how it treats his wife. Talks about the American B.S. and its efforts to bring the Bible to 10,000 families who have none. Asks him to pay some bills for her.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on getting much ice stored in his ice house as \"it is a luxury, essential to health, and economy in domestic management.\" \"I believe slaves will become less and less valuable; and unless we keep them in the hope of being able to liberate and provide for them: for pecuniary interest, it is best to own, only as many as are necessary for the ordinary work of our farms.\" Many hams were spoilt, so they cannot offer any.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Much sickness in the early spring of cholera. Many people unable to work – Old Jenny, Maria and Dick, Lewis and George obliged to plough. Her cook Eliza has a crippled sore arm. Sophy, Joe, and Little Tom have been helping with many guests. Much discussion of weather.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Tells of various charges Richard made on his behalf. The weather has badly affected the crops. Wants to travel to Chicago in the summer. \"Richard has purchased West's little farm… West intends going West.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear about his return of chills. Their diet has been quite poor with a lack of vegetables and fresh meat. Thanks him for the check he sent, but he forgot to sign it. Describes another sermon. Requests him to send cypress shingles as soon as possible as the house leaks when it rains.","A.L.S. Mount Vernon to Charlestown, Jefferson County. Discusses failure to purchase mules at auction. He is unable to procure the peaches she wanted in Alexandria as many fruits have already fallen off the trees. West Ford said they needed some double shovel ploughs to put in the wheat.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Baltimore. She is sorry to hear of Lou's \"hooping cough.\" Other family news. Long description of Mr. Tacker and his vision of his impending death. Is sorry that Augustine is alone at Mount Vernon with the servants who have been \"a source of disquiet and distress to him.\"","Summerville, Gloucester County, Virginia to Alexandria. Tells him of a property coming for sale in the area. Also wants to make bricks and needs a \"responsible white man to superintend.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Congratulates him on the birth of another daughter. Gives news of Richard.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Nelly is recovering from childbirth, and the baby thrives. Nelly wishes him to remind Miss Entwisle about the dresses.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Gives prices of bushels of wheat from Mr. Burns and Mr. Snyder.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a wedding and the young guests at the dinner. Discusses an Irishman who came to sell her tablecloths which she did not want. Letter was written over several days. She really misses the family.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Won't give him the family news as she just passed that along to Nelly in a very recent letter. Thanks him for paying her bills. Discusses rental of the Ferry Landing fisheries and wants to rent to Mr. Whitall. Will let him decide whether to increase the fisheries.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Entreats him to take it easy in the winter. They have had much snow. Uncle Bushrod has much ice stored away and offered some to her as her pond had a defect which caused it to drain. Discusses finances. He may rent out North Farm. \"I fear however you will have many difficulties and vexations if you let the servants go with the farm.\" Tells of his sister having a tumour under her arm. Also their church burned. Tells him of the death of her true friend Mrs. Adams.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes different people reading the will. Hopes his brother and family reached Mount Vernon safely. \"I think if the ladies attend the Inauguration of our brave honest chief, they had better join Mrs. Madison – who I am sure would be gratified at their so doing, and render their visit much more agreeable.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Has been anxiously awaiting a reply from him to her letter of a month ago. Wants to know when the monuments would be brought to Mount Vernon and the sum of money to be obtained. Is sending George with barrels containing hams and some apples. Wants him to return with the horses only, leaving the carriage. There was a fire at Hannah's house which was extinguished.","A.L.S. Gives much family news. Discusses lower prices for wheat and increasing the salary of the woman who must cook for Mr. Graham and all who are on the farm. Wants his help hiring a new overseer.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is waiting to hear from him as to the overseer and waiting to see if Mr. Graham will accept the terms offered. \"Richard intends hiring out the hands he employed on the farm hoping to derive more clear profit from the Hires than he has received from the farm.\" Questions whether she should do anything about the deed for Mount Vernon drawn up. His sister Maria continues to look quite ill.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Snyder has delivered in mill his rent wheat. Writes that she is sending the deed to Mount Vernon, which has officially been signed over to him. Discusses an interesting trial in Charlestown. \"A Negro hired by Anderson … made an assault on Anderson for which he was committed and is today to be tried. The gentlemen all seemed to consider the issue of high importance. It certainly is to the miserable prisoner whose fate will be selling, transportation, or Death! I trust the decision will be merciful.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Writes about acquiring copies of the free papers for a formerly enslaved man named William Lyons. He is hoping to travel to Tennessee to visit his parents. Tells him his sister continues to do poorly.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Relates the sending of the deed conveying Mount Vernon to him. Is preparing to have Maria come stay for a while.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Maria has been there for a week and continues to be very ill. Tells him his tenants have not honoured his orders. More family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Discusses difficulties with the harvest and procuring labourers. Dr. Alexander hired a tutor for Charlotte who is very well thought of. More neighborhood and family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Nelly will soon be able to travel and recommends she drink a tea (\"it can no doubt be had at Stablers\") as the best remedy in her case. \"The servants … are very much alarmed in regard to cholera.\" Wants him to get some good port and M. Wine. She can get good whiskey in C-town.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is very glad of the dividend declared by the Alexandria Bank. They have had severe colds but not cholera.","A.L.S. Caledon to Mount Vernon. Writing from Caledon and describes journey there. Their trunk did not arrive with them, so they have no change of clothes. Tells stories from the boat trip.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Much family news. Tells him a cousin died shortly after their visit. Richard \"seems to be a very happy man, he surely is blest in his wife \u0026 eight children.\" Dr. A has acquired an excellent housekeeper.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of Annie ill with scarlet fever and how the doctor has her rubbed with a piece of raw fat bacon. Is now much improved. Was in care of Miss Gantt, the housekeeper, whom she praises highly. Wishes she could have heard Miss Lind sing at Mount Vernon. Describes a sermon. More news about friends and relatives.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes the symptoms of \"our dear little John\" and is sure something is wrong with his spine. Tells of the route of the turnpike and how it will cut off some of his woodland. Much news about family and acquaintances. Is very pleased with \"our young minister\" and hopes his teachings will help everyone.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Top portion of first page cut away, incomplete letter. Wants him to see the plans for the turnpike as it might cut through his land. Mrs. Briscoe's son would like to visit Mount Vernon and will bring any letter or package there.","A.L.S. Blakeley. More on the Turnpike passing through his farm. Entreats him to not bring forward tempting articles which are stimulating and exciting during his brother's visit. She is unable to visit due to pressing business.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Met Dr. Alexander and family before church and invited them to dinner. Encloses a letter from Mrs. Moran who would like to stay at Mount Vernon on her way to visit Jane. Is sending George with fish to be pickled. Sends remembrances to \"your maids Sarah, Eliza, Fanny and Amanda.\"","A.L.S. Thanks him for the fish and oysters sent by wagon. George did not properly stack items on the wagon, and much was damaged. The prayer book for Louisa has finally arrived and will be sent as soon as possible.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Discusses difficulties of Mr. Whitall and the fishery. Hopes to collect from Snyder and will send it to him. News about friends and family. Finished planting corn. Had snow recently.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him she got $200 from Mr. Rutherford which will be deposited in a bank in Charlestown. He informed them that the roof of the barn is in need of repair. Gives family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Wants Nelly and the children to visit after harvest and will send George with the carriage to get them. Hopes Augustine will be friends with Mr. Moran. Has been sick and taken \"an unusual quantity of opium for me.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is glad his servants have recovered and \"that you … have not suffered from your humane and close attendance on them.\" Was sorry to hear that Ephraim had fallen a victim. Tells him of a good friend who seems to be recovering. Gives a recipe for a remedy. Talks about the harvest and the various servants who are working on it. Is considering renting out her farm though she would retain part. Tells of Hannah's health.","A.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Urges her not to think too much of home and to apply herself to her books and music. Gives family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is happy to hear they are all healthy. Relates family news and gives him business advice. Describes hearing a musician. Discusses Mr. Rutherford and his acquiring bone dust to use as fertilizer.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was so sorry to learn of the disaster that occurred to the vessel that was taking his wheat to market. Describes her journey home. At end, thanks him for the venison.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is so sorry about his heavy loss and prays that God will help him through it. More family news about various people being ill.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a sermon on intemperance. Discusses health problems of John and hopes he will improve when the weather gets better. Much family news.","A.L.S. Springland to Staunton, Virginia. Tells her that her last two letters appear to have been robbed. Gives news about her mother, grandmother, and sister.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Hopes Augustine is recovering. Much sickness in her house. Sent a new plough to Augustine. Hopes it arrives in time. Other family news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes a visit from Mrs. Powel and various other family members. Wants part of the rent on the fishery to go toward the purchase of a piano for Louisa and the rest sent to her to pay off some debts. Sends love to all and reports on a few deaths.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to the visit from him and his family in July. Describes harvesting of wheat and rye after much rain. Both had much desired Mr. Fillmore's election to the presidency. Wants Noblet to return from California.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is enclosing some stock certificates to Mr. Eaches to be her attorney. Glad Nelly and the children are safely home. Tells of the loss of Richard and Christian's children.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to Augustine's visit. Invited Kitty to spend the winter with her, but she will go elsewhere. News about various acquaintances. The disagreeable pork business is done, and she is sending three barrels of pippins via boat.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Thanks him for the $200 check which enabled her to pay her tax bill. Is again concerned about Noblet. Tells of Kitty Wright's trip to Winchester where her companion became ill with typhoid fever. Kitty \"is now with us, with three lovely children, and a good coloured girl (a slave) the one whom she hired.\" All her friends send their love.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. \"Gabriel has sent in to say he wishes to set off tomorrow on his return home.\" Tells of much family with her at Christmas time.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. She has been awaiting his visit and wonders about the cause of the delay. Still no news about Noblet. Tells of returning Annie Burnett home after she came into Richard's pew in church and wanted to come home with her. The next day she returned home.","A.L.S. Blakeley to Mount Vernon. Put $600 in bank to his credit. Kitty and her three children left with Sophy replacing the other nurse who has been ill for the children","A.L.S. Blakeley. There is much whooping cough going around with so far one death. The weather is very fine, and there are many flowers. Glad to hear the fisheries are doing well. Describes her visit to Walnut Farm and the people she saw while there. Asks if he has seen the Masonic oration on the \"centennial commemoration of the initiation of George Washington into the order of free Masons.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She was sorry to hear about the hail storm they had. Celebrated Hannah's birthday. Will send this letter with William Lyons who is leaving to see Augustine. Other family and friend news.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is so glad Eliza is recovered. So sad about the death of Dr. Powel. More news about impending visits. General Duvall will be in Washington soon and would like to see Augustine so he could become \"acquainted with many of the influential members from the South \u0026 West, with whom he wishes you to become acquainted in case you still determine on disposing of M.V.\"","A.L.S. \tBlakeley. Wants either a visit from them or for her to visit them before winter sets in. She had quite a pleasant visit to New York and Philadelphia. Tells him of climbing 180 steps of the Washington Monument in Baltimore and having a beautiful view. Glad they have obtained a governess for the girls.","A.L.S. Blakeley. She is sorry Nelly is sick but will be unable to come down until after Christmas. Has several articles brought from N.Y. for \"my deal g.children at M.V.\"","A.L.S. Tells him of a deposit in bank for his use. Grieved to learn Eliza continues in feeble health. Visited Walnut Farm and heard from Dr. Alexander that \"the financial affairs of our church are in a very confused \u0026 entangled state.\" Looking forward to her trip to New York.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Paid $200 on stock note at bank. Is anxious about his brother determining to go to Housekeeping \u0026 renting Col. Devenport's House. He will still be at Blakeley every day. She has been suffering from dyspepsia. Glad to hear the governess gives satisfaction. Reference to Miss Nancy at Walnut Farm, who \"is not only a good house keeper but also understands gardening.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells him Mr. and Mrs. Depau intend visiting Mount Vernon, along with their son. Richard and family left for their new home and are much missed. She feels quite anxious to see her \"dear children at M.V. especially my grandson whose name I am as yet unacquainted with.\" Says two of our Cedar lawn cousins are to be married. \"The servants have been divided \u0026 the Cedar Lawn will be sold.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Sympathizes with the delayed visit due to the sickness of the family \"and death of your valuable and good young servant Dennis. It is a severe affliction to his poor mother. He was I think her youngest child.\" Is most anxious to see her grandson Lawrence. Had a visit from his brother and Christian and their son John. Went by invitation to Mr. Lovel's school where pupils delivered speeches and addresses. Wants the family to visit and will have rooms fixed up for them. Sends \"kind regards to your good \u0026 faithful servant Eliza, Danny \u0026 Sarah.\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Looks forward to a shipment of \"Nellies Pickled Rockfish\" to share with neighbours \u0026 friends. Discusses planting of crops. Will visit him and his family \"this day week,\"","A.L.S. Blakeley. Describes her trip back home from Mount Vernon. Everyone is harvesting but having difficulty obtaining sufficient hands for the task.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Tells of the sudden death of Mrs. Selden and the funeral. Mentions harvests and addition to his house Dr. A. is doing. Wants to see him and the family. Mr. Rutherford wishes to renew his lease on the farm.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Hopes Maria's arm heals well and that he received the two barrels of oats she sent. Gives news about family. Tells of \"our beloved Charlotte\" taking communion and becoming a member of the church.","A.L.S. Blakeley.  She is so sorry that Richard is ill but glad that Augustine is with him. Tells of George's illness. Gives more family news and hopes to see the family soon.","A.L.S. Requests he send him the cantaloupe seeds he talked about. Wants to talk about a system of patrols \"to try \u0026 keep our slaves at home.\" Says the slaves are stealing so much from them and taking it to Alexandria. Says everyone in the neighborhood of slave holders could contribute to hire 6 good men to patrol.","A.L.S. New Charlestown to Richmond. Sends family news and gives advice as to her traveling home. Tells of someone about to die, and that Fanny Griggs' school is broken up.","A.L.S. Blakeley. Laments that it has been so long since she heard from him or his family and wonders when they will come to visit. Gives news about local people. Tells of the wonderful addition that Dr. A. put on his house.","A.L.S. \tBlakeley to Mount Vernon. Had a tooth extracted. News of friends and neighbors. Has had influenza for 10 days.","A.L.S. White House. Gives his legal opinion as to a dispute among them. First the fact that the seine was not received by Mr. Washington at the appointed time, necessitating many difficulties. Second, the Hoopers did not receive the required loom but are entitled to some compensation for work done. His judgment is for $275 for Mr. Washington.","A.L.S. Hampstead, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses her love of gardening and the recent harvest. Says she likes the new teacher at a neighbor's house \"but she looks consumptive.\" Describes a monument to two boys.","A.D.S. Fairfax County. Indicates full payment of judgment from JAW to William Mason.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses the route of the turnpike and that it should go through Mr. E's land. It would split it up, and so Mason wants to offer other alternatives. Much of the land is prone to flooding and marshy. It would be very expensive to put the road through that.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Discusses his written ordinance about how to deal with people coming onto unenclosed land and hunting or fishing. Talks of a particular problem with land along waterways. Wants JAW to write to lawmakers and make this happen.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Before the Legislature meets, he encloses a proposed measure to be enacted. Discusses counties to be included – all along the Potomac and Rappahanoc.","A.L.S. Rose Hill. Discusses the hiring of an African American boy to do odd jobs and will pay $15.","A.L.S. Discusses the sending of clover seed. Had a problem with old Henry who emptied some tailings for the hens near the clover, mixing some up. \"I think I never was more vexed with any human being in all my life.\"","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Mason writes describing an incident he had with West Ford on his plantation. This remarkable letter highlights the way Ford, despite being a free man, was still treated like a slave by others: \"On the evening of the Monday after Whitsunday, I was about sunset standing at my stable, giving some orders for the morning's work, when there passed within three or four yards of me a Negro man, who I did not know, without touching his hat, or any other recognition of my presence. After he had passed, I called to him asking who he was, and who did he belong to? He walked on, taking no notice, until I repeated the question, when he said 'Washington.' I then said, I suppose you have a name, and can tell me what Mr. Washington you belong to? He replied, 'West Ford.' His manner was insolent and supposing he was drunk, I said to him, there is the road to the gate, go off my place at once… When he got to the corner of the house, he commenced whooping and continued doing so, till he got out of the gate, which I had to send and have closed after him. I said nothing further to him, as he was obviously drunk; but directed one of my servants to go and tell him never to put his foot on the place again… Had he been anyone's servant but yours, I shd. have immediately had him apprehended and flogged for his impertinence; but satisfied that it could only be necessary to report the facts to you, and that you would take measures to prevent his ever coming here again, or repeating it, I have taken no further steps in the matter.\"","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia to Mount Vernon. Sorry to hear that JAW is no longer a magistrate of the county. Will do what he can to get Mr. Herbert elected magistrate, so he can form the patrol necessary.","A.L.S. Spring Bank, Virginia. Heard that all will be done to keep out a Yankee for the office of Justice. Hopes Mr. Herbert will consent to serve.","A.L.S. Writes about the issue of county taxes which have become exceedingly high, mainly to pay for road construction. Found out that one group was destroying his trees and running a new road through his land to take business away from the turnpike.","A.D.S. Acknowledges receipt of payment in full on her account for boots and shoes for various named men.","A.L.S. Tells him of the considerable debts ($2,169.80) of Cousin Hannah and wishes to know what is to be done about it.","A.L.S. Urges him to do well in school and to board with the principal and not to associate with his old school mate Charles J.","A.L.S. Describes her trip home and the friends and family she visited on the way. Had friends to dine but had difficulty with the dinner as meat is scarce.","A.L.S. Just sent George to the Charlestown P.O. with a letter and check to him. Sorry to hear that Nelly is again sick.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Describes her feelings at the recent losses of children and Noblet. Tells of much sickness in the area. \"Old Jenny's was by far the severest case, one which Dr. C. intirely dispaired of. She is recovering which we are thankful for, tho' old and feeble, she is good and pious, and has considerable influence with her children and fellow servants.\"","A.L.S. Has attached a check for $200 to be paid to the Exchange Bank in Alexandria toward her debt of $700. Was sorry to hear of Nelly's illness. Gives other family news.","A.L.S. Discusses a recently recorded deed. Describes health concerns of her sister. Bad weather is affecting planting. At end of letter: \"Matilda, your woman at Harewood has had an infant and lost it. It died after suffering greatly from fits. Dr. Cordell attended it.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon.  Has enclosed a check to be paid on her account with Mr. Hooff. Prices are low for horses and stock. Planting goes slowly. Gives family and friends news. Gives a recipe for quince jelly and marmalade. \"Remember me most kindly to Jenny \u0026 West \u0026 … indeed all our household at M.V.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. A brief note requesting him to \"let George have money $2.50 to get a pair of boots.\"","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. She is sending Jenny and Fanny and hopes they will be \"useful and conduct themselves well.\" His carpenter came by the day after he left wanting some money he was owed as he had a debt to pay. Wants to visit them but wants him to let her know \"whether or not it is desirable for me to go. I shall not be in the slightest degree either hurt or offended at my room being preferable to my company.\" \"Mr. Rutherford … declines keeping Sally another year. I have told Mr. Shepperd to look out for a good place for her but I really think you had better take her down and either keep her at M.V. under your own eye as milker and washer or hire her out there. I think she and Alfred or Gabriel had better make a match.\"","A.L.S. All have been enjoying the visit from Augustine but regrets she and the children did not also come. Hannah is about to leave for New York for medical treatment, accompanied by Fanny. Thanks Louisa for the chow chow she made. News about a visit to cousin Ann Washington. Much talk of friends and family.","A.L.S. \"Your kind mother always advances for me the money with which I travel to the upper country. I am making my arrangements to move rather earlier than usual this summer that I may have the advantage of Cousin Betsy Winter's company … I shall take Rosina with me who is a fine sensible, amiable girl of fourteen, rather handsome, but bashful and awkward. She looks badly now from a sort of bilious fever without chills, which hangs about her in despite of blue pile etc.\"","A.L.S. Anna writes of the death of an enslaved woman named Harry: \"she died on Monday last, after a short illness, inflammation of the brain and womb… Dr. Alexander and Straith examined her body and found the womb and other organs around it entirely diseased. Mother has lost a kind and faithful servant, a sincere tho humble friend. We shall all feel her loss, to mother it is irreparable, she has no servant who can take her place.\"","A.L.S. Letter being carried by Randall, a slave, and tells of various people's health problems.","A.L.S.\t Hollin Hall to Mount Vernon. Has heard there is little chance of the law they want passing in this session of the Legislature. Gives his thoughts about future elections of people who will assist them.","A.L.S. To Mount Vernon. Wonders whether he has recovered his slave. If so \"make a stern and proper example.\" Tells Augustine to come to him for trials and punishments of slaves.","A.D.S. Autograph copy. Describes an ordinance stating consequences if anyone shall \"root, hunt, range, fish or fowl\" on private land."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Mason, George, 1797-1870","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Tabb, John Prosser","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Alexander, William Fontaine, 1811-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Mason, George, 1797-1870","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Tabb, John Prosser","Alexander, Judith Ball Blackburn, 1796-1866","Alexander, William Fontaine, 1811-1862","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Alexander, Anna Maria Washington, 1817-1850"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":168,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:53:35.669Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_76"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his wife Eleanor Love Selden. The letters begin during the Washingtons' engagement and continues through eighteen years of marriage, ending with a letter from John Augustine to Eleanor composed the day prior to her sudden death. The letters contain information on family matters, the management of the Mount Vernon estate, and plantation life prior to the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_57.xml","title_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence"],"title_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1842-1860"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1842-1860"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.528"],"text":["RM.528","John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Saw Dr. Powell on Thursday. Cases of bilious fever. Arrangements for slave Eliza's return to Mount Vernon. Crabs are \"disappearing very rapidly.\"","The collection is arranged first by letters written by John Augustine Washington III, organized chronologically, and second by letters written by Eleanor Love Selden Washington, organized chronologically.","John Augustine Washington III (1821-1861): John Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington (1824-1860): Born April 12, 1824 to Wilson Cary Selden and Louisa Elizabeth Fontaine Alexander Selden, \"Nelly\" married John Augustine Washington III on February 16, 1843. Together, they had seven children: Louisa, Jane Charlotte (\"Jenny\"), Eliza (\"Lily\"), Anna Maria, Lawrence, Eleanor (\"Nelly\"), and George. She died from childbirth October 9, 1860.","Bushrod Washington Family Papers ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection","The collection contains correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his wife Eleanor Love Selden. The letters begin during the Washingtons' engagement and continues through eighteen years of marriage, ending with a letter from John Augustine to Eleanor composed the day prior to her sudden death. The letters contain information on family matters, the management of the Mount Vernon estate, and plantation life prior to the Civil War.","Expresses his happiness at receiving Nelly's letters and love for her. \"I do not object to the whole world knowing that I love you.\"","Must defer visit to Exeter for four or five days due to appointments. His mother will visit Nelly on her way up to Leesburg.","Feels pain at parting from Nelly. Cousin William [Turner] distraught over his intention to marry Betty [Selden].","Arrived Christmas day. Distressed at being apart from Nelly. Saw the family at Mount Ida [Wilson Cary Selden, Sr.'s family] on Saturday.","Love letter. \"…as the dearest moments of my life have been with you, so the happiest hopes that my soul can form, have you for their reigning star.\"","Will probably not see or hear from Nelly until their wedding. Discredits stories that his relative Thomas Turner mistreated his family and servants.","Is unable to return to Jefferson until the middle or end of next week. Gives instructions for Dick [Richard Blackburn Washington] regarding delivery of wheat, receipts, and a shingles order. Mentions Bushrod Washington and West Ford.","Changed route after leaving Nelly. Hopes Nelly recovers from her headaches. Did she get the box from Stabler's safely?","\"Time hangs heavily on me when you are absent…\" Updates on relations. A new academy is to be built opposite Mr. Burr Harrison's. Leaves for Jefferson tomorrow.","\"…not having been aware of my right to vote out of the county in which I resided, at the Presidential election I made arrangements to return home…\" Hyacinths planted.","His case came up in Court and estate committed to Augustine's hands. Encloses ten dollars to entertain Dick and Christian Washington. Two or three snowstorms since his arrival at Blakeley. Scarlet fever prevailing.","Scarlet fever disappeared. Direct West [Ford] to tell William Hayes to procure eggs or chickens, \"but know the price beforehand, or he will charge you double.\"","Absence of Gabriel and desertion of some of the hired hands. Has decided not to sell Gabriel. \"If it were possible to without them [slaves], I do not think I could own one, but situated as we are, landed property would be almost valueless without them, and it is a matter of necessity to have their labor.\"","Sowing wheat. \"I have never had soft crabs in perfection before.\" Asks if mother [Jane C. B. Washington] has received money on his wheat. Offers two sets of names for Dick and Christian Washington's daughter.","Sale of Exeter will not take place until spring. Dr. Alexander struggling with debt.","\"I have not seen our friends here, but hear that Bentley bought Cousin Eliza's negroes at $1,200.00.\"","Mother [Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington] ill. His letter will be taken to Nelly \"by two negro men who I have purchased, and by Julia whom I send down. I wish West to set them to getting rails…\"","\"I left the negroes I got in Alexandria, where I had an offer of $650.00 for them from a negro trader, but I prefer selling to a private person if I can do so. I found several of the servants sick, and Phil who was very low, died this evening.\"","Servants recovering. Nelly's cloak was dyed mazarine blue. Shall begin seeding wheat.","West [Ford] has taken sick this morning. \"The stockings and socks for the negroes are nearly done…The coat patterns are eaten up by the rats…\"","Got up to Blakeley night before last accompanied by Charles Washington. \"I have the prospect of employing an overseer for next year.\"","He has been trying to procure signatures for a \"petition for the division of our county.\" The sale of Woodlawn and the Quakers who are to settle on it.","Received Nelly's letter of September 18th. Has succeeded in obtaining an overseer \"at the rate of one hundred and fifty dollars a year.\"","Relates journey to Blakeley. Was delayed as Turbeville Stuart had typhus or nervous fever. Pneumonia and typhoid fever \"prevailing through this neighborhood.\"","Augustine is losing his overseer due to his marriage to a widow, Ms. Spence. Discusses case at the Alexandria Superior Court.","\"Between pleasant company and bad weather I was detained in the lower country some days longer than I expected.\" Pleased with Gloucester. Disappointed in Old Point. Gabriel's duties and tasks.","Has been twice at church. Hopes Nelly received a package with silk, a bottle with slips, and peach stones. Preserves and pickles are done.","Describes weather and damage caused by drought and storms. Mr. Turner informs him that he can probably obtain an overseer but \"the chance of getting a tenant is not so good.\"","Returned home yesterday from trip to Maryland. Visited Mr. Sewall at Poplar Hill. Went to visit Dr. Crawfort but he was absent, so went to Mr. Shipley's. Recommends Nelly go to Baltimore. Presumes Elizabeth Blackburn was married today.","Wheat machine broke. Sends thirty dollars. Colonel Bailey Peyton is to marry Julia Thompson. Employed three Irish workers to see if they could replace slaves but the \"experiment\" failed.","Sends a carriage up for Nelly. He shall leave tomorrow or the next day for Jefferson.","Relates arrival in Baltimore and journey to Mount Vernon. Steamboat brought five hundred visitors during the week. Misses Nelly: \"…I feel a constant yearning to have you at my side, to hear you, to see you…\"","Dreams of Nelly. Monuments were erected at the vault. Steamboat continues to come full. President Filmore and his cabinet postponed visit. Plasterer to come and fix dining room and cellars.","Will be down tomorrow accompanied by William Turner and two other gentlemen.","Is obliged to go to Fairfax Court House to \"sue out attachments against Mr. Whitehall's property.\"","Writes in haste. Ephraim died yesterday evening. Too hazardous for Nelly to come down until epidemic subsides. Sends a package containing a fan and dress.","Will be in Alexandria on Friday. Dick [Richard Washington] unwell with attack of erysipelas. Fears John Washington will be deformed. New steamboat for the Mount Vernon route will not begin trips until the week after next.","Short letter. Will not be in Alexandria before Saturday. Needs to attend to business with \"Brother\" Thomas [Blackburn Washington]. Families at Blakeley are well.","Short letter. Mother [Jane C. B. Washington] is \"dangerously ill.\" Requests a carpet bag with clean clothes. \"Send John [Michum] up tomorrow morning for my Buggy.\"","Mother is better but still weak. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding corn for mules at Marshall Hall.","Mother is better. \"I have been purchasing negroes—and am in negotiation for others…\" Gives instructions for \"grubbing and ploughing.\" Overseer position. Includes letter to daughter Louisa on same sheet regarding various cousins.","Sends Jim up with the carriage today for Nelly. Augustine writes he is \"completely tired of bacheloring.\"","Heard of Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis' illness. Describes journey with stops in Berryville and Chantilly. Harriet subject to fainting attacks. Threshing machine is set. Negotiations with Mr. Stowell as overseer. Death of General Roger Jones","Health of Aunt Eliza and Mr. Lloyd. Railroad festival at Salem [now Marshall]. Cary, Fontaine and John hunting and fishing. Describes flowers in Louisa's garden. Wharf and buildings being put up at the White House for the steamboat and visitors.","Going to Alexandria to sell a load of wheat. The slave Eliza was injured when she \"ran a needle in her arm and broke it off…\" Ends with proclamation of undying love: \"Indeed as I grow older my heart seems to cling closer to you…and never do I feel this more deeply than when you are absent from me.\"","Finished ploughing in Maryland. Tried to sell the slave Matilda but she was unwilling. Has employed a German gardener. Gives updates on the steamboat, visitors, and construction of new wharf.","Attaches a check for fifty dollars for travel expenses by canal. Good weather to begin work again. Heard through West [Ford] of Cousin Esther's death. Health of servants","Mount Vernon and other farms have lost one third to one half of harvest due to rains. Has finally engaged a Maryland bricklayer and plasterer.","Was unable to write due to a cold. Noblet Herbert's death. Disappointed in sale of mountain land. Instructions for sowing and sale of clover seed.","He cannot get up to the house. Requests beef, ham, knives and forks, Worcestershire sauce, and cream or milk.","Sold Matilda and her family to Mr. Bevin. Augustine has had attacks of ague. Cases of scarlet fever and dysentery. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding sheep and wheat machine.","Brief letter. Getting on slowly with work. Will probably not come down tomorrow.","\"Brother T's [cousin Thomas Washington] corpse has not yet arrived.\" John Alexander has dysentery.","Thomas Washington's body arrived and was buried at Charlestown. John Alexander's death. Will conclude funeral arrangements tomorrow.","Servants sick. Bought and forwarded a dress for Louisa. Will take Louisa to Bath after sale of Richwoods [home of Thomas Blackburn Washington].","\"Richard [Washington] was rather better last night.\" Brief letter.","He is detained a few days longer due to Dr. Alexander's absence. Asks Nelly to send the wagon up for coal. Has sold corn at three dollars.","Arrived in Charlestown yesterday. Restaurants in Charlestown and Harper's Ferry filthy. Richard [Washington] sold about 300 acres of his land at $60.00 per acre.","\"Alexandria May 18\" crossed out at top. His health continues to improve, will join her in a few days. Requests pills and tea.","\"My cold is broken and a great deal better.\" Regrets that sickness prevents him from joining her as planned.","Augustine writes he will be down on Thursday or Friday. Direct Mr. Browner to get ready to kill the hogs next Saturday.","Has commenced hauling today. Encloses check for fifty dollars. Sends up a swan.","Augustine writes that though his health has improved, he's still unable to return.","Sends bacon, shad and fish by West [Ford]. Wrote a short note to Nelly this morning to be delivered by girl Maria. Son Lawrence and the baby [Eleanor] are well.","Encloses a letter from California. Has had stormy weather. Requests that Nelly tell Cousin Sally or the doctor to inform him how she is.","Stormy and rainy weather prevented his going to see Nelly. Weather unfavorable for fishing.","Forwards check for $100.","Instructions to send several servants [enslaved workers?] from Mount Vernon to Alexandria.","The slave Sarah \"had run off from Mr. Taylor and had gone home this morning.\" Has not heard from Richmond [regarding sale of Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association]","Regarding negotiations with the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association.","Relates his visits with the children to the University, Monticello, Farmington, and the \"Asylums for the Insane and for the Blind and the Deaf and Dumb.\"","Relates visit to Wyers Cave. Saw John Selden and his children. Visited Cousin Ann and Miss Mary Peter. Saw Sister Hannah and Jenny. \"My farm as usual will yield but a small rent, and I have half made up my mind to sell it.\"","Brief letter. Is detained until Monday and \"then have to go to Balt[imore]. If I do not get home on Tuesday in the boat, send up for me Wednesday morning.\"","Must travel to Baltimore with Mr. Herbert. Instructs William Ford to meet him in Alexandria to show him lots [of timber?] to be labeled.","Encloses letter from Magruder Mason. Gives instructions for delivering slaves George, Charlotte and Milly who have been hired out.","Has requested Mr. Price send down game and fish. Expects to meet Willie Rogers and Mr. Robinson on Saturday.","Christian Washington's baby had an operation on her lip. Heavy fall of snow. Gives instructions regarding clover seed, ploughs, and windows of hot beds.","Shall leave tomorrow for Frederick and Fauquier and be home Friday or Saturday. Bad weather prevented his visiting friends in Audley and Berryville. Has arranged matters with Mr. Richardson about Joe [a slave boy].","Describes journey to Chicago: stops and sights. Unsure if he can make an investment in Chicago or not.","Relates investigation of investments with Mr. Wright and Mr. McFarland. Describes geography of Chicago, Lake Michigan, and river and its relation to property value. Visited a Mr. Kerfoot. Describes scenery.","Has bought two pieces of property. Gives instructions regarding harvest. Inquires after cradles and rakes.","Richard and Bushrod Washington came down with him. \"I fear I shall be disappointed in selling Marshall Hall to the person who I expected to buy it.\"","Constant rains on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. Will go to Washington to meet John F. Lee. Thinks they can move to Waveland by the first of December.","\"This box contains the correspondence between my wife and myself from October 1842 to October 1860. From the time of our engagement to her Death - John A. and E. L. Washington.\"","Dr. Lloyd's funeral will take place tomorrow. Requests suit of black clothes.","Description of journey from St. Louis to Chicago. Fertility of the prairie and poverty of inhabitants. Business in Chicago remains uncertain.","Received Nelly's letter of April 1st. Has not made much progress in his business. \"I went out yesterday about 35 miles on the Milwaukee Railroad branch…\"","Has rented a part of his property. Ogden suit will come up in a few days. Dined at Mr. Kerfoot's. Describes a \"feat of house lifting\" he witnessed.","His lawyers are confident in winning the Ogden Suit [Malebon D. Ogden vs. John A. Washington and William F. Turner]. Met with friends and relations; mentions Cassins, Grahams, and Mr. Morgan Johnson. Says he is \"wife sick or love sick.\"","Expects to leave tomorrow night or Saturday for Indianapolis and Louisville. Encloses flowers. \"I regret to hear that Miss Cunningham's enterprise turned out indifferently. It was I thought rather inconsiderate in her to attempt anything of the sort while we are living there, but I suppose she did not think of this.\"","Forgot trunk key and requests to have Nelly mail it. Has sent up boxes of silver, white and brown sugar, and soap. Gives instructions regarding a box of stolen sugar.","Going to Leesburg this morning with friends. Postscript \"Thursday morning.\"","\"Mr. Turner though still very unwell is going about a little, and we are engaged in sowing wheat…\" Bought a carpet for the library. Has sent up stair carpet rods.","Augustine writes he had intended going up to Waveland yesterday but \"as I have some little unfinished business here and have not had an opportunity of seeing Cousin H[arriet] I shall wait until tomorrow and accompany them up.\"","Reports he will not return as soon as planned. Encloses ten dollars.","After receiving her father's permission to respond to Augustine's letter, she writes that she has never before attempted such a letter. Expresses her feelings for him.","Disappointed in trip to Walnut Farm. Supposes Augustine has arrived at Mount Vernon. Death of Mrs. Mason.","If Augustine is detained, their separation will be nearly three weeks. Delivered messages to Dick. Recent storm caused flooding and destroyed fencing.","Spent yesterday at Mount Vernon. Whitewashing has improved the appearance of the yard. Longs for the twenty-sixth to come.  Miss Morey [Maury] leaves tomorrow.","Bridal party arrived [for wedding of Christian Maria and Richard Washington]. Asks Augustine to get a new pair of boots or have his mended.","Augustine's last letter dated the 10th. Pleased he employed a white overseer.","No time fixed for Dick's [Richard Washington] marriage. Will Augustine get the baby a pair of shoes? Penciled note by Augustine possibly noting property lines.","When did Augustine leave Loudon? Louisa has learned several words. Nelly has visited several friends.","Intends to have her tooth drawn. Weather very cold. Louisa learned waltzing.","Discusses weather. Mr. Stuart arrived. \"Louisa has completely retrieved her character since you left.\" Letter continues September 2nd. Nelly \"left Blakeley yesterday morning to spend this week with Aunt Maria and Anne.","Louisa's health. \"I was really gratified to hear you did not find it necessary to sell Gabriel.\" Louisa has \"several times mistaken persons down the street for you…\"","Delivery and payment of wheat. Louisa is well. Christian Washington already named her daughter Elizabeth. Old Mr. [John] Sinclair died and his slaves are to be sold.","Dined with Ellen Powell. Louisa \"fell against the table and nearly broke her nose…\"","Nelly writes she had a bad cold on Monday. Louisa's arm is almost entirely well. West [Ford] was in town yesterday. Charles Lee and Anne Gardener are engaged.","Daughter Jenny [Jane Charlotte Washington] sick with fever and welts.","Daughter Jenny and other family members illl. Cousin Thomas and Noblet returned last week. Postscript asking for money for children's dresses.","Aunt Eliza doing well. Nelly went to hear Hertz play: He is \"one of the most celebrated performers on the piano.\" Does not understand Anne's letter.","Short letter. Chastises Augustine for not writing. Asks \"is it because your wife is not of sufficient importance to you to write to her.\"","\"I shall be ready to go any day that you can come for me.\" Asks for mutton suet and cat mint.","\"Mr. George Turner, starts for Boston tomorrow, and I have determined to go under his escort.\" Discusses meetings with friends and relatives. Cousin Rebecca had a son.","Discusses harvest and rain. Jack and Anne drove up this morning. \"If there are any damsons, I wish you would have some preserved.\"","Hopes Augustine had a pleasant trip and \"felt no evil effects from crabs and oysters.\" Nelly treated Louisa's illness with calomel and oil. Sorry to hear that Mr. Moore the overseer took a wife. Enclosed note and postscript regarding letter from Sister Mary.","Inquires if the slave Mary has washed the bedstead. Will try to get a larger sheet of paper. Postscript regarding daughter Louisa's tin cow.","\"It has been nearly three weeks since my confinement…\" Uncle Bushrod [Washington] leaves for the Salt Sulphur on Monday.","Nelly and Augustine have been apart nine weeks. Describes her recovery and the new baby [Eliza]. General Rust [new owner of Exeter] traveled up on Sunday.","Requests Augustine have a log cabin built. \"Our children are well, having two babies keeps me pretty constantly employed.\" Postscript regarding poor pen and Aunt Eliza's confinement.","\"Our dear child is quite well again [Louisa].\" Hopes to hear from Augustine soon.  Postscript, \"Dear little Molly [Mary Selden Page] continues I think to improve.\"","Short letter. Aunt Eliza gave birth to a girl yesterday, about three o'clock.","Family news. Asks Augustine set a date for her to return to Mount Vernon.","Cary was thrown over his horse's head. Mrs. Carter died last night. Daughter Eliza goes looking for Augustine. Nelly makes requests and gives instructions for making preserves, \"and please don't forget my hen house.\"","Arrived Thursday evening. Requests more money to buy things for the winter. Mentions Aunt Maria, Rebecca and Dr. Tabb, and Aunt Eliza.","Daughter Eliza sick past ten days. \"Louisa and Jenny talk incessantly about you.\" Nelly has been walking a good deal.","Uncle Cary's death. Discusses children and weather. Passes on Mr. Lloyd's questions regarding hiring an overseer such as salary and privileges.","\"Old Dolly gave me the letter I enclose about ten days ago…\" Sister Mary wrote after her confinement. Today is Harriet's wedding day.","Boat landed with 50 or 60 visitors. Susan, a slave, prefers being sold.","She shall \"be down in the boat tomorrow to see you.\" Shall not bring the children.","Visitors. No one is sick. \"The boat had just come in sight and it is beginning to rain right fast…\"","Anxious to hear about Mother [Jane C. B. Washington]. A man came \"to apply for situation as overseer, at Marshall Hall…\" Note at end of letter written by Louisa Washington. Misses her father. Writes about dogs, birds, and sheep.","Has heard rumors and is unsure if Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis is dead or alive. Went to Charlestown on Sunday. Visited with relations. Describes wellbeing of her daughters: \"Maria has five teeth.\"","Expresses her happiness at receiving Augustine's last letter. Sorry to hear of Eliza's injury. Describes children's party. Would be glad if he could finish the threshing.","\"Mrs. Byrd and Mrs. Alsbone… appear very nervous about the state of our slaves. They think the negroes hate the whites so much, that we are in constant danger.\"","Louisa has measles. Dr. Lloyd shipwrecked twice and lost everything. Scarlet fever and whooping cough going around.","Daughters Jenny, Lily [Eliza] and Maria all have measles. Distressed to hear about Augustine's wheat and corn. Begs for a letter from him; \"I am miserable.\"","Steamboat quite full today with sixty or seventy persons. Tomorrow is Louisa's birthday. Spoke to Susan [a slave] and \"she prefers being sold.\"","\"Aunt Eliza had a little girl last night, she and the child are both doing well.\"","Arrived at Cave Farm on Monday. Heard that \"Mr. Alexander was so extravagant that if you were not careful, Cousin Hannah's property would all in short time go.\" Louisa looks forward to a child's party. Nelly requests vanilla.","Instructions to have her black bonnet sent up as well as a night gown, linens, and visit cards. Went to hear Dr. Butler's sermon. \"Don't forget the butter from Maryland…\"","Encloses letter from Mr. Davis. She is visiting Richard and Christian. Asks Augustine to bring the \"baby's sucking bottle.\" Gives instructions for the slave Sarah to make a brine to drop the butter in.","Richard returned from town and says that court will begin on the second Monday of October, and the sale at Claymont will take place on the following Wednesday.","Daughter [Anna] Maria broke her left arm.","Infant [Lawrence] very ill. Family news.","Nursery chimney caught on fire yesterday. Son Lawrence has been ill. Mr. Turner salted hams. Wants to see Christian and the children this winter.","Is very concerned about Lawrence's fever. Asks that Augustine send for a doctor.","Has heard that his Uncle Augustine was unwell. Requests word on how he is. Sends a bottle of castor oil.","Regrets to hear that his health has not improved. Lawrence is better.","Nelly reports that she is ready to go home and regrets that she be sent for.","Her health continues to improve, hopes to be able to return soon. Letter sent with West [Ford].","Clara [Heilman] has arrived. Nelly is disappointed that the weather keeps her away. \"I am as well as ever, look very fat…and right strong.\"","Lawrence's health improves. Postscript regarding Edith and Mrs. Powell.","Their niece Anne, daughter of Augustine's brother Richard Blackburn and Christian Washington has died.","Gives preserving instructions for slaves Sarah and Matilda. Secret engagement of Andrew Kennedy. Asks about having the dining room fixed. Anne is sick with dysentery.","\"The baby [George Washington] improves every day.\" Watermelons in the ice house.","Dined with Harriett Cazenove. \"Everything is going on at home here as usual.\"","\"Everybody is leaving so fast that by Thursday everyone will be gone…\" She can be at Walnut Farm on Saturday.","Daughter Nelly had fever and boils. Nelly writes she is delighted she left [Capon Springs] as the \"house keeper, servants and all were dismissed and the stages taken off the line on Friday.\" Instructs Augustine to bring clothes for the children.","Louisa and Jenny went to a concert. Yesterday a crowd with Masons came by boat and made a speech. Received a letter from Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham requesting permission for an address.","Much rain. Wheat looks well. Family news.","Summer weather. Had first dish of asparagus yesterday. Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham's address is Saturday with Dr. Hawks of New York as orator.","\"Yesterday was the day fixed on by Miss Cunningham for her grand doings here…. There were benches enough to accommodate six hundred but I don't think there could have been more than one hundred and fifty or two hundred at most on the grounds.\"","Received his sixth letter this morning. Mrs. Robert [Mary Anna Custis] Lee staying with them. Son George has not learned to say a word since Augustine left. \"Wishing you happy dreams and hoping I may be the burden of them as you are of mine.\"","Nelly writes she cannot find the trunk key Augustine requested. She delivered his message to Mr. Lunsford [overseer at Waveland].","Mr. Lunsford finished seeding and now setting strawberry plants. Cabbage plants have come up but they look like kale. Received letters from ladies applying for \"the situation\" [teaching position?]. Requests jonquil roots, hairpins, and tea toweling.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.528"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence"],"collection_ssim":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSaw Dr. Powell on Thursday. Cases of bilious fever. Arrangements for slave Eliza's return to Mount Vernon. Crabs are \"disappearing very rapidly.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Saw Dr. Powell on Thursday. Cases of bilious fever. Arrangements for slave Eliza's return to Mount Vernon. Crabs are \"disappearing very rapidly.\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged first by letters written by John Augustine Washington III, organized chronologically, and second by letters written by Eleanor Love Selden Washington, organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged first by letters written by John Augustine Washington III, organized chronologically, and second by letters written by Eleanor Love Selden Washington, organized chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III (1821-1861): John Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEleanor Love Selden Washington (1824-1860): Born April 12, 1824 to Wilson Cary Selden and Louisa Elizabeth Fontaine Alexander Selden, \"Nelly\" married John Augustine Washington III on February 16, 1843. Together, they had seven children: Louisa, Jane Charlotte (\"Jenny\"), Eliza (\"Lily\"), Anna Maria, Lawrence, Eleanor (\"Nelly\"), and George. She died from childbirth October 9, 1860.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III (1821-1861): John Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington (1824-1860): Born April 12, 1824 to Wilson Cary Selden and Louisa Elizabeth Fontaine Alexander Selden, \"Nelly\" married John Augustine Washington III on February 16, 1843. Together, they had seven children: Louisa, Jane Charlotte (\"Jenny\"), Eliza (\"Lily\"), Anna Maria, Lawrence, Eleanor (\"Nelly\"), and George. She died from childbirth October 9, 1860."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernonn [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernonn [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBushrod Washington Family Papers ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bushrod Washington Family Papers ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his wife Eleanor Love Selden. The letters begin during the Washingtons' engagement and continues through eighteen years of marriage, ending with a letter from John Augustine to Eleanor composed the day prior to her sudden death. The letters contain information on family matters, the management of the Mount Vernon estate, and plantation life prior to the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses his happiness at receiving Nelly's letters and love for her. \"I do not object to the whole world knowing that I love you.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMust defer visit to Exeter for four or five days due to appointments. His mother will visit Nelly on her way up to Leesburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeels pain at parting from Nelly. Cousin William [Turner] distraught over his intention to marry Betty [Selden].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrived Christmas day. Distressed at being apart from Nelly. Saw the family at Mount Ida [Wilson Cary Selden, Sr.'s family] on Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLove letter. \"…as the dearest moments of my life have been with you, so the happiest hopes that my soul can form, have you for their reigning star.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill probably not see or hear from Nelly until their wedding. Discredits stories that his relative Thomas Turner mistreated his family and servants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to return to Jefferson until the middle or end of next week. Gives instructions for Dick [Richard Blackburn Washington] regarding delivery of wheat, receipts, and a shingles order. Mentions Bushrod Washington and West Ford.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChanged route after leaving Nelly. Hopes Nelly recovers from her headaches. Did she get the box from Stabler's safely?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Time hangs heavily on me when you are absent…\" Updates on relations. A new academy is to be built opposite Mr. Burr Harrison's. Leaves for Jefferson tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"…not having been aware of my right to vote out of the county in which I resided, at the Presidential election I made arrangements to return home…\" Hyacinths planted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis case came up in Court and estate committed to Augustine's hands. Encloses ten dollars to entertain Dick and Christian Washington. Two or three snowstorms since his arrival at Blakeley. Scarlet fever prevailing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScarlet fever disappeared. Direct West [Ford] to tell William Hayes to procure eggs or chickens, \"but know the price beforehand, or he will charge you double.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbsence of Gabriel and desertion of some of the hired hands. Has decided not to sell Gabriel. \"If it were possible to without them [slaves], I do not think I could own one, but situated as we are, landed property would be almost valueless without them, and it is a matter of necessity to have their labor.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSowing wheat. \"I have never had soft crabs in perfection before.\" Asks if mother [Jane C. B. Washington] has received money on his wheat. Offers two sets of names for Dick and Christian Washington's daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSale of Exeter will not take place until spring. Dr. Alexander struggling with debt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I have not seen our friends here, but hear that Bentley bought Cousin Eliza's negroes at $1,200.00.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMother [Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington] ill. His letter will be taken to Nelly \"by two negro men who I have purchased, and by Julia whom I send down. I wish West to set them to getting rails…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I left the negroes I got in Alexandria, where I had an offer of $650.00 for them from a negro trader, but I prefer selling to a private person if I can do so. I found several of the servants sick, and Phil who was very low, died this evening.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServants recovering. Nelly's cloak was dyed mazarine blue. Shall begin seeding wheat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest [Ford] has taken sick this morning. \"The stockings and socks for the negroes are nearly done…The coat patterns are eaten up by the rats…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGot up to Blakeley night before last accompanied by Charles Washington. \"I have the prospect of employing an overseer for next year.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe has been trying to procure signatures for a \"petition for the division of our county.\" The sale of Woodlawn and the Quakers who are to settle on it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived Nelly's letter of September 18th. Has succeeded in obtaining an overseer \"at the rate of one hundred and fifty dollars a year.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates journey to Blakeley. Was delayed as Turbeville Stuart had typhus or nervous fever. Pneumonia and typhoid fever \"prevailing through this neighborhood.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugustine is losing his overseer due to his marriage to a widow, Ms. Spence. Discusses case at the Alexandria Superior Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Between pleasant company and bad weather I was detained in the lower country some days longer than I expected.\" Pleased with Gloucester. Disappointed in Old Point. Gabriel's duties and tasks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been twice at church. Hopes Nelly received a package with silk, a bottle with slips, and peach stones. Preserves and pickles are done.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes weather and damage caused by drought and storms. Mr. Turner informs him that he can probably obtain an overseer but \"the chance of getting a tenant is not so good.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReturned home yesterday from trip to Maryland. Visited Mr. Sewall at Poplar Hill. Went to visit Dr. Crawfort but he was absent, so went to Mr. Shipley's. Recommends Nelly go to Baltimore. Presumes Elizabeth Blackburn was married today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWheat machine broke. Sends thirty dollars. Colonel Bailey Peyton is to marry Julia Thompson. Employed three Irish workers to see if they could replace slaves but the \"experiment\" failed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends a carriage up for Nelly. He shall leave tomorrow or the next day for Jefferson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates arrival in Baltimore and journey to Mount Vernon. Steamboat brought five hundred visitors during the week. Misses Nelly: \"…I feel a constant yearning to have you at my side, to hear you, to see you…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDreams of Nelly. Monuments were erected at the vault. Steamboat continues to come full. President Filmore and his cabinet postponed visit. Plasterer to come and fix dining room and cellars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill be down tomorrow accompanied by William Turner and two other gentlemen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs obliged to go to Fairfax Court House to \"sue out attachments against Mr. Whitehall's property.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites in haste. Ephraim died yesterday evening. Too hazardous for Nelly to come down until epidemic subsides. Sends a package containing a fan and dress.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill be in Alexandria on Friday. Dick [Richard Washington] unwell with attack of erysipelas. Fears John Washington will be deformed. New steamboat for the Mount Vernon route will not begin trips until the week after next.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShort letter. Will not be in Alexandria before Saturday. Needs to attend to business with \"Brother\" Thomas [Blackburn Washington]. Families at Blakeley are well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShort letter. Mother [Jane C. B. Washington] is \"dangerously ill.\" Requests a carpet bag with clean clothes. \"Send John [Michum] up tomorrow morning for my Buggy.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMother is better but still weak. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding corn for mules at Marshall Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMother is better. \"I have been purchasing negroes—and am in negotiation for others…\" Gives instructions for \"grubbing and ploughing.\" Overseer position. Includes letter to daughter Louisa on same sheet regarding various cousins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends Jim up with the carriage today for Nelly. Augustine writes he is \"completely tired of bacheloring.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeard of Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis' illness. Describes journey with stops in Berryville and Chantilly. Harriet subject to fainting attacks. Threshing machine is set. Negotiations with Mr. Stowell as overseer. Death of General Roger Jones\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHealth of Aunt Eliza and Mr. Lloyd. Railroad festival at Salem [now Marshall]. Cary, Fontaine and John hunting and fishing. Describes flowers in Louisa's garden. Wharf and buildings being put up at the White House for the steamboat and visitors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoing to Alexandria to sell a load of wheat. The slave Eliza was injured when she \"ran a needle in her arm and broke it off…\" Ends with proclamation of undying love: \"Indeed as I grow older my heart seems to cling closer to you…and never do I feel this more deeply than when you are absent from me.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinished ploughing in Maryland. Tried to sell the slave Matilda but she was unwilling. Has employed a German gardener. Gives updates on the steamboat, visitors, and construction of new wharf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttaches a check for fifty dollars for travel expenses by canal. Good weather to begin work again. Heard through West [Ford] of Cousin Esther's death. Health of servants\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon and other farms have lost one third to one half of harvest due to rains. Has finally engaged a Maryland bricklayer and plasterer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas unable to write due to a cold. Noblet Herbert's death. Disappointed in sale of mountain land. Instructions for sowing and sale of clover seed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe cannot get up to the house. Requests beef, ham, knives and forks, Worcestershire sauce, and cream or milk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSold Matilda and her family to Mr. Bevin. Augustine has had attacks of ague. Cases of scarlet fever and dysentery. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding sheep and wheat machine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrief letter. Getting on slowly with work. Will probably not come down tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Brother T's [cousin Thomas Washington] corpse has not yet arrived.\" John Alexander has dysentery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Washington's body arrived and was buried at Charlestown. John Alexander's death. Will conclude funeral arrangements tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServants sick. Bought and forwarded a dress for Louisa. Will take Louisa to Bath after sale of Richwoods [home of Thomas Blackburn Washington].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Richard [Washington] was rather better last night.\" Brief letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is detained a few days longer due to Dr. Alexander's absence. Asks Nelly to send the wagon up for coal. Has sold corn at three dollars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrived in Charlestown yesterday. Restaurants in Charlestown and Harper's Ferry filthy. Richard [Washington] sold about 300 acres of his land at $60.00 per acre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Alexandria May 18\" crossed out at top. His health continues to improve, will join her in a few days. Requests pills and tea.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"My cold is broken and a great deal better.\" Regrets that sickness prevents him from joining her as planned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugustine writes he will be down on Thursday or Friday. Direct Mr. Browner to get ready to kill the hogs next Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas commenced hauling today. Encloses check for fifty dollars. Sends up a swan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugustine writes that though his health has improved, he's still unable to return.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends bacon, shad and fish by West [Ford]. Wrote a short note to Nelly this morning to be delivered by girl Maria. Son Lawrence and the baby [Eleanor] are well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a letter from California. Has had stormy weather. Requests that Nelly tell Cousin Sally or the doctor to inform him how she is.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStormy and rainy weather prevented his going to see Nelly. Weather unfavorable for fishing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForwards check for $100.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstructions to send several servants [enslaved workers?] from Mount Vernon to Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe slave Sarah \"had run off from Mr. Taylor and had gone home this morning.\" Has not heard from Richmond [regarding sale of Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegarding negotiations with the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates his visits with the children to the University, Monticello, Farmington, and the \"Asylums for the Insane and for the Blind and the Deaf and Dumb.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates visit to Wyers Cave. Saw John Selden and his children. Visited Cousin Ann and Miss Mary Peter. Saw Sister Hannah and Jenny. \"My farm as usual will yield but a small rent, and I have half made up my mind to sell it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrief letter. Is detained until Monday and \"then have to go to Balt[imore]. If I do not get home on Tuesday in the boat, send up for me Wednesday morning.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMust travel to Baltimore with Mr. Herbert. Instructs William Ford to meet him in Alexandria to show him lots [of timber?] to be labeled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses letter from Magruder Mason. Gives instructions for delivering slaves George, Charlotte and Milly who have been hired out.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas requested Mr. Price send down game and fish. Expects to meet Willie Rogers and Mr. Robinson on Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChristian Washington's baby had an operation on her lip. Heavy fall of snow. Gives instructions regarding clover seed, ploughs, and windows of hot beds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShall leave tomorrow for Frederick and Fauquier and be home Friday or Saturday. Bad weather prevented his visiting friends in Audley and Berryville. Has arranged matters with Mr. Richardson about Joe [a slave boy].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes journey to Chicago: stops and sights. Unsure if he can make an investment in Chicago or not.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates investigation of investments with Mr. Wright and Mr. McFarland. Describes geography of Chicago, Lake Michigan, and river and its relation to property value. Visited a Mr. Kerfoot. Describes scenery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas bought two pieces of property. Gives instructions regarding harvest. Inquires after cradles and rakes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard and Bushrod Washington came down with him. \"I fear I shall be disappointed in selling Marshall Hall to the person who I expected to buy it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConstant rains on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. Will go to Washington to meet John F. Lee. Thinks they can move to Waveland by the first of December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"This box contains the correspondence between my wife and myself from October 1842 to October 1860. From the time of our engagement to her Death - John A. and E. L. Washington.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Lloyd's funeral will take place tomorrow. Requests suit of black clothes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription of journey from St. Louis to Chicago. Fertility of the prairie and poverty of inhabitants. Business in Chicago remains uncertain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived Nelly's letter of April 1st. Has not made much progress in his business. \"I went out yesterday about 35 miles on the Milwaukee Railroad branch…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas rented a part of his property. Ogden suit will come up in a few days. Dined at Mr. Kerfoot's. Describes a \"feat of house lifting\" he witnessed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis lawyers are confident in winning the Ogden Suit [Malebon D. Ogden vs. John A. Washington and William F. Turner]. Met with friends and relations; mentions Cassins, Grahams, and Mr. Morgan Johnson. Says he is \"wife sick or love sick.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpects to leave tomorrow night or Saturday for Indianapolis and Louisville. Encloses flowers. \"I regret to hear that Miss Cunningham's enterprise turned out indifferently. It was I thought rather inconsiderate in her to attempt anything of the sort while we are living there, but I suppose she did not think of this.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForgot trunk key and requests to have Nelly mail it. Has sent up boxes of silver, white and brown sugar, and soap. Gives instructions regarding a box of stolen sugar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoing to Leesburg this morning with friends. Postscript \"Thursday morning.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Mr. Turner though still very unwell is going about a little, and we are engaged in sowing wheat…\" Bought a carpet for the library. Has sent up stair carpet rods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugustine writes he had intended going up to Waveland yesterday but \"as I have some little unfinished business here and have not had an opportunity of seeing Cousin H[arriet] I shall wait until tomorrow and accompany them up.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports he will not return as soon as planned. Encloses ten dollars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving her father's permission to respond to Augustine's letter, she writes that she has never before attempted such a letter. Expresses her feelings for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisappointed in trip to Walnut Farm. Supposes Augustine has arrived at Mount Vernon. Death of Mrs. Mason.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIf Augustine is detained, their separation will be nearly three weeks. Delivered messages to Dick. Recent storm caused flooding and destroyed fencing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpent yesterday at Mount Vernon. Whitewashing has improved the appearance of the yard. Longs for the twenty-sixth to come.  Miss Morey [Maury] leaves tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBridal party arrived [for wedding of Christian Maria and Richard Washington]. Asks Augustine to get a new pair of boots or have his mended.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugustine's last letter dated the 10th. Pleased he employed a white overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo time fixed for Dick's [Richard Washington] marriage. Will Augustine get the baby a pair of shoes? Penciled note by Augustine possibly noting property lines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen did Augustine leave Loudon? Louisa has learned several words. Nelly has visited several friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntends to have her tooth drawn. Weather very cold. Louisa learned waltzing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses weather. Mr. Stuart arrived. \"Louisa has completely retrieved her character since you left.\" Letter continues September 2nd. Nelly \"left Blakeley yesterday morning to spend this week with Aunt Maria and Anne.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouisa's health. \"I was really gratified to hear you did not find it necessary to sell Gabriel.\" Louisa has \"several times mistaken persons down the street for you…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelivery and payment of wheat. Louisa is well. Christian Washington already named her daughter Elizabeth. Old Mr. [John] Sinclair died and his slaves are to be sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDined with Ellen Powell. Louisa \"fell against the table and nearly broke her nose…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes she had a bad cold on Monday. Louisa's arm is almost entirely well. West [Ford] was in town yesterday. Charles Lee and Anne Gardener are engaged.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter Jenny [Jane Charlotte Washington] sick with fever and welts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter Jenny and other family members illl. Cousin Thomas and Noblet returned last week. Postscript asking for money for children's dresses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAunt Eliza doing well. Nelly went to hear Hertz play: He is \"one of the most celebrated performers on the piano.\" Does not understand Anne's letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShort letter. Chastises Augustine for not writing. Asks \"is it because your wife is not of sufficient importance to you to write to her.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I shall be ready to go any day that you can come for me.\" Asks for mutton suet and cat mint.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Mr. George Turner, starts for Boston tomorrow, and I have determined to go under his escort.\" Discusses meetings with friends and relatives. Cousin Rebecca had a son.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses harvest and rain. Jack and Anne drove up this morning. \"If there are any damsons, I wish you would have some preserved.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes Augustine had a pleasant trip and \"felt no evil effects from crabs and oysters.\" Nelly treated Louisa's illness with calomel and oil. Sorry to hear that Mr. Moore the overseer took a wife. Enclosed note and postscript regarding letter from Sister Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires if the slave Mary has washed the bedstead. Will try to get a larger sheet of paper. Postscript regarding daughter Louisa's tin cow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"It has been nearly three weeks since my confinement…\" Uncle Bushrod [Washington] leaves for the Salt Sulphur on Monday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly and Augustine have been apart nine weeks. Describes her recovery and the new baby [Eliza]. General Rust [new owner of Exeter] traveled up on Sunday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests Augustine have a log cabin built. \"Our children are well, having two babies keeps me pretty constantly employed.\" Postscript regarding poor pen and Aunt Eliza's confinement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Our dear child is quite well again [Louisa].\" Hopes to hear from Augustine soon.  Postscript, \"Dear little Molly [Mary Selden Page] continues I think to improve.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShort letter. Aunt Eliza gave birth to a girl yesterday, about three o'clock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news. Asks Augustine set a date for her to return to Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCary was thrown over his horse's head. Mrs. Carter died last night. Daughter Eliza goes looking for Augustine. Nelly makes requests and gives instructions for making preserves, \"and please don't forget my hen house.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrived Thursday evening. Requests more money to buy things for the winter. Mentions Aunt Maria, Rebecca and Dr. Tabb, and Aunt Eliza.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter Eliza sick past ten days. \"Louisa and Jenny talk incessantly about you.\" Nelly has been walking a good deal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUncle Cary's death. Discusses children and weather. Passes on Mr. Lloyd's questions regarding hiring an overseer such as salary and privileges.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Old Dolly gave me the letter I enclose about ten days ago…\" Sister Mary wrote after her confinement. Today is Harriet's wedding day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoat landed with 50 or 60 visitors. Susan, a slave, prefers being sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe shall \"be down in the boat tomorrow to see you.\" Shall not bring the children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVisitors. No one is sick. \"The boat had just come in sight and it is beginning to rain right fast…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnxious to hear about Mother [Jane C. B. Washington]. A man came \"to apply for situation as overseer, at Marshall Hall…\" Note at end of letter written by Louisa Washington. Misses her father. Writes about dogs, birds, and sheep.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas heard rumors and is unsure if Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis is dead or alive. Went to Charlestown on Sunday. Visited with relations. Describes wellbeing of her daughters: \"Maria has five teeth.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses her happiness at receiving Augustine's last letter. Sorry to hear of Eliza's injury. Describes children's party. Would be glad if he could finish the threshing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs. Byrd and Mrs. Alsbone… appear very nervous about the state of our slaves. They think the negroes hate the whites so much, that we are in constant danger.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouisa has measles. Dr. Lloyd shipwrecked twice and lost everything. Scarlet fever and whooping cough going around.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughters Jenny, Lily [Eliza] and Maria all have measles. Distressed to hear about Augustine's wheat and corn. Begs for a letter from him; \"I am miserable.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSteamboat quite full today with sixty or seventy persons. Tomorrow is Louisa's birthday. Spoke to Susan [a slave] and \"she prefers being sold.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Aunt Eliza had a little girl last night, she and the child are both doing well.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrived at Cave Farm on Monday. Heard that \"Mr. Alexander was so extravagant that if you were not careful, Cousin Hannah's property would all in short time go.\" Louisa looks forward to a child's party. Nelly requests vanilla.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstructions to have her black bonnet sent up as well as a night gown, linens, and visit cards. Went to hear Dr. Butler's sermon. \"Don't forget the butter from Maryland…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses letter from Mr. Davis. She is visiting Richard and Christian. Asks Augustine to bring the \"baby's sucking bottle.\" Gives instructions for the slave Sarah to make a brine to drop the butter in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard returned from town and says that court will begin on the second Monday of October, and the sale at Claymont will take place on the following Wednesday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter [Anna] Maria broke her left arm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInfant [Lawrence] very ill. Family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNursery chimney caught on fire yesterday. Son Lawrence has been ill. Mr. Turner salted hams. Wants to see Christian and the children this winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs very concerned about Lawrence's fever. Asks that Augustine send for a doctor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas heard that his Uncle Augustine was unwell. Requests word on how he is. Sends a bottle of castor oil.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets to hear that his health has not improved. Lawrence is better.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly reports that she is ready to go home and regrets that she be sent for.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer health continues to improve, hopes to be able to return soon. Letter sent with West [Ford].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClara [Heilman] has arrived. Nelly is disappointed that the weather keeps her away. \"I am as well as ever, look very fat…and right strong.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLawrence's health improves. Postscript regarding Edith and Mrs. Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTheir niece Anne, daughter of Augustine's brother Richard Blackburn and Christian Washington has died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives preserving instructions for slaves Sarah and Matilda. Secret engagement of Andrew Kennedy. Asks about having the dining room fixed. Anne is sick with dysentery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The baby [George Washington] improves every day.\" Watermelons in the ice house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDined with Harriett Cazenove. \"Everything is going on at home here as usual.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Everybody is leaving so fast that by Thursday everyone will be gone…\" She can be at Walnut Farm on Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter Nelly had fever and boils. Nelly writes she is delighted she left [Capon Springs] as the \"house keeper, servants and all were dismissed and the stages taken off the line on Friday.\" Instructs Augustine to bring clothes for the children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouisa and Jenny went to a concert. Yesterday a crowd with Masons came by boat and made a speech. Received a letter from Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham requesting permission for an address.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch rain. Wheat looks well. Family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSummer weather. Had first dish of asparagus yesterday. Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham's address is Saturday with Dr. Hawks of New York as orator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Yesterday was the day fixed on by Miss Cunningham for her grand doings here…. There were benches enough to accommodate six hundred but I don't think there could have been more than one hundred and fifty or two hundred at most on the grounds.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived his sixth letter this morning. Mrs. Robert [Mary Anna Custis] Lee staying with them. Son George has not learned to say a word since Augustine left. \"Wishing you happy dreams and hoping I may be the burden of them as you are of mine.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes she cannot find the trunk key Augustine requested. She delivered his message to Mr. Lunsford [overseer at Waveland].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Lunsford finished seeding and now setting strawberry plants. Cabbage plants have come up but they look like kale. Received letters from ladies applying for \"the situation\" [teaching position?]. Requests jonquil roots, hairpins, and tea toweling.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his wife Eleanor Love Selden. The letters begin during the Washingtons' engagement and continues through eighteen years of marriage, ending with a letter from John Augustine to Eleanor composed the day prior to her sudden death. The letters contain information on family matters, the management of the Mount Vernon estate, and plantation life prior to the Civil War.","Expresses his happiness at receiving Nelly's letters and love for her. \"I do not object to the whole world knowing that I love you.\"","Must defer visit to Exeter for four or five days due to appointments. His mother will visit Nelly on her way up to Leesburg.","Feels pain at parting from Nelly. Cousin William [Turner] distraught over his intention to marry Betty [Selden].","Arrived Christmas day. Distressed at being apart from Nelly. Saw the family at Mount Ida [Wilson Cary Selden, Sr.'s family] on Saturday.","Love letter. \"…as the dearest moments of my life have been with you, so the happiest hopes that my soul can form, have you for their reigning star.\"","Will probably not see or hear from Nelly until their wedding. Discredits stories that his relative Thomas Turner mistreated his family and servants.","Is unable to return to Jefferson until the middle or end of next week. Gives instructions for Dick [Richard Blackburn Washington] regarding delivery of wheat, receipts, and a shingles order. Mentions Bushrod Washington and West Ford.","Changed route after leaving Nelly. Hopes Nelly recovers from her headaches. Did she get the box from Stabler's safely?","\"Time hangs heavily on me when you are absent…\" Updates on relations. A new academy is to be built opposite Mr. Burr Harrison's. Leaves for Jefferson tomorrow.","\"…not having been aware of my right to vote out of the county in which I resided, at the Presidential election I made arrangements to return home…\" Hyacinths planted.","His case came up in Court and estate committed to Augustine's hands. Encloses ten dollars to entertain Dick and Christian Washington. Two or three snowstorms since his arrival at Blakeley. Scarlet fever prevailing.","Scarlet fever disappeared. Direct West [Ford] to tell William Hayes to procure eggs or chickens, \"but know the price beforehand, or he will charge you double.\"","Absence of Gabriel and desertion of some of the hired hands. Has decided not to sell Gabriel. \"If it were possible to without them [slaves], I do not think I could own one, but situated as we are, landed property would be almost valueless without them, and it is a matter of necessity to have their labor.\"","Sowing wheat. \"I have never had soft crabs in perfection before.\" Asks if mother [Jane C. B. Washington] has received money on his wheat. Offers two sets of names for Dick and Christian Washington's daughter.","Sale of Exeter will not take place until spring. Dr. Alexander struggling with debt.","\"I have not seen our friends here, but hear that Bentley bought Cousin Eliza's negroes at $1,200.00.\"","Mother [Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington] ill. His letter will be taken to Nelly \"by two negro men who I have purchased, and by Julia whom I send down. I wish West to set them to getting rails…\"","\"I left the negroes I got in Alexandria, where I had an offer of $650.00 for them from a negro trader, but I prefer selling to a private person if I can do so. I found several of the servants sick, and Phil who was very low, died this evening.\"","Servants recovering. Nelly's cloak was dyed mazarine blue. Shall begin seeding wheat.","West [Ford] has taken sick this morning. \"The stockings and socks for the negroes are nearly done…The coat patterns are eaten up by the rats…\"","Got up to Blakeley night before last accompanied by Charles Washington. \"I have the prospect of employing an overseer for next year.\"","He has been trying to procure signatures for a \"petition for the division of our county.\" The sale of Woodlawn and the Quakers who are to settle on it.","Received Nelly's letter of September 18th. Has succeeded in obtaining an overseer \"at the rate of one hundred and fifty dollars a year.\"","Relates journey to Blakeley. Was delayed as Turbeville Stuart had typhus or nervous fever. Pneumonia and typhoid fever \"prevailing through this neighborhood.\"","Augustine is losing his overseer due to his marriage to a widow, Ms. Spence. Discusses case at the Alexandria Superior Court.","\"Between pleasant company and bad weather I was detained in the lower country some days longer than I expected.\" Pleased with Gloucester. Disappointed in Old Point. Gabriel's duties and tasks.","Has been twice at church. Hopes Nelly received a package with silk, a bottle with slips, and peach stones. Preserves and pickles are done.","Describes weather and damage caused by drought and storms. Mr. Turner informs him that he can probably obtain an overseer but \"the chance of getting a tenant is not so good.\"","Returned home yesterday from trip to Maryland. Visited Mr. Sewall at Poplar Hill. Went to visit Dr. Crawfort but he was absent, so went to Mr. Shipley's. Recommends Nelly go to Baltimore. Presumes Elizabeth Blackburn was married today.","Wheat machine broke. Sends thirty dollars. Colonel Bailey Peyton is to marry Julia Thompson. Employed three Irish workers to see if they could replace slaves but the \"experiment\" failed.","Sends a carriage up for Nelly. He shall leave tomorrow or the next day for Jefferson.","Relates arrival in Baltimore and journey to Mount Vernon. Steamboat brought five hundred visitors during the week. Misses Nelly: \"…I feel a constant yearning to have you at my side, to hear you, to see you…\"","Dreams of Nelly. Monuments were erected at the vault. Steamboat continues to come full. President Filmore and his cabinet postponed visit. Plasterer to come and fix dining room and cellars.","Will be down tomorrow accompanied by William Turner and two other gentlemen.","Is obliged to go to Fairfax Court House to \"sue out attachments against Mr. Whitehall's property.\"","Writes in haste. Ephraim died yesterday evening. Too hazardous for Nelly to come down until epidemic subsides. Sends a package containing a fan and dress.","Will be in Alexandria on Friday. Dick [Richard Washington] unwell with attack of erysipelas. Fears John Washington will be deformed. New steamboat for the Mount Vernon route will not begin trips until the week after next.","Short letter. Will not be in Alexandria before Saturday. Needs to attend to business with \"Brother\" Thomas [Blackburn Washington]. Families at Blakeley are well.","Short letter. Mother [Jane C. B. Washington] is \"dangerously ill.\" Requests a carpet bag with clean clothes. \"Send John [Michum] up tomorrow morning for my Buggy.\"","Mother is better but still weak. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding corn for mules at Marshall Hall.","Mother is better. \"I have been purchasing negroes—and am in negotiation for others…\" Gives instructions for \"grubbing and ploughing.\" Overseer position. Includes letter to daughter Louisa on same sheet regarding various cousins.","Sends Jim up with the carriage today for Nelly. Augustine writes he is \"completely tired of bacheloring.\"","Heard of Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis' illness. Describes journey with stops in Berryville and Chantilly. Harriet subject to fainting attacks. Threshing machine is set. Negotiations with Mr. Stowell as overseer. Death of General Roger Jones","Health of Aunt Eliza and Mr. Lloyd. Railroad festival at Salem [now Marshall]. Cary, Fontaine and John hunting and fishing. Describes flowers in Louisa's garden. Wharf and buildings being put up at the White House for the steamboat and visitors.","Going to Alexandria to sell a load of wheat. The slave Eliza was injured when she \"ran a needle in her arm and broke it off…\" Ends with proclamation of undying love: \"Indeed as I grow older my heart seems to cling closer to you…and never do I feel this more deeply than when you are absent from me.\"","Finished ploughing in Maryland. Tried to sell the slave Matilda but she was unwilling. Has employed a German gardener. Gives updates on the steamboat, visitors, and construction of new wharf.","Attaches a check for fifty dollars for travel expenses by canal. Good weather to begin work again. Heard through West [Ford] of Cousin Esther's death. Health of servants","Mount Vernon and other farms have lost one third to one half of harvest due to rains. Has finally engaged a Maryland bricklayer and plasterer.","Was unable to write due to a cold. Noblet Herbert's death. Disappointed in sale of mountain land. Instructions for sowing and sale of clover seed.","He cannot get up to the house. Requests beef, ham, knives and forks, Worcestershire sauce, and cream or milk.","Sold Matilda and her family to Mr. Bevin. Augustine has had attacks of ague. Cases of scarlet fever and dysentery. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding sheep and wheat machine.","Brief letter. Getting on slowly with work. Will probably not come down tomorrow.","\"Brother T's [cousin Thomas Washington] corpse has not yet arrived.\" John Alexander has dysentery.","Thomas Washington's body arrived and was buried at Charlestown. John Alexander's death. Will conclude funeral arrangements tomorrow.","Servants sick. Bought and forwarded a dress for Louisa. Will take Louisa to Bath after sale of Richwoods [home of Thomas Blackburn Washington].","\"Richard [Washington] was rather better last night.\" Brief letter.","He is detained a few days longer due to Dr. Alexander's absence. Asks Nelly to send the wagon up for coal. Has sold corn at three dollars.","Arrived in Charlestown yesterday. Restaurants in Charlestown and Harper's Ferry filthy. Richard [Washington] sold about 300 acres of his land at $60.00 per acre.","\"Alexandria May 18\" crossed out at top. His health continues to improve, will join her in a few days. Requests pills and tea.","\"My cold is broken and a great deal better.\" Regrets that sickness prevents him from joining her as planned.","Augustine writes he will be down on Thursday or Friday. Direct Mr. Browner to get ready to kill the hogs next Saturday.","Has commenced hauling today. Encloses check for fifty dollars. Sends up a swan.","Augustine writes that though his health has improved, he's still unable to return.","Sends bacon, shad and fish by West [Ford]. Wrote a short note to Nelly this morning to be delivered by girl Maria. Son Lawrence and the baby [Eleanor] are well.","Encloses a letter from California. Has had stormy weather. Requests that Nelly tell Cousin Sally or the doctor to inform him how she is.","Stormy and rainy weather prevented his going to see Nelly. Weather unfavorable for fishing.","Forwards check for $100.","Instructions to send several servants [enslaved workers?] from Mount Vernon to Alexandria.","The slave Sarah \"had run off from Mr. Taylor and had gone home this morning.\" Has not heard from Richmond [regarding sale of Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association]","Regarding negotiations with the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association.","Relates his visits with the children to the University, Monticello, Farmington, and the \"Asylums for the Insane and for the Blind and the Deaf and Dumb.\"","Relates visit to Wyers Cave. Saw John Selden and his children. Visited Cousin Ann and Miss Mary Peter. Saw Sister Hannah and Jenny. \"My farm as usual will yield but a small rent, and I have half made up my mind to sell it.\"","Brief letter. Is detained until Monday and \"then have to go to Balt[imore]. If I do not get home on Tuesday in the boat, send up for me Wednesday morning.\"","Must travel to Baltimore with Mr. Herbert. Instructs William Ford to meet him in Alexandria to show him lots [of timber?] to be labeled.","Encloses letter from Magruder Mason. Gives instructions for delivering slaves George, Charlotte and Milly who have been hired out.","Has requested Mr. Price send down game and fish. Expects to meet Willie Rogers and Mr. Robinson on Saturday.","Christian Washington's baby had an operation on her lip. Heavy fall of snow. Gives instructions regarding clover seed, ploughs, and windows of hot beds.","Shall leave tomorrow for Frederick and Fauquier and be home Friday or Saturday. Bad weather prevented his visiting friends in Audley and Berryville. Has arranged matters with Mr. Richardson about Joe [a slave boy].","Describes journey to Chicago: stops and sights. Unsure if he can make an investment in Chicago or not.","Relates investigation of investments with Mr. Wright and Mr. McFarland. Describes geography of Chicago, Lake Michigan, and river and its relation to property value. Visited a Mr. Kerfoot. Describes scenery.","Has bought two pieces of property. Gives instructions regarding harvest. Inquires after cradles and rakes.","Richard and Bushrod Washington came down with him. \"I fear I shall be disappointed in selling Marshall Hall to the person who I expected to buy it.\"","Constant rains on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. Will go to Washington to meet John F. Lee. Thinks they can move to Waveland by the first of December.","\"This box contains the correspondence between my wife and myself from October 1842 to October 1860. From the time of our engagement to her Death - John A. and E. L. Washington.\"","Dr. Lloyd's funeral will take place tomorrow. Requests suit of black clothes.","Description of journey from St. Louis to Chicago. Fertility of the prairie and poverty of inhabitants. Business in Chicago remains uncertain.","Received Nelly's letter of April 1st. Has not made much progress in his business. \"I went out yesterday about 35 miles on the Milwaukee Railroad branch…\"","Has rented a part of his property. Ogden suit will come up in a few days. Dined at Mr. Kerfoot's. Describes a \"feat of house lifting\" he witnessed.","His lawyers are confident in winning the Ogden Suit [Malebon D. Ogden vs. John A. Washington and William F. Turner]. Met with friends and relations; mentions Cassins, Grahams, and Mr. Morgan Johnson. Says he is \"wife sick or love sick.\"","Expects to leave tomorrow night or Saturday for Indianapolis and Louisville. Encloses flowers. \"I regret to hear that Miss Cunningham's enterprise turned out indifferently. It was I thought rather inconsiderate in her to attempt anything of the sort while we are living there, but I suppose she did not think of this.\"","Forgot trunk key and requests to have Nelly mail it. Has sent up boxes of silver, white and brown sugar, and soap. Gives instructions regarding a box of stolen sugar.","Going to Leesburg this morning with friends. Postscript \"Thursday morning.\"","\"Mr. Turner though still very unwell is going about a little, and we are engaged in sowing wheat…\" Bought a carpet for the library. Has sent up stair carpet rods.","Augustine writes he had intended going up to Waveland yesterday but \"as I have some little unfinished business here and have not had an opportunity of seeing Cousin H[arriet] I shall wait until tomorrow and accompany them up.\"","Reports he will not return as soon as planned. Encloses ten dollars.","After receiving her father's permission to respond to Augustine's letter, she writes that she has never before attempted such a letter. Expresses her feelings for him.","Disappointed in trip to Walnut Farm. Supposes Augustine has arrived at Mount Vernon. Death of Mrs. Mason.","If Augustine is detained, their separation will be nearly three weeks. Delivered messages to Dick. Recent storm caused flooding and destroyed fencing.","Spent yesterday at Mount Vernon. Whitewashing has improved the appearance of the yard. Longs for the twenty-sixth to come.  Miss Morey [Maury] leaves tomorrow.","Bridal party arrived [for wedding of Christian Maria and Richard Washington]. Asks Augustine to get a new pair of boots or have his mended.","Augustine's last letter dated the 10th. Pleased he employed a white overseer.","No time fixed for Dick's [Richard Washington] marriage. Will Augustine get the baby a pair of shoes? Penciled note by Augustine possibly noting property lines.","When did Augustine leave Loudon? Louisa has learned several words. Nelly has visited several friends.","Intends to have her tooth drawn. Weather very cold. Louisa learned waltzing.","Discusses weather. Mr. Stuart arrived. \"Louisa has completely retrieved her character since you left.\" Letter continues September 2nd. Nelly \"left Blakeley yesterday morning to spend this week with Aunt Maria and Anne.","Louisa's health. \"I was really gratified to hear you did not find it necessary to sell Gabriel.\" Louisa has \"several times mistaken persons down the street for you…\"","Delivery and payment of wheat. Louisa is well. Christian Washington already named her daughter Elizabeth. Old Mr. [John] Sinclair died and his slaves are to be sold.","Dined with Ellen Powell. Louisa \"fell against the table and nearly broke her nose…\"","Nelly writes she had a bad cold on Monday. Louisa's arm is almost entirely well. West [Ford] was in town yesterday. Charles Lee and Anne Gardener are engaged.","Daughter Jenny [Jane Charlotte Washington] sick with fever and welts.","Daughter Jenny and other family members illl. Cousin Thomas and Noblet returned last week. Postscript asking for money for children's dresses.","Aunt Eliza doing well. Nelly went to hear Hertz play: He is \"one of the most celebrated performers on the piano.\" Does not understand Anne's letter.","Short letter. Chastises Augustine for not writing. Asks \"is it because your wife is not of sufficient importance to you to write to her.\"","\"I shall be ready to go any day that you can come for me.\" Asks for mutton suet and cat mint.","\"Mr. George Turner, starts for Boston tomorrow, and I have determined to go under his escort.\" Discusses meetings with friends and relatives. Cousin Rebecca had a son.","Discusses harvest and rain. Jack and Anne drove up this morning. \"If there are any damsons, I wish you would have some preserved.\"","Hopes Augustine had a pleasant trip and \"felt no evil effects from crabs and oysters.\" Nelly treated Louisa's illness with calomel and oil. Sorry to hear that Mr. Moore the overseer took a wife. Enclosed note and postscript regarding letter from Sister Mary.","Inquires if the slave Mary has washed the bedstead. Will try to get a larger sheet of paper. Postscript regarding daughter Louisa's tin cow.","\"It has been nearly three weeks since my confinement…\" Uncle Bushrod [Washington] leaves for the Salt Sulphur on Monday.","Nelly and Augustine have been apart nine weeks. Describes her recovery and the new baby [Eliza]. General Rust [new owner of Exeter] traveled up on Sunday.","Requests Augustine have a log cabin built. \"Our children are well, having two babies keeps me pretty constantly employed.\" Postscript regarding poor pen and Aunt Eliza's confinement.","\"Our dear child is quite well again [Louisa].\" Hopes to hear from Augustine soon.  Postscript, \"Dear little Molly [Mary Selden Page] continues I think to improve.\"","Short letter. Aunt Eliza gave birth to a girl yesterday, about three o'clock.","Family news. Asks Augustine set a date for her to return to Mount Vernon.","Cary was thrown over his horse's head. Mrs. Carter died last night. Daughter Eliza goes looking for Augustine. Nelly makes requests and gives instructions for making preserves, \"and please don't forget my hen house.\"","Arrived Thursday evening. Requests more money to buy things for the winter. Mentions Aunt Maria, Rebecca and Dr. Tabb, and Aunt Eliza.","Daughter Eliza sick past ten days. \"Louisa and Jenny talk incessantly about you.\" Nelly has been walking a good deal.","Uncle Cary's death. Discusses children and weather. Passes on Mr. Lloyd's questions regarding hiring an overseer such as salary and privileges.","\"Old Dolly gave me the letter I enclose about ten days ago…\" Sister Mary wrote after her confinement. Today is Harriet's wedding day.","Boat landed with 50 or 60 visitors. Susan, a slave, prefers being sold.","She shall \"be down in the boat tomorrow to see you.\" Shall not bring the children.","Visitors. No one is sick. \"The boat had just come in sight and it is beginning to rain right fast…\"","Anxious to hear about Mother [Jane C. B. Washington]. A man came \"to apply for situation as overseer, at Marshall Hall…\" Note at end of letter written by Louisa Washington. Misses her father. Writes about dogs, birds, and sheep.","Has heard rumors and is unsure if Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis is dead or alive. Went to Charlestown on Sunday. Visited with relations. Describes wellbeing of her daughters: \"Maria has five teeth.\"","Expresses her happiness at receiving Augustine's last letter. Sorry to hear of Eliza's injury. Describes children's party. Would be glad if he could finish the threshing.","\"Mrs. Byrd and Mrs. Alsbone… appear very nervous about the state of our slaves. They think the negroes hate the whites so much, that we are in constant danger.\"","Louisa has measles. Dr. Lloyd shipwrecked twice and lost everything. Scarlet fever and whooping cough going around.","Daughters Jenny, Lily [Eliza] and Maria all have measles. Distressed to hear about Augustine's wheat and corn. Begs for a letter from him; \"I am miserable.\"","Steamboat quite full today with sixty or seventy persons. Tomorrow is Louisa's birthday. Spoke to Susan [a slave] and \"she prefers being sold.\"","\"Aunt Eliza had a little girl last night, she and the child are both doing well.\"","Arrived at Cave Farm on Monday. Heard that \"Mr. Alexander was so extravagant that if you were not careful, Cousin Hannah's property would all in short time go.\" Louisa looks forward to a child's party. Nelly requests vanilla.","Instructions to have her black bonnet sent up as well as a night gown, linens, and visit cards. Went to hear Dr. Butler's sermon. \"Don't forget the butter from Maryland…\"","Encloses letter from Mr. Davis. She is visiting Richard and Christian. Asks Augustine to bring the \"baby's sucking bottle.\" Gives instructions for the slave Sarah to make a brine to drop the butter in.","Richard returned from town and says that court will begin on the second Monday of October, and the sale at Claymont will take place on the following Wednesday.","Daughter [Anna] Maria broke her left arm.","Infant [Lawrence] very ill. Family news.","Nursery chimney caught on fire yesterday. Son Lawrence has been ill. Mr. Turner salted hams. Wants to see Christian and the children this winter.","Is very concerned about Lawrence's fever. Asks that Augustine send for a doctor.","Has heard that his Uncle Augustine was unwell. Requests word on how he is. Sends a bottle of castor oil.","Regrets to hear that his health has not improved. Lawrence is better.","Nelly reports that she is ready to go home and regrets that she be sent for.","Her health continues to improve, hopes to be able to return soon. Letter sent with West [Ford].","Clara [Heilman] has arrived. Nelly is disappointed that the weather keeps her away. \"I am as well as ever, look very fat…and right strong.\"","Lawrence's health improves. Postscript regarding Edith and Mrs. Powell.","Their niece Anne, daughter of Augustine's brother Richard Blackburn and Christian Washington has died.","Gives preserving instructions for slaves Sarah and Matilda. Secret engagement of Andrew Kennedy. Asks about having the dining room fixed. Anne is sick with dysentery.","\"The baby [George Washington] improves every day.\" Watermelons in the ice house.","Dined with Harriett Cazenove. \"Everything is going on at home here as usual.\"","\"Everybody is leaving so fast that by Thursday everyone will be gone…\" She can be at Walnut Farm on Saturday.","Daughter Nelly had fever and boils. Nelly writes she is delighted she left [Capon Springs] as the \"house keeper, servants and all were dismissed and the stages taken off the line on Friday.\" Instructs Augustine to bring clothes for the children.","Louisa and Jenny went to a concert. Yesterday a crowd with Masons came by boat and made a speech. Received a letter from Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham requesting permission for an address.","Much rain. Wheat looks well. Family news.","Summer weather. Had first dish of asparagus yesterday. Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham's address is Saturday with Dr. Hawks of New York as orator.","\"Yesterday was the day fixed on by Miss Cunningham for her grand doings here…. There were benches enough to accommodate six hundred but I don't think there could have been more than one hundred and fifty or two hundred at most on the grounds.\"","Received his sixth letter this morning. Mrs. Robert [Mary Anna Custis] Lee staying with them. Son George has not learned to say a word since Augustine left. \"Wishing you happy dreams and hoping I may be the burden of them as you are of mine.\"","Nelly writes she cannot find the trunk key Augustine requested. She delivered his message to Mr. Lunsford [overseer at Waveland].","Mr. Lunsford finished seeding and now setting strawberry plants. Cabbage plants have come up but they look like kale. Received letters from ladies applying for \"the situation\" [teaching position?]. Requests jonquil roots, hairpins, and tea toweling."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":172,"online_item_count_is":3,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:50:40.181Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_57.xml","title_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence"],"title_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence"],"unitdate_ssm":["1842-1860"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1842-1860"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.528"],"text":["RM.528","John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","Saw Dr. Powell on Thursday. Cases of bilious fever. Arrangements for slave Eliza's return to Mount Vernon. Crabs are \"disappearing very rapidly.\"","The collection is arranged first by letters written by John Augustine Washington III, organized chronologically, and second by letters written by Eleanor Love Selden Washington, organized chronologically.","John Augustine Washington III (1821-1861): John Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington (1824-1860): Born April 12, 1824 to Wilson Cary Selden and Louisa Elizabeth Fontaine Alexander Selden, \"Nelly\" married John Augustine Washington III on February 16, 1843. Together, they had seven children: Louisa, Jane Charlotte (\"Jenny\"), Eliza (\"Lily\"), Anna Maria, Lawrence, Eleanor (\"Nelly\"), and George. She died from childbirth October 9, 1860.","Bushrod Washington Family Papers ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection","The collection contains correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his wife Eleanor Love Selden. The letters begin during the Washingtons' engagement and continues through eighteen years of marriage, ending with a letter from John Augustine to Eleanor composed the day prior to her sudden death. The letters contain information on family matters, the management of the Mount Vernon estate, and plantation life prior to the Civil War.","Expresses his happiness at receiving Nelly's letters and love for her. \"I do not object to the whole world knowing that I love you.\"","Must defer visit to Exeter for four or five days due to appointments. His mother will visit Nelly on her way up to Leesburg.","Feels pain at parting from Nelly. Cousin William [Turner] distraught over his intention to marry Betty [Selden].","Arrived Christmas day. Distressed at being apart from Nelly. Saw the family at Mount Ida [Wilson Cary Selden, Sr.'s family] on Saturday.","Love letter. \"…as the dearest moments of my life have been with you, so the happiest hopes that my soul can form, have you for their reigning star.\"","Will probably not see or hear from Nelly until their wedding. Discredits stories that his relative Thomas Turner mistreated his family and servants.","Is unable to return to Jefferson until the middle or end of next week. Gives instructions for Dick [Richard Blackburn Washington] regarding delivery of wheat, receipts, and a shingles order. Mentions Bushrod Washington and West Ford.","Changed route after leaving Nelly. Hopes Nelly recovers from her headaches. Did she get the box from Stabler's safely?","\"Time hangs heavily on me when you are absent…\" Updates on relations. A new academy is to be built opposite Mr. Burr Harrison's. Leaves for Jefferson tomorrow.","\"…not having been aware of my right to vote out of the county in which I resided, at the Presidential election I made arrangements to return home…\" Hyacinths planted.","His case came up in Court and estate committed to Augustine's hands. Encloses ten dollars to entertain Dick and Christian Washington. Two or three snowstorms since his arrival at Blakeley. Scarlet fever prevailing.","Scarlet fever disappeared. Direct West [Ford] to tell William Hayes to procure eggs or chickens, \"but know the price beforehand, or he will charge you double.\"","Absence of Gabriel and desertion of some of the hired hands. Has decided not to sell Gabriel. \"If it were possible to without them [slaves], I do not think I could own one, but situated as we are, landed property would be almost valueless without them, and it is a matter of necessity to have their labor.\"","Sowing wheat. \"I have never had soft crabs in perfection before.\" Asks if mother [Jane C. B. Washington] has received money on his wheat. Offers two sets of names for Dick and Christian Washington's daughter.","Sale of Exeter will not take place until spring. Dr. Alexander struggling with debt.","\"I have not seen our friends here, but hear that Bentley bought Cousin Eliza's negroes at $1,200.00.\"","Mother [Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington] ill. His letter will be taken to Nelly \"by two negro men who I have purchased, and by Julia whom I send down. I wish West to set them to getting rails…\"","\"I left the negroes I got in Alexandria, where I had an offer of $650.00 for them from a negro trader, but I prefer selling to a private person if I can do so. I found several of the servants sick, and Phil who was very low, died this evening.\"","Servants recovering. Nelly's cloak was dyed mazarine blue. Shall begin seeding wheat.","West [Ford] has taken sick this morning. \"The stockings and socks for the negroes are nearly done…The coat patterns are eaten up by the rats…\"","Got up to Blakeley night before last accompanied by Charles Washington. \"I have the prospect of employing an overseer for next year.\"","He has been trying to procure signatures for a \"petition for the division of our county.\" The sale of Woodlawn and the Quakers who are to settle on it.","Received Nelly's letter of September 18th. Has succeeded in obtaining an overseer \"at the rate of one hundred and fifty dollars a year.\"","Relates journey to Blakeley. Was delayed as Turbeville Stuart had typhus or nervous fever. Pneumonia and typhoid fever \"prevailing through this neighborhood.\"","Augustine is losing his overseer due to his marriage to a widow, Ms. Spence. Discusses case at the Alexandria Superior Court.","\"Between pleasant company and bad weather I was detained in the lower country some days longer than I expected.\" Pleased with Gloucester. Disappointed in Old Point. Gabriel's duties and tasks.","Has been twice at church. Hopes Nelly received a package with silk, a bottle with slips, and peach stones. Preserves and pickles are done.","Describes weather and damage caused by drought and storms. Mr. Turner informs him that he can probably obtain an overseer but \"the chance of getting a tenant is not so good.\"","Returned home yesterday from trip to Maryland. Visited Mr. Sewall at Poplar Hill. Went to visit Dr. Crawfort but he was absent, so went to Mr. Shipley's. Recommends Nelly go to Baltimore. Presumes Elizabeth Blackburn was married today.","Wheat machine broke. Sends thirty dollars. Colonel Bailey Peyton is to marry Julia Thompson. Employed three Irish workers to see if they could replace slaves but the \"experiment\" failed.","Sends a carriage up for Nelly. He shall leave tomorrow or the next day for Jefferson.","Relates arrival in Baltimore and journey to Mount Vernon. Steamboat brought five hundred visitors during the week. Misses Nelly: \"…I feel a constant yearning to have you at my side, to hear you, to see you…\"","Dreams of Nelly. Monuments were erected at the vault. Steamboat continues to come full. President Filmore and his cabinet postponed visit. Plasterer to come and fix dining room and cellars.","Will be down tomorrow accompanied by William Turner and two other gentlemen.","Is obliged to go to Fairfax Court House to \"sue out attachments against Mr. Whitehall's property.\"","Writes in haste. Ephraim died yesterday evening. Too hazardous for Nelly to come down until epidemic subsides. Sends a package containing a fan and dress.","Will be in Alexandria on Friday. Dick [Richard Washington] unwell with attack of erysipelas. Fears John Washington will be deformed. New steamboat for the Mount Vernon route will not begin trips until the week after next.","Short letter. Will not be in Alexandria before Saturday. Needs to attend to business with \"Brother\" Thomas [Blackburn Washington]. Families at Blakeley are well.","Short letter. Mother [Jane C. B. Washington] is \"dangerously ill.\" Requests a carpet bag with clean clothes. \"Send John [Michum] up tomorrow morning for my Buggy.\"","Mother is better but still weak. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding corn for mules at Marshall Hall.","Mother is better. \"I have been purchasing negroes—and am in negotiation for others…\" Gives instructions for \"grubbing and ploughing.\" Overseer position. Includes letter to daughter Louisa on same sheet regarding various cousins.","Sends Jim up with the carriage today for Nelly. Augustine writes he is \"completely tired of bacheloring.\"","Heard of Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis' illness. Describes journey with stops in Berryville and Chantilly. Harriet subject to fainting attacks. Threshing machine is set. Negotiations with Mr. Stowell as overseer. Death of General Roger Jones","Health of Aunt Eliza and Mr. Lloyd. Railroad festival at Salem [now Marshall]. Cary, Fontaine and John hunting and fishing. Describes flowers in Louisa's garden. Wharf and buildings being put up at the White House for the steamboat and visitors.","Going to Alexandria to sell a load of wheat. The slave Eliza was injured when she \"ran a needle in her arm and broke it off…\" Ends with proclamation of undying love: \"Indeed as I grow older my heart seems to cling closer to you…and never do I feel this more deeply than when you are absent from me.\"","Finished ploughing in Maryland. Tried to sell the slave Matilda but she was unwilling. Has employed a German gardener. Gives updates on the steamboat, visitors, and construction of new wharf.","Attaches a check for fifty dollars for travel expenses by canal. Good weather to begin work again. Heard through West [Ford] of Cousin Esther's death. Health of servants","Mount Vernon and other farms have lost one third to one half of harvest due to rains. Has finally engaged a Maryland bricklayer and plasterer.","Was unable to write due to a cold. Noblet Herbert's death. Disappointed in sale of mountain land. Instructions for sowing and sale of clover seed.","He cannot get up to the house. Requests beef, ham, knives and forks, Worcestershire sauce, and cream or milk.","Sold Matilda and her family to Mr. Bevin. Augustine has had attacks of ague. Cases of scarlet fever and dysentery. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding sheep and wheat machine.","Brief letter. Getting on slowly with work. Will probably not come down tomorrow.","\"Brother T's [cousin Thomas Washington] corpse has not yet arrived.\" John Alexander has dysentery.","Thomas Washington's body arrived and was buried at Charlestown. John Alexander's death. Will conclude funeral arrangements tomorrow.","Servants sick. Bought and forwarded a dress for Louisa. Will take Louisa to Bath after sale of Richwoods [home of Thomas Blackburn Washington].","\"Richard [Washington] was rather better last night.\" Brief letter.","He is detained a few days longer due to Dr. Alexander's absence. Asks Nelly to send the wagon up for coal. Has sold corn at three dollars.","Arrived in Charlestown yesterday. Restaurants in Charlestown and Harper's Ferry filthy. Richard [Washington] sold about 300 acres of his land at $60.00 per acre.","\"Alexandria May 18\" crossed out at top. His health continues to improve, will join her in a few days. Requests pills and tea.","\"My cold is broken and a great deal better.\" Regrets that sickness prevents him from joining her as planned.","Augustine writes he will be down on Thursday or Friday. Direct Mr. Browner to get ready to kill the hogs next Saturday.","Has commenced hauling today. Encloses check for fifty dollars. Sends up a swan.","Augustine writes that though his health has improved, he's still unable to return.","Sends bacon, shad and fish by West [Ford]. Wrote a short note to Nelly this morning to be delivered by girl Maria. Son Lawrence and the baby [Eleanor] are well.","Encloses a letter from California. Has had stormy weather. Requests that Nelly tell Cousin Sally or the doctor to inform him how she is.","Stormy and rainy weather prevented his going to see Nelly. Weather unfavorable for fishing.","Forwards check for $100.","Instructions to send several servants [enslaved workers?] from Mount Vernon to Alexandria.","The slave Sarah \"had run off from Mr. Taylor and had gone home this morning.\" Has not heard from Richmond [regarding sale of Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association]","Regarding negotiations with the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association.","Relates his visits with the children to the University, Monticello, Farmington, and the \"Asylums for the Insane and for the Blind and the Deaf and Dumb.\"","Relates visit to Wyers Cave. Saw John Selden and his children. Visited Cousin Ann and Miss Mary Peter. Saw Sister Hannah and Jenny. \"My farm as usual will yield but a small rent, and I have half made up my mind to sell it.\"","Brief letter. Is detained until Monday and \"then have to go to Balt[imore]. If I do not get home on Tuesday in the boat, send up for me Wednesday morning.\"","Must travel to Baltimore with Mr. Herbert. Instructs William Ford to meet him in Alexandria to show him lots [of timber?] to be labeled.","Encloses letter from Magruder Mason. Gives instructions for delivering slaves George, Charlotte and Milly who have been hired out.","Has requested Mr. Price send down game and fish. Expects to meet Willie Rogers and Mr. Robinson on Saturday.","Christian Washington's baby had an operation on her lip. Heavy fall of snow. Gives instructions regarding clover seed, ploughs, and windows of hot beds.","Shall leave tomorrow for Frederick and Fauquier and be home Friday or Saturday. Bad weather prevented his visiting friends in Audley and Berryville. Has arranged matters with Mr. Richardson about Joe [a slave boy].","Describes journey to Chicago: stops and sights. Unsure if he can make an investment in Chicago or not.","Relates investigation of investments with Mr. Wright and Mr. McFarland. Describes geography of Chicago, Lake Michigan, and river and its relation to property value. Visited a Mr. Kerfoot. Describes scenery.","Has bought two pieces of property. Gives instructions regarding harvest. Inquires after cradles and rakes.","Richard and Bushrod Washington came down with him. \"I fear I shall be disappointed in selling Marshall Hall to the person who I expected to buy it.\"","Constant rains on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. Will go to Washington to meet John F. Lee. Thinks they can move to Waveland by the first of December.","\"This box contains the correspondence between my wife and myself from October 1842 to October 1860. From the time of our engagement to her Death - John A. and E. L. Washington.\"","Dr. Lloyd's funeral will take place tomorrow. Requests suit of black clothes.","Description of journey from St. Louis to Chicago. Fertility of the prairie and poverty of inhabitants. Business in Chicago remains uncertain.","Received Nelly's letter of April 1st. Has not made much progress in his business. \"I went out yesterday about 35 miles on the Milwaukee Railroad branch…\"","Has rented a part of his property. Ogden suit will come up in a few days. Dined at Mr. Kerfoot's. Describes a \"feat of house lifting\" he witnessed.","His lawyers are confident in winning the Ogden Suit [Malebon D. Ogden vs. John A. Washington and William F. Turner]. Met with friends and relations; mentions Cassins, Grahams, and Mr. Morgan Johnson. Says he is \"wife sick or love sick.\"","Expects to leave tomorrow night or Saturday for Indianapolis and Louisville. Encloses flowers. \"I regret to hear that Miss Cunningham's enterprise turned out indifferently. It was I thought rather inconsiderate in her to attempt anything of the sort while we are living there, but I suppose she did not think of this.\"","Forgot trunk key and requests to have Nelly mail it. Has sent up boxes of silver, white and brown sugar, and soap. Gives instructions regarding a box of stolen sugar.","Going to Leesburg this morning with friends. Postscript \"Thursday morning.\"","\"Mr. Turner though still very unwell is going about a little, and we are engaged in sowing wheat…\" Bought a carpet for the library. Has sent up stair carpet rods.","Augustine writes he had intended going up to Waveland yesterday but \"as I have some little unfinished business here and have not had an opportunity of seeing Cousin H[arriet] I shall wait until tomorrow and accompany them up.\"","Reports he will not return as soon as planned. Encloses ten dollars.","After receiving her father's permission to respond to Augustine's letter, she writes that she has never before attempted such a letter. Expresses her feelings for him.","Disappointed in trip to Walnut Farm. Supposes Augustine has arrived at Mount Vernon. Death of Mrs. Mason.","If Augustine is detained, their separation will be nearly three weeks. Delivered messages to Dick. Recent storm caused flooding and destroyed fencing.","Spent yesterday at Mount Vernon. Whitewashing has improved the appearance of the yard. Longs for the twenty-sixth to come.  Miss Morey [Maury] leaves tomorrow.","Bridal party arrived [for wedding of Christian Maria and Richard Washington]. Asks Augustine to get a new pair of boots or have his mended.","Augustine's last letter dated the 10th. Pleased he employed a white overseer.","No time fixed for Dick's [Richard Washington] marriage. Will Augustine get the baby a pair of shoes? Penciled note by Augustine possibly noting property lines.","When did Augustine leave Loudon? Louisa has learned several words. Nelly has visited several friends.","Intends to have her tooth drawn. Weather very cold. Louisa learned waltzing.","Discusses weather. Mr. Stuart arrived. \"Louisa has completely retrieved her character since you left.\" Letter continues September 2nd. Nelly \"left Blakeley yesterday morning to spend this week with Aunt Maria and Anne.","Louisa's health. \"I was really gratified to hear you did not find it necessary to sell Gabriel.\" Louisa has \"several times mistaken persons down the street for you…\"","Delivery and payment of wheat. Louisa is well. Christian Washington already named her daughter Elizabeth. Old Mr. [John] Sinclair died and his slaves are to be sold.","Dined with Ellen Powell. Louisa \"fell against the table and nearly broke her nose…\"","Nelly writes she had a bad cold on Monday. Louisa's arm is almost entirely well. West [Ford] was in town yesterday. Charles Lee and Anne Gardener are engaged.","Daughter Jenny [Jane Charlotte Washington] sick with fever and welts.","Daughter Jenny and other family members illl. Cousin Thomas and Noblet returned last week. Postscript asking for money for children's dresses.","Aunt Eliza doing well. Nelly went to hear Hertz play: He is \"one of the most celebrated performers on the piano.\" Does not understand Anne's letter.","Short letter. Chastises Augustine for not writing. Asks \"is it because your wife is not of sufficient importance to you to write to her.\"","\"I shall be ready to go any day that you can come for me.\" Asks for mutton suet and cat mint.","\"Mr. George Turner, starts for Boston tomorrow, and I have determined to go under his escort.\" Discusses meetings with friends and relatives. Cousin Rebecca had a son.","Discusses harvest and rain. Jack and Anne drove up this morning. \"If there are any damsons, I wish you would have some preserved.\"","Hopes Augustine had a pleasant trip and \"felt no evil effects from crabs and oysters.\" Nelly treated Louisa's illness with calomel and oil. Sorry to hear that Mr. Moore the overseer took a wife. Enclosed note and postscript regarding letter from Sister Mary.","Inquires if the slave Mary has washed the bedstead. Will try to get a larger sheet of paper. Postscript regarding daughter Louisa's tin cow.","\"It has been nearly three weeks since my confinement…\" Uncle Bushrod [Washington] leaves for the Salt Sulphur on Monday.","Nelly and Augustine have been apart nine weeks. Describes her recovery and the new baby [Eliza]. General Rust [new owner of Exeter] traveled up on Sunday.","Requests Augustine have a log cabin built. \"Our children are well, having two babies keeps me pretty constantly employed.\" Postscript regarding poor pen and Aunt Eliza's confinement.","\"Our dear child is quite well again [Louisa].\" Hopes to hear from Augustine soon.  Postscript, \"Dear little Molly [Mary Selden Page] continues I think to improve.\"","Short letter. Aunt Eliza gave birth to a girl yesterday, about three o'clock.","Family news. Asks Augustine set a date for her to return to Mount Vernon.","Cary was thrown over his horse's head. Mrs. Carter died last night. Daughter Eliza goes looking for Augustine. Nelly makes requests and gives instructions for making preserves, \"and please don't forget my hen house.\"","Arrived Thursday evening. Requests more money to buy things for the winter. Mentions Aunt Maria, Rebecca and Dr. Tabb, and Aunt Eliza.","Daughter Eliza sick past ten days. \"Louisa and Jenny talk incessantly about you.\" Nelly has been walking a good deal.","Uncle Cary's death. Discusses children and weather. Passes on Mr. Lloyd's questions regarding hiring an overseer such as salary and privileges.","\"Old Dolly gave me the letter I enclose about ten days ago…\" Sister Mary wrote after her confinement. Today is Harriet's wedding day.","Boat landed with 50 or 60 visitors. Susan, a slave, prefers being sold.","She shall \"be down in the boat tomorrow to see you.\" Shall not bring the children.","Visitors. No one is sick. \"The boat had just come in sight and it is beginning to rain right fast…\"","Anxious to hear about Mother [Jane C. B. Washington]. A man came \"to apply for situation as overseer, at Marshall Hall…\" Note at end of letter written by Louisa Washington. Misses her father. Writes about dogs, birds, and sheep.","Has heard rumors and is unsure if Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis is dead or alive. Went to Charlestown on Sunday. Visited with relations. Describes wellbeing of her daughters: \"Maria has five teeth.\"","Expresses her happiness at receiving Augustine's last letter. Sorry to hear of Eliza's injury. Describes children's party. Would be glad if he could finish the threshing.","\"Mrs. Byrd and Mrs. Alsbone… appear very nervous about the state of our slaves. They think the negroes hate the whites so much, that we are in constant danger.\"","Louisa has measles. Dr. Lloyd shipwrecked twice and lost everything. Scarlet fever and whooping cough going around.","Daughters Jenny, Lily [Eliza] and Maria all have measles. Distressed to hear about Augustine's wheat and corn. Begs for a letter from him; \"I am miserable.\"","Steamboat quite full today with sixty or seventy persons. Tomorrow is Louisa's birthday. Spoke to Susan [a slave] and \"she prefers being sold.\"","\"Aunt Eliza had a little girl last night, she and the child are both doing well.\"","Arrived at Cave Farm on Monday. Heard that \"Mr. Alexander was so extravagant that if you were not careful, Cousin Hannah's property would all in short time go.\" Louisa looks forward to a child's party. Nelly requests vanilla.","Instructions to have her black bonnet sent up as well as a night gown, linens, and visit cards. Went to hear Dr. Butler's sermon. \"Don't forget the butter from Maryland…\"","Encloses letter from Mr. Davis. She is visiting Richard and Christian. Asks Augustine to bring the \"baby's sucking bottle.\" Gives instructions for the slave Sarah to make a brine to drop the butter in.","Richard returned from town and says that court will begin on the second Monday of October, and the sale at Claymont will take place on the following Wednesday.","Daughter [Anna] Maria broke her left arm.","Infant [Lawrence] very ill. Family news.","Nursery chimney caught on fire yesterday. Son Lawrence has been ill. Mr. Turner salted hams. Wants to see Christian and the children this winter.","Is very concerned about Lawrence's fever. Asks that Augustine send for a doctor.","Has heard that his Uncle Augustine was unwell. Requests word on how he is. Sends a bottle of castor oil.","Regrets to hear that his health has not improved. Lawrence is better.","Nelly reports that she is ready to go home and regrets that she be sent for.","Her health continues to improve, hopes to be able to return soon. Letter sent with West [Ford].","Clara [Heilman] has arrived. Nelly is disappointed that the weather keeps her away. \"I am as well as ever, look very fat…and right strong.\"","Lawrence's health improves. Postscript regarding Edith and Mrs. Powell.","Their niece Anne, daughter of Augustine's brother Richard Blackburn and Christian Washington has died.","Gives preserving instructions for slaves Sarah and Matilda. Secret engagement of Andrew Kennedy. Asks about having the dining room fixed. Anne is sick with dysentery.","\"The baby [George Washington] improves every day.\" Watermelons in the ice house.","Dined with Harriett Cazenove. \"Everything is going on at home here as usual.\"","\"Everybody is leaving so fast that by Thursday everyone will be gone…\" She can be at Walnut Farm on Saturday.","Daughter Nelly had fever and boils. Nelly writes she is delighted she left [Capon Springs] as the \"house keeper, servants and all were dismissed and the stages taken off the line on Friday.\" Instructs Augustine to bring clothes for the children.","Louisa and Jenny went to a concert. Yesterday a crowd with Masons came by boat and made a speech. Received a letter from Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham requesting permission for an address.","Much rain. Wheat looks well. Family news.","Summer weather. Had first dish of asparagus yesterday. Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham's address is Saturday with Dr. Hawks of New York as orator.","\"Yesterday was the day fixed on by Miss Cunningham for her grand doings here…. There were benches enough to accommodate six hundred but I don't think there could have been more than one hundred and fifty or two hundred at most on the grounds.\"","Received his sixth letter this morning. Mrs. Robert [Mary Anna Custis] Lee staying with them. Son George has not learned to say a word since Augustine left. \"Wishing you happy dreams and hoping I may be the burden of them as you are of mine.\"","Nelly writes she cannot find the trunk key Augustine requested. She delivered his message to Mr. Lunsford [overseer at Waveland].","Mr. Lunsford finished seeding and now setting strawberry plants. Cabbage plants have come up but they look like kale. Received letters from ladies applying for \"the situation\" [teaching position?]. Requests jonquil roots, hairpins, and tea toweling.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.528"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence"],"collection_ssim":["John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["0.5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":["0.5 Linear Feet"],"physfacet_tesim":["2 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSaw Dr. Powell on Thursday. Cases of bilious fever. Arrangements for slave Eliza's return to Mount Vernon. Crabs are \"disappearing very rapidly.\"\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Existence and Location of Copies"],"altformavail_tesim":["Saw Dr. Powell on Thursday. Cases of bilious fever. Arrangements for slave Eliza's return to Mount Vernon. Crabs are \"disappearing very rapidly.\""],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged first by letters written by John Augustine Washington III, organized chronologically, and second by letters written by Eleanor Love Selden Washington, organized chronologically.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged first by letters written by John Augustine Washington III, organized chronologically, and second by letters written by Eleanor Love Selden Washington, organized chronologically."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III (1821-1861): John Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEleanor Love Selden Washington (1824-1860): Born April 12, 1824 to Wilson Cary Selden and Louisa Elizabeth Fontaine Alexander Selden, \"Nelly\" married John Augustine Washington III on February 16, 1843. Together, they had seven children: Louisa, Jane Charlotte (\"Jenny\"), Eliza (\"Lily\"), Anna Maria, Lawrence, Eleanor (\"Nelly\"), and George. She died from childbirth October 9, 1860.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III (1821-1861): John Augustine Washington was the great-grandnephew of George Washington and the last Washington to own Mount Vernon before its sale to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association (MVLA).  He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, and returned to Mount Vernon to manage the declining estate with his widowed mother's permission. In 1843, he married Eleanor Love Selden with whom he had seven children. He sold 200 acres of Mount Vernon to the MVLA in 1858 for $200,000, and he and his family moved to Waveland plantation in Fauquier County, Virginia in 1860. He served as aide-de-camp to General Robert E. Lee, but was shot by a bushwhacker and died one week later on September 13, 1861.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington (1824-1860): Born April 12, 1824 to Wilson Cary Selden and Louisa Elizabeth Fontaine Alexander Selden, \"Nelly\" married John Augustine Washington III on February 16, 1843. Together, they had seven children: Louisa, Jane Charlotte (\"Jenny\"), Eliza (\"Lily\"), Anna Maria, Lawrence, Eleanor (\"Nelly\"), and George. She died from childbirth October 9, 1860."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernonn [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden correspondence, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernonn [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBushrod Washington Family Papers ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Bushrod Washington Family Papers ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nElswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection contains correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his wife Eleanor Love Selden. The letters begin during the Washingtons' engagement and continues through eighteen years of marriage, ending with a letter from John Augustine to Eleanor composed the day prior to her sudden death. The letters contain information on family matters, the management of the Mount Vernon estate, and plantation life prior to the Civil War.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses his happiness at receiving Nelly's letters and love for her. \"I do not object to the whole world knowing that I love you.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMust defer visit to Exeter for four or five days due to appointments. His mother will visit Nelly on her way up to Leesburg.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeels pain at parting from Nelly. Cousin William [Turner] distraught over his intention to marry Betty [Selden].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrived Christmas day. Distressed at being apart from Nelly. Saw the family at Mount Ida [Wilson Cary Selden, Sr.'s family] on Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLove letter. \"…as the dearest moments of my life have been with you, so the happiest hopes that my soul can form, have you for their reigning star.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill probably not see or hear from Nelly until their wedding. Discredits stories that his relative Thomas Turner mistreated his family and servants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to return to Jefferson until the middle or end of next week. Gives instructions for Dick [Richard Blackburn Washington] regarding delivery of wheat, receipts, and a shingles order. Mentions Bushrod Washington and West Ford.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChanged route after leaving Nelly. Hopes Nelly recovers from her headaches. Did she get the box from Stabler's safely?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Time hangs heavily on me when you are absent…\" Updates on relations. A new academy is to be built opposite Mr. Burr Harrison's. Leaves for Jefferson tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"…not having been aware of my right to vote out of the county in which I resided, at the Presidential election I made arrangements to return home…\" Hyacinths planted.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis case came up in Court and estate committed to Augustine's hands. Encloses ten dollars to entertain Dick and Christian Washington. Two or three snowstorms since his arrival at Blakeley. Scarlet fever prevailing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eScarlet fever disappeared. Direct West [Ford] to tell William Hayes to procure eggs or chickens, \"but know the price beforehand, or he will charge you double.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAbsence of Gabriel and desertion of some of the hired hands. Has decided not to sell Gabriel. \"If it were possible to without them [slaves], I do not think I could own one, but situated as we are, landed property would be almost valueless without them, and it is a matter of necessity to have their labor.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSowing wheat. \"I have never had soft crabs in perfection before.\" Asks if mother [Jane C. B. Washington] has received money on his wheat. Offers two sets of names for Dick and Christian Washington's daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSale of Exeter will not take place until spring. Dr. Alexander struggling with debt.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I have not seen our friends here, but hear that Bentley bought Cousin Eliza's negroes at $1,200.00.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMother [Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington] ill. His letter will be taken to Nelly \"by two negro men who I have purchased, and by Julia whom I send down. I wish West to set them to getting rails…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I left the negroes I got in Alexandria, where I had an offer of $650.00 for them from a negro trader, but I prefer selling to a private person if I can do so. I found several of the servants sick, and Phil who was very low, died this evening.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServants recovering. Nelly's cloak was dyed mazarine blue. Shall begin seeding wheat.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWest [Ford] has taken sick this morning. \"The stockings and socks for the negroes are nearly done…The coat patterns are eaten up by the rats…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGot up to Blakeley night before last accompanied by Charles Washington. \"I have the prospect of employing an overseer for next year.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe has been trying to procure signatures for a \"petition for the division of our county.\" The sale of Woodlawn and the Quakers who are to settle on it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived Nelly's letter of September 18th. Has succeeded in obtaining an overseer \"at the rate of one hundred and fifty dollars a year.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates journey to Blakeley. Was delayed as Turbeville Stuart had typhus or nervous fever. Pneumonia and typhoid fever \"prevailing through this neighborhood.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugustine is losing his overseer due to his marriage to a widow, Ms. Spence. Discusses case at the Alexandria Superior Court.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Between pleasant company and bad weather I was detained in the lower country some days longer than I expected.\" Pleased with Gloucester. Disappointed in Old Point. Gabriel's duties and tasks.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been twice at church. Hopes Nelly received a package with silk, a bottle with slips, and peach stones. Preserves and pickles are done.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes weather and damage caused by drought and storms. Mr. Turner informs him that he can probably obtain an overseer but \"the chance of getting a tenant is not so good.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReturned home yesterday from trip to Maryland. Visited Mr. Sewall at Poplar Hill. Went to visit Dr. Crawfort but he was absent, so went to Mr. Shipley's. Recommends Nelly go to Baltimore. Presumes Elizabeth Blackburn was married today.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWheat machine broke. Sends thirty dollars. Colonel Bailey Peyton is to marry Julia Thompson. Employed three Irish workers to see if they could replace slaves but the \"experiment\" failed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends a carriage up for Nelly. He shall leave tomorrow or the next day for Jefferson.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates arrival in Baltimore and journey to Mount Vernon. Steamboat brought five hundred visitors during the week. Misses Nelly: \"…I feel a constant yearning to have you at my side, to hear you, to see you…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDreams of Nelly. Monuments were erected at the vault. Steamboat continues to come full. President Filmore and his cabinet postponed visit. Plasterer to come and fix dining room and cellars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill be down tomorrow accompanied by William Turner and two other gentlemen.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs obliged to go to Fairfax Court House to \"sue out attachments against Mr. Whitehall's property.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites in haste. Ephraim died yesterday evening. Too hazardous for Nelly to come down until epidemic subsides. Sends a package containing a fan and dress.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill be in Alexandria on Friday. Dick [Richard Washington] unwell with attack of erysipelas. Fears John Washington will be deformed. New steamboat for the Mount Vernon route will not begin trips until the week after next.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShort letter. Will not be in Alexandria before Saturday. Needs to attend to business with \"Brother\" Thomas [Blackburn Washington]. Families at Blakeley are well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShort letter. Mother [Jane C. B. Washington] is \"dangerously ill.\" Requests a carpet bag with clean clothes. \"Send John [Michum] up tomorrow morning for my Buggy.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMother is better but still weak. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding corn for mules at Marshall Hall.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMother is better. \"I have been purchasing negroes—and am in negotiation for others…\" Gives instructions for \"grubbing and ploughing.\" Overseer position. Includes letter to daughter Louisa on same sheet regarding various cousins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends Jim up with the carriage today for Nelly. Augustine writes he is \"completely tired of bacheloring.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeard of Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis' illness. Describes journey with stops in Berryville and Chantilly. Harriet subject to fainting attacks. Threshing machine is set. Negotiations with Mr. Stowell as overseer. Death of General Roger Jones\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHealth of Aunt Eliza and Mr. Lloyd. Railroad festival at Salem [now Marshall]. Cary, Fontaine and John hunting and fishing. Describes flowers in Louisa's garden. Wharf and buildings being put up at the White House for the steamboat and visitors.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoing to Alexandria to sell a load of wheat. The slave Eliza was injured when she \"ran a needle in her arm and broke it off…\" Ends with proclamation of undying love: \"Indeed as I grow older my heart seems to cling closer to you…and never do I feel this more deeply than when you are absent from me.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFinished ploughing in Maryland. Tried to sell the slave Matilda but she was unwilling. Has employed a German gardener. Gives updates on the steamboat, visitors, and construction of new wharf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAttaches a check for fifty dollars for travel expenses by canal. Good weather to begin work again. Heard through West [Ford] of Cousin Esther's death. Health of servants\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMount Vernon and other farms have lost one third to one half of harvest due to rains. Has finally engaged a Maryland bricklayer and plasterer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas unable to write due to a cold. Noblet Herbert's death. Disappointed in sale of mountain land. Instructions for sowing and sale of clover seed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe cannot get up to the house. Requests beef, ham, knives and forks, Worcestershire sauce, and cream or milk.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSold Matilda and her family to Mr. Bevin. Augustine has had attacks of ague. Cases of scarlet fever and dysentery. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding sheep and wheat machine.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrief letter. Getting on slowly with work. Will probably not come down tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Brother T's [cousin Thomas Washington] corpse has not yet arrived.\" John Alexander has dysentery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThomas Washington's body arrived and was buried at Charlestown. John Alexander's death. Will conclude funeral arrangements tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eServants sick. Bought and forwarded a dress for Louisa. Will take Louisa to Bath after sale of Richwoods [home of Thomas Blackburn Washington].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Richard [Washington] was rather better last night.\" Brief letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is detained a few days longer due to Dr. Alexander's absence. Asks Nelly to send the wagon up for coal. Has sold corn at three dollars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrived in Charlestown yesterday. Restaurants in Charlestown and Harper's Ferry filthy. Richard [Washington] sold about 300 acres of his land at $60.00 per acre.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Alexandria May 18\" crossed out at top. His health continues to improve, will join her in a few days. Requests pills and tea.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"My cold is broken and a great deal better.\" Regrets that sickness prevents him from joining her as planned.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugustine writes he will be down on Thursday or Friday. Direct Mr. Browner to get ready to kill the hogs next Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas commenced hauling today. Encloses check for fifty dollars. Sends up a swan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugustine writes that though his health has improved, he's still unable to return.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends bacon, shad and fish by West [Ford]. Wrote a short note to Nelly this morning to be delivered by girl Maria. Son Lawrence and the baby [Eleanor] are well.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a letter from California. Has had stormy weather. Requests that Nelly tell Cousin Sally or the doctor to inform him how she is.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStormy and rainy weather prevented his going to see Nelly. Weather unfavorable for fishing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForwards check for $100.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstructions to send several servants [enslaved workers?] from Mount Vernon to Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe slave Sarah \"had run off from Mr. Taylor and had gone home this morning.\" Has not heard from Richmond [regarding sale of Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association]\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegarding negotiations with the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates his visits with the children to the University, Monticello, Farmington, and the \"Asylums for the Insane and for the Blind and the Deaf and Dumb.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates visit to Wyers Cave. Saw John Selden and his children. Visited Cousin Ann and Miss Mary Peter. Saw Sister Hannah and Jenny. \"My farm as usual will yield but a small rent, and I have half made up my mind to sell it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrief letter. Is detained until Monday and \"then have to go to Balt[imore]. If I do not get home on Tuesday in the boat, send up for me Wednesday morning.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMust travel to Baltimore with Mr. Herbert. Instructs William Ford to meet him in Alexandria to show him lots [of timber?] to be labeled.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses letter from Magruder Mason. Gives instructions for delivering slaves George, Charlotte and Milly who have been hired out.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas requested Mr. Price send down game and fish. Expects to meet Willie Rogers and Mr. Robinson on Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eChristian Washington's baby had an operation on her lip. Heavy fall of snow. Gives instructions regarding clover seed, ploughs, and windows of hot beds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShall leave tomorrow for Frederick and Fauquier and be home Friday or Saturday. Bad weather prevented his visiting friends in Audley and Berryville. Has arranged matters with Mr. Richardson about Joe [a slave boy].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes journey to Chicago: stops and sights. Unsure if he can make an investment in Chicago or not.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRelates investigation of investments with Mr. Wright and Mr. McFarland. Describes geography of Chicago, Lake Michigan, and river and its relation to property value. Visited a Mr. Kerfoot. Describes scenery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas bought two pieces of property. Gives instructions regarding harvest. Inquires after cradles and rakes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard and Bushrod Washington came down with him. \"I fear I shall be disappointed in selling Marshall Hall to the person who I expected to buy it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eConstant rains on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. Will go to Washington to meet John F. Lee. Thinks they can move to Waveland by the first of December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"This box contains the correspondence between my wife and myself from October 1842 to October 1860. From the time of our engagement to her Death - John A. and E. L. Washington.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDr. Lloyd's funeral will take place tomorrow. Requests suit of black clothes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescription of journey from St. Louis to Chicago. Fertility of the prairie and poverty of inhabitants. Business in Chicago remains uncertain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived Nelly's letter of April 1st. Has not made much progress in his business. \"I went out yesterday about 35 miles on the Milwaukee Railroad branch…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas rented a part of his property. Ogden suit will come up in a few days. Dined at Mr. Kerfoot's. Describes a \"feat of house lifting\" he witnessed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis lawyers are confident in winning the Ogden Suit [Malebon D. Ogden vs. John A. Washington and William F. Turner]. Met with friends and relations; mentions Cassins, Grahams, and Mr. Morgan Johnson. Says he is \"wife sick or love sick.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpects to leave tomorrow night or Saturday for Indianapolis and Louisville. Encloses flowers. \"I regret to hear that Miss Cunningham's enterprise turned out indifferently. It was I thought rather inconsiderate in her to attempt anything of the sort while we are living there, but I suppose she did not think of this.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eForgot trunk key and requests to have Nelly mail it. Has sent up boxes of silver, white and brown sugar, and soap. Gives instructions regarding a box of stolen sugar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGoing to Leesburg this morning with friends. Postscript \"Thursday morning.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Mr. Turner though still very unwell is going about a little, and we are engaged in sowing wheat…\" Bought a carpet for the library. Has sent up stair carpet rods.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugustine writes he had intended going up to Waveland yesterday but \"as I have some little unfinished business here and have not had an opportunity of seeing Cousin H[arriet] I shall wait until tomorrow and accompany them up.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports he will not return as soon as planned. Encloses ten dollars.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAfter receiving her father's permission to respond to Augustine's letter, she writes that she has never before attempted such a letter. Expresses her feelings for him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDisappointed in trip to Walnut Farm. Supposes Augustine has arrived at Mount Vernon. Death of Mrs. Mason.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIf Augustine is detained, their separation will be nearly three weeks. Delivered messages to Dick. Recent storm caused flooding and destroyed fencing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSpent yesterday at Mount Vernon. Whitewashing has improved the appearance of the yard. Longs for the twenty-sixth to come.  Miss Morey [Maury] leaves tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBridal party arrived [for wedding of Christian Maria and Richard Washington]. Asks Augustine to get a new pair of boots or have his mended.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAugustine's last letter dated the 10th. Pleased he employed a white overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNo time fixed for Dick's [Richard Washington] marriage. Will Augustine get the baby a pair of shoes? Penciled note by Augustine possibly noting property lines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWhen did Augustine leave Loudon? Louisa has learned several words. Nelly has visited several friends.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntends to have her tooth drawn. Weather very cold. Louisa learned waltzing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses weather. Mr. Stuart arrived. \"Louisa has completely retrieved her character since you left.\" Letter continues September 2nd. Nelly \"left Blakeley yesterday morning to spend this week with Aunt Maria and Anne.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouisa's health. \"I was really gratified to hear you did not find it necessary to sell Gabriel.\" Louisa has \"several times mistaken persons down the street for you…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDelivery and payment of wheat. Louisa is well. Christian Washington already named her daughter Elizabeth. Old Mr. [John] Sinclair died and his slaves are to be sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDined with Ellen Powell. Louisa \"fell against the table and nearly broke her nose…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes she had a bad cold on Monday. Louisa's arm is almost entirely well. West [Ford] was in town yesterday. Charles Lee and Anne Gardener are engaged.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter Jenny [Jane Charlotte Washington] sick with fever and welts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter Jenny and other family members illl. Cousin Thomas and Noblet returned last week. Postscript asking for money for children's dresses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAunt Eliza doing well. Nelly went to hear Hertz play: He is \"one of the most celebrated performers on the piano.\" Does not understand Anne's letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShort letter. Chastises Augustine for not writing. Asks \"is it because your wife is not of sufficient importance to you to write to her.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"I shall be ready to go any day that you can come for me.\" Asks for mutton suet and cat mint.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Mr. George Turner, starts for Boston tomorrow, and I have determined to go under his escort.\" Discusses meetings with friends and relatives. Cousin Rebecca had a son.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses harvest and rain. Jack and Anne drove up this morning. \"If there are any damsons, I wish you would have some preserved.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes Augustine had a pleasant trip and \"felt no evil effects from crabs and oysters.\" Nelly treated Louisa's illness with calomel and oil. Sorry to hear that Mr. Moore the overseer took a wife. Enclosed note and postscript regarding letter from Sister Mary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires if the slave Mary has washed the bedstead. Will try to get a larger sheet of paper. Postscript regarding daughter Louisa's tin cow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"It has been nearly three weeks since my confinement…\" Uncle Bushrod [Washington] leaves for the Salt Sulphur on Monday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly and Augustine have been apart nine weeks. Describes her recovery and the new baby [Eliza]. General Rust [new owner of Exeter] traveled up on Sunday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRequests Augustine have a log cabin built. \"Our children are well, having two babies keeps me pretty constantly employed.\" Postscript regarding poor pen and Aunt Eliza's confinement.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Our dear child is quite well again [Louisa].\" Hopes to hear from Augustine soon.  Postscript, \"Dear little Molly [Mary Selden Page] continues I think to improve.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShort letter. Aunt Eliza gave birth to a girl yesterday, about three o'clock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFamily news. Asks Augustine set a date for her to return to Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCary was thrown over his horse's head. Mrs. Carter died last night. Daughter Eliza goes looking for Augustine. Nelly makes requests and gives instructions for making preserves, \"and please don't forget my hen house.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrived Thursday evening. Requests more money to buy things for the winter. Mentions Aunt Maria, Rebecca and Dr. Tabb, and Aunt Eliza.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter Eliza sick past ten days. \"Louisa and Jenny talk incessantly about you.\" Nelly has been walking a good deal.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUncle Cary's death. Discusses children and weather. Passes on Mr. Lloyd's questions regarding hiring an overseer such as salary and privileges.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Old Dolly gave me the letter I enclose about ten days ago…\" Sister Mary wrote after her confinement. Today is Harriet's wedding day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoat landed with 50 or 60 visitors. Susan, a slave, prefers being sold.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe shall \"be down in the boat tomorrow to see you.\" Shall not bring the children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eVisitors. No one is sick. \"The boat had just come in sight and it is beginning to rain right fast…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnxious to hear about Mother [Jane C. B. Washington]. A man came \"to apply for situation as overseer, at Marshall Hall…\" Note at end of letter written by Louisa Washington. Misses her father. Writes about dogs, birds, and sheep.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas heard rumors and is unsure if Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis is dead or alive. Went to Charlestown on Sunday. Visited with relations. Describes wellbeing of her daughters: \"Maria has five teeth.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eExpresses her happiness at receiving Augustine's last letter. Sorry to hear of Eliza's injury. Describes children's party. Would be glad if he could finish the threshing.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Mrs. Byrd and Mrs. Alsbone… appear very nervous about the state of our slaves. They think the negroes hate the whites so much, that we are in constant danger.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouisa has measles. Dr. Lloyd shipwrecked twice and lost everything. Scarlet fever and whooping cough going around.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughters Jenny, Lily [Eliza] and Maria all have measles. Distressed to hear about Augustine's wheat and corn. Begs for a letter from him; \"I am miserable.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSteamboat quite full today with sixty or seventy persons. Tomorrow is Louisa's birthday. Spoke to Susan [a slave] and \"she prefers being sold.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Aunt Eliza had a little girl last night, she and the child are both doing well.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eArrived at Cave Farm on Monday. Heard that \"Mr. Alexander was so extravagant that if you were not careful, Cousin Hannah's property would all in short time go.\" Louisa looks forward to a child's party. Nelly requests vanilla.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInstructions to have her black bonnet sent up as well as a night gown, linens, and visit cards. Went to hear Dr. Butler's sermon. \"Don't forget the butter from Maryland…\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses letter from Mr. Davis. She is visiting Richard and Christian. Asks Augustine to bring the \"baby's sucking bottle.\" Gives instructions for the slave Sarah to make a brine to drop the butter in.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRichard returned from town and says that court will begin on the second Monday of October, and the sale at Claymont will take place on the following Wednesday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter [Anna] Maria broke her left arm.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInfant [Lawrence] very ill. Family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNursery chimney caught on fire yesterday. Son Lawrence has been ill. Mr. Turner salted hams. Wants to see Christian and the children this winter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs very concerned about Lawrence's fever. Asks that Augustine send for a doctor.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas heard that his Uncle Augustine was unwell. Requests word on how he is. Sends a bottle of castor oil.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRegrets to hear that his health has not improved. Lawrence is better.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly reports that she is ready to go home and regrets that she be sent for.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHer health continues to improve, hopes to be able to return soon. Letter sent with West [Ford].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eClara [Heilman] has arrived. Nelly is disappointed that the weather keeps her away. \"I am as well as ever, look very fat…and right strong.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLawrence's health improves. Postscript regarding Edith and Mrs. Powell.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTheir niece Anne, daughter of Augustine's brother Richard Blackburn and Christian Washington has died.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives preserving instructions for slaves Sarah and Matilda. Secret engagement of Andrew Kennedy. Asks about having the dining room fixed. Anne is sick with dysentery.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"The baby [George Washington] improves every day.\" Watermelons in the ice house.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDined with Harriett Cazenove. \"Everything is going on at home here as usual.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Everybody is leaving so fast that by Thursday everyone will be gone…\" She can be at Walnut Farm on Saturday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDaughter Nelly had fever and boils. Nelly writes she is delighted she left [Capon Springs] as the \"house keeper, servants and all were dismissed and the stages taken off the line on Friday.\" Instructs Augustine to bring clothes for the children.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLouisa and Jenny went to a concert. Yesterday a crowd with Masons came by boat and made a speech. Received a letter from Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham requesting permission for an address.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMuch rain. Wheat looks well. Family news.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSummer weather. Had first dish of asparagus yesterday. Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham's address is Saturday with Dr. Hawks of New York as orator.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e\"Yesterday was the day fixed on by Miss Cunningham for her grand doings here…. There were benches enough to accommodate six hundred but I don't think there could have been more than one hundred and fifty or two hundred at most on the grounds.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReceived his sixth letter this morning. Mrs. Robert [Mary Anna Custis] Lee staying with them. Son George has not learned to say a word since Augustine left. \"Wishing you happy dreams and hoping I may be the burden of them as you are of mine.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eNelly writes she cannot find the trunk key Augustine requested. She delivered his message to Mr. Lunsford [overseer at Waveland].\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Lunsford finished seeding and now setting strawberry plants. Cabbage plants have come up but they look like kale. Received letters from ladies applying for \"the situation\" [teaching position?]. Requests jonquil roots, hairpins, and tea toweling.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection contains correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his wife Eleanor Love Selden. The letters begin during the Washingtons' engagement and continues through eighteen years of marriage, ending with a letter from John Augustine to Eleanor composed the day prior to her sudden death. The letters contain information on family matters, the management of the Mount Vernon estate, and plantation life prior to the Civil War.","Expresses his happiness at receiving Nelly's letters and love for her. \"I do not object to the whole world knowing that I love you.\"","Must defer visit to Exeter for four or five days due to appointments. His mother will visit Nelly on her way up to Leesburg.","Feels pain at parting from Nelly. Cousin William [Turner] distraught over his intention to marry Betty [Selden].","Arrived Christmas day. Distressed at being apart from Nelly. Saw the family at Mount Ida [Wilson Cary Selden, Sr.'s family] on Saturday.","Love letter. \"…as the dearest moments of my life have been with you, so the happiest hopes that my soul can form, have you for their reigning star.\"","Will probably not see or hear from Nelly until their wedding. Discredits stories that his relative Thomas Turner mistreated his family and servants.","Is unable to return to Jefferson until the middle or end of next week. Gives instructions for Dick [Richard Blackburn Washington] regarding delivery of wheat, receipts, and a shingles order. Mentions Bushrod Washington and West Ford.","Changed route after leaving Nelly. Hopes Nelly recovers from her headaches. Did she get the box from Stabler's safely?","\"Time hangs heavily on me when you are absent…\" Updates on relations. A new academy is to be built opposite Mr. Burr Harrison's. Leaves for Jefferson tomorrow.","\"…not having been aware of my right to vote out of the county in which I resided, at the Presidential election I made arrangements to return home…\" Hyacinths planted.","His case came up in Court and estate committed to Augustine's hands. Encloses ten dollars to entertain Dick and Christian Washington. Two or three snowstorms since his arrival at Blakeley. Scarlet fever prevailing.","Scarlet fever disappeared. Direct West [Ford] to tell William Hayes to procure eggs or chickens, \"but know the price beforehand, or he will charge you double.\"","Absence of Gabriel and desertion of some of the hired hands. Has decided not to sell Gabriel. \"If it were possible to without them [slaves], I do not think I could own one, but situated as we are, landed property would be almost valueless without them, and it is a matter of necessity to have their labor.\"","Sowing wheat. \"I have never had soft crabs in perfection before.\" Asks if mother [Jane C. B. Washington] has received money on his wheat. Offers two sets of names for Dick and Christian Washington's daughter.","Sale of Exeter will not take place until spring. Dr. Alexander struggling with debt.","\"I have not seen our friends here, but hear that Bentley bought Cousin Eliza's negroes at $1,200.00.\"","Mother [Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington] ill. His letter will be taken to Nelly \"by two negro men who I have purchased, and by Julia whom I send down. I wish West to set them to getting rails…\"","\"I left the negroes I got in Alexandria, where I had an offer of $650.00 for them from a negro trader, but I prefer selling to a private person if I can do so. I found several of the servants sick, and Phil who was very low, died this evening.\"","Servants recovering. Nelly's cloak was dyed mazarine blue. Shall begin seeding wheat.","West [Ford] has taken sick this morning. \"The stockings and socks for the negroes are nearly done…The coat patterns are eaten up by the rats…\"","Got up to Blakeley night before last accompanied by Charles Washington. \"I have the prospect of employing an overseer for next year.\"","He has been trying to procure signatures for a \"petition for the division of our county.\" The sale of Woodlawn and the Quakers who are to settle on it.","Received Nelly's letter of September 18th. Has succeeded in obtaining an overseer \"at the rate of one hundred and fifty dollars a year.\"","Relates journey to Blakeley. Was delayed as Turbeville Stuart had typhus or nervous fever. Pneumonia and typhoid fever \"prevailing through this neighborhood.\"","Augustine is losing his overseer due to his marriage to a widow, Ms. Spence. Discusses case at the Alexandria Superior Court.","\"Between pleasant company and bad weather I was detained in the lower country some days longer than I expected.\" Pleased with Gloucester. Disappointed in Old Point. Gabriel's duties and tasks.","Has been twice at church. Hopes Nelly received a package with silk, a bottle with slips, and peach stones. Preserves and pickles are done.","Describes weather and damage caused by drought and storms. Mr. Turner informs him that he can probably obtain an overseer but \"the chance of getting a tenant is not so good.\"","Returned home yesterday from trip to Maryland. Visited Mr. Sewall at Poplar Hill. Went to visit Dr. Crawfort but he was absent, so went to Mr. Shipley's. Recommends Nelly go to Baltimore. Presumes Elizabeth Blackburn was married today.","Wheat machine broke. Sends thirty dollars. Colonel Bailey Peyton is to marry Julia Thompson. Employed three Irish workers to see if they could replace slaves but the \"experiment\" failed.","Sends a carriage up for Nelly. He shall leave tomorrow or the next day for Jefferson.","Relates arrival in Baltimore and journey to Mount Vernon. Steamboat brought five hundred visitors during the week. Misses Nelly: \"…I feel a constant yearning to have you at my side, to hear you, to see you…\"","Dreams of Nelly. Monuments were erected at the vault. Steamboat continues to come full. President Filmore and his cabinet postponed visit. Plasterer to come and fix dining room and cellars.","Will be down tomorrow accompanied by William Turner and two other gentlemen.","Is obliged to go to Fairfax Court House to \"sue out attachments against Mr. Whitehall's property.\"","Writes in haste. Ephraim died yesterday evening. Too hazardous for Nelly to come down until epidemic subsides. Sends a package containing a fan and dress.","Will be in Alexandria on Friday. Dick [Richard Washington] unwell with attack of erysipelas. Fears John Washington will be deformed. New steamboat for the Mount Vernon route will not begin trips until the week after next.","Short letter. Will not be in Alexandria before Saturday. Needs to attend to business with \"Brother\" Thomas [Blackburn Washington]. Families at Blakeley are well.","Short letter. Mother [Jane C. B. Washington] is \"dangerously ill.\" Requests a carpet bag with clean clothes. \"Send John [Michum] up tomorrow morning for my Buggy.\"","Mother is better but still weak. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding corn for mules at Marshall Hall.","Mother is better. \"I have been purchasing negroes—and am in negotiation for others…\" Gives instructions for \"grubbing and ploughing.\" Overseer position. Includes letter to daughter Louisa on same sheet regarding various cousins.","Sends Jim up with the carriage today for Nelly. Augustine writes he is \"completely tired of bacheloring.\"","Heard of Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis' illness. Describes journey with stops in Berryville and Chantilly. Harriet subject to fainting attacks. Threshing machine is set. Negotiations with Mr. Stowell as overseer. Death of General Roger Jones","Health of Aunt Eliza and Mr. Lloyd. Railroad festival at Salem [now Marshall]. Cary, Fontaine and John hunting and fishing. Describes flowers in Louisa's garden. Wharf and buildings being put up at the White House for the steamboat and visitors.","Going to Alexandria to sell a load of wheat. The slave Eliza was injured when she \"ran a needle in her arm and broke it off…\" Ends with proclamation of undying love: \"Indeed as I grow older my heart seems to cling closer to you…and never do I feel this more deeply than when you are absent from me.\"","Finished ploughing in Maryland. Tried to sell the slave Matilda but she was unwilling. Has employed a German gardener. Gives updates on the steamboat, visitors, and construction of new wharf.","Attaches a check for fifty dollars for travel expenses by canal. Good weather to begin work again. Heard through West [Ford] of Cousin Esther's death. Health of servants","Mount Vernon and other farms have lost one third to one half of harvest due to rains. Has finally engaged a Maryland bricklayer and plasterer.","Was unable to write due to a cold. Noblet Herbert's death. Disappointed in sale of mountain land. Instructions for sowing and sale of clover seed.","He cannot get up to the house. Requests beef, ham, knives and forks, Worcestershire sauce, and cream or milk.","Sold Matilda and her family to Mr. Bevin. Augustine has had attacks of ague. Cases of scarlet fever and dysentery. Gives instructions for Mr. Stowell regarding sheep and wheat machine.","Brief letter. Getting on slowly with work. Will probably not come down tomorrow.","\"Brother T's [cousin Thomas Washington] corpse has not yet arrived.\" John Alexander has dysentery.","Thomas Washington's body arrived and was buried at Charlestown. John Alexander's death. Will conclude funeral arrangements tomorrow.","Servants sick. Bought and forwarded a dress for Louisa. Will take Louisa to Bath after sale of Richwoods [home of Thomas Blackburn Washington].","\"Richard [Washington] was rather better last night.\" Brief letter.","He is detained a few days longer due to Dr. Alexander's absence. Asks Nelly to send the wagon up for coal. Has sold corn at three dollars.","Arrived in Charlestown yesterday. Restaurants in Charlestown and Harper's Ferry filthy. Richard [Washington] sold about 300 acres of his land at $60.00 per acre.","\"Alexandria May 18\" crossed out at top. His health continues to improve, will join her in a few days. Requests pills and tea.","\"My cold is broken and a great deal better.\" Regrets that sickness prevents him from joining her as planned.","Augustine writes he will be down on Thursday or Friday. Direct Mr. Browner to get ready to kill the hogs next Saturday.","Has commenced hauling today. Encloses check for fifty dollars. Sends up a swan.","Augustine writes that though his health has improved, he's still unable to return.","Sends bacon, shad and fish by West [Ford]. Wrote a short note to Nelly this morning to be delivered by girl Maria. Son Lawrence and the baby [Eleanor] are well.","Encloses a letter from California. Has had stormy weather. Requests that Nelly tell Cousin Sally or the doctor to inform him how she is.","Stormy and rainy weather prevented his going to see Nelly. Weather unfavorable for fishing.","Forwards check for $100.","Instructions to send several servants [enslaved workers?] from Mount Vernon to Alexandria.","The slave Sarah \"had run off from Mr. Taylor and had gone home this morning.\" Has not heard from Richmond [regarding sale of Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies Association]","Regarding negotiations with the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association.","Relates his visits with the children to the University, Monticello, Farmington, and the \"Asylums for the Insane and for the Blind and the Deaf and Dumb.\"","Relates visit to Wyers Cave. Saw John Selden and his children. Visited Cousin Ann and Miss Mary Peter. Saw Sister Hannah and Jenny. \"My farm as usual will yield but a small rent, and I have half made up my mind to sell it.\"","Brief letter. Is detained until Monday and \"then have to go to Balt[imore]. If I do not get home on Tuesday in the boat, send up for me Wednesday morning.\"","Must travel to Baltimore with Mr. Herbert. Instructs William Ford to meet him in Alexandria to show him lots [of timber?] to be labeled.","Encloses letter from Magruder Mason. Gives instructions for delivering slaves George, Charlotte and Milly who have been hired out.","Has requested Mr. Price send down game and fish. Expects to meet Willie Rogers and Mr. Robinson on Saturday.","Christian Washington's baby had an operation on her lip. Heavy fall of snow. Gives instructions regarding clover seed, ploughs, and windows of hot beds.","Shall leave tomorrow for Frederick and Fauquier and be home Friday or Saturday. Bad weather prevented his visiting friends in Audley and Berryville. Has arranged matters with Mr. Richardson about Joe [a slave boy].","Describes journey to Chicago: stops and sights. Unsure if he can make an investment in Chicago or not.","Relates investigation of investments with Mr. Wright and Mr. McFarland. Describes geography of Chicago, Lake Michigan, and river and its relation to property value. Visited a Mr. Kerfoot. Describes scenery.","Has bought two pieces of property. Gives instructions regarding harvest. Inquires after cradles and rakes.","Richard and Bushrod Washington came down with him. \"I fear I shall be disappointed in selling Marshall Hall to the person who I expected to buy it.\"","Constant rains on Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday. Will go to Washington to meet John F. Lee. Thinks they can move to Waveland by the first of December.","\"This box contains the correspondence between my wife and myself from October 1842 to October 1860. From the time of our engagement to her Death - John A. and E. L. Washington.\"","Dr. Lloyd's funeral will take place tomorrow. Requests suit of black clothes.","Description of journey from St. Louis to Chicago. Fertility of the prairie and poverty of inhabitants. Business in Chicago remains uncertain.","Received Nelly's letter of April 1st. Has not made much progress in his business. \"I went out yesterday about 35 miles on the Milwaukee Railroad branch…\"","Has rented a part of his property. Ogden suit will come up in a few days. Dined at Mr. Kerfoot's. Describes a \"feat of house lifting\" he witnessed.","His lawyers are confident in winning the Ogden Suit [Malebon D. Ogden vs. John A. Washington and William F. Turner]. Met with friends and relations; mentions Cassins, Grahams, and Mr. Morgan Johnson. Says he is \"wife sick or love sick.\"","Expects to leave tomorrow night or Saturday for Indianapolis and Louisville. Encloses flowers. \"I regret to hear that Miss Cunningham's enterprise turned out indifferently. It was I thought rather inconsiderate in her to attempt anything of the sort while we are living there, but I suppose she did not think of this.\"","Forgot trunk key and requests to have Nelly mail it. Has sent up boxes of silver, white and brown sugar, and soap. Gives instructions regarding a box of stolen sugar.","Going to Leesburg this morning with friends. Postscript \"Thursday morning.\"","\"Mr. Turner though still very unwell is going about a little, and we are engaged in sowing wheat…\" Bought a carpet for the library. Has sent up stair carpet rods.","Augustine writes he had intended going up to Waveland yesterday but \"as I have some little unfinished business here and have not had an opportunity of seeing Cousin H[arriet] I shall wait until tomorrow and accompany them up.\"","Reports he will not return as soon as planned. Encloses ten dollars.","After receiving her father's permission to respond to Augustine's letter, she writes that she has never before attempted such a letter. Expresses her feelings for him.","Disappointed in trip to Walnut Farm. Supposes Augustine has arrived at Mount Vernon. Death of Mrs. Mason.","If Augustine is detained, their separation will be nearly three weeks. Delivered messages to Dick. Recent storm caused flooding and destroyed fencing.","Spent yesterday at Mount Vernon. Whitewashing has improved the appearance of the yard. Longs for the twenty-sixth to come.  Miss Morey [Maury] leaves tomorrow.","Bridal party arrived [for wedding of Christian Maria and Richard Washington]. Asks Augustine to get a new pair of boots or have his mended.","Augustine's last letter dated the 10th. Pleased he employed a white overseer.","No time fixed for Dick's [Richard Washington] marriage. Will Augustine get the baby a pair of shoes? Penciled note by Augustine possibly noting property lines.","When did Augustine leave Loudon? Louisa has learned several words. Nelly has visited several friends.","Intends to have her tooth drawn. Weather very cold. Louisa learned waltzing.","Discusses weather. Mr. Stuart arrived. \"Louisa has completely retrieved her character since you left.\" Letter continues September 2nd. Nelly \"left Blakeley yesterday morning to spend this week with Aunt Maria and Anne.","Louisa's health. \"I was really gratified to hear you did not find it necessary to sell Gabriel.\" Louisa has \"several times mistaken persons down the street for you…\"","Delivery and payment of wheat. Louisa is well. Christian Washington already named her daughter Elizabeth. Old Mr. [John] Sinclair died and his slaves are to be sold.","Dined with Ellen Powell. Louisa \"fell against the table and nearly broke her nose…\"","Nelly writes she had a bad cold on Monday. Louisa's arm is almost entirely well. West [Ford] was in town yesterday. Charles Lee and Anne Gardener are engaged.","Daughter Jenny [Jane Charlotte Washington] sick with fever and welts.","Daughter Jenny and other family members illl. Cousin Thomas and Noblet returned last week. Postscript asking for money for children's dresses.","Aunt Eliza doing well. Nelly went to hear Hertz play: He is \"one of the most celebrated performers on the piano.\" Does not understand Anne's letter.","Short letter. Chastises Augustine for not writing. Asks \"is it because your wife is not of sufficient importance to you to write to her.\"","\"I shall be ready to go any day that you can come for me.\" Asks for mutton suet and cat mint.","\"Mr. George Turner, starts for Boston tomorrow, and I have determined to go under his escort.\" Discusses meetings with friends and relatives. Cousin Rebecca had a son.","Discusses harvest and rain. Jack and Anne drove up this morning. \"If there are any damsons, I wish you would have some preserved.\"","Hopes Augustine had a pleasant trip and \"felt no evil effects from crabs and oysters.\" Nelly treated Louisa's illness with calomel and oil. Sorry to hear that Mr. Moore the overseer took a wife. Enclosed note and postscript regarding letter from Sister Mary.","Inquires if the slave Mary has washed the bedstead. Will try to get a larger sheet of paper. Postscript regarding daughter Louisa's tin cow.","\"It has been nearly three weeks since my confinement…\" Uncle Bushrod [Washington] leaves for the Salt Sulphur on Monday.","Nelly and Augustine have been apart nine weeks. Describes her recovery and the new baby [Eliza]. General Rust [new owner of Exeter] traveled up on Sunday.","Requests Augustine have a log cabin built. \"Our children are well, having two babies keeps me pretty constantly employed.\" Postscript regarding poor pen and Aunt Eliza's confinement.","\"Our dear child is quite well again [Louisa].\" Hopes to hear from Augustine soon.  Postscript, \"Dear little Molly [Mary Selden Page] continues I think to improve.\"","Short letter. Aunt Eliza gave birth to a girl yesterday, about three o'clock.","Family news. Asks Augustine set a date for her to return to Mount Vernon.","Cary was thrown over his horse's head. Mrs. Carter died last night. Daughter Eliza goes looking for Augustine. Nelly makes requests and gives instructions for making preserves, \"and please don't forget my hen house.\"","Arrived Thursday evening. Requests more money to buy things for the winter. Mentions Aunt Maria, Rebecca and Dr. Tabb, and Aunt Eliza.","Daughter Eliza sick past ten days. \"Louisa and Jenny talk incessantly about you.\" Nelly has been walking a good deal.","Uncle Cary's death. Discusses children and weather. Passes on Mr. Lloyd's questions regarding hiring an overseer such as salary and privileges.","\"Old Dolly gave me the letter I enclose about ten days ago…\" Sister Mary wrote after her confinement. Today is Harriet's wedding day.","Boat landed with 50 or 60 visitors. Susan, a slave, prefers being sold.","She shall \"be down in the boat tomorrow to see you.\" Shall not bring the children.","Visitors. No one is sick. \"The boat had just come in sight and it is beginning to rain right fast…\"","Anxious to hear about Mother [Jane C. B. Washington]. A man came \"to apply for situation as overseer, at Marshall Hall…\" Note at end of letter written by Louisa Washington. Misses her father. Writes about dogs, birds, and sheep.","Has heard rumors and is unsure if Mrs. [Eleanor Parke Custis] Lewis is dead or alive. Went to Charlestown on Sunday. Visited with relations. Describes wellbeing of her daughters: \"Maria has five teeth.\"","Expresses her happiness at receiving Augustine's last letter. Sorry to hear of Eliza's injury. Describes children's party. Would be glad if he could finish the threshing.","\"Mrs. Byrd and Mrs. Alsbone… appear very nervous about the state of our slaves. They think the negroes hate the whites so much, that we are in constant danger.\"","Louisa has measles. Dr. Lloyd shipwrecked twice and lost everything. Scarlet fever and whooping cough going around.","Daughters Jenny, Lily [Eliza] and Maria all have measles. Distressed to hear about Augustine's wheat and corn. Begs for a letter from him; \"I am miserable.\"","Steamboat quite full today with sixty or seventy persons. Tomorrow is Louisa's birthday. Spoke to Susan [a slave] and \"she prefers being sold.\"","\"Aunt Eliza had a little girl last night, she and the child are both doing well.\"","Arrived at Cave Farm on Monday. Heard that \"Mr. Alexander was so extravagant that if you were not careful, Cousin Hannah's property would all in short time go.\" Louisa looks forward to a child's party. Nelly requests vanilla.","Instructions to have her black bonnet sent up as well as a night gown, linens, and visit cards. Went to hear Dr. Butler's sermon. \"Don't forget the butter from Maryland…\"","Encloses letter from Mr. Davis. She is visiting Richard and Christian. Asks Augustine to bring the \"baby's sucking bottle.\" Gives instructions for the slave Sarah to make a brine to drop the butter in.","Richard returned from town and says that court will begin on the second Monday of October, and the sale at Claymont will take place on the following Wednesday.","Daughter [Anna] Maria broke her left arm.","Infant [Lawrence] very ill. Family news.","Nursery chimney caught on fire yesterday. Son Lawrence has been ill. Mr. Turner salted hams. Wants to see Christian and the children this winter.","Is very concerned about Lawrence's fever. Asks that Augustine send for a doctor.","Has heard that his Uncle Augustine was unwell. Requests word on how he is. Sends a bottle of castor oil.","Regrets to hear that his health has not improved. Lawrence is better.","Nelly reports that she is ready to go home and regrets that she be sent for.","Her health continues to improve, hopes to be able to return soon. Letter sent with West [Ford].","Clara [Heilman] has arrived. Nelly is disappointed that the weather keeps her away. \"I am as well as ever, look very fat…and right strong.\"","Lawrence's health improves. Postscript regarding Edith and Mrs. Powell.","Their niece Anne, daughter of Augustine's brother Richard Blackburn and Christian Washington has died.","Gives preserving instructions for slaves Sarah and Matilda. Secret engagement of Andrew Kennedy. Asks about having the dining room fixed. Anne is sick with dysentery.","\"The baby [George Washington] improves every day.\" Watermelons in the ice house.","Dined with Harriett Cazenove. \"Everything is going on at home here as usual.\"","\"Everybody is leaving so fast that by Thursday everyone will be gone…\" She can be at Walnut Farm on Saturday.","Daughter Nelly had fever and boils. Nelly writes she is delighted she left [Capon Springs] as the \"house keeper, servants and all were dismissed and the stages taken off the line on Friday.\" Instructs Augustine to bring clothes for the children.","Louisa and Jenny went to a concert. Yesterday a crowd with Masons came by boat and made a speech. Received a letter from Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham requesting permission for an address.","Much rain. Wheat looks well. Family news.","Summer weather. Had first dish of asparagus yesterday. Miss [Ann Pamela] Cunningham's address is Saturday with Dr. Hawks of New York as orator.","\"Yesterday was the day fixed on by Miss Cunningham for her grand doings here…. There were benches enough to accommodate six hundred but I don't think there could have been more than one hundred and fifty or two hundred at most on the grounds.\"","Received his sixth letter this morning. Mrs. Robert [Mary Anna Custis] Lee staying with them. Son George has not learned to say a word since Augustine left. \"Wishing you happy dreams and hoping I may be the burden of them as you are of mine.\"","Nelly writes she cannot find the trunk key Augustine requested. She delivered his message to Mr. Lunsford [overseer at Waveland].","Mr. Lunsford finished seeding and now setting strawberry plants. Cabbage plants have come up but they look like kale. Received letters from ladies applying for \"the situation\" [teaching position?]. Requests jonquil roots, hairpins, and tea toweling."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":172,"online_item_count_is":3,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:50:40.181Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_57"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection concerns the inheritance, maintenance, and sale of the Mount Vernon estate by its last private owner, John Augustine Washington III. A large majority of the collection is correspondence to or from John Augustine Washington III with a significant portion relating to the purchase of the estate by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Three diaries kept by John Augustine are also included and contain important information about his slaves, agricultural practices, and finances. Other types of material in the collection include legal documents, receipts, photographs, and ephemera. Photocopies were made for most of the manuscripts and can be viewed as surrogates to the originals. \u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_65.xml","title_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"title_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1834-1957"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1834-1957"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.848","/repositories/3/resources/65"],"text":["RM.848","/repositories/3/resources/65","John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is arranged chronologically with undated material listed at the beginning in alphabetical order by folder title. Addenda, photocopies, and bound volumes are described at the end of the collection.","(Taken from the Digital Encyclopedia entry by Matthew Costello, George Washington's Mount Vernon website)","John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. The fourth of five children, he was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. John Augustine spent his young childhood at his parents' Blakeley plantation near present day Charles Town, West Virginia, but after the deaths of Bushrod Washington and his wife Julia in 1829, the Mount Vernon estate became the possession of Bushrod's nephew, John Augustine Washington II. As the son of a wealthy Virginia planter, John Augustine enjoyed a comfortable lifestyle at Mount Vernon, developing interests in politics, hunting, and agriculture. After John Augustine Washington II passed away in June 1832, the estate was left to his widow Jane Charlotte, who vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability without involving her children's inheritances. While John Augustine Washington III preferred his more aristocratic pastimes, Jane insisted that he attend college after his father's death. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, returning to Mount Vernon in September 1841 with a proposition to manage the estate for his mother. She agreed, loaning him twenty-two slaves and contracting his employment for five hundred dollars per year for seven years.","As the oldest living male heir, John Augustine Washington III positioned himself to take possession of Mount Vernon from his mother. While she did not pass away until 1855, she gave John Augustine the proverbial keys to the kingdom, granting him full autonomy to run the plantation as he saw fit. However, John Augustine quickly realized that the deteriorating Mount Vernon estate was a far cry from the profitable plantation that his great-great uncle George Washington once presided over. His primary means of income came from wheat and potato production, woodcutting, selling slaves and outsourcing slave labor, collecting land rents, and his herring operation on the Potomac River. However, soil degradation, poor harvests, temperamental weather, and the devastation of crops by insects and pests limited his agricultural returns. While he managed to slow Mount Vernon's financial decline, these endeavors were not enough to stop the downward spiral. In addition to facing these hardships, John Augustine also experienced constant interruptions by sightseers, many of whom wanted the meet the living descendent of General George Washington, see the Mansion, and ask questions about Washington's life. ","These visitors were considered a nuisance to John Augustine's family, and their presence slowed plantation work for slaves, overseers, and hired farm laborers. Initially John Augustine followed the precedential policies of his mother, father, and uncle Bushrod, publishing trespassing notices around the property, requesting letters of introduction to enter the Mansion, and denying the landing of steamboats on the Potomac River. But with his lands yielding such little profit, John Augustine decided to embrace this historical tourism, implementing business strategies to extract money from the thousands of visitors who journeyed to the home of George Washington. In order to bring more people to the estate, he entered into a contract with the proprietors of the Thomas Collyer to permit their steamboat to dock directly at Mount Vernon. He also promoted and invested in the construction of the Alexandria, Mount Vernon, and Accotink Turnpike Road, which was designed to make travel easier to Mount Vernon over land. As more visitors descended upon the grounds, he instructed slaves and laborers to sell bouquets of flowers, fruit, milk, and hand-carved canes to tourists. Beyond the property boundaries, he went into business with James Crutchett, who purchased timber from the estate and manufactured wooden Washington trinkets near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad depot in the nation's capital. While John Augustine Washington capitalized on the American fascination with George Washington, these sales were not substantial enough to convince him to retain Mount Vernon. He attempted to sell the property to both the federal government and the state of Virginia, but both bodies were deeply mired in sectional and political partisanship. Convinced that neither would meet his terms, he agreed to sell 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate, which included the Mansion, outlying buildings, and the family tomb to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) in 1858 for $200,000. ","John Augustine and his family vacated Mount Vernon for their new home Waveland plantation in February 1860. About a year later the state of Virginia called for a convention to debate the issue of secession, and in April 1861, Virginia delegates responded to the firing on Fort Sumter by voting in favor of leaving the Union. John Augustine joined the Confederate Army as a lieutenant colonel, and he served as aide-de-camp to his relative by marriage, General Robert E. Lee. In September 1861, John Augustine was killed during a reconnaissance mission at the Battle of Cheat Mountain by a Union bushwhacker. In a letter to John's teenage daughter Louisa, Lee painfully informed her that her father \"fell in the cause to which he had devoted all his energies, and which his noble heart was earnestly enlisted.\" The two men had shared many conversations and moments together as tent mates, and Lee admired his unflinching \"devotion to Almighty God,\" assuring Louisa that \"He is now safely in Heaven.\" John Augustine was buried in the Zion Episcopal Churchyard in Charles Town, West Virginia, one of several Washington family members who fought and died for Southern independence. ","This diary may not actually be part of accession RM-848 as it is not mentioned in the initial inventory/correspondence. However, it was in the same box as the other diaries and the almanac when found on the shelf, therefore it was described with the collection.","Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection","This collection concerns the inheritance, maintenance, and sale of the Mount Vernon estate by its last private owner, John Augustine Washington III. A large majority of the collection is correspondence to or from John Augustine Washington III with a significant portion relating to the purchase of the estate by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Three diaries kept by John Augustine are also included and contain important information about his slaves, agricultural practices, and finances. Other types of material in the collection include legal documents, receipts, photographs, and ephemera. Photocopies were made for most of the manuscripts and can be viewed as surrogates to the originals. ","Descendants of John Augustine Washington III maintained ownership of these records until 1990 when they were sold to Gary Hendershott, a manuscripts dealer from Little Rock, Arkansas. The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association purchased the collection in October 1990.","Lists signatures and states that all members of Congress would sign if requested.","States they are now the \"best of friends.\" She is angry at people who denigrate his motives. Wants to make known his true nature.","Mrs. Ritchie requests he arrive at the theatre a little after 12:00 so all guests may be seated prior to the rise of the curtain.","She had sent her present of flowers to Mrs. Madison, and they were \"greatfully\" received.","His mother wants help valuing her sheep. Describes one offer for Mount Vernon with great disdain. They want to have entertainments there. He has great respect for \"your manly pride.\"","Apologizes for having intruded too much on his privacy during a recent visit when Mrs. Ritchie and others of the ladies \"took forcible possession of me\" and requested cuttings of flowers. Hopes he will establish a Botanic Garden and suggests a location for a Mausoleum.","Describes her return from Mount Vernon in much rain. Discusses crops. Gives instructions for sending things to her. Asks report of conversation that was \"highly derogatory to me.\" Feels items should be sold to visitors so they will not pilfer mementos.","Urges sale of Mount Vernon to Virginia rather than to a private sale.","Resolution wants to change the site of the Military Asylum to Mount Vernon if a part of the estate can be purchased at a reasonable price.","Introduces some friends who wish to visit Mount Vernon.","Gives family news and an account of a visit by a gentleman who spent the night at Mount Vernon and gave $5 to West Ford. Discusses sale of a slave to his cousin. Has heard of a bill by the federal government to purchase Mount Vernon and wishes it would be accepted. Mentions prices and terms.","Is sending oats and other items to Mount Vernon. Urges him to pursue his studies. Wishes him to send some oysters and sugar.","Sends funds for completing the vault at Mount Vernon and authorizes him to take more money from his bank if necessary.","Thanks him for the many civilities experienced by them during their visit to Mount Vernon. Sends a piece of a branch of a fig tree cut from the birth spot of \"your immortal ancestor.\"","Is against his plans for Mount Vernon and opening it to \"every low idler.\" Discusses payments and what form they would take.","Brief note of regards, translated by J. Perkins.","Heard about people being charged to enter the garden. Wishes he would stop this.","Wants to know price and terms of sale of Mount Vernon. If not for sale, could it be leased. (Contains typed transcript.)","Was glad to hear that Mount Vernon was not for sale as it should remain in the hands of the Washington family. Wishes to \"establish a house of entertainment in the vicinity of Mount Vernon.\" Asks questions as to materials and location of such. (Contains typed transcript.)","Is in the market to purchase negroes as one of his men, Alfred, has run off. Wants to know whether she still wishes to dispose of her negroes and what her price would be. He could pay $500 cash and then pay off the principal in a year or two.","Lists names of executors and legatees and their shares and values.","Tells him of an upcoming visit to Washington and Mount Vernon by a \"highly respectable volunteer corps.\" They wish to arrive by boat and see the tomb of Washington. He understands permission to do so is necessary.","Is worried his health is suffering by his labors at Mount Vernon. Hopes he will accept any reasonable offer by the U.S. Government for it. Went into town to have magistrates witness her acknowledgment of the deed of release. Discusses a suit brought by Judge Douglass and the health of various family members.","Doubts whether an offer will be made by the U.S. Government. Hopes it would as she feels his health is suffering from attending to business at Mount Vernon. Recommends someone to help him acquire an overseer. Was paid money for him. Discusses the failing health of Dr. Alexander's mother and others.","Is horrified to learn of auction of Wood Lawn. Proposes to run a steamboat between Washington to Wood Lawn, Fort Washington, Mount Vernon, and the White House. Gives references. Pledges to bring members of Congress there and feels it would enhance the chances of the purchase of Mount Vernon by the government. Suggests it could be used as a summer home for the President. Discusses various items left by Washington and the soon to be completed Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio Canal. (contains typed transcript)","Tells him of a letter he received from an unknown man who wants to obtain a tree from Mount Vernon to transplant in France to shade the bench of Christopher Columbus which he possesses.","Recommends leaving it to Congress to propose a price for the purchase of Mount Vernon. She feels he wants too much for it, and that it really should not be sold. Gives family news. Gives advice on his search for an overseer.","First letter discusses the Supreme Court taking on the suit of Mr. Hammond against General Washington. Bassett says he discharged all debts owed by Captain Lewis. There is another copy of the names of executors and legatees and their shares and values. Discussions of various debts owed to different people.","Discusses various suits, mostly Hammonds, against the estate and their current status. Many people have died since 1827 when they were last listed. Will take a long time to find people.","Discussion of the Hammond suit and payments still owed to various creditors, to be paid by all the legatees of General Washington's estate. Most dollar figures are left blank to be filled in later. Prompt payment by all legatees is required.","Discusses his father's will and his lack of knowledge of the whereabouts of various other people mentioned in JAW's letter.","Answering his inquiries as to various relatives. Suggests he write to the clerk of Kanawha County for the information he requires. Suggests he contact Andrew Parks who probably has all the facts.","Discusses sale of swamp land. He paid the taxes on it for the Washington heirs. The land is not worth much since the timber had been taken from it by many people over the years. Would like to be reimbursed for the money he paid.","He wishes to meet with him in the middle of November, at which time they can conclude their business.","Discusses the bill in Congress to purchase Mount Vernon. Wants assets divided up between her children so all are taken care of. Tells of Charles' upcoming marriage before he leaves for California.","Discusses the codicil of his father's will. Mrs. Washington is not compelled to sell. Upon her death, the heirs may sell despite the codicil. Suggests Mrs. Washington partition the land before her death in order that JAW may do \"what you please with the land.\"","Invites him to the wedding of his oldest daughter the next week.","Has been in Charlestown attending services for the week. Is amazed at the prospect of $200,000 being paid for Mount Vernon by the government. Wants him to send fish and to pickle some \"Rock.\"","(Typed transcription included) George Page and a surveyor from Maryland wanted to survey land in the Potomac River adjacent to Mount Vernon with the object of bringing steamboats there. Was notified he would be charged with some offense by Maryland. Makes him aware that the compact between the states means they have no claim on him.","First letter – wants to know if Mount Vernon Estate will be sold. Second letter – understands the government might become the owner of the estate and wants to meet.","Wants him to petition the Court to finally settle the estate of General Washington.","First letter – wants to examine Mount Vernon with a view to the establishment of a military asylum for the relief of soldiers. Second letter – tells him the price for Mount Vernon is too high, and purchase of a location nearer Washington will be undertaken.","An account by a boat company of receipts over the past year.","Discusses the landing of boats at Mount Vernon without JAW's previous knowledge. Wants them to be allowed to dock if they pay the usual fare to him.","Acknowledges payment for the pianoforte. Wants four walking sticks cut from near General Washington's tomb to be sent to monks in Italy.","Agreement to sell 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000. Includes all buildings and the tomb, as well as furnishings currently there. Also will allow heirs to be buried there. He may not sell the estate without first offering it to the U.S. Government and the State of Virginia for no more than $350,000.","Has been unable to contact other parties to the contract. Hopes to be able to do so soon.","A committee of the House of Delegates has been appointed to consider the purchase of Mount Vernon. Wants to meet him in Alexandria to discuss this.","Encloses a newspaper clipping about the acquisition of Mount Vernon by the State of Virginia. Tells him the committee of five will look into the will of the people as to this acquisition.","Addressed only to \"Mrs. Washington.\" Unclear whether it is addressed to Mrs. Jane C.B. Washington or Mrs. Eleanor L.S. Washington. (Typed transcription included) Has heard that Mount Vernon is for sale, possibly to northern people. Feels the Ladies of the South might instead procure it and wants to know the price.","Does not wish to part with Mount Vernon but wishes to keep it from the changeable fortunes of a family and to ally it to the State. Would sell 200 acres with stipulations for $200,000. If the State wants to establish a model farm there, he would sell an additional 1,000 acres for $300,000. Invites them to visit.","Discusses his offer to sell Mount Vernon to the state. Says $200,000 is less than the property could sell for on the market. Talks about having a model farm as nothing meant more to Washington than farming. Would welcome them to visit. Reminds them that his terms cannot be materially modified.","(Typed transcription included) Says he is asking less money of the state than he had been offered by others. Tells them of his desire for a model farm as the pursuit of an improved system of agriculture was of great importance to General Washington. Would welcome a visit from them.","Wants to clear up suggestions that he is falsely referring to higher offers for Mount Vernon.","The Committee feels the price for Mount Vernon \"is enormous.\" Would prefer the money to be used for a rail road.","Draft in writing of John Augustine Washington III. Addressed to \"Miss Cunningham\" but could also be a response to Louisa Cunningham's letter instead of Ann Pamela Cunningham. Praises the women of the south for their affection for Washington. Does not wish to dispose of the property except to the government of the United States or Virginia and so declines the proposition from the \"Ladies of the South.\"","Draft thought to be in the writing of Jane C.B. Washington. Identical text to previous letter (draft in the hand of John Augustine Washington III).","Encloses a power of attorney and some other letters. Has agreed to reduction of $50,000 on 1000 acres. Will accept nothing less than $200,000 for the 200 acres. Agrees to pay him 5% of what he gets from either government agency, provided it occurs in the current session.","The state might be willing to pay $50,000 per year for four years for Mount Vernon but not the total of $200,000 at once. Wonders what is happening with the federal government. \"Things are coming to a head rapidly.\"","As long as negotiations with Virginia remain open, it would not be proper for him to entertain any proposals from other parties for the purchase of Mount Vernon. Might be interested in the future in making an offer.","Feels priority should be given to Congress to purchase Mount Vernon, and therefore Virginia is holding off on more committee meetings. Wants him to be there for future committee meetings.","Urges him to meet with Arthur Taylor as his representative in the proposed sale of Mount Vernon. Requests that he not send papers to Col. Bissell before meeting with him.","Has the papers from Mr. Washington and wants to meet with him to discuss the sale of Mount Vernon to the U.S. Government.","Assures him that he has not given the letters from him to Mr. Bissell and has requested Mr. Taylor to come see him.","Encloses the previous letter and hopes they will be able to meet soon. Feels it best to not commit to any course with the U.S. until a definite answer comes from the Virginia Legislature.","Invites him to come to his lodgings at any time at 9 a.m.","Is unable to return to his \"hospitable roof\" at this time. Values the time she was there and having been \"entrusted with the training of such bright intelligences.\"","Reports on his share of earnings from \"Washington's Writings.\" Many copies of the book were destroyed in a fire, but the stereotype and engraved plates were in a fire proof vault.","Feels it is very important for him to communicate with the federal government and is willing to help in any way.","Mr. Taylor shared his letter proposing to bring the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon again before Congress. His terms are already known to him – the same as those agreed to for the State of Virginia.","Wants to bring up the purchase of Mount Vernon in Congress but wants to know just what terms he agreed to with Virginia. Wants the Northern States to purchase it.","Gives terms of sale, including that family members still living may also be buried there. Additional property to total 1000 acres may be purchased for $300,000, for a model farm as suggested by Gen. Washington. Tells him the state of Virginia had proposed the sale for less than he wanted which he refused.","Encloses a copy of the bill reported to the House of Delegates Committee for the purchase of Mount Vernon. He told them it would not meet with JAW's approval. Urges him to move quickly on the Turnpike matter for this session.","Is very desirous of having the State of Virginia take possession of Mount Vernon and \"have the sole control and ownership forever.\" Wants to know what terms he proposes.","Gives him the terms of sale. The Washington family shall be permitted to be buried on the site, and no remains shall ever be disturbed. The price shall be $200,000, with an additional 800 acres available for $100,000 more","Will not accede to propositions of the steamboat company. Will be busy for a few weeks but wants to see a copy of the agreement currently in effect.","Tells him of Mrs. Mason presenting \"a remonstrance against your turnpike.\" Wants access to $250 at Farmers Bank in Alexandria.","Discusses payments based on sales of \"Washington's Writings.\" Tells percentages paid to various legatees.","Discusses quarrelling and squabbling among the ladies purchasing Mount Vernon. Is concerned about security around the remains of George Washington.","Wants him to send a letter to him so he may correct disparaging remarks made about his impending sale of Mount Vernon.","Is writing to her as requested by JAW. Describes a woman mourning her deceased eight-year-old son. Includes a poem about grief and moving on after death of a child.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Mr. Mason very much wants to meet him and getting a letter from JAW that would announce the news of their \"progress.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for the kindness of him and Mrs. Washington on her recent visit to Mount Vernon. Urges him to send a letter to be published about the sale of Mount Vernon before the news is released by someone else.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Assures her he does not care what others say about him and remains hopeful of selling Mount Vernon to the State of Virginia.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Explains the absence of Mr. Toombs when JAW came to see him. Tells him why she is now dealing with Mr. Toombs rather than Mr. Mason.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes to meet him in Washington City as she will be there for a few days during her travel south. Wants a thorough understanding of his wishes and intentions before meeting with the governor of Virginia.","Wants him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter in the National Intelligencer and put the estate under the care of the State of Virginia. (This is a copy of a letter written by Anna's husband.) Second letter, dated March 5, 1857 on same paper: Refers to letter copied out by her. Is certain a sufficient sum will have been raised by February 22 to enable Virginia to purchase Mount Vernon.","Urges him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter to the National Intelligencer and consent to place the estate once more at the disposal of Virginia which has an arrangement with the \"Ladies' Mount Vernon Association of the Union.\"","His musical association played a concert on behalf of the \"Ladies Mt. Vernon Association\" at which $100 was raised. The musical group would benefit greatly from receiving this money back if Mr. Washington has no plans to sell to the Ladies Association.","Would love to spend time at Mount Vernon, but his schedule will not allow at this time. His book will be published during the winter and spring, but he doesn't feel a visit would add anything.","He remains willing to place Mount Vernon in the hands of the State of Virginia, under his terms which the state has not seemed to want to meet. The proposal to have Mount Vernon by under the Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union is unacceptable to him. Doubts they could maintain the estate in perpetuity. It would then be taken over by the state.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Identical to previous letter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Responding to his letter to Mr. Ritchie. Urges him to put out that the Ladies are to raise $200,000 on behalf of the State of Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not wish to publish parts of letters. Feels \"nothing but silent contempt can put them at rest.\"","(W.L. Underwood – most likely Warner Lewis Underwood, Kentucky Senator) Tells JAW that if his current negotiations for Mount Vernon should fall through that his organization would be pleased to enter into further discussions.","Again says he wishes Mount Vernon to go to the State of Virginia, to be decided upon by the current session of the General Assembly.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to know who told her that he was \"willing… for a pecuniary consideration to break engagements and promises.\"","The Masonic Brotherhood is interested in purchasing Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the tour the previous day. Apologizes for the bad behavior of one member and hopes that will not prejudice him against the Fraternity.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She met with the governor who told her the \"Extra Session\" of the Legislature was for the \"presidential contest,\" so the Legislature will not be meeting again until the next winter. Realizes this delay is not pleasing to him.","Inquires whether any action has been taken by the Legislature or is likely to be.","Tells him no action has yet been taken by the Legislature but feels sure it will be taken up after the Christmas recess, after which the ladies will be enabled to purchase Mount Vernon and have its title transferred to Virginia.","Discusses various prices for Mount Vernon and quotes JAW as vehemently denying that he wanted the remains of General Washington moved. He wishes the estate to be the property of the United States and all the people.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him she has been very ill but is sure that the Legislature will act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Tells him Gov. Wise is \"inimical to our 'cause'\" which is the reason the Legislature has not taken up the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon.\" Talks of the financial crisis which is being felt by \"we victimized cotton planters.\" Tells him of the impending sale of copies of a portrait of Washington.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She writes of her illness and lack of strength. The Constitution of the Association was signed by the governor. Tells him various Masonic orders have decided to become allies of the Association. Hopes to have the contract signed between Virginia and him on the 22nd of February.","Invites recipient to the elevation of the Statue of Washington on February 22 in Richmond.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Is looking forward to the inauguration of the Washington statue. Wants him to vow that the Ladies of the Association are the \"very best friends you have in the world.\" Tells him that Gov. Wise is no friend to him or to her and this cause.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has a document that states Virginia will purchase Mount Vernon from him and encloses a copy of the bill. Is sure the governor will act strongly to defeat this. Wants him to attend the address by Mr. Everett a few days before the 22nd of February. Tells him how lucky he is to get $200,000 in \"these awful times.\"","Gives price of sale of $200,000 for 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate and pledges the MVLA to guarantee to not disturb any remains currently there and to allow descendants of JAW to also be interred there.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Praises him for agreeing that Mount Vernon is to be a public shrine and to limit interments there. Gen. Chapman included that in the third reading of the bill. Discusses the building of a new mausoleum for Washington which would not go against his will. Talks of her illness.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the disposition of family remains, as well as those of General Washington, are his biggest concerns in the sale.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes he is happy about the bill as read in the Legislature. Tells him it is she and not the Committee who wants to arrange for a magnificent mausoleum. Closes by saying she is too exhausted to \"even give a hint of the nature of woman's revenge should you not be in a state of delight over our bill!!!\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Remains adamant as to a future mausoleum as Washington stated where he wished his remains to be. Cannot travel to Richmond at present due to the illness of Mrs. Washington.","(Agreement ends with reference to the 10th of February) Deals with payment of $6,000 to heirs of W.F. Alexander and Anna Alexander as a share of Mount Vernon. Expressly says none of these heirs have any claim to the proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon, other than the $6,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that though Gov. Wise is no friend to the Mount Vernon cause, he did not intend to put his remarks under the head of Lunatic Asylum. It was a complete accident.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses another article by Mr. Pryor who is \"using his art to arouse the fear, \u0026 cupidity of the timid \u0026 narrow minded of this Legislature.\" Asks him about his previous offer from a company to purchase the estate, and that he wanted to wait for Congress to act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) States that his price for Mount Vernon has always been $200,000, since he gained control of it in 1849. Asks whether he ever made an offer for Mount Vernon for $100,000. If so, under whose authority was it made?","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to confirm with him that his offer to sell Mount Vernon as a site for the Military Asylum in 1851 was for $200,000 and not $100,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of a contract with a gentleman to sell him 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000 with the condition that the property should be offered to the U.S. and to Virginia. If neither purchased it, he should take the property. He then offered $50,000 to release him from that obligation, but JAW refused. Says he never has offered it for sale in public or private.","Says he was authorized by JAW to offer Mount Vernon for a Military Asylum for $100,000. Will search for papers to confirm this.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Advises that on March 25, 1851, he made an offer to sell about 150 acres of the Mount Vernon estate for $200,000 for an Army Asylum or some other government purpose.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Thanks him for sending a copy of the correspondence of Gen. Scott. Miss C. is intensely engaged in getting past Mr. Pryor's malicious misrepresentation of the Bill. If he can defeat us, he will.","Reiterates that Alexander and his heirs have no claim to any proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon beyond the agreed upon $6,000 and requests him to add a paragraph to that effect to the agreement they will both sign.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her in Richmond, despite his recent fall. Refers to the animosity of Mr. Pryor toward the bill. Wishes there could be an Extra Session for it to pass.","Again states his disagreement with Mr. McKenzie's assertion of his having offered $100,000 for Mount Vernon. No one else knew of such an offer. Gen. Scott agrees with JAW in his recollections. Tells her of a recent fall from a horse which will prevent his visit to Richmond on the 22nd.","Urges him and his family to attend the inauguration of the equestrian statue of Washington on the Capital Square in Richmond. Says he would be pleased to host them at their home near the city.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is uncertain whether he will be able to travel to Richmond and wants her to update him on matters related to the Bill as \"I have not in any manner approached\" any of his friends or acquaintances on the subject. It is important for her to convince members that the association only needs the name of the State which will not be called upon to pay any of the money for the purchase.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham begs him to attend Mr. Everett's oration and hopes to speak to him on the Square tomorrow.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Continues to be unwell. Introduces him to Mr. A.H.H. Dawson of Georgia, \"an eccentric genius.\" He is devoted to the purposes of the Association and has delivered an address about it in 30 towns in Georgia. Urges him to come to Richmond to meet with members of the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is sorry he was unable to call on her before leaving Richmond. Wants clarification about alterations Mr. Yancy thought necessary in the paper he left with her. He wants a decision by the Legislature, yes or no, soon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that the Legislature is \"in a row\" and will not pass any bills before an Extra Session. Wants him to bring a contract to her so they are prepared for any contingencies. Tells him of her illness of the lungs and her treatment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reiterates the importance of the sanctity of the family burying ground. Wants to have some alterations and additions of a substantial permanent character made to the present vault, with a durable enclosure around it. He is open to payment in stocks or cash for the estate. Says they should have an act of incorporation before signing a contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gen. Chapman was drawing up an act of incorporation before the bill comes up. He said Virginia must not hold the tomb; the Association must hold it. She remains very ill. \"yrs in much suffering\"","Is preparing a pamphlet to defend JAW against detractors and wants copies of correspondence he had with Gen. Scott and others about possible purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The bill in Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon, to be refunded by the MVLA, was defeated in the House of Delegates. In addition Congress cannot purchase land in a sovereign state without its consent. Tells him it should be the property of the Nation and should be sold to the MVLA. \"With grateful women pledged to guard the sacred ashes of Washington and to adorn his home for a national shrine.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Says it has become obvious that neither Virginia nor the U.S. wish to purchase Mount Vernon. Therefore \"the women of the land will probably be the safest as they will certainly be the purest guardians of a national shrine.\" He waits for her to make a proposal to him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham requests that he answer the letter she gave him relating to the purchase of Mount Vernon and to return it to her. She will give him a copy.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is returning her letter to him as it seemed to be improperly dated and lacked her signature. When she remedies those defects, he will send an answer.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to meet with him on Saturday morning in Alexandria to sign the contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is very unhappy about delays put forth by Messrs. Macfarland \u0026 Myers. They felt there had to be an acceptance of the contract by all or a majority of the Vice Regents before it could be signed. They can do this by telegraph, permitting Mrs. Ritchie to act for them.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to come without delay. It was thought things would be delayed as Mrs. Walton's husband had died, but now Mr. McFarland advised them to send for him at once. Miss Cunningham is not good and needs to bring matters to a close \"ere it be too late.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her that afternoon or evening as Dr. Beale \"considers it necessary to apply a severe blister without delay.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Upon reflection she feels the letter she sent him for publication is not to be published. She does not wish to \"make enemies even in a State which has given me so little cause to respect it.\" Mrs. Ritchie will work on a better worded one which she will send to him.","He deposited money to his credit for the contract and wants to know if this was correct. Tells him the pony he was inquiring about is not for sale. Also felt much concern about the accounts of the fisheries. Looks forward to a visit with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the plat of the 200 acres of land he agreed to sell to the MVLA. Wants him to sign it and return it.","(Typed transcription enclosed) About the plat, he is having the land resurveyed and \"have the necessary corners stones set.\" He will send it back with a signature after that. Also encloses her letter of March 12 and wants a copy of her letter as published with her signature.","Wants to know if George Thorburn may visit Mount Vernon in the 28th of May to inspect the grounds in regards to the improvements to be made. He is \"no doubt the first horticulturist in America\" and a plain, unpolished person. It would be good for JAW's surveyor to meet with Mr. Thorburn to go over the grounds.","He is \"exceedingly provoked\" at the newspaper coverage in connection with the sale of Mount Vernon. As a college friend he felt he had to contact an editor and correct the information. He hopes he did not make the situation worse.","Again requests he host the \"celebrated florist\" at Mount Vernon to look over the grounds before they come to Mount Vernon on the 29th for a few hours.","Agrees to have Mr. Thorburn come and meet with surveyors. Asks if Mr. Thorburn could be appointed the Agent of the Association in drawing up with the surveyors the lines of the 200 acres. He will \"grant any reasonable request of the Association.\" Hopes to see Mr. Ritchie and her while he yet resides at Mount Vernon.","The first attests to receipt of interest on the $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington. \tThe second is for $2,000 as part of the $6,000 owed.","Urges him to reduce the price of Mount Vernon to $150,000 so as to better fund all the expenses associated with its ownership by the MVLA. Tells him to buy land in \"some of the new states\" with that money.","Wants to know what stocks or bonds would be acceptable as part of the purchase price. Gives the current rate of Virginia stock.","Acknowledges his decline to the proposition.","Replying to a previous letter. Cannot answer the questions of Miss Lewis as he does not remember where Col. Fielding Lewis died. Her wishes are an illusion. Wonders if some land in Kentucky is what she is dreaming of. Hopes the Ladies will be able to preserve Mount Vernon after they complete the purchase.","As a new Mason, wants to know if he will amend the contract to state that the property will revert to the United States or the Masonic Fraternity in the event of a dissolution of the MVLA and not to the state of Virginia.","Writes to her cousin about an article in the paper that morning that was a \"vile abolition libel on you.\" Wants to assure her lady friends that it is untrue.","Is involved in illustrating an article about Mount Vernon as it is of interest to the American people. Wants to visit to sketch objects that have not been drawn. The MVLA is in favor of such an article to assist with their fund raising.","Is amazed at the scurrilous attacks made on him by Northern Papers which are calculated to embarrass the Mount Vernon Association.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for his letter about the calumnies in some Northern newspapers but has no desire to enter into a controversy with the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants him to tell her of his agreement with Mr. Crutchett of Mount Vernon Cane Factory who was given permission to come and cut trees on the estate. Asks what value he puts on the remainder of the estate contiguous to the 200 acres.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gives details of his contract with Mr. Crutchett which expired in February 1856. He was permitted to take more trees before January 1857. He has no right to \"come upon the property I have sold the Association to cut timber.\" Has not put a price on the remainder of Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for the hospitality given to him and his sister on their visit to Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham was happy to hear his account of the transactions with Mr. Crutchett. Wants him to come to Philadelphia to confer upon private matters of great importance to the Association and himself. She is equally interested in the final settlement of the boundary lines.","First letter (incomplete) congratulates him on the sale of Mount Vernon. Requests return of portrait of his mother. Second letter thanks him for agreeing to return the portrait. He and his family would very much like to visit Mount Vernon again before it becomes public.","Hopes he can come to Washington to meet with him. Wants Mr. Washington to stay with him to \"pay off the debt of visiting you at Mt. Vernon.\" Miss Cunningham is making arrangements to pay the first bond with interest in December.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Looks forward to making payment of the first installment. Mr. Riggs will pay sums of $5,000 as soon as it is raised. Hopes to be able to pay the remainder of 2d installment on 1st of January 1859. Begs him to keep these matters as a \"profound secret.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to make the first payment on December 14, the anniversary of Washington's death.","Tells him of payment to Burke \u0026 Herbert of $10,000 on that day.","Tells him the box containing the chairs has not yet arrived. He wants to be allowed to pay for the repairs necessary to the chairs. Invites him and his family to visit him in Richmond before they go farther away from it.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to make the first payment on the 1st, but this is a holiday. Urges him not to risk sending the plat executed by Washington himself but to have it be lithographed. Wants to clear up the boundaries. Tells him to keep the discussion of the sale of additional land private.","Wants to gather branches from the estate in order to make canes to sell to aid in the purchase of Mount Vernon.","Their project would require the consent of the Regent of the MVLA.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Confidential) Miss Cunningham is too ill to reply to his last letter. Lets him know his presence might be required on the 22nd but all arrangements must be kept private. The upcoming payment will be about $14,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to accept the money already paid to him (for the \"selling your relations bones.\") He already received more money than the estate was worth. Note on the letter states he ensured his control over the remains in \"such a way that they can never be sold by any one.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not want to go to Philadelphia unless it is absolutely necessary. He recently heard that Mrs. Esther M. Lewis (widow of Lorenzo Lewis) wants to present the harpsichord that was given to Nelly to the MVLA.","Thanks him for copy of the inscription on a bust. He realized he had not copied the pencil sketch of the Destruction of the Bastille. Would JAW please have a photograph of it sent to him for an upcoming book on the history of Mount Vernon. Will send a copy of the book to him in September when it is published.","Acknowledges receipt of $1,000 which completes the payment of $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington.","The Regent wants JAW to not allow any more sketches to be made of Mount Vernon or the grounds without her consent. Attached is a copy of an advertisement for sale of a portrait of Washington. The Mount Vernon Record gives an account of fund raising to date. Mr. Everett thanks Devereux for sending him a copy of the Farewell Address.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Requests her to send him definite instructions to enable him to prohibit people from making sketches of Mount Vernon.","Tells them he has written to the Regent requesting her instructions about the matter they raised with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent now feels that it would \"not be practicable for you to refuse privileges hitherto granted\" in the matter of sketches. There is also a newspaper clipping with letters from JAW and the Regent about the sale of Mount Vernon.","They wrote to him on the 14th as the Regent was prostrated. Requests any material he might have about the area in England where Washington's ancestor came from.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of terms under which they ran their steamboat to Mount Vernon. They paid him money with the understanding that he would make repairs to the wharf and footway, under the agreement, but he did not. He ordered his captain to have it done and will retain that money.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses a copy of the previous letter and asks him to advise her as to her response to Mr. Bryan.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham much enjoyed his previous letter and its humor. Hopes he will waive the requisition of 10 days notice before receiving payments. Can give him at least 30 days notice before requiring possession, and hopefully 60 days. She has \"been very much of an invalid for many weeks.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come to Philadelphia around the 10th or 12th so they may consult in regard to the future. They can have the boundary line settled and put many business affairs in order. Miss Cunningham intends to make a payment on the last installment as soon \"as you will receive it.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) He will travel to Philadelphia and meet with her on Wednesday. Will give directions to Messrs. Burke \u0026 Herbert for the last installment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham wants him to arrive on Thursday and then accompany her to hear Mr. Everett in the evening. She and Mr. Everett would then meet with him on Friday.","(Typed transcription enclosed) He agrees to come to Philadelphia on Thursday and meet as she suggests.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent wants him to \"have the kindness not to speak of the particulars of your interview with her.\" She also requests him to confer with Mr. Herbert, after which Mr. Herbert should meet with Mr. Riggs and let her know the arrangements he would be willing to make. \"This matter she particularly desires should be confidential.\"","Wants him to send him the photographs of the Picture of the Bastille and let him know what he owes for this service. Thanks him for his kindness in all this matter.","Again asks for the photograph of the Bastille picture as his book is finished, and he is only waiting for that.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham regrets that he and Mr. Riggs were unable to meet at Mount Vernon to discuss all it is possible to do without annoyance to the family. Would like to commence work on the outbuildings near the garden and to rebuild the roof and pillars of the piazza. Also wants to do work around the Tomb.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Apologizes for delay in responding to his recent letter, but the news of Captain Cunningham's decease has made it impossible for Miss Cunningham to \"think of even the most pressing business.\"","Thanks him for sending the photograph and encloses $5. Apologizes for keeping three documents for so long. Wants to return the documents and send him a copy of the book in September. Asks whether he may keep the Pohick elevation as it is in Washington's hand.","Details work done on various dresses.","Is sorry to hear that JAW will be leaving Mount Vernon before Hubard can get there to visit. Wants to know whether Mr. Mills does possess the moulds made by Houdon. Wants to see a cast made from the mould as he is convinced it is a fraud.","Cannot say whether the Richmond statue is accurate but to him the head looks identical to the Mount Vernon bust. Has never heard of the moulds being left at Mount Vernon and does not believe Mr. Mills would have removed anything without his permission.","Wants to clarify his original assertion that he feels Houdon did not use the moulds made from Washington's face as he asserts they are very different from the head of Houdon. Also wants to know whether the table on which Washington lay when the moulds were made is still at Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for sending money from the steamboat company for the MVLA.","Will be writing an article for Encyclopedia Britannica and is \"desirous of stating the facts relative to the emancipation of the Genl's slaves.\" Also wants to know whether Mrs. Washington left a will and whether she freed her slaves in it.","Wishes to obtain a copy of the inventory of General Washington's estate.","Makes assertion that General Washington was sued and judgment rendered against him. Also some northern papers are speculating that he lost his money and had mortgaged the Mount Vernon estate for $400,000. Encloses a copy of the certificate of the appraiser as entered in 1810.","Is returning the papers lent to him and sending a copy of his book on Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the use of the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reminds her that his request for her lawyer to sift through an abstract of his title to Mount Vernon has not been complied with. This would answer questions raised by anonymous persons which have \"caused you some uneasiness.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to conclusively prove the falsehood of assertions of the invalidity of his title to the estate. The Clerk of Fairfax County will attest to the truth but wants to see his father's will and evidence of the payment of $6,000 charged to the estate. Looks forward to putting to rest this falsehood.","Is still waiting for the certificate from the Clerk of Fairfax County. That will give the \"lie to any slander of title.\" Is unable to visit due to his duties in the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham thanks him for sending the package of papers and hopes to be able to write herself in a few days about other matters.","Thanks him for sending the papers. Does not appear from them that \"Mrs. Washington emancipated the dower negroes.\" Requests more information on that point.","Sees that Miss Cunningham has published an abstract of title furnished her by the Clerk of Fairfax Court, so imagines she will not require further information. Will soon return the other papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has forwarded to her a package of papers which he recovered, apparently detailing the kinds and locations of trees planted at Mount Vernon.","Tells her his lack of response to her letter is due to being away most of the month and having visits from friends, possibly for the last time at Mount Vernon. Pointed out the lines of the old vistas marked by ancient trees. The insurance policies he had were on the house only, not the outbuildings. Recommends she make a new road. Also recommends repairing the wharf.","Sends a newspaper copy of an advertisement she placed wishing to obtain a copy of the photograph taken the previous August at the tomb of Washington which included her daughter, now deceased. She would like to know if she could obtain a list of the attendees of that day so she might write and request this as it is the only photograph of her daughter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the Association still must raise $140,000 to support the Estate which will require extraordinary effort on the part of the Association. Asks her to address visitors at Mount Vernon on the imperative nature of this.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to arrange a \"Grand Ceremonial in connection with the taking of the title\" in order to let people know fund raising is not complete after the purchase. Refers to political turmoil and the impending dissolution of the Union and all the difficulties this will cause. Plans to be at Mount Vernon for 10 days and wants to meet with him to finalize things.","He is fine with executing a deed for the sale of Mount Vernon to the Association and feels there would be no difficulty in the event of his death. He worries about Virginia's seceding from the Union that she might object to selling part of her soil to a corporation composed \"in part of unfriendly foreigners.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham is gratified that he concurs in her proposition and feels her decease would be the most serious difficulty to be apprehended. Wants to meet him at Mount Vernon to place the deed in escrow. Does not feel the possibilities for Virginia he suggested would form a significant barrier.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses an order to Mr. Riggs for steamboat receipts through December 31st. Would be happy to meet her at Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the order on Mr. Bryan for the steamboat receipts. Has been paying insurance which continues until June next and has deducted that from the receipts.","Acknowledges his letter but does not need receipts for premiums of insurance.","Reports that Mr. Herbert only wants to clear the lot of land offered him. Also Mr. Norris has rented out his farm. Turner is not sure where he moved to in Kentucky. Discusses acquisition of material to make shirts for servants.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Had not replied to his earlier letter due to excessive fatigue from her journey from Columbia. Hopes to use patriotic influence to get the \"Agent\" to remit or reduce his fee.","Tells him of a minister who will be in Alexandria and is looking for a vacant church where he could officiate.","Funeral was conducted at Waveland. There is a description of the body and the family. Invoked the Gospel. JAW began family prayers following the death of his wife. Description of his activities over the following days.","Asks Mrs. Howard for a biographical sketch of her father (John Augustine Washington III) for the National Cyclopedia of American Biography.","Two leaflets advertising the writings of Dr. Lyon G. Tyler.","Full title \"A Confederate catechism: The war of 1861-1865.\" Third edition, November 21, 1929. Series of 20 questions and answers about the war.","Wants to know whether the Ladies will discuss the purchase of the pictures and maps he has been offering. He will offer them elsewhere.","Photographic print, cabinet card of a drawing of the east view of the Mansion by unknown artist. Reverse side of card reads \"D.H. Naramore, Photographer, No. 321 King Street, Alexandria, VA.\"","Small engraving probably clipped from a publication. Unknown location or residence shown in image.","Hair clippings in envelope with note \"Hair of the late Lawrence Washington - 1856 - Found among articles bequested to MVLA by Miss Cunningham. Miss Comegys, Regent (1923) directs Supt. to send this to the widow of Mr. Lawrence W.\"","Small black and white photographic print showing the gravestone for Lt. Col. John Augustine Washington.","Black and white photographic print mounted on gray board. Shows Waveland residence with man, two women, and several children visible (unidentified).","Boston: Published by Charles Bowen. Front page signed \"Jane C. Washington, Mount Vernon, 1834.\"","Diary inscribed \"Account of all my recpts. \u0026 expenditures beginning with Sept. 16th, 1841, that being the date at which I came to Mount Vernon to reside.\" There are intermittent entries through November 1859. This is not as full a diary but includes lists of food, clothing, and china, table, and cookware.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details.","Photocopies of undated manuscripts from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1834-1838 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1841-1845 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1846-1849 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1851-1853 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1854-1855 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1856-1857 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (1 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (2 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1859 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1860-1861 from the collection.","Handwritten notes probably by a librarian or other Mount Vernon staff member including summaries of the letters within the collection.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Davis, Henry Winter, 1817-1865","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","McKenzie, Lewis, 1810-1895","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Taylor, John L. (John Lampkin), 1805-1870","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Tyler, Nathaniel, 1828-1917","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.848","/repositories/3/resources/65"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"collection_ssim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet 7 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically with undated material listed at the beginning in alphabetical order by folder title. Addenda, photocopies, and bound volumes are described at the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically with undated material listed at the beginning in alphabetical order by folder title. Addenda, photocopies, and bound volumes are described at the end of the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e(Taken from the Digital Encyclopedia entry by Matthew Costello, George Washington's Mount Vernon website)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. The fourth of five children, he was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. John Augustine spent his young childhood at his parents' Blakeley plantation near present day Charles Town, West Virginia, but after the deaths of Bushrod Washington and his wife Julia in 1829, the Mount Vernon estate became the possession of Bushrod's nephew, John Augustine Washington II. As the son of a wealthy Virginia planter, John Augustine enjoyed a comfortable lifestyle at Mount Vernon, developing interests in politics, hunting, and agriculture. After John Augustine Washington II passed away in June 1832, the estate was left to his widow Jane Charlotte, who vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability without involving her children's inheritances. While John Augustine Washington III preferred his more aristocratic pastimes, Jane insisted that he attend college after his father's death. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, returning to Mount Vernon in September 1841 with a proposition to manage the estate for his mother. She agreed, loaning him twenty-two slaves and contracting his employment for five hundred dollars per year for seven years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs the oldest living male heir, John Augustine Washington III positioned himself to take possession of Mount Vernon from his mother. While she did not pass away until 1855, she gave John Augustine the proverbial keys to the kingdom, granting him full autonomy to run the plantation as he saw fit. However, John Augustine quickly realized that the deteriorating Mount Vernon estate was a far cry from the profitable plantation that his great-great uncle George Washington once presided over. His primary means of income came from wheat and potato production, woodcutting, selling slaves and outsourcing slave labor, collecting land rents, and his herring operation on the Potomac River. However, soil degradation, poor harvests, temperamental weather, and the devastation of crops by insects and pests limited his agricultural returns. While he managed to slow Mount Vernon's financial decline, these endeavors were not enough to stop the downward spiral. In addition to facing these hardships, John Augustine also experienced constant interruptions by sightseers, many of whom wanted the meet the living descendent of General George Washington, see the Mansion, and ask questions about Washington's life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese visitors were considered a nuisance to John Augustine's family, and their presence slowed plantation work for slaves, overseers, and hired farm laborers. Initially John Augustine followed the precedential policies of his mother, father, and uncle Bushrod, publishing trespassing notices around the property, requesting letters of introduction to enter the Mansion, and denying the landing of steamboats on the Potomac River. But with his lands yielding such little profit, John Augustine decided to embrace this historical tourism, implementing business strategies to extract money from the thousands of visitors who journeyed to the home of George Washington. In order to bring more people to the estate, he entered into a contract with the proprietors of the Thomas Collyer to permit their steamboat to dock directly at Mount Vernon. He also promoted and invested in the construction of the Alexandria, Mount Vernon, and Accotink Turnpike Road, which was designed to make travel easier to Mount Vernon over land. As more visitors descended upon the grounds, he instructed slaves and laborers to sell bouquets of flowers, fruit, milk, and hand-carved canes to tourists. Beyond the property boundaries, he went into business with James Crutchett, who purchased timber from the estate and manufactured wooden Washington trinkets near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad depot in the nation's capital. While John Augustine Washington capitalized on the American fascination with George Washington, these sales were not substantial enough to convince him to retain Mount Vernon. He attempted to sell the property to both the federal government and the state of Virginia, but both bodies were deeply mired in sectional and political partisanship. Convinced that neither would meet his terms, he agreed to sell 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate, which included the Mansion, outlying buildings, and the family tomb to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) in 1858 for $200,000. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine and his family vacated Mount Vernon for their new home Waveland plantation in February 1860. About a year later the state of Virginia called for a convention to debate the issue of secession, and in April 1861, Virginia delegates responded to the firing on Fort Sumter by voting in favor of leaving the Union. John Augustine joined the Confederate Army as a lieutenant colonel, and he served as aide-de-camp to his relative by marriage, General Robert E. Lee. In September 1861, John Augustine was killed during a reconnaissance mission at the Battle of Cheat Mountain by a Union bushwhacker. In a letter to John's teenage daughter Louisa, Lee painfully informed her that her father \"fell in the cause to which he had devoted all his energies, and which his noble heart was earnestly enlisted.\" The two men had shared many conversations and moments together as tent mates, and Lee admired his unflinching \"devotion to Almighty God,\" assuring Louisa that \"He is now safely in Heaven.\" John Augustine was buried in the Zion Episcopal Churchyard in Charles Town, West Virginia, one of several Washington family members who fought and died for Southern independence. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["(Taken from the Digital Encyclopedia entry by Matthew Costello, George Washington's Mount Vernon website)","John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. The fourth of five children, he was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. John Augustine spent his young childhood at his parents' Blakeley plantation near present day Charles Town, West Virginia, but after the deaths of Bushrod Washington and his wife Julia in 1829, the Mount Vernon estate became the possession of Bushrod's nephew, John Augustine Washington II. As the son of a wealthy Virginia planter, John Augustine enjoyed a comfortable lifestyle at Mount Vernon, developing interests in politics, hunting, and agriculture. After John Augustine Washington II passed away in June 1832, the estate was left to his widow Jane Charlotte, who vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability without involving her children's inheritances. While John Augustine Washington III preferred his more aristocratic pastimes, Jane insisted that he attend college after his father's death. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, returning to Mount Vernon in September 1841 with a proposition to manage the estate for his mother. She agreed, loaning him twenty-two slaves and contracting his employment for five hundred dollars per year for seven years.","As the oldest living male heir, John Augustine Washington III positioned himself to take possession of Mount Vernon from his mother. While she did not pass away until 1855, she gave John Augustine the proverbial keys to the kingdom, granting him full autonomy to run the plantation as he saw fit. However, John Augustine quickly realized that the deteriorating Mount Vernon estate was a far cry from the profitable plantation that his great-great uncle George Washington once presided over. His primary means of income came from wheat and potato production, woodcutting, selling slaves and outsourcing slave labor, collecting land rents, and his herring operation on the Potomac River. However, soil degradation, poor harvests, temperamental weather, and the devastation of crops by insects and pests limited his agricultural returns. While he managed to slow Mount Vernon's financial decline, these endeavors were not enough to stop the downward spiral. In addition to facing these hardships, John Augustine also experienced constant interruptions by sightseers, many of whom wanted the meet the living descendent of General George Washington, see the Mansion, and ask questions about Washington's life. ","These visitors were considered a nuisance to John Augustine's family, and their presence slowed plantation work for slaves, overseers, and hired farm laborers. Initially John Augustine followed the precedential policies of his mother, father, and uncle Bushrod, publishing trespassing notices around the property, requesting letters of introduction to enter the Mansion, and denying the landing of steamboats on the Potomac River. But with his lands yielding such little profit, John Augustine decided to embrace this historical tourism, implementing business strategies to extract money from the thousands of visitors who journeyed to the home of George Washington. In order to bring more people to the estate, he entered into a contract with the proprietors of the Thomas Collyer to permit their steamboat to dock directly at Mount Vernon. He also promoted and invested in the construction of the Alexandria, Mount Vernon, and Accotink Turnpike Road, which was designed to make travel easier to Mount Vernon over land. As more visitors descended upon the grounds, he instructed slaves and laborers to sell bouquets of flowers, fruit, milk, and hand-carved canes to tourists. Beyond the property boundaries, he went into business with James Crutchett, who purchased timber from the estate and manufactured wooden Washington trinkets near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad depot in the nation's capital. While John Augustine Washington capitalized on the American fascination with George Washington, these sales were not substantial enough to convince him to retain Mount Vernon. He attempted to sell the property to both the federal government and the state of Virginia, but both bodies were deeply mired in sectional and political partisanship. Convinced that neither would meet his terms, he agreed to sell 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate, which included the Mansion, outlying buildings, and the family tomb to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) in 1858 for $200,000. ","John Augustine and his family vacated Mount Vernon for their new home Waveland plantation in February 1860. About a year later the state of Virginia called for a convention to debate the issue of secession, and in April 1861, Virginia delegates responded to the firing on Fort Sumter by voting in favor of leaving the Union. John Augustine joined the Confederate Army as a lieutenant colonel, and he served as aide-de-camp to his relative by marriage, General Robert E. Lee. In September 1861, John Augustine was killed during a reconnaissance mission at the Battle of Cheat Mountain by a Union bushwhacker. In a letter to John's teenage daughter Louisa, Lee painfully informed her that her father \"fell in the cause to which he had devoted all his energies, and which his noble heart was earnestly enlisted.\" The two men had shared many conversations and moments together as tent mates, and Lee admired his unflinching \"devotion to Almighty God,\" assuring Louisa that \"He is now safely in Heaven.\" John Augustine was buried in the Zion Episcopal Churchyard in Charles Town, West Virginia, one of several Washington family members who fought and died for Southern independence. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis diary may not actually be part of accession RM-848 as it is not mentioned in the initial inventory/correspondence. However, it was in the same box as the other diaries and the almanac when found on the shelf, therefore it was described with the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This diary may not actually be part of accession RM-848 as it is not mentioned in the initial inventory/correspondence. However, it was in the same box as the other diaries and the almanac when found on the shelf, therefore it was described with the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarly Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection concerns the inheritance, maintenance, and sale of the Mount Vernon estate by its last private owner, John Augustine Washington III. A large majority of the collection is correspondence to or from John Augustine Washington III with a significant portion relating to the purchase of the estate by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Three diaries kept by John Augustine are also included and contain important information about his slaves, agricultural practices, and finances. Other types of material in the collection include legal documents, receipts, photographs, and ephemera. Photocopies were made for most of the manuscripts and can be viewed as surrogates to the originals. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDescendants of John Augustine Washington III maintained ownership of these records until 1990 when they were sold to Gary Hendershott, a manuscripts dealer from Little Rock, Arkansas. The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association purchased the collection in October 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLists signatures and states that all members of Congress would sign if requested.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStates they are now the \"best of friends.\" She is angry at people who denigrate his motives. Wants to make known his true nature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Ritchie requests he arrive at the theatre a little after 12:00 so all guests may be seated prior to the rise of the curtain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe had sent her present of flowers to Mrs. Madison, and they were \"greatfully\" received.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis mother wants help valuing her sheep. Describes one offer for Mount Vernon with great disdain. They want to have entertainments there. He has great respect for \"your manly pride.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApologizes for having intruded too much on his privacy during a recent visit when Mrs. Ritchie and others of the ladies \"took forcible possession of me\" and requested cuttings of flowers. Hopes he will establish a Botanic Garden and suggests a location for a Mausoleum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her return from Mount Vernon in much rain. Discusses crops. Gives instructions for sending things to her. Asks report of conversation that was \"highly derogatory to me.\" Feels items should be sold to visitors so they will not pilfer mementos.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges sale of Mount Vernon to Virginia rather than to a private sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResolution wants to change the site of the Military Asylum to Mount Vernon if a part of the estate can be purchased at a reasonable price.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces some friends who wish to visit Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives family news and an account of a visit by a gentleman who spent the night at Mount Vernon and gave $5 to West Ford. Discusses sale of a slave to his cousin. Has heard of a bill by the federal government to purchase Mount Vernon and wishes it would be accepted. Mentions prices and terms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs sending oats and other items to Mount Vernon. Urges him to pursue his studies. Wishes him to send some oysters and sugar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends funds for completing the vault at Mount Vernon and authorizes him to take more money from his bank if necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for the many civilities experienced by them during their visit to Mount Vernon. Sends a piece of a branch of a fig tree cut from the birth spot of \"your immortal ancestor.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs against his plans for Mount Vernon and opening it to \"every low idler.\" Discusses payments and what form they would take.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrief note of regards, translated by J. Perkins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeard about people being charged to enter the garden. Wishes he would stop this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know price and terms of sale of Mount Vernon. If not for sale, could it be leased. (Contains typed transcript.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas glad to hear that Mount Vernon was not for sale as it should remain in the hands of the Washington family. Wishes to \"establish a house of entertainment in the vicinity of Mount Vernon.\" Asks questions as to materials and location of such. (Contains typed transcript.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs in the market to purchase negroes as one of his men, Alfred, has run off. Wants to know whether she still wishes to dispose of her negroes and what her price would be. He could pay $500 cash and then pay off the principal in a year or two.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLists names of executors and legatees and their shares and values.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of an upcoming visit to Washington and Mount Vernon by a \"highly respectable volunteer corps.\" They wish to arrive by boat and see the tomb of Washington. He understands permission to do so is necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs worried his health is suffering by his labors at Mount Vernon. Hopes he will accept any reasonable offer by the U.S. Government for it. Went into town to have magistrates witness her acknowledgment of the deed of release. Discusses a suit brought by Judge Douglass and the health of various family members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDoubts whether an offer will be made by the U.S. Government. Hopes it would as she feels his health is suffering from attending to business at Mount Vernon. Recommends someone to help him acquire an overseer. Was paid money for him. Discusses the failing health of Dr. Alexander's mother and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs horrified to learn of auction of Wood Lawn. Proposes to run a steamboat between Washington to Wood Lawn, Fort Washington, Mount Vernon, and the White House. Gives references. Pledges to bring members of Congress there and feels it would enhance the chances of the purchase of Mount Vernon by the government. Suggests it could be used as a summer home for the President. Discusses various items left by Washington and the soon to be completed Chesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio Canal. (contains typed transcript)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of a letter he received from an unknown man who wants to obtain a tree from Mount Vernon to transplant in France to shade the bench of Christopher Columbus which he possesses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecommends leaving it to Congress to propose a price for the purchase of Mount Vernon. She feels he wants too much for it, and that it really should not be sold. Gives family news. Gives advice on his search for an overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter discusses the Supreme Court taking on the suit of Mr. Hammond against General Washington. Bassett says he discharged all debts owed by Captain Lewis. There is another copy of the names of executors and legatees and their shares and values. Discussions of various debts owed to different people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses various suits, mostly Hammonds, against the estate and their current status. Many people have died since 1827 when they were last listed. Will take a long time to find people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscussion of the Hammond suit and payments still owed to various creditors, to be paid by all the legatees of General Washington's estate. Most dollar figures are left blank to be filled in later. Prompt payment by all legatees is required.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his father's will and his lack of knowledge of the whereabouts of various other people mentioned in JAW's letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnswering his inquiries as to various relatives. Suggests he write to the clerk of Kanawha County for the information he requires. Suggests he contact Andrew Parks who probably has all the facts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses sale of swamp land. He paid the taxes on it for the Washington heirs. The land is not worth much since the timber had been taken from it by many people over the years. Would like to be reimbursed for the money he paid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe wishes to meet with him in the middle of November, at which time they can conclude their business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the bill in Congress to purchase Mount Vernon. Wants assets divided up between her children so all are taken care of. Tells of Charles' upcoming marriage before he leaves for California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the codicil of his father's will. Mrs. Washington is not compelled to sell. Upon her death, the heirs may sell despite the codicil. Suggests Mrs. Washington partition the land before her death in order that JAW may do \"what you please with the land.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvites him to the wedding of his oldest daughter the next week.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been in Charlestown attending services for the week. Is amazed at the prospect of $200,000 being paid for Mount Vernon by the government. Wants him to send fish and to pickle some \"Rock.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription included) George Page and a surveyor from Maryland wanted to survey land in the Potomac River adjacent to Mount Vernon with the object of bringing steamboats there. Was notified he would be charged with some offense by Maryland. Makes him aware that the compact between the states means they have no claim on him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter – wants to know if Mount Vernon Estate will be sold. Second letter – understands the government might become the owner of the estate and wants to meet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to petition the Court to finally settle the estate of General Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter – wants to examine Mount Vernon with a view to the establishment of a military asylum for the relief of soldiers. Second letter – tells him the price for Mount Vernon is too high, and purchase of a location nearer Washington will be undertaken.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn account by a boat company of receipts over the past year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the landing of boats at Mount Vernon without JAW's previous knowledge. Wants them to be allowed to dock if they pay the usual fare to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges payment for the pianoforte. Wants four walking sticks cut from near General Washington's tomb to be sent to monks in Italy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgreement to sell 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000. Includes all buildings and the tomb, as well as furnishings currently there. Also will allow heirs to be buried there. He may not sell the estate without first offering it to the U.S. Government and the State of Virginia for no more than $350,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been unable to contact other parties to the contract. Hopes to be able to do so soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA committee of the House of Delegates has been appointed to consider the purchase of Mount Vernon. Wants to meet him in Alexandria to discuss this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a newspaper clipping about the acquisition of Mount Vernon by the State of Virginia. Tells him the committee of five will look into the will of the people as to this acquisition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddressed only to \"Mrs. Washington.\" Unclear whether it is addressed to Mrs. Jane C.B. Washington or Mrs. Eleanor L.S. Washington. (Typed transcription included) Has heard that Mount Vernon is for sale, possibly to northern people. Feels the Ladies of the South might instead procure it and wants to know the price.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDoes not wish to part with Mount Vernon but wishes to keep it from the changeable fortunes of a family and to ally it to the State. Would sell 200 acres with stipulations for $200,000. If the State wants to establish a model farm there, he would sell an additional 1,000 acres for $300,000. Invites them to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his offer to sell Mount Vernon to the state. Says $200,000 is less than the property could sell for on the market. Talks about having a model farm as nothing meant more to Washington than farming. Would welcome them to visit. Reminds them that his terms cannot be materially modified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription included) Says he is asking less money of the state than he had been offered by others. Tells them of his desire for a model farm as the pursuit of an improved system of agriculture was of great importance to General Washington. Would welcome a visit from them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to clear up suggestions that he is falsely referring to higher offers for Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Committee feels the price for Mount Vernon \"is enormous.\" Would prefer the money to be used for a rail road.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDraft in writing of John Augustine Washington III. Addressed to \"Miss Cunningham\" but could also be a response to Louisa Cunningham's letter instead of Ann Pamela Cunningham. Praises the women of the south for their affection for Washington. Does not wish to dispose of the property except to the government of the United States or Virginia and so declines the proposition from the \"Ladies of the South.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDraft thought to be in the writing of Jane C.B. Washington. Identical text to previous letter (draft in the hand of John Augustine Washington III).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a power of attorney and some other letters. Has agreed to reduction of $50,000 on 1000 acres. Will accept nothing less than $200,000 for the 200 acres. Agrees to pay him 5% of what he gets from either government agency, provided it occurs in the current session.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe state might be willing to pay $50,000 per year for four years for Mount Vernon but not the total of $200,000 at once. Wonders what is happening with the federal government. \"Things are coming to a head rapidly.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs long as negotiations with Virginia remain open, it would not be proper for him to entertain any proposals from other parties for the purchase of Mount Vernon. Might be interested in the future in making an offer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeels priority should be given to Congress to purchase Mount Vernon, and therefore Virginia is holding off on more committee meetings. Wants him to be there for future committee meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to meet with Arthur Taylor as his representative in the proposed sale of Mount Vernon. Requests that he not send papers to Col. Bissell before meeting with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas the papers from Mr. Washington and wants to meet with him to discuss the sale of Mount Vernon to the U.S. Government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssures him that he has not given the letters from him to Mr. Bissell and has requested Mr. Taylor to come see him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses the previous letter and hopes they will be able to meet soon. Feels it best to not commit to any course with the U.S. until a definite answer comes from the Virginia Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvites him to come to his lodgings at any time at 9 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to return to his \"hospitable roof\" at this time. Values the time she was there and having been \"entrusted with the training of such bright intelligences.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on his share of earnings from \"Washington's Writings.\" Many copies of the book were destroyed in a fire, but the stereotype and engraved plates were in a fire proof vault.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeels it is very important for him to communicate with the federal government and is willing to help in any way.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Taylor shared his letter proposing to bring the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon again before Congress. His terms are already known to him – the same as those agreed to for the State of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to bring up the purchase of Mount Vernon in Congress but wants to know just what terms he agreed to with Virginia. Wants the Northern States to purchase it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives terms of sale, including that family members still living may also be buried there. Additional property to total 1000 acres may be purchased for $300,000, for a model farm as suggested by Gen. Washington. Tells him the state of Virginia had proposed the sale for less than he wanted which he refused.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a copy of the bill reported to the House of Delegates Committee for the purchase of Mount Vernon. He told them it would not meet with JAW's approval. Urges him to move quickly on the Turnpike matter for this session.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs very desirous of having the State of Virginia take possession of Mount Vernon and \"have the sole control and ownership forever.\" Wants to know what terms he proposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives him the terms of sale. The Washington family shall be permitted to be buried on the site, and no remains shall ever be disturbed. The price shall be $200,000, with an additional 800 acres available for $100,000 more\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill not accede to propositions of the steamboat company. Will be busy for a few weeks but wants to see a copy of the agreement currently in effect.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of Mrs. Mason presenting \"a remonstrance against your turnpike.\" Wants access to $250 at Farmers Bank in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses payments based on sales of \"Washington's Writings.\" Tells percentages paid to various legatees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses quarrelling and squabbling among the ladies purchasing Mount Vernon. Is concerned about security around the remains of George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to send a letter to him so he may correct disparaging remarks made about his impending sale of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs writing to her as requested by JAW. Describes a woman mourning her deceased eight-year-old son. Includes a poem about grief and moving on after death of a child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Mr. Mason very much wants to meet him and getting a letter from JAW that would announce the news of their \"progress.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for the kindness of him and Mrs. Washington on her recent visit to Mount Vernon. Urges him to send a letter to be published about the sale of Mount Vernon before the news is released by someone else.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Assures her he does not care what others say about him and remains hopeful of selling Mount Vernon to the State of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Explains the absence of Mr. Toombs when JAW came to see him. Tells him why she is now dealing with Mr. Toombs rather than Mr. Mason.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes to meet him in Washington City as she will be there for a few days during her travel south. Wants a thorough understanding of his wishes and intentions before meeting with the governor of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter in the National Intelligencer and put the estate under the care of the State of Virginia. (This is a copy of a letter written by Anna's husband.) Second letter, dated March 5, 1857 on same paper: Refers to letter copied out by her. Is certain a sufficient sum will have been raised by February 22 to enable Virginia to purchase Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter to the National Intelligencer and consent to place the estate once more at the disposal of Virginia which has an arrangement with the \"Ladies' Mount Vernon Association of the Union.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis musical association played a concert on behalf of the \"Ladies Mt. Vernon Association\" at which $100 was raised. The musical group would benefit greatly from receiving this money back if Mr. Washington has no plans to sell to the Ladies Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWould love to spend time at Mount Vernon, but his schedule will not allow at this time. His book will be published during the winter and spring, but he doesn't feel a visit would add anything.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe remains willing to place Mount Vernon in the hands of the State of Virginia, under his terms which the state has not seemed to want to meet. The proposal to have Mount Vernon by under the Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union is unacceptable to him. Doubts they could maintain the estate in perpetuity. It would then be taken over by the state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Identical to previous letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Responding to his letter to Mr. Ritchie. Urges him to put out that the Ladies are to raise $200,000 on behalf of the State of Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not wish to publish parts of letters. Feels \"nothing but silent contempt can put them at rest.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(W.L. Underwood – most likely Warner Lewis Underwood, Kentucky Senator) Tells JAW that if his current negotiations for Mount Vernon should fall through that his organization would be pleased to enter into further discussions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain says he wishes Mount Vernon to go to the State of Virginia, to be decided upon by the current session of the General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to know who told her that he was \"willing… for a pecuniary consideration to break engagements and promises.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Masonic Brotherhood is interested in purchasing Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the tour the previous day. Apologizes for the bad behavior of one member and hopes that will not prejudice him against the Fraternity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) She met with the governor who told her the \"Extra Session\" of the Legislature was for the \"presidential contest,\" so the Legislature will not be meeting again until the next winter. Realizes this delay is not pleasing to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires whether any action has been taken by the Legislature or is likely to be.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him no action has yet been taken by the Legislature but feels sure it will be taken up after the Christmas recess, after which the ladies will be enabled to purchase Mount Vernon and have its title transferred to Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses various prices for Mount Vernon and quotes JAW as vehemently denying that he wanted the remains of General Washington moved. He wishes the estate to be the property of the United States and all the people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him she has been very ill but is sure that the Legislature will act.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Tells him Gov. Wise is \"inimical to our 'cause'\" which is the reason the Legislature has not taken up the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon.\" Talks of the financial crisis which is being felt by \"we victimized cotton planters.\" Tells him of the impending sale of copies of a portrait of Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) She writes of her illness and lack of strength. The Constitution of the Association was signed by the governor. Tells him various Masonic orders have decided to become allies of the Association. Hopes to have the contract signed between Virginia and him on the 22nd of February.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvites recipient to the elevation of the Statue of Washington on February 22 in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Is looking forward to the inauguration of the Washington statue. Wants him to vow that the Ladies of the Association are the \"very best friends you have in the world.\" Tells him that Gov. Wise is no friend to him or to her and this cause.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Has a document that states Virginia will purchase Mount Vernon from him and encloses a copy of the bill. Is sure the governor will act strongly to defeat this. Wants him to attend the address by Mr. Everett a few days before the 22nd of February. Tells him how lucky he is to get $200,000 in \"these awful times.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives price of sale of $200,000 for 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate and pledges the MVLA to guarantee to not disturb any remains currently there and to allow descendants of JAW to also be interred there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Praises him for agreeing that Mount Vernon is to be a public shrine and to limit interments there. Gen. Chapman included that in the third reading of the bill. Discusses the building of a new mausoleum for Washington which would not go against his will. Talks of her illness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the disposition of family remains, as well as those of General Washington, are his biggest concerns in the sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes he is happy about the bill as read in the Legislature. Tells him it is she and not the Committee who wants to arrange for a magnificent mausoleum. Closes by saying she is too exhausted to \"even give a hint of the nature of woman's revenge should you not be in a state of delight over our bill!!!\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Remains adamant as to a future mausoleum as Washington stated where he wished his remains to be. Cannot travel to Richmond at present due to the illness of Mrs. Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Agreement ends with reference to the 10th of February) Deals with payment of $6,000 to heirs of W.F. Alexander and Anna Alexander as a share of Mount Vernon. Expressly says none of these heirs have any claim to the proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon, other than the $6,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that though Gov. Wise is no friend to the Mount Vernon cause, he did not intend to put his remarks under the head of Lunatic Asylum. It was a complete accident.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses another article by Mr. Pryor who is \"using his art to arouse the fear, \u0026amp; cupidity of the timid \u0026amp; narrow minded of this Legislature.\" Asks him about his previous offer from a company to purchase the estate, and that he wanted to wait for Congress to act.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) States that his price for Mount Vernon has always been $200,000, since he gained control of it in 1849. Asks whether he ever made an offer for Mount Vernon for $100,000. If so, under whose authority was it made?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to confirm with him that his offer to sell Mount Vernon as a site for the Military Asylum in 1851 was for $200,000 and not $100,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of a contract with a gentleman to sell him 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000 with the condition that the property should be offered to the U.S. and to Virginia. If neither purchased it, he should take the property. He then offered $50,000 to release him from that obligation, but JAW refused. Says he never has offered it for sale in public or private.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he was authorized by JAW to offer Mount Vernon for a Military Asylum for $100,000. Will search for papers to confirm this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Advises that on March 25, 1851, he made an offer to sell about 150 acres of the Mount Vernon estate for $200,000 for an Army Asylum or some other government purpose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Thanks him for sending a copy of the correspondence of Gen. Scott. Miss C. is intensely engaged in getting past Mr. Pryor's malicious misrepresentation of the Bill. If he can defeat us, he will.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReiterates that Alexander and his heirs have no claim to any proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon beyond the agreed upon $6,000 and requests him to add a paragraph to that effect to the agreement they will both sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her in Richmond, despite his recent fall. Refers to the animosity of Mr. Pryor toward the bill. Wishes there could be an Extra Session for it to pass.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain states his disagreement with Mr. McKenzie's assertion of his having offered $100,000 for Mount Vernon. No one else knew of such an offer. Gen. Scott agrees with JAW in his recollections. Tells her of a recent fall from a horse which will prevent his visit to Richmond on the 22nd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him and his family to attend the inauguration of the equestrian statue of Washington on the Capital Square in Richmond. Says he would be pleased to host them at their home near the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is uncertain whether he will be able to travel to Richmond and wants her to update him on matters related to the Bill as \"I have not in any manner approached\" any of his friends or acquaintances on the subject. It is important for her to convince members that the association only needs the name of the State which will not be called upon to pay any of the money for the purchase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham begs him to attend Mr. Everett's oration and hopes to speak to him on the Square tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Continues to be unwell. Introduces him to Mr. A.H.H. Dawson of Georgia, \"an eccentric genius.\" He is devoted to the purposes of the Association and has delivered an address about it in 30 towns in Georgia. Urges him to come to Richmond to meet with members of the Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is sorry he was unable to call on her before leaving Richmond. Wants clarification about alterations Mr. Yancy thought necessary in the paper he left with her. He wants a decision by the Legislature, yes or no, soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that the Legislature is \"in a row\" and will not pass any bills before an Extra Session. Wants him to bring a contract to her so they are prepared for any contingencies. Tells him of her illness of the lungs and her treatment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Reiterates the importance of the sanctity of the family burying ground. Wants to have some alterations and additions of a substantial permanent character made to the present vault, with a durable enclosure around it. He is open to payment in stocks or cash for the estate. Says they should have an act of incorporation before signing a contract.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Gen. Chapman was drawing up an act of incorporation before the bill comes up. He said Virginia must not hold the tomb; the Association must hold it. She remains very ill. \"yrs in much suffering\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs preparing a pamphlet to defend JAW against detractors and wants copies of correspondence he had with Gen. Scott and others about possible purchase of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) The bill in Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon, to be refunded by the MVLA, was defeated in the House of Delegates. In addition Congress cannot purchase land in a sovereign state without its consent. Tells him it should be the property of the Nation and should be sold to the MVLA. \"With grateful women pledged to guard the sacred ashes of Washington and to adorn his home for a national shrine.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Says it has become obvious that neither Virginia nor the U.S. wish to purchase Mount Vernon. Therefore \"the women of the land will probably be the safest as they will certainly be the purest guardians of a national shrine.\" He waits for her to make a proposal to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham requests that he answer the letter she gave him relating to the purchase of Mount Vernon and to return it to her. She will give him a copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is returning her letter to him as it seemed to be improperly dated and lacked her signature. When she remedies those defects, he will send an answer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to meet with him on Saturday morning in Alexandria to sign the contract.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is very unhappy about delays put forth by Messrs. Macfarland \u0026amp; Myers. They felt there had to be an acceptance of the contract by all or a majority of the Vice Regents before it could be signed. They can do this by telegraph, permitting Mrs. Ritchie to act for them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to come without delay. It was thought things would be delayed as Mrs. Walton's husband had died, but now Mr. McFarland advised them to send for him at once. Miss Cunningham is not good and needs to bring matters to a close \"ere it be too late.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her that afternoon or evening as Dr. Beale \"considers it necessary to apply a severe blister without delay.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Upon reflection she feels the letter she sent him for publication is not to be published. She does not wish to \"make enemies even in a State which has given me so little cause to respect it.\" Mrs. Ritchie will work on a better worded one which she will send to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe deposited money to his credit for the contract and wants to know if this was correct. Tells him the pony he was inquiring about is not for sale. Also felt much concern about the accounts of the fisheries. Looks forward to a visit with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the plat of the 200 acres of land he agreed to sell to the MVLA. Wants him to sign it and return it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) About the plat, he is having the land resurveyed and \"have the necessary corners stones set.\" He will send it back with a signature after that. Also encloses her letter of March 12 and wants a copy of her letter as published with her signature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know if George Thorburn may visit Mount Vernon in the 28th of May to inspect the grounds in regards to the improvements to be made. He is \"no doubt the first horticulturist in America\" and a plain, unpolished person. It would be good for JAW's surveyor to meet with Mr. Thorburn to go over the grounds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is \"exceedingly provoked\" at the newspaper coverage in connection with the sale of Mount Vernon. As a college friend he felt he had to contact an editor and correct the information. He hopes he did not make the situation worse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain requests he host the \"celebrated florist\" at Mount Vernon to look over the grounds before they come to Mount Vernon on the 29th for a few hours.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgrees to have Mr. Thorburn come and meet with surveyors. Asks if Mr. Thorburn could be appointed the Agent of the Association in drawing up with the surveyors the lines of the 200 acres. He will \"grant any reasonable request of the Association.\" Hopes to see Mr. Ritchie and her while he yet resides at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first attests to receipt of interest on the $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington. \tThe second is for $2,000 as part of the $6,000 owed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to reduce the price of Mount Vernon to $150,000 so as to better fund all the expenses associated with its ownership by the MVLA. Tells him to buy land in \"some of the new states\" with that money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know what stocks or bonds would be acceptable as part of the purchase price. Gives the current rate of Virginia stock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges his decline to the proposition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReplying to a previous letter. Cannot answer the questions of Miss Lewis as he does not remember where Col. Fielding Lewis died. Her wishes are an illusion. Wonders if some land in Kentucky is what she is dreaming of. Hopes the Ladies will be able to preserve Mount Vernon after they complete the purchase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs a new Mason, wants to know if he will amend the contract to state that the property will revert to the United States or the Masonic Fraternity in the event of a dissolution of the MVLA and not to the state of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites to her cousin about an article in the paper that morning that was a \"vile abolition libel on you.\" Wants to assure her lady friends that it is untrue.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs involved in illustrating an article about Mount Vernon as it is of interest to the American people. Wants to visit to sketch objects that have not been drawn. The MVLA is in favor of such an article to assist with their fund raising.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs amazed at the scurrilous attacks made on him by Northern Papers which are calculated to embarrass the Mount Vernon Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for his letter about the calumnies in some Northern newspapers but has no desire to enter into a controversy with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants him to tell her of his agreement with Mr. Crutchett of Mount Vernon Cane Factory who was given permission to come and cut trees on the estate. Asks what value he puts on the remainder of the estate contiguous to the 200 acres.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Gives details of his contract with Mr. Crutchett which expired in February 1856. He was permitted to take more trees before January 1857. He has no right to \"come upon the property I have sold the Association to cut timber.\" Has not put a price on the remainder of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for the hospitality given to him and his sister on their visit to Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham was happy to hear his account of the transactions with Mr. Crutchett. Wants him to come to Philadelphia to confer upon private matters of great importance to the Association and himself. She is equally interested in the final settlement of the boundary lines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter (incomplete) congratulates him on the sale of Mount Vernon. Requests return of portrait of his mother. Second letter thanks him for agreeing to return the portrait. He and his family would very much like to visit Mount Vernon again before it becomes public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes he can come to Washington to meet with him. Wants Mr. Washington to stay with him to \"pay off the debt of visiting you at Mt. Vernon.\" Miss Cunningham is making arrangements to pay the first bond with interest in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Looks forward to making payment of the first installment. Mr. Riggs will pay sums of $5,000 as soon as it is raised. Hopes to be able to pay the remainder of 2d installment on 1st of January 1859. Begs him to keep these matters as a \"profound secret.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiss Cunningham wants to make the first payment on December 14, the anniversary of Washington's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of payment to Burke \u0026amp; Herbert of $10,000 on that day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him the box containing the chairs has not yet arrived. He wants to be allowed to pay for the repairs necessary to the chairs. Invites him and his family to visit him in Richmond before they go farther away from it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to make the first payment on the 1st, but this is a holiday. Urges him not to risk sending the plat executed by Washington himself but to have it be lithographed. Wants to clear up the boundaries. Tells him to keep the discussion of the sale of additional land private.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to gather branches from the estate in order to make canes to sell to aid in the purchase of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTheir project would require the consent of the Regent of the MVLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Confidential) Miss Cunningham is too ill to reply to his last letter. Lets him know his presence might be required on the 22nd but all arrangements must be kept private. The upcoming payment will be about $14,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to accept the money already paid to him (for the \"selling your relations bones.\") He already received more money than the estate was worth. Note on the letter states he ensured his control over the remains in \"such a way that they can never be sold by any one.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not want to go to Philadelphia unless it is absolutely necessary. He recently heard that Mrs. Esther M. Lewis (widow of Lorenzo Lewis) wants to present the harpsichord that was given to Nelly to the MVLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for copy of the inscription on a bust. He realized he had not copied the pencil sketch of the Destruction of the Bastille. Would JAW please have a photograph of it sent to him for an upcoming book on the history of Mount Vernon. Will send a copy of the book to him in September when it is published.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges receipt of $1,000 which completes the payment of $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Regent wants JAW to not allow any more sketches to be made of Mount Vernon or the grounds without her consent. Attached is a copy of an advertisement for sale of a portrait of Washington. The Mount Vernon Record gives an account of fund raising to date. Mr. Everett thanks Devereux for sending him a copy of the Farewell Address.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Requests her to send him definite instructions to enable him to prohibit people from making sketches of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells them he has written to the Regent requesting her instructions about the matter they raised with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent now feels that it would \"not be practicable for you to refuse privileges hitherto granted\" in the matter of sketches. There is also a newspaper clipping with letters from JAW and the Regent about the sale of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey wrote to him on the 14th as the Regent was prostrated. Requests any material he might have about the area in England where Washington's ancestor came from.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of terms under which they ran their steamboat to Mount Vernon. They paid him money with the understanding that he would make repairs to the wharf and footway, under the agreement, but he did not. He ordered his captain to have it done and will retain that money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses a copy of the previous letter and asks him to advise her as to her response to Mr. Bryan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham much enjoyed his previous letter and its humor. Hopes he will waive the requisition of 10 days notice before receiving payments. Can give him at least 30 days notice before requiring possession, and hopefully 60 days. She has \"been very much of an invalid for many weeks.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come to Philadelphia around the 10th or 12th so they may consult in regard to the future. They can have the boundary line settled and put many business affairs in order. Miss Cunningham intends to make a payment on the last installment as soon \"as you will receive it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) He will travel to Philadelphia and meet with her on Wednesday. Will give directions to Messrs. Burke \u0026amp; Herbert for the last installment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham wants him to arrive on Thursday and then accompany her to hear Mr. Everett in the evening. She and Mr. Everett would then meet with him on Friday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) He agrees to come to Philadelphia on Thursday and meet as she suggests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent wants him to \"have the kindness not to speak of the particulars of your interview with her.\" She also requests him to confer with Mr. Herbert, after which Mr. Herbert should meet with Mr. Riggs and let her know the arrangements he would be willing to make. \"This matter she particularly desires should be confidential.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to send him the photographs of the Picture of the Bastille and let him know what he owes for this service. Thanks him for his kindness in all this matter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain asks for the photograph of the Bastille picture as his book is finished, and he is only waiting for that.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham regrets that he and Mr. Riggs were unable to meet at Mount Vernon to discuss all it is possible to do without annoyance to the family. Would like to commence work on the outbuildings near the garden and to rebuild the roof and pillars of the piazza. Also wants to do work around the Tomb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Apologizes for delay in responding to his recent letter, but the news of Captain Cunningham's decease has made it impossible for Miss Cunningham to \"think of even the most pressing business.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for sending the photograph and encloses $5. Apologizes for keeping three documents for so long. Wants to return the documents and send him a copy of the book in September. Asks whether he may keep the Pohick elevation as it is in Washington's hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetails work done on various dresses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs sorry to hear that JAW will be leaving Mount Vernon before Hubard can get there to visit. Wants to know whether Mr. Mills does possess the moulds made by Houdon. Wants to see a cast made from the mould as he is convinced it is a fraud.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCannot say whether the Richmond statue is accurate but to him the head looks identical to the Mount Vernon bust. Has never heard of the moulds being left at Mount Vernon and does not believe Mr. Mills would have removed anything without his permission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to clarify his original assertion that he feels Houdon did not use the moulds made from Washington's face as he asserts they are very different from the head of Houdon. Also wants to know whether the table on which Washington lay when the moulds were made is still at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for sending money from the steamboat company for the MVLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill be writing an article for Encyclopedia Britannica and is \"desirous of stating the facts relative to the emancipation of the Genl's slaves.\" Also wants to know whether Mrs. Washington left a will and whether she freed her slaves in it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes to obtain a copy of the inventory of General Washington's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMakes assertion that General Washington was sued and judgment rendered against him. Also some northern papers are speculating that he lost his money and had mortgaged the Mount Vernon estate for $400,000. Encloses a copy of the certificate of the appraiser as entered in 1810.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs returning the papers lent to him and sending a copy of his book on Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the use of the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Reminds her that his request for her lawyer to sift through an abstract of his title to Mount Vernon has not been complied with. This would answer questions raised by anonymous persons which have \"caused you some uneasiness.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiss Cunningham wants to conclusively prove the falsehood of assertions of the invalidity of his title to the estate. The Clerk of Fairfax County will attest to the truth but wants to see his father's will and evidence of the payment of $6,000 charged to the estate. Looks forward to putting to rest this falsehood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs still waiting for the certificate from the Clerk of Fairfax County. That will give the \"lie to any slander of title.\" Is unable to visit due to his duties in the Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham thanks him for sending the package of papers and hopes to be able to write herself in a few days about other matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for sending the papers. Does not appear from them that \"Mrs. Washington emancipated the dower negroes.\" Requests more information on that point.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSees that Miss Cunningham has published an abstract of title furnished her by the Clerk of Fairfax Court, so imagines she will not require further information. Will soon return the other papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Has forwarded to her a package of papers which he recovered, apparently detailing the kinds and locations of trees planted at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her his lack of response to her letter is due to being away most of the month and having visits from friends, possibly for the last time at Mount Vernon. Pointed out the lines of the old vistas marked by ancient trees. The insurance policies he had were on the house only, not the outbuildings. Recommends she make a new road. Also recommends repairing the wharf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends a newspaper copy of an advertisement she placed wishing to obtain a copy of the photograph taken the previous August at the tomb of Washington which included her daughter, now deceased. She would like to know if she could obtain a list of the attendees of that day so she might write and request this as it is the only photograph of her daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the Association still must raise $140,000 to support the Estate which will require extraordinary effort on the part of the Association. Asks her to address visitors at Mount Vernon on the imperative nature of this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to arrange a \"Grand Ceremonial in connection with the taking of the title\" in order to let people know fund raising is not complete after the purchase. Refers to political turmoil and the impending dissolution of the Union and all the difficulties this will cause. Plans to be at Mount Vernon for 10 days and wants to meet with him to finalize things.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is fine with executing a deed for the sale of Mount Vernon to the Association and feels there would be no difficulty in the event of his death. He worries about Virginia's seceding from the Union that she might object to selling part of her soil to a corporation composed \"in part of unfriendly foreigners.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham is gratified that he concurs in her proposition and feels her decease would be the most serious difficulty to be apprehended. Wants to meet him at Mount Vernon to place the deed in escrow. Does not feel the possibilities for Virginia he suggested would form a significant barrier.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses an order to Mr. Riggs for steamboat receipts through December 31st. Would be happy to meet her at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the order on Mr. Bryan for the steamboat receipts. Has been paying insurance which continues until June next and has deducted that from the receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges his letter but does not need receipts for premiums of insurance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Mr. Herbert only wants to clear the lot of land offered him. Also Mr. Norris has rented out his farm. Turner is not sure where he moved to in Kentucky. Discusses acquisition of material to make shirts for servants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Had not replied to his earlier letter due to excessive fatigue from her journey from Columbia. Hopes to use patriotic influence to get the \"Agent\" to remit or reduce his fee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of a minister who will be in Alexandria and is looking for a vacant church where he could officiate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFuneral was conducted at Waveland. There is a description of the body and the family. Invoked the Gospel. JAW began family prayers following the death of his wife. Description of his activities over the following days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks Mrs. Howard for a biographical sketch of her father (John Augustine Washington III) for the National Cyclopedia of American Biography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo leaflets advertising the writings of Dr. Lyon G. Tyler.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFull title \"A Confederate catechism: The war of 1861-1865.\" Third edition, November 21, 1929. Series of 20 questions and answers about the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know whether the Ladies will discuss the purchase of the pictures and maps he has been offering. He will offer them elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic print, cabinet card of a drawing of the east view of the Mansion by unknown artist. Reverse side of card reads \"D.H. Naramore, Photographer, No. 321 King Street, Alexandria, VA.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall engraving probably clipped from a publication. Unknown location or residence shown in image.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHair clippings in envelope with note \"Hair of the late Lawrence Washington - 1856 - Found among articles bequested to MVLA by Miss Cunningham. Miss Comegys, Regent (1923) directs Supt. to send this to the widow of Mr. Lawrence W.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall black and white photographic print showing the gravestone for Lt. Col. John Augustine Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographic print mounted on gray board. Shows Waveland residence with man, two women, and several children visible (unidentified).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston: Published by Charles Bowen. Front page signed \"Jane C. Washington, Mount Vernon, 1834.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiary inscribed \"Account of all my recpts. \u0026amp; expenditures beginning with Sept. 16th, 1841, that being the date at which I came to Mount Vernon to reside.\" There are intermittent entries through November 1859. This is not as full a diary but includes lists of food, clothing, and china, table, and cookware.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of undated manuscripts from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1834-1838 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1841-1845 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1846-1849 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1851-1853 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1854-1855 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1856-1857 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (1 of 2)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (2 of 2)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1859 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1860-1861 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes probably by a librarian or other Mount Vernon staff member including summaries of the letters within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and 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A large majority of the collection is correspondence to or from John Augustine Washington III with a significant portion relating to the purchase of the estate by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Three diaries kept by John Augustine are also included and contain important information about his slaves, agricultural practices, and finances. Other types of material in the collection include legal documents, receipts, photographs, and ephemera. Photocopies were made for most of the manuscripts and can be viewed as surrogates to the originals. ","Descendants of John Augustine Washington III maintained ownership of these records until 1990 when they were sold to Gary Hendershott, a manuscripts dealer from Little Rock, Arkansas. The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association purchased the collection in October 1990.","Lists signatures and states that all members of Congress would sign if requested.","States they are now the \"best of friends.\" She is angry at people who denigrate his motives. Wants to make known his true nature.","Mrs. Ritchie requests he arrive at the theatre a little after 12:00 so all guests may be seated prior to the rise of the curtain.","She had sent her present of flowers to Mrs. Madison, and they were \"greatfully\" received.","His mother wants help valuing her sheep. Describes one offer for Mount Vernon with great disdain. They want to have entertainments there. He has great respect for \"your manly pride.\"","Apologizes for having intruded too much on his privacy during a recent visit when Mrs. Ritchie and others of the ladies \"took forcible possession of me\" and requested cuttings of flowers. Hopes he will establish a Botanic Garden and suggests a location for a Mausoleum.","Describes her return from Mount Vernon in much rain. Discusses crops. Gives instructions for sending things to her. Asks report of conversation that was \"highly derogatory to me.\" Feels items should be sold to visitors so they will not pilfer mementos.","Urges sale of Mount Vernon to Virginia rather than to a private sale.","Resolution wants to change the site of the Military Asylum to Mount Vernon if a part of the estate can be purchased at a reasonable price.","Introduces some friends who wish to visit Mount Vernon.","Gives family news and an account of a visit by a gentleman who spent the night at Mount Vernon and gave $5 to West Ford. Discusses sale of a slave to his cousin. Has heard of a bill by the federal government to purchase Mount Vernon and wishes it would be accepted. Mentions prices and terms.","Is sending oats and other items to Mount Vernon. Urges him to pursue his studies. Wishes him to send some oysters and sugar.","Sends funds for completing the vault at Mount Vernon and authorizes him to take more money from his bank if necessary.","Thanks him for the many civilities experienced by them during their visit to Mount Vernon. Sends a piece of a branch of a fig tree cut from the birth spot of \"your immortal ancestor.\"","Is against his plans for Mount Vernon and opening it to \"every low idler.\" Discusses payments and what form they would take.","Brief note of regards, translated by J. Perkins.","Heard about people being charged to enter the garden. Wishes he would stop this.","Wants to know price and terms of sale of Mount Vernon. If not for sale, could it be leased. (Contains typed transcript.)","Was glad to hear that Mount Vernon was not for sale as it should remain in the hands of the Washington family. Wishes to \"establish a house of entertainment in the vicinity of Mount Vernon.\" Asks questions as to materials and location of such. (Contains typed transcript.)","Is in the market to purchase negroes as one of his men, Alfred, has run off. Wants to know whether she still wishes to dispose of her negroes and what her price would be. He could pay $500 cash and then pay off the principal in a year or two.","Lists names of executors and legatees and their shares and values.","Tells him of an upcoming visit to Washington and Mount Vernon by a \"highly respectable volunteer corps.\" They wish to arrive by boat and see the tomb of Washington. He understands permission to do so is necessary.","Is worried his health is suffering by his labors at Mount Vernon. Hopes he will accept any reasonable offer by the U.S. Government for it. Went into town to have magistrates witness her acknowledgment of the deed of release. Discusses a suit brought by Judge Douglass and the health of various family members.","Doubts whether an offer will be made by the U.S. Government. Hopes it would as she feels his health is suffering from attending to business at Mount Vernon. Recommends someone to help him acquire an overseer. Was paid money for him. Discusses the failing health of Dr. Alexander's mother and others.","Is horrified to learn of auction of Wood Lawn. Proposes to run a steamboat between Washington to Wood Lawn, Fort Washington, Mount Vernon, and the White House. Gives references. Pledges to bring members of Congress there and feels it would enhance the chances of the purchase of Mount Vernon by the government. Suggests it could be used as a summer home for the President. Discusses various items left by Washington and the soon to be completed Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio Canal. (contains typed transcript)","Tells him of a letter he received from an unknown man who wants to obtain a tree from Mount Vernon to transplant in France to shade the bench of Christopher Columbus which he possesses.","Recommends leaving it to Congress to propose a price for the purchase of Mount Vernon. She feels he wants too much for it, and that it really should not be sold. Gives family news. Gives advice on his search for an overseer.","First letter discusses the Supreme Court taking on the suit of Mr. Hammond against General Washington. Bassett says he discharged all debts owed by Captain Lewis. There is another copy of the names of executors and legatees and their shares and values. Discussions of various debts owed to different people.","Discusses various suits, mostly Hammonds, against the estate and their current status. Many people have died since 1827 when they were last listed. Will take a long time to find people.","Discussion of the Hammond suit and payments still owed to various creditors, to be paid by all the legatees of General Washington's estate. Most dollar figures are left blank to be filled in later. Prompt payment by all legatees is required.","Discusses his father's will and his lack of knowledge of the whereabouts of various other people mentioned in JAW's letter.","Answering his inquiries as to various relatives. Suggests he write to the clerk of Kanawha County for the information he requires. Suggests he contact Andrew Parks who probably has all the facts.","Discusses sale of swamp land. He paid the taxes on it for the Washington heirs. The land is not worth much since the timber had been taken from it by many people over the years. Would like to be reimbursed for the money he paid.","He wishes to meet with him in the middle of November, at which time they can conclude their business.","Discusses the bill in Congress to purchase Mount Vernon. Wants assets divided up between her children so all are taken care of. Tells of Charles' upcoming marriage before he leaves for California.","Discusses the codicil of his father's will. Mrs. Washington is not compelled to sell. Upon her death, the heirs may sell despite the codicil. Suggests Mrs. Washington partition the land before her death in order that JAW may do \"what you please with the land.\"","Invites him to the wedding of his oldest daughter the next week.","Has been in Charlestown attending services for the week. Is amazed at the prospect of $200,000 being paid for Mount Vernon by the government. Wants him to send fish and to pickle some \"Rock.\"","(Typed transcription included) George Page and a surveyor from Maryland wanted to survey land in the Potomac River adjacent to Mount Vernon with the object of bringing steamboats there. Was notified he would be charged with some offense by Maryland. Makes him aware that the compact between the states means they have no claim on him.","First letter – wants to know if Mount Vernon Estate will be sold. Second letter – understands the government might become the owner of the estate and wants to meet.","Wants him to petition the Court to finally settle the estate of General Washington.","First letter – wants to examine Mount Vernon with a view to the establishment of a military asylum for the relief of soldiers. Second letter – tells him the price for Mount Vernon is too high, and purchase of a location nearer Washington will be undertaken.","An account by a boat company of receipts over the past year.","Discusses the landing of boats at Mount Vernon without JAW's previous knowledge. Wants them to be allowed to dock if they pay the usual fare to him.","Acknowledges payment for the pianoforte. Wants four walking sticks cut from near General Washington's tomb to be sent to monks in Italy.","Agreement to sell 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000. Includes all buildings and the tomb, as well as furnishings currently there. Also will allow heirs to be buried there. He may not sell the estate without first offering it to the U.S. Government and the State of Virginia for no more than $350,000.","Has been unable to contact other parties to the contract. Hopes to be able to do so soon.","A committee of the House of Delegates has been appointed to consider the purchase of Mount Vernon. Wants to meet him in Alexandria to discuss this.","Encloses a newspaper clipping about the acquisition of Mount Vernon by the State of Virginia. Tells him the committee of five will look into the will of the people as to this acquisition.","Addressed only to \"Mrs. Washington.\" Unclear whether it is addressed to Mrs. Jane C.B. Washington or Mrs. Eleanor L.S. Washington. (Typed transcription included) Has heard that Mount Vernon is for sale, possibly to northern people. Feels the Ladies of the South might instead procure it and wants to know the price.","Does not wish to part with Mount Vernon but wishes to keep it from the changeable fortunes of a family and to ally it to the State. Would sell 200 acres with stipulations for $200,000. If the State wants to establish a model farm there, he would sell an additional 1,000 acres for $300,000. Invites them to visit.","Discusses his offer to sell Mount Vernon to the state. Says $200,000 is less than the property could sell for on the market. Talks about having a model farm as nothing meant more to Washington than farming. Would welcome them to visit. Reminds them that his terms cannot be materially modified.","(Typed transcription included) Says he is asking less money of the state than he had been offered by others. Tells them of his desire for a model farm as the pursuit of an improved system of agriculture was of great importance to General Washington. Would welcome a visit from them.","Wants to clear up suggestions that he is falsely referring to higher offers for Mount Vernon.","The Committee feels the price for Mount Vernon \"is enormous.\" Would prefer the money to be used for a rail road.","Draft in writing of John Augustine Washington III. Addressed to \"Miss Cunningham\" but could also be a response to Louisa Cunningham's letter instead of Ann Pamela Cunningham. Praises the women of the south for their affection for Washington. Does not wish to dispose of the property except to the government of the United States or Virginia and so declines the proposition from the \"Ladies of the South.\"","Draft thought to be in the writing of Jane C.B. Washington. Identical text to previous letter (draft in the hand of John Augustine Washington III).","Encloses a power of attorney and some other letters. Has agreed to reduction of $50,000 on 1000 acres. Will accept nothing less than $200,000 for the 200 acres. Agrees to pay him 5% of what he gets from either government agency, provided it occurs in the current session.","The state might be willing to pay $50,000 per year for four years for Mount Vernon but not the total of $200,000 at once. Wonders what is happening with the federal government. \"Things are coming to a head rapidly.\"","As long as negotiations with Virginia remain open, it would not be proper for him to entertain any proposals from other parties for the purchase of Mount Vernon. Might be interested in the future in making an offer.","Feels priority should be given to Congress to purchase Mount Vernon, and therefore Virginia is holding off on more committee meetings. Wants him to be there for future committee meetings.","Urges him to meet with Arthur Taylor as his representative in the proposed sale of Mount Vernon. Requests that he not send papers to Col. Bissell before meeting with him.","Has the papers from Mr. Washington and wants to meet with him to discuss the sale of Mount Vernon to the U.S. Government.","Assures him that he has not given the letters from him to Mr. Bissell and has requested Mr. Taylor to come see him.","Encloses the previous letter and hopes they will be able to meet soon. Feels it best to not commit to any course with the U.S. until a definite answer comes from the Virginia Legislature.","Invites him to come to his lodgings at any time at 9 a.m.","Is unable to return to his \"hospitable roof\" at this time. Values the time she was there and having been \"entrusted with the training of such bright intelligences.\"","Reports on his share of earnings from \"Washington's Writings.\" Many copies of the book were destroyed in a fire, but the stereotype and engraved plates were in a fire proof vault.","Feels it is very important for him to communicate with the federal government and is willing to help in any way.","Mr. Taylor shared his letter proposing to bring the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon again before Congress. His terms are already known to him – the same as those agreed to for the State of Virginia.","Wants to bring up the purchase of Mount Vernon in Congress but wants to know just what terms he agreed to with Virginia. Wants the Northern States to purchase it.","Gives terms of sale, including that family members still living may also be buried there. Additional property to total 1000 acres may be purchased for $300,000, for a model farm as suggested by Gen. Washington. Tells him the state of Virginia had proposed the sale for less than he wanted which he refused.","Encloses a copy of the bill reported to the House of Delegates Committee for the purchase of Mount Vernon. He told them it would not meet with JAW's approval. Urges him to move quickly on the Turnpike matter for this session.","Is very desirous of having the State of Virginia take possession of Mount Vernon and \"have the sole control and ownership forever.\" Wants to know what terms he proposes.","Gives him the terms of sale. The Washington family shall be permitted to be buried on the site, and no remains shall ever be disturbed. The price shall be $200,000, with an additional 800 acres available for $100,000 more","Will not accede to propositions of the steamboat company. Will be busy for a few weeks but wants to see a copy of the agreement currently in effect.","Tells him of Mrs. Mason presenting \"a remonstrance against your turnpike.\" Wants access to $250 at Farmers Bank in Alexandria.","Discusses payments based on sales of \"Washington's Writings.\" Tells percentages paid to various legatees.","Discusses quarrelling and squabbling among the ladies purchasing Mount Vernon. Is concerned about security around the remains of George Washington.","Wants him to send a letter to him so he may correct disparaging remarks made about his impending sale of Mount Vernon.","Is writing to her as requested by JAW. Describes a woman mourning her deceased eight-year-old son. Includes a poem about grief and moving on after death of a child.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Mr. Mason very much wants to meet him and getting a letter from JAW that would announce the news of their \"progress.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for the kindness of him and Mrs. Washington on her recent visit to Mount Vernon. Urges him to send a letter to be published about the sale of Mount Vernon before the news is released by someone else.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Assures her he does not care what others say about him and remains hopeful of selling Mount Vernon to the State of Virginia.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Explains the absence of Mr. Toombs when JAW came to see him. Tells him why she is now dealing with Mr. Toombs rather than Mr. Mason.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes to meet him in Washington City as she will be there for a few days during her travel south. Wants a thorough understanding of his wishes and intentions before meeting with the governor of Virginia.","Wants him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter in the National Intelligencer and put the estate under the care of the State of Virginia. (This is a copy of a letter written by Anna's husband.) Second letter, dated March 5, 1857 on same paper: Refers to letter copied out by her. Is certain a sufficient sum will have been raised by February 22 to enable Virginia to purchase Mount Vernon.","Urges him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter to the National Intelligencer and consent to place the estate once more at the disposal of Virginia which has an arrangement with the \"Ladies' Mount Vernon Association of the Union.\"","His musical association played a concert on behalf of the \"Ladies Mt. Vernon Association\" at which $100 was raised. The musical group would benefit greatly from receiving this money back if Mr. Washington has no plans to sell to the Ladies Association.","Would love to spend time at Mount Vernon, but his schedule will not allow at this time. His book will be published during the winter and spring, but he doesn't feel a visit would add anything.","He remains willing to place Mount Vernon in the hands of the State of Virginia, under his terms which the state has not seemed to want to meet. The proposal to have Mount Vernon by under the Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union is unacceptable to him. Doubts they could maintain the estate in perpetuity. It would then be taken over by the state.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Identical to previous letter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Responding to his letter to Mr. Ritchie. Urges him to put out that the Ladies are to raise $200,000 on behalf of the State of Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not wish to publish parts of letters. Feels \"nothing but silent contempt can put them at rest.\"","(W.L. Underwood – most likely Warner Lewis Underwood, Kentucky Senator) Tells JAW that if his current negotiations for Mount Vernon should fall through that his organization would be pleased to enter into further discussions.","Again says he wishes Mount Vernon to go to the State of Virginia, to be decided upon by the current session of the General Assembly.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to know who told her that he was \"willing… for a pecuniary consideration to break engagements and promises.\"","The Masonic Brotherhood is interested in purchasing Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the tour the previous day. Apologizes for the bad behavior of one member and hopes that will not prejudice him against the Fraternity.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She met with the governor who told her the \"Extra Session\" of the Legislature was for the \"presidential contest,\" so the Legislature will not be meeting again until the next winter. Realizes this delay is not pleasing to him.","Inquires whether any action has been taken by the Legislature or is likely to be.","Tells him no action has yet been taken by the Legislature but feels sure it will be taken up after the Christmas recess, after which the ladies will be enabled to purchase Mount Vernon and have its title transferred to Virginia.","Discusses various prices for Mount Vernon and quotes JAW as vehemently denying that he wanted the remains of General Washington moved. He wishes the estate to be the property of the United States and all the people.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him she has been very ill but is sure that the Legislature will act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Tells him Gov. Wise is \"inimical to our 'cause'\" which is the reason the Legislature has not taken up the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon.\" Talks of the financial crisis which is being felt by \"we victimized cotton planters.\" Tells him of the impending sale of copies of a portrait of Washington.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She writes of her illness and lack of strength. The Constitution of the Association was signed by the governor. Tells him various Masonic orders have decided to become allies of the Association. Hopes to have the contract signed between Virginia and him on the 22nd of February.","Invites recipient to the elevation of the Statue of Washington on February 22 in Richmond.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Is looking forward to the inauguration of the Washington statue. Wants him to vow that the Ladies of the Association are the \"very best friends you have in the world.\" Tells him that Gov. Wise is no friend to him or to her and this cause.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has a document that states Virginia will purchase Mount Vernon from him and encloses a copy of the bill. Is sure the governor will act strongly to defeat this. Wants him to attend the address by Mr. Everett a few days before the 22nd of February. Tells him how lucky he is to get $200,000 in \"these awful times.\"","Gives price of sale of $200,000 for 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate and pledges the MVLA to guarantee to not disturb any remains currently there and to allow descendants of JAW to also be interred there.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Praises him for agreeing that Mount Vernon is to be a public shrine and to limit interments there. Gen. Chapman included that in the third reading of the bill. Discusses the building of a new mausoleum for Washington which would not go against his will. Talks of her illness.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the disposition of family remains, as well as those of General Washington, are his biggest concerns in the sale.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes he is happy about the bill as read in the Legislature. Tells him it is she and not the Committee who wants to arrange for a magnificent mausoleum. Closes by saying she is too exhausted to \"even give a hint of the nature of woman's revenge should you not be in a state of delight over our bill!!!\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Remains adamant as to a future mausoleum as Washington stated where he wished his remains to be. Cannot travel to Richmond at present due to the illness of Mrs. Washington.","(Agreement ends with reference to the 10th of February) Deals with payment of $6,000 to heirs of W.F. Alexander and Anna Alexander as a share of Mount Vernon. Expressly says none of these heirs have any claim to the proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon, other than the $6,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that though Gov. Wise is no friend to the Mount Vernon cause, he did not intend to put his remarks under the head of Lunatic Asylum. It was a complete accident.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses another article by Mr. Pryor who is \"using his art to arouse the fear, \u0026 cupidity of the timid \u0026 narrow minded of this Legislature.\" Asks him about his previous offer from a company to purchase the estate, and that he wanted to wait for Congress to act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) States that his price for Mount Vernon has always been $200,000, since he gained control of it in 1849. Asks whether he ever made an offer for Mount Vernon for $100,000. If so, under whose authority was it made?","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to confirm with him that his offer to sell Mount Vernon as a site for the Military Asylum in 1851 was for $200,000 and not $100,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of a contract with a gentleman to sell him 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000 with the condition that the property should be offered to the U.S. and to Virginia. If neither purchased it, he should take the property. He then offered $50,000 to release him from that obligation, but JAW refused. Says he never has offered it for sale in public or private.","Says he was authorized by JAW to offer Mount Vernon for a Military Asylum for $100,000. Will search for papers to confirm this.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Advises that on March 25, 1851, he made an offer to sell about 150 acres of the Mount Vernon estate for $200,000 for an Army Asylum or some other government purpose.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Thanks him for sending a copy of the correspondence of Gen. Scott. Miss C. is intensely engaged in getting past Mr. Pryor's malicious misrepresentation of the Bill. If he can defeat us, he will.","Reiterates that Alexander and his heirs have no claim to any proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon beyond the agreed upon $6,000 and requests him to add a paragraph to that effect to the agreement they will both sign.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her in Richmond, despite his recent fall. Refers to the animosity of Mr. Pryor toward the bill. Wishes there could be an Extra Session for it to pass.","Again states his disagreement with Mr. McKenzie's assertion of his having offered $100,000 for Mount Vernon. No one else knew of such an offer. Gen. Scott agrees with JAW in his recollections. Tells her of a recent fall from a horse which will prevent his visit to Richmond on the 22nd.","Urges him and his family to attend the inauguration of the equestrian statue of Washington on the Capital Square in Richmond. Says he would be pleased to host them at their home near the city.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is uncertain whether he will be able to travel to Richmond and wants her to update him on matters related to the Bill as \"I have not in any manner approached\" any of his friends or acquaintances on the subject. It is important for her to convince members that the association only needs the name of the State which will not be called upon to pay any of the money for the purchase.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham begs him to attend Mr. Everett's oration and hopes to speak to him on the Square tomorrow.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Continues to be unwell. Introduces him to Mr. A.H.H. Dawson of Georgia, \"an eccentric genius.\" He is devoted to the purposes of the Association and has delivered an address about it in 30 towns in Georgia. Urges him to come to Richmond to meet with members of the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is sorry he was unable to call on her before leaving Richmond. Wants clarification about alterations Mr. Yancy thought necessary in the paper he left with her. He wants a decision by the Legislature, yes or no, soon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that the Legislature is \"in a row\" and will not pass any bills before an Extra Session. Wants him to bring a contract to her so they are prepared for any contingencies. Tells him of her illness of the lungs and her treatment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reiterates the importance of the sanctity of the family burying ground. Wants to have some alterations and additions of a substantial permanent character made to the present vault, with a durable enclosure around it. He is open to payment in stocks or cash for the estate. Says they should have an act of incorporation before signing a contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gen. Chapman was drawing up an act of incorporation before the bill comes up. He said Virginia must not hold the tomb; the Association must hold it. She remains very ill. \"yrs in much suffering\"","Is preparing a pamphlet to defend JAW against detractors and wants copies of correspondence he had with Gen. Scott and others about possible purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The bill in Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon, to be refunded by the MVLA, was defeated in the House of Delegates. In addition Congress cannot purchase land in a sovereign state without its consent. Tells him it should be the property of the Nation and should be sold to the MVLA. \"With grateful women pledged to guard the sacred ashes of Washington and to adorn his home for a national shrine.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Says it has become obvious that neither Virginia nor the U.S. wish to purchase Mount Vernon. Therefore \"the women of the land will probably be the safest as they will certainly be the purest guardians of a national shrine.\" He waits for her to make a proposal to him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham requests that he answer the letter she gave him relating to the purchase of Mount Vernon and to return it to her. She will give him a copy.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is returning her letter to him as it seemed to be improperly dated and lacked her signature. When she remedies those defects, he will send an answer.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to meet with him on Saturday morning in Alexandria to sign the contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is very unhappy about delays put forth by Messrs. Macfarland \u0026 Myers. They felt there had to be an acceptance of the contract by all or a majority of the Vice Regents before it could be signed. They can do this by telegraph, permitting Mrs. Ritchie to act for them.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to come without delay. It was thought things would be delayed as Mrs. Walton's husband had died, but now Mr. McFarland advised them to send for him at once. Miss Cunningham is not good and needs to bring matters to a close \"ere it be too late.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her that afternoon or evening as Dr. Beale \"considers it necessary to apply a severe blister without delay.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Upon reflection she feels the letter she sent him for publication is not to be published. She does not wish to \"make enemies even in a State which has given me so little cause to respect it.\" Mrs. Ritchie will work on a better worded one which she will send to him.","He deposited money to his credit for the contract and wants to know if this was correct. Tells him the pony he was inquiring about is not for sale. Also felt much concern about the accounts of the fisheries. Looks forward to a visit with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the plat of the 200 acres of land he agreed to sell to the MVLA. Wants him to sign it and return it.","(Typed transcription enclosed) About the plat, he is having the land resurveyed and \"have the necessary corners stones set.\" He will send it back with a signature after that. Also encloses her letter of March 12 and wants a copy of her letter as published with her signature.","Wants to know if George Thorburn may visit Mount Vernon in the 28th of May to inspect the grounds in regards to the improvements to be made. He is \"no doubt the first horticulturist in America\" and a plain, unpolished person. It would be good for JAW's surveyor to meet with Mr. Thorburn to go over the grounds.","He is \"exceedingly provoked\" at the newspaper coverage in connection with the sale of Mount Vernon. As a college friend he felt he had to contact an editor and correct the information. He hopes he did not make the situation worse.","Again requests he host the \"celebrated florist\" at Mount Vernon to look over the grounds before they come to Mount Vernon on the 29th for a few hours.","Agrees to have Mr. Thorburn come and meet with surveyors. Asks if Mr. Thorburn could be appointed the Agent of the Association in drawing up with the surveyors the lines of the 200 acres. He will \"grant any reasonable request of the Association.\" Hopes to see Mr. Ritchie and her while he yet resides at Mount Vernon.","The first attests to receipt of interest on the $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington. \tThe second is for $2,000 as part of the $6,000 owed.","Urges him to reduce the price of Mount Vernon to $150,000 so as to better fund all the expenses associated with its ownership by the MVLA. Tells him to buy land in \"some of the new states\" with that money.","Wants to know what stocks or bonds would be acceptable as part of the purchase price. Gives the current rate of Virginia stock.","Acknowledges his decline to the proposition.","Replying to a previous letter. Cannot answer the questions of Miss Lewis as he does not remember where Col. Fielding Lewis died. Her wishes are an illusion. Wonders if some land in Kentucky is what she is dreaming of. Hopes the Ladies will be able to preserve Mount Vernon after they complete the purchase.","As a new Mason, wants to know if he will amend the contract to state that the property will revert to the United States or the Masonic Fraternity in the event of a dissolution of the MVLA and not to the state of Virginia.","Writes to her cousin about an article in the paper that morning that was a \"vile abolition libel on you.\" Wants to assure her lady friends that it is untrue.","Is involved in illustrating an article about Mount Vernon as it is of interest to the American people. Wants to visit to sketch objects that have not been drawn. The MVLA is in favor of such an article to assist with their fund raising.","Is amazed at the scurrilous attacks made on him by Northern Papers which are calculated to embarrass the Mount Vernon Association.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for his letter about the calumnies in some Northern newspapers but has no desire to enter into a controversy with the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants him to tell her of his agreement with Mr. Crutchett of Mount Vernon Cane Factory who was given permission to come and cut trees on the estate. Asks what value he puts on the remainder of the estate contiguous to the 200 acres.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gives details of his contract with Mr. Crutchett which expired in February 1856. He was permitted to take more trees before January 1857. He has no right to \"come upon the property I have sold the Association to cut timber.\" Has not put a price on the remainder of Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for the hospitality given to him and his sister on their visit to Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham was happy to hear his account of the transactions with Mr. Crutchett. Wants him to come to Philadelphia to confer upon private matters of great importance to the Association and himself. She is equally interested in the final settlement of the boundary lines.","First letter (incomplete) congratulates him on the sale of Mount Vernon. Requests return of portrait of his mother. Second letter thanks him for agreeing to return the portrait. He and his family would very much like to visit Mount Vernon again before it becomes public.","Hopes he can come to Washington to meet with him. Wants Mr. Washington to stay with him to \"pay off the debt of visiting you at Mt. Vernon.\" Miss Cunningham is making arrangements to pay the first bond with interest in December.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Looks forward to making payment of the first installment. Mr. Riggs will pay sums of $5,000 as soon as it is raised. Hopes to be able to pay the remainder of 2d installment on 1st of January 1859. Begs him to keep these matters as a \"profound secret.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to make the first payment on December 14, the anniversary of Washington's death.","Tells him of payment to Burke \u0026 Herbert of $10,000 on that day.","Tells him the box containing the chairs has not yet arrived. He wants to be allowed to pay for the repairs necessary to the chairs. Invites him and his family to visit him in Richmond before they go farther away from it.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to make the first payment on the 1st, but this is a holiday. Urges him not to risk sending the plat executed by Washington himself but to have it be lithographed. Wants to clear up the boundaries. Tells him to keep the discussion of the sale of additional land private.","Wants to gather branches from the estate in order to make canes to sell to aid in the purchase of Mount Vernon.","Their project would require the consent of the Regent of the MVLA.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Confidential) Miss Cunningham is too ill to reply to his last letter. Lets him know his presence might be required on the 22nd but all arrangements must be kept private. The upcoming payment will be about $14,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to accept the money already paid to him (for the \"selling your relations bones.\") He already received more money than the estate was worth. Note on the letter states he ensured his control over the remains in \"such a way that they can never be sold by any one.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not want to go to Philadelphia unless it is absolutely necessary. He recently heard that Mrs. Esther M. Lewis (widow of Lorenzo Lewis) wants to present the harpsichord that was given to Nelly to the MVLA.","Thanks him for copy of the inscription on a bust. He realized he had not copied the pencil sketch of the Destruction of the Bastille. Would JAW please have a photograph of it sent to him for an upcoming book on the history of Mount Vernon. Will send a copy of the book to him in September when it is published.","Acknowledges receipt of $1,000 which completes the payment of $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington.","The Regent wants JAW to not allow any more sketches to be made of Mount Vernon or the grounds without her consent. Attached is a copy of an advertisement for sale of a portrait of Washington. The Mount Vernon Record gives an account of fund raising to date. Mr. Everett thanks Devereux for sending him a copy of the Farewell Address.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Requests her to send him definite instructions to enable him to prohibit people from making sketches of Mount Vernon.","Tells them he has written to the Regent requesting her instructions about the matter they raised with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent now feels that it would \"not be practicable for you to refuse privileges hitherto granted\" in the matter of sketches. There is also a newspaper clipping with letters from JAW and the Regent about the sale of Mount Vernon.","They wrote to him on the 14th as the Regent was prostrated. Requests any material he might have about the area in England where Washington's ancestor came from.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of terms under which they ran their steamboat to Mount Vernon. They paid him money with the understanding that he would make repairs to the wharf and footway, under the agreement, but he did not. He ordered his captain to have it done and will retain that money.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses a copy of the previous letter and asks him to advise her as to her response to Mr. Bryan.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham much enjoyed his previous letter and its humor. Hopes he will waive the requisition of 10 days notice before receiving payments. Can give him at least 30 days notice before requiring possession, and hopefully 60 days. She has \"been very much of an invalid for many weeks.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come to Philadelphia around the 10th or 12th so they may consult in regard to the future. They can have the boundary line settled and put many business affairs in order. Miss Cunningham intends to make a payment on the last installment as soon \"as you will receive it.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) He will travel to Philadelphia and meet with her on Wednesday. Will give directions to Messrs. Burke \u0026 Herbert for the last installment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham wants him to arrive on Thursday and then accompany her to hear Mr. Everett in the evening. She and Mr. Everett would then meet with him on Friday.","(Typed transcription enclosed) He agrees to come to Philadelphia on Thursday and meet as she suggests.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent wants him to \"have the kindness not to speak of the particulars of your interview with her.\" She also requests him to confer with Mr. Herbert, after which Mr. Herbert should meet with Mr. Riggs and let her know the arrangements he would be willing to make. \"This matter she particularly desires should be confidential.\"","Wants him to send him the photographs of the Picture of the Bastille and let him know what he owes for this service. Thanks him for his kindness in all this matter.","Again asks for the photograph of the Bastille picture as his book is finished, and he is only waiting for that.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham regrets that he and Mr. Riggs were unable to meet at Mount Vernon to discuss all it is possible to do without annoyance to the family. Would like to commence work on the outbuildings near the garden and to rebuild the roof and pillars of the piazza. Also wants to do work around the Tomb.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Apologizes for delay in responding to his recent letter, but the news of Captain Cunningham's decease has made it impossible for Miss Cunningham to \"think of even the most pressing business.\"","Thanks him for sending the photograph and encloses $5. Apologizes for keeping three documents for so long. Wants to return the documents and send him a copy of the book in September. Asks whether he may keep the Pohick elevation as it is in Washington's hand.","Details work done on various dresses.","Is sorry to hear that JAW will be leaving Mount Vernon before Hubard can get there to visit. Wants to know whether Mr. Mills does possess the moulds made by Houdon. Wants to see a cast made from the mould as he is convinced it is a fraud.","Cannot say whether the Richmond statue is accurate but to him the head looks identical to the Mount Vernon bust. Has never heard of the moulds being left at Mount Vernon and does not believe Mr. Mills would have removed anything without his permission.","Wants to clarify his original assertion that he feels Houdon did not use the moulds made from Washington's face as he asserts they are very different from the head of Houdon. Also wants to know whether the table on which Washington lay when the moulds were made is still at Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for sending money from the steamboat company for the MVLA.","Will be writing an article for Encyclopedia Britannica and is \"desirous of stating the facts relative to the emancipation of the Genl's slaves.\" Also wants to know whether Mrs. Washington left a will and whether she freed her slaves in it.","Wishes to obtain a copy of the inventory of General Washington's estate.","Makes assertion that General Washington was sued and judgment rendered against him. Also some northern papers are speculating that he lost his money and had mortgaged the Mount Vernon estate for $400,000. Encloses a copy of the certificate of the appraiser as entered in 1810.","Is returning the papers lent to him and sending a copy of his book on Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the use of the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reminds her that his request for her lawyer to sift through an abstract of his title to Mount Vernon has not been complied with. This would answer questions raised by anonymous persons which have \"caused you some uneasiness.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to conclusively prove the falsehood of assertions of the invalidity of his title to the estate. The Clerk of Fairfax County will attest to the truth but wants to see his father's will and evidence of the payment of $6,000 charged to the estate. Looks forward to putting to rest this falsehood.","Is still waiting for the certificate from the Clerk of Fairfax County. That will give the \"lie to any slander of title.\" Is unable to visit due to his duties in the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham thanks him for sending the package of papers and hopes to be able to write herself in a few days about other matters.","Thanks him for sending the papers. Does not appear from them that \"Mrs. Washington emancipated the dower negroes.\" Requests more information on that point.","Sees that Miss Cunningham has published an abstract of title furnished her by the Clerk of Fairfax Court, so imagines she will not require further information. Will soon return the other papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has forwarded to her a package of papers which he recovered, apparently detailing the kinds and locations of trees planted at Mount Vernon.","Tells her his lack of response to her letter is due to being away most of the month and having visits from friends, possibly for the last time at Mount Vernon. Pointed out the lines of the old vistas marked by ancient trees. The insurance policies he had were on the house only, not the outbuildings. Recommends she make a new road. Also recommends repairing the wharf.","Sends a newspaper copy of an advertisement she placed wishing to obtain a copy of the photograph taken the previous August at the tomb of Washington which included her daughter, now deceased. She would like to know if she could obtain a list of the attendees of that day so she might write and request this as it is the only photograph of her daughter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the Association still must raise $140,000 to support the Estate which will require extraordinary effort on the part of the Association. Asks her to address visitors at Mount Vernon on the imperative nature of this.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to arrange a \"Grand Ceremonial in connection with the taking of the title\" in order to let people know fund raising is not complete after the purchase. Refers to political turmoil and the impending dissolution of the Union and all the difficulties this will cause. Plans to be at Mount Vernon for 10 days and wants to meet with him to finalize things.","He is fine with executing a deed for the sale of Mount Vernon to the Association and feels there would be no difficulty in the event of his death. He worries about Virginia's seceding from the Union that she might object to selling part of her soil to a corporation composed \"in part of unfriendly foreigners.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham is gratified that he concurs in her proposition and feels her decease would be the most serious difficulty to be apprehended. Wants to meet him at Mount Vernon to place the deed in escrow. Does not feel the possibilities for Virginia he suggested would form a significant barrier.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses an order to Mr. Riggs for steamboat receipts through December 31st. Would be happy to meet her at Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the order on Mr. Bryan for the steamboat receipts. Has been paying insurance which continues until June next and has deducted that from the receipts.","Acknowledges his letter but does not need receipts for premiums of insurance.","Reports that Mr. Herbert only wants to clear the lot of land offered him. Also Mr. Norris has rented out his farm. Turner is not sure where he moved to in Kentucky. Discusses acquisition of material to make shirts for servants.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Had not replied to his earlier letter due to excessive fatigue from her journey from Columbia. Hopes to use patriotic influence to get the \"Agent\" to remit or reduce his fee.","Tells him of a minister who will be in Alexandria and is looking for a vacant church where he could officiate.","Funeral was conducted at Waveland. There is a description of the body and the family. Invoked the Gospel. JAW began family prayers following the death of his wife. Description of his activities over the following days.","Asks Mrs. Howard for a biographical sketch of her father (John Augustine Washington III) for the National Cyclopedia of American Biography.","Two leaflets advertising the writings of Dr. Lyon G. Tyler.","Full title \"A Confederate catechism: The war of 1861-1865.\" Third edition, November 21, 1929. Series of 20 questions and answers about the war.","Wants to know whether the Ladies will discuss the purchase of the pictures and maps he has been offering. He will offer them elsewhere.","Photographic print, cabinet card of a drawing of the east view of the Mansion by unknown artist. Reverse side of card reads \"D.H. Naramore, Photographer, No. 321 King Street, Alexandria, VA.\"","Small engraving probably clipped from a publication. Unknown location or residence shown in image.","Hair clippings in envelope with note \"Hair of the late Lawrence Washington - 1856 - Found among articles bequested to MVLA by Miss Cunningham. Miss Comegys, Regent (1923) directs Supt. to send this to the widow of Mr. Lawrence W.\"","Small black and white photographic print showing the gravestone for Lt. Col. John Augustine Washington.","Black and white photographic print mounted on gray board. Shows Waveland residence with man, two women, and several children visible (unidentified).","Boston: Published by Charles Bowen. Front page signed \"Jane C. Washington, Mount Vernon, 1834.\"","Diary inscribed \"Account of all my recpts. \u0026 expenditures beginning with Sept. 16th, 1841, that being the date at which I came to Mount Vernon to reside.\" There are intermittent entries through November 1859. This is not as full a diary but includes lists of food, clothing, and china, table, and cookware.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details.","Photocopies of undated manuscripts from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1834-1838 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1841-1845 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1846-1849 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1851-1853 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1854-1855 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1856-1857 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (1 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (2 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1859 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1860-1861 from the collection.","Handwritten notes probably by a librarian or other Mount Vernon staff member including summaries of the letters within the collection."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Davis, Henry Winter, 1817-1865","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","McKenzie, Lewis, 1810-1895","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Taylor, John L. (John Lampkin), 1805-1870","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Tyler, Nathaniel, 1828-1917"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Davis, Henry Winter, 1817-1865","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","McKenzie, Lewis, 1810-1895","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Taylor, John L. (John Lampkin), 1805-1870","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Tyler, Nathaniel, 1828-1917"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":251,"online_item_count_is":12,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-21T05:55:09.076Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_65","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_65.xml","title_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"title_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1834-1957"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1834-1957"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.848","/repositories/3/resources/65"],"text":["RM.848","/repositories/3/resources/65","John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is arranged chronologically with undated material listed at the beginning in alphabetical order by folder title. Addenda, photocopies, and bound volumes are described at the end of the collection.","(Taken from the Digital Encyclopedia entry by Matthew Costello, George Washington's Mount Vernon website)","John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. The fourth of five children, he was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. John Augustine spent his young childhood at his parents' Blakeley plantation near present day Charles Town, West Virginia, but after the deaths of Bushrod Washington and his wife Julia in 1829, the Mount Vernon estate became the possession of Bushrod's nephew, John Augustine Washington II. As the son of a wealthy Virginia planter, John Augustine enjoyed a comfortable lifestyle at Mount Vernon, developing interests in politics, hunting, and agriculture. After John Augustine Washington II passed away in June 1832, the estate was left to his widow Jane Charlotte, who vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability without involving her children's inheritances. While John Augustine Washington III preferred his more aristocratic pastimes, Jane insisted that he attend college after his father's death. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, returning to Mount Vernon in September 1841 with a proposition to manage the estate for his mother. She agreed, loaning him twenty-two slaves and contracting his employment for five hundred dollars per year for seven years.","As the oldest living male heir, John Augustine Washington III positioned himself to take possession of Mount Vernon from his mother. While she did not pass away until 1855, she gave John Augustine the proverbial keys to the kingdom, granting him full autonomy to run the plantation as he saw fit. However, John Augustine quickly realized that the deteriorating Mount Vernon estate was a far cry from the profitable plantation that his great-great uncle George Washington once presided over. His primary means of income came from wheat and potato production, woodcutting, selling slaves and outsourcing slave labor, collecting land rents, and his herring operation on the Potomac River. However, soil degradation, poor harvests, temperamental weather, and the devastation of crops by insects and pests limited his agricultural returns. While he managed to slow Mount Vernon's financial decline, these endeavors were not enough to stop the downward spiral. In addition to facing these hardships, John Augustine also experienced constant interruptions by sightseers, many of whom wanted the meet the living descendent of General George Washington, see the Mansion, and ask questions about Washington's life. ","These visitors were considered a nuisance to John Augustine's family, and their presence slowed plantation work for slaves, overseers, and hired farm laborers. Initially John Augustine followed the precedential policies of his mother, father, and uncle Bushrod, publishing trespassing notices around the property, requesting letters of introduction to enter the Mansion, and denying the landing of steamboats on the Potomac River. But with his lands yielding such little profit, John Augustine decided to embrace this historical tourism, implementing business strategies to extract money from the thousands of visitors who journeyed to the home of George Washington. In order to bring more people to the estate, he entered into a contract with the proprietors of the Thomas Collyer to permit their steamboat to dock directly at Mount Vernon. He also promoted and invested in the construction of the Alexandria, Mount Vernon, and Accotink Turnpike Road, which was designed to make travel easier to Mount Vernon over land. As more visitors descended upon the grounds, he instructed slaves and laborers to sell bouquets of flowers, fruit, milk, and hand-carved canes to tourists. Beyond the property boundaries, he went into business with James Crutchett, who purchased timber from the estate and manufactured wooden Washington trinkets near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad depot in the nation's capital. While John Augustine Washington capitalized on the American fascination with George Washington, these sales were not substantial enough to convince him to retain Mount Vernon. He attempted to sell the property to both the federal government and the state of Virginia, but both bodies were deeply mired in sectional and political partisanship. Convinced that neither would meet his terms, he agreed to sell 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate, which included the Mansion, outlying buildings, and the family tomb to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) in 1858 for $200,000. ","John Augustine and his family vacated Mount Vernon for their new home Waveland plantation in February 1860. About a year later the state of Virginia called for a convention to debate the issue of secession, and in April 1861, Virginia delegates responded to the firing on Fort Sumter by voting in favor of leaving the Union. John Augustine joined the Confederate Army as a lieutenant colonel, and he served as aide-de-camp to his relative by marriage, General Robert E. Lee. In September 1861, John Augustine was killed during a reconnaissance mission at the Battle of Cheat Mountain by a Union bushwhacker. In a letter to John's teenage daughter Louisa, Lee painfully informed her that her father \"fell in the cause to which he had devoted all his energies, and which his noble heart was earnestly enlisted.\" The two men had shared many conversations and moments together as tent mates, and Lee admired his unflinching \"devotion to Almighty God,\" assuring Louisa that \"He is now safely in Heaven.\" John Augustine was buried in the Zion Episcopal Churchyard in Charles Town, West Virginia, one of several Washington family members who fought and died for Southern independence. ","This diary may not actually be part of accession RM-848 as it is not mentioned in the initial inventory/correspondence. However, it was in the same box as the other diaries and the almanac when found on the shelf, therefore it was described with the collection.","Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection","This collection concerns the inheritance, maintenance, and sale of the Mount Vernon estate by its last private owner, John Augustine Washington III. A large majority of the collection is correspondence to or from John Augustine Washington III with a significant portion relating to the purchase of the estate by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Three diaries kept by John Augustine are also included and contain important information about his slaves, agricultural practices, and finances. Other types of material in the collection include legal documents, receipts, photographs, and ephemera. Photocopies were made for most of the manuscripts and can be viewed as surrogates to the originals. ","Descendants of John Augustine Washington III maintained ownership of these records until 1990 when they were sold to Gary Hendershott, a manuscripts dealer from Little Rock, Arkansas. The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association purchased the collection in October 1990.","Lists signatures and states that all members of Congress would sign if requested.","States they are now the \"best of friends.\" She is angry at people who denigrate his motives. Wants to make known his true nature.","Mrs. Ritchie requests he arrive at the theatre a little after 12:00 so all guests may be seated prior to the rise of the curtain.","She had sent her present of flowers to Mrs. Madison, and they were \"greatfully\" received.","His mother wants help valuing her sheep. Describes one offer for Mount Vernon with great disdain. They want to have entertainments there. He has great respect for \"your manly pride.\"","Apologizes for having intruded too much on his privacy during a recent visit when Mrs. Ritchie and others of the ladies \"took forcible possession of me\" and requested cuttings of flowers. Hopes he will establish a Botanic Garden and suggests a location for a Mausoleum.","Describes her return from Mount Vernon in much rain. Discusses crops. Gives instructions for sending things to her. Asks report of conversation that was \"highly derogatory to me.\" Feels items should be sold to visitors so they will not pilfer mementos.","Urges sale of Mount Vernon to Virginia rather than to a private sale.","Resolution wants to change the site of the Military Asylum to Mount Vernon if a part of the estate can be purchased at a reasonable price.","Introduces some friends who wish to visit Mount Vernon.","Gives family news and an account of a visit by a gentleman who spent the night at Mount Vernon and gave $5 to West Ford. Discusses sale of a slave to his cousin. Has heard of a bill by the federal government to purchase Mount Vernon and wishes it would be accepted. Mentions prices and terms.","Is sending oats and other items to Mount Vernon. Urges him to pursue his studies. Wishes him to send some oysters and sugar.","Sends funds for completing the vault at Mount Vernon and authorizes him to take more money from his bank if necessary.","Thanks him for the many civilities experienced by them during their visit to Mount Vernon. Sends a piece of a branch of a fig tree cut from the birth spot of \"your immortal ancestor.\"","Is against his plans for Mount Vernon and opening it to \"every low idler.\" Discusses payments and what form they would take.","Brief note of regards, translated by J. Perkins.","Heard about people being charged to enter the garden. Wishes he would stop this.","Wants to know price and terms of sale of Mount Vernon. If not for sale, could it be leased. (Contains typed transcript.)","Was glad to hear that Mount Vernon was not for sale as it should remain in the hands of the Washington family. Wishes to \"establish a house of entertainment in the vicinity of Mount Vernon.\" Asks questions as to materials and location of such. (Contains typed transcript.)","Is in the market to purchase negroes as one of his men, Alfred, has run off. Wants to know whether she still wishes to dispose of her negroes and what her price would be. He could pay $500 cash and then pay off the principal in a year or two.","Lists names of executors and legatees and their shares and values.","Tells him of an upcoming visit to Washington and Mount Vernon by a \"highly respectable volunteer corps.\" They wish to arrive by boat and see the tomb of Washington. He understands permission to do so is necessary.","Is worried his health is suffering by his labors at Mount Vernon. Hopes he will accept any reasonable offer by the U.S. Government for it. Went into town to have magistrates witness her acknowledgment of the deed of release. Discusses a suit brought by Judge Douglass and the health of various family members.","Doubts whether an offer will be made by the U.S. Government. Hopes it would as she feels his health is suffering from attending to business at Mount Vernon. Recommends someone to help him acquire an overseer. Was paid money for him. Discusses the failing health of Dr. Alexander's mother and others.","Is horrified to learn of auction of Wood Lawn. Proposes to run a steamboat between Washington to Wood Lawn, Fort Washington, Mount Vernon, and the White House. Gives references. Pledges to bring members of Congress there and feels it would enhance the chances of the purchase of Mount Vernon by the government. Suggests it could be used as a summer home for the President. Discusses various items left by Washington and the soon to be completed Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio Canal. (contains typed transcript)","Tells him of a letter he received from an unknown man who wants to obtain a tree from Mount Vernon to transplant in France to shade the bench of Christopher Columbus which he possesses.","Recommends leaving it to Congress to propose a price for the purchase of Mount Vernon. She feels he wants too much for it, and that it really should not be sold. Gives family news. Gives advice on his search for an overseer.","First letter discusses the Supreme Court taking on the suit of Mr. Hammond against General Washington. Bassett says he discharged all debts owed by Captain Lewis. There is another copy of the names of executors and legatees and their shares and values. Discussions of various debts owed to different people.","Discusses various suits, mostly Hammonds, against the estate and their current status. Many people have died since 1827 when they were last listed. Will take a long time to find people.","Discussion of the Hammond suit and payments still owed to various creditors, to be paid by all the legatees of General Washington's estate. Most dollar figures are left blank to be filled in later. Prompt payment by all legatees is required.","Discusses his father's will and his lack of knowledge of the whereabouts of various other people mentioned in JAW's letter.","Answering his inquiries as to various relatives. Suggests he write to the clerk of Kanawha County for the information he requires. Suggests he contact Andrew Parks who probably has all the facts.","Discusses sale of swamp land. He paid the taxes on it for the Washington heirs. The land is not worth much since the timber had been taken from it by many people over the years. Would like to be reimbursed for the money he paid.","He wishes to meet with him in the middle of November, at which time they can conclude their business.","Discusses the bill in Congress to purchase Mount Vernon. Wants assets divided up between her children so all are taken care of. Tells of Charles' upcoming marriage before he leaves for California.","Discusses the codicil of his father's will. Mrs. Washington is not compelled to sell. Upon her death, the heirs may sell despite the codicil. Suggests Mrs. Washington partition the land before her death in order that JAW may do \"what you please with the land.\"","Invites him to the wedding of his oldest daughter the next week.","Has been in Charlestown attending services for the week. Is amazed at the prospect of $200,000 being paid for Mount Vernon by the government. Wants him to send fish and to pickle some \"Rock.\"","(Typed transcription included) George Page and a surveyor from Maryland wanted to survey land in the Potomac River adjacent to Mount Vernon with the object of bringing steamboats there. Was notified he would be charged with some offense by Maryland. Makes him aware that the compact between the states means they have no claim on him.","First letter – wants to know if Mount Vernon Estate will be sold. Second letter – understands the government might become the owner of the estate and wants to meet.","Wants him to petition the Court to finally settle the estate of General Washington.","First letter – wants to examine Mount Vernon with a view to the establishment of a military asylum for the relief of soldiers. Second letter – tells him the price for Mount Vernon is too high, and purchase of a location nearer Washington will be undertaken.","An account by a boat company of receipts over the past year.","Discusses the landing of boats at Mount Vernon without JAW's previous knowledge. Wants them to be allowed to dock if they pay the usual fare to him.","Acknowledges payment for the pianoforte. Wants four walking sticks cut from near General Washington's tomb to be sent to monks in Italy.","Agreement to sell 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000. Includes all buildings and the tomb, as well as furnishings currently there. Also will allow heirs to be buried there. He may not sell the estate without first offering it to the U.S. Government and the State of Virginia for no more than $350,000.","Has been unable to contact other parties to the contract. Hopes to be able to do so soon.","A committee of the House of Delegates has been appointed to consider the purchase of Mount Vernon. Wants to meet him in Alexandria to discuss this.","Encloses a newspaper clipping about the acquisition of Mount Vernon by the State of Virginia. Tells him the committee of five will look into the will of the people as to this acquisition.","Addressed only to \"Mrs. Washington.\" Unclear whether it is addressed to Mrs. Jane C.B. Washington or Mrs. Eleanor L.S. Washington. (Typed transcription included) Has heard that Mount Vernon is for sale, possibly to northern people. Feels the Ladies of the South might instead procure it and wants to know the price.","Does not wish to part with Mount Vernon but wishes to keep it from the changeable fortunes of a family and to ally it to the State. Would sell 200 acres with stipulations for $200,000. If the State wants to establish a model farm there, he would sell an additional 1,000 acres for $300,000. Invites them to visit.","Discusses his offer to sell Mount Vernon to the state. Says $200,000 is less than the property could sell for on the market. Talks about having a model farm as nothing meant more to Washington than farming. Would welcome them to visit. Reminds them that his terms cannot be materially modified.","(Typed transcription included) Says he is asking less money of the state than he had been offered by others. Tells them of his desire for a model farm as the pursuit of an improved system of agriculture was of great importance to General Washington. Would welcome a visit from them.","Wants to clear up suggestions that he is falsely referring to higher offers for Mount Vernon.","The Committee feels the price for Mount Vernon \"is enormous.\" Would prefer the money to be used for a rail road.","Draft in writing of John Augustine Washington III. Addressed to \"Miss Cunningham\" but could also be a response to Louisa Cunningham's letter instead of Ann Pamela Cunningham. Praises the women of the south for their affection for Washington. Does not wish to dispose of the property except to the government of the United States or Virginia and so declines the proposition from the \"Ladies of the South.\"","Draft thought to be in the writing of Jane C.B. Washington. Identical text to previous letter (draft in the hand of John Augustine Washington III).","Encloses a power of attorney and some other letters. Has agreed to reduction of $50,000 on 1000 acres. Will accept nothing less than $200,000 for the 200 acres. Agrees to pay him 5% of what he gets from either government agency, provided it occurs in the current session.","The state might be willing to pay $50,000 per year for four years for Mount Vernon but not the total of $200,000 at once. Wonders what is happening with the federal government. \"Things are coming to a head rapidly.\"","As long as negotiations with Virginia remain open, it would not be proper for him to entertain any proposals from other parties for the purchase of Mount Vernon. Might be interested in the future in making an offer.","Feels priority should be given to Congress to purchase Mount Vernon, and therefore Virginia is holding off on more committee meetings. Wants him to be there for future committee meetings.","Urges him to meet with Arthur Taylor as his representative in the proposed sale of Mount Vernon. Requests that he not send papers to Col. Bissell before meeting with him.","Has the papers from Mr. Washington and wants to meet with him to discuss the sale of Mount Vernon to the U.S. Government.","Assures him that he has not given the letters from him to Mr. Bissell and has requested Mr. Taylor to come see him.","Encloses the previous letter and hopes they will be able to meet soon. Feels it best to not commit to any course with the U.S. until a definite answer comes from the Virginia Legislature.","Invites him to come to his lodgings at any time at 9 a.m.","Is unable to return to his \"hospitable roof\" at this time. Values the time she was there and having been \"entrusted with the training of such bright intelligences.\"","Reports on his share of earnings from \"Washington's Writings.\" Many copies of the book were destroyed in a fire, but the stereotype and engraved plates were in a fire proof vault.","Feels it is very important for him to communicate with the federal government and is willing to help in any way.","Mr. Taylor shared his letter proposing to bring the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon again before Congress. His terms are already known to him – the same as those agreed to for the State of Virginia.","Wants to bring up the purchase of Mount Vernon in Congress but wants to know just what terms he agreed to with Virginia. Wants the Northern States to purchase it.","Gives terms of sale, including that family members still living may also be buried there. Additional property to total 1000 acres may be purchased for $300,000, for a model farm as suggested by Gen. Washington. Tells him the state of Virginia had proposed the sale for less than he wanted which he refused.","Encloses a copy of the bill reported to the House of Delegates Committee for the purchase of Mount Vernon. He told them it would not meet with JAW's approval. Urges him to move quickly on the Turnpike matter for this session.","Is very desirous of having the State of Virginia take possession of Mount Vernon and \"have the sole control and ownership forever.\" Wants to know what terms he proposes.","Gives him the terms of sale. The Washington family shall be permitted to be buried on the site, and no remains shall ever be disturbed. The price shall be $200,000, with an additional 800 acres available for $100,000 more","Will not accede to propositions of the steamboat company. Will be busy for a few weeks but wants to see a copy of the agreement currently in effect.","Tells him of Mrs. Mason presenting \"a remonstrance against your turnpike.\" Wants access to $250 at Farmers Bank in Alexandria.","Discusses payments based on sales of \"Washington's Writings.\" Tells percentages paid to various legatees.","Discusses quarrelling and squabbling among the ladies purchasing Mount Vernon. Is concerned about security around the remains of George Washington.","Wants him to send a letter to him so he may correct disparaging remarks made about his impending sale of Mount Vernon.","Is writing to her as requested by JAW. Describes a woman mourning her deceased eight-year-old son. Includes a poem about grief and moving on after death of a child.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Mr. Mason very much wants to meet him and getting a letter from JAW that would announce the news of their \"progress.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for the kindness of him and Mrs. Washington on her recent visit to Mount Vernon. Urges him to send a letter to be published about the sale of Mount Vernon before the news is released by someone else.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Assures her he does not care what others say about him and remains hopeful of selling Mount Vernon to the State of Virginia.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Explains the absence of Mr. Toombs when JAW came to see him. Tells him why she is now dealing with Mr. Toombs rather than Mr. Mason.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes to meet him in Washington City as she will be there for a few days during her travel south. Wants a thorough understanding of his wishes and intentions before meeting with the governor of Virginia.","Wants him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter in the National Intelligencer and put the estate under the care of the State of Virginia. (This is a copy of a letter written by Anna's husband.) Second letter, dated March 5, 1857 on same paper: Refers to letter copied out by her. Is certain a sufficient sum will have been raised by February 22 to enable Virginia to purchase Mount Vernon.","Urges him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter to the National Intelligencer and consent to place the estate once more at the disposal of Virginia which has an arrangement with the \"Ladies' Mount Vernon Association of the Union.\"","His musical association played a concert on behalf of the \"Ladies Mt. Vernon Association\" at which $100 was raised. The musical group would benefit greatly from receiving this money back if Mr. Washington has no plans to sell to the Ladies Association.","Would love to spend time at Mount Vernon, but his schedule will not allow at this time. His book will be published during the winter and spring, but he doesn't feel a visit would add anything.","He remains willing to place Mount Vernon in the hands of the State of Virginia, under his terms which the state has not seemed to want to meet. The proposal to have Mount Vernon by under the Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union is unacceptable to him. Doubts they could maintain the estate in perpetuity. It would then be taken over by the state.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Identical to previous letter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Responding to his letter to Mr. Ritchie. Urges him to put out that the Ladies are to raise $200,000 on behalf of the State of Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not wish to publish parts of letters. Feels \"nothing but silent contempt can put them at rest.\"","(W.L. Underwood – most likely Warner Lewis Underwood, Kentucky Senator) Tells JAW that if his current negotiations for Mount Vernon should fall through that his organization would be pleased to enter into further discussions.","Again says he wishes Mount Vernon to go to the State of Virginia, to be decided upon by the current session of the General Assembly.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to know who told her that he was \"willing… for a pecuniary consideration to break engagements and promises.\"","The Masonic Brotherhood is interested in purchasing Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the tour the previous day. Apologizes for the bad behavior of one member and hopes that will not prejudice him against the Fraternity.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She met with the governor who told her the \"Extra Session\" of the Legislature was for the \"presidential contest,\" so the Legislature will not be meeting again until the next winter. Realizes this delay is not pleasing to him.","Inquires whether any action has been taken by the Legislature or is likely to be.","Tells him no action has yet been taken by the Legislature but feels sure it will be taken up after the Christmas recess, after which the ladies will be enabled to purchase Mount Vernon and have its title transferred to Virginia.","Discusses various prices for Mount Vernon and quotes JAW as vehemently denying that he wanted the remains of General Washington moved. He wishes the estate to be the property of the United States and all the people.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him she has been very ill but is sure that the Legislature will act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Tells him Gov. Wise is \"inimical to our 'cause'\" which is the reason the Legislature has not taken up the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon.\" Talks of the financial crisis which is being felt by \"we victimized cotton planters.\" Tells him of the impending sale of copies of a portrait of Washington.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She writes of her illness and lack of strength. The Constitution of the Association was signed by the governor. Tells him various Masonic orders have decided to become allies of the Association. Hopes to have the contract signed between Virginia and him on the 22nd of February.","Invites recipient to the elevation of the Statue of Washington on February 22 in Richmond.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Is looking forward to the inauguration of the Washington statue. Wants him to vow that the Ladies of the Association are the \"very best friends you have in the world.\" Tells him that Gov. Wise is no friend to him or to her and this cause.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has a document that states Virginia will purchase Mount Vernon from him and encloses a copy of the bill. Is sure the governor will act strongly to defeat this. Wants him to attend the address by Mr. Everett a few days before the 22nd of February. Tells him how lucky he is to get $200,000 in \"these awful times.\"","Gives price of sale of $200,000 for 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate and pledges the MVLA to guarantee to not disturb any remains currently there and to allow descendants of JAW to also be interred there.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Praises him for agreeing that Mount Vernon is to be a public shrine and to limit interments there. Gen. Chapman included that in the third reading of the bill. Discusses the building of a new mausoleum for Washington which would not go against his will. Talks of her illness.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the disposition of family remains, as well as those of General Washington, are his biggest concerns in the sale.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes he is happy about the bill as read in the Legislature. Tells him it is she and not the Committee who wants to arrange for a magnificent mausoleum. Closes by saying she is too exhausted to \"even give a hint of the nature of woman's revenge should you not be in a state of delight over our bill!!!\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Remains adamant as to a future mausoleum as Washington stated where he wished his remains to be. Cannot travel to Richmond at present due to the illness of Mrs. Washington.","(Agreement ends with reference to the 10th of February) Deals with payment of $6,000 to heirs of W.F. Alexander and Anna Alexander as a share of Mount Vernon. Expressly says none of these heirs have any claim to the proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon, other than the $6,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that though Gov. Wise is no friend to the Mount Vernon cause, he did not intend to put his remarks under the head of Lunatic Asylum. It was a complete accident.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses another article by Mr. Pryor who is \"using his art to arouse the fear, \u0026 cupidity of the timid \u0026 narrow minded of this Legislature.\" Asks him about his previous offer from a company to purchase the estate, and that he wanted to wait for Congress to act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) States that his price for Mount Vernon has always been $200,000, since he gained control of it in 1849. Asks whether he ever made an offer for Mount Vernon for $100,000. If so, under whose authority was it made?","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to confirm with him that his offer to sell Mount Vernon as a site for the Military Asylum in 1851 was for $200,000 and not $100,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of a contract with a gentleman to sell him 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000 with the condition that the property should be offered to the U.S. and to Virginia. If neither purchased it, he should take the property. He then offered $50,000 to release him from that obligation, but JAW refused. Says he never has offered it for sale in public or private.","Says he was authorized by JAW to offer Mount Vernon for a Military Asylum for $100,000. Will search for papers to confirm this.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Advises that on March 25, 1851, he made an offer to sell about 150 acres of the Mount Vernon estate for $200,000 for an Army Asylum or some other government purpose.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Thanks him for sending a copy of the correspondence of Gen. Scott. Miss C. is intensely engaged in getting past Mr. Pryor's malicious misrepresentation of the Bill. If he can defeat us, he will.","Reiterates that Alexander and his heirs have no claim to any proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon beyond the agreed upon $6,000 and requests him to add a paragraph to that effect to the agreement they will both sign.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her in Richmond, despite his recent fall. Refers to the animosity of Mr. Pryor toward the bill. Wishes there could be an Extra Session for it to pass.","Again states his disagreement with Mr. McKenzie's assertion of his having offered $100,000 for Mount Vernon. No one else knew of such an offer. Gen. Scott agrees with JAW in his recollections. Tells her of a recent fall from a horse which will prevent his visit to Richmond on the 22nd.","Urges him and his family to attend the inauguration of the equestrian statue of Washington on the Capital Square in Richmond. Says he would be pleased to host them at their home near the city.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is uncertain whether he will be able to travel to Richmond and wants her to update him on matters related to the Bill as \"I have not in any manner approached\" any of his friends or acquaintances on the subject. It is important for her to convince members that the association only needs the name of the State which will not be called upon to pay any of the money for the purchase.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham begs him to attend Mr. Everett's oration and hopes to speak to him on the Square tomorrow.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Continues to be unwell. Introduces him to Mr. A.H.H. Dawson of Georgia, \"an eccentric genius.\" He is devoted to the purposes of the Association and has delivered an address about it in 30 towns in Georgia. Urges him to come to Richmond to meet with members of the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is sorry he was unable to call on her before leaving Richmond. Wants clarification about alterations Mr. Yancy thought necessary in the paper he left with her. He wants a decision by the Legislature, yes or no, soon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that the Legislature is \"in a row\" and will not pass any bills before an Extra Session. Wants him to bring a contract to her so they are prepared for any contingencies. Tells him of her illness of the lungs and her treatment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reiterates the importance of the sanctity of the family burying ground. Wants to have some alterations and additions of a substantial permanent character made to the present vault, with a durable enclosure around it. He is open to payment in stocks or cash for the estate. Says they should have an act of incorporation before signing a contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gen. Chapman was drawing up an act of incorporation before the bill comes up. He said Virginia must not hold the tomb; the Association must hold it. She remains very ill. \"yrs in much suffering\"","Is preparing a pamphlet to defend JAW against detractors and wants copies of correspondence he had with Gen. Scott and others about possible purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The bill in Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon, to be refunded by the MVLA, was defeated in the House of Delegates. In addition Congress cannot purchase land in a sovereign state without its consent. Tells him it should be the property of the Nation and should be sold to the MVLA. \"With grateful women pledged to guard the sacred ashes of Washington and to adorn his home for a national shrine.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Says it has become obvious that neither Virginia nor the U.S. wish to purchase Mount Vernon. Therefore \"the women of the land will probably be the safest as they will certainly be the purest guardians of a national shrine.\" He waits for her to make a proposal to him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham requests that he answer the letter she gave him relating to the purchase of Mount Vernon and to return it to her. She will give him a copy.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is returning her letter to him as it seemed to be improperly dated and lacked her signature. When she remedies those defects, he will send an answer.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to meet with him on Saturday morning in Alexandria to sign the contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is very unhappy about delays put forth by Messrs. Macfarland \u0026 Myers. They felt there had to be an acceptance of the contract by all or a majority of the Vice Regents before it could be signed. They can do this by telegraph, permitting Mrs. Ritchie to act for them.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to come without delay. It was thought things would be delayed as Mrs. Walton's husband had died, but now Mr. McFarland advised them to send for him at once. Miss Cunningham is not good and needs to bring matters to a close \"ere it be too late.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her that afternoon or evening as Dr. Beale \"considers it necessary to apply a severe blister without delay.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Upon reflection she feels the letter she sent him for publication is not to be published. She does not wish to \"make enemies even in a State which has given me so little cause to respect it.\" Mrs. Ritchie will work on a better worded one which she will send to him.","He deposited money to his credit for the contract and wants to know if this was correct. Tells him the pony he was inquiring about is not for sale. Also felt much concern about the accounts of the fisheries. Looks forward to a visit with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the plat of the 200 acres of land he agreed to sell to the MVLA. Wants him to sign it and return it.","(Typed transcription enclosed) About the plat, he is having the land resurveyed and \"have the necessary corners stones set.\" He will send it back with a signature after that. Also encloses her letter of March 12 and wants a copy of her letter as published with her signature.","Wants to know if George Thorburn may visit Mount Vernon in the 28th of May to inspect the grounds in regards to the improvements to be made. He is \"no doubt the first horticulturist in America\" and a plain, unpolished person. It would be good for JAW's surveyor to meet with Mr. Thorburn to go over the grounds.","He is \"exceedingly provoked\" at the newspaper coverage in connection with the sale of Mount Vernon. As a college friend he felt he had to contact an editor and correct the information. He hopes he did not make the situation worse.","Again requests he host the \"celebrated florist\" at Mount Vernon to look over the grounds before they come to Mount Vernon on the 29th for a few hours.","Agrees to have Mr. Thorburn come and meet with surveyors. Asks if Mr. Thorburn could be appointed the Agent of the Association in drawing up with the surveyors the lines of the 200 acres. He will \"grant any reasonable request of the Association.\" Hopes to see Mr. Ritchie and her while he yet resides at Mount Vernon.","The first attests to receipt of interest on the $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington. \tThe second is for $2,000 as part of the $6,000 owed.","Urges him to reduce the price of Mount Vernon to $150,000 so as to better fund all the expenses associated with its ownership by the MVLA. Tells him to buy land in \"some of the new states\" with that money.","Wants to know what stocks or bonds would be acceptable as part of the purchase price. Gives the current rate of Virginia stock.","Acknowledges his decline to the proposition.","Replying to a previous letter. Cannot answer the questions of Miss Lewis as he does not remember where Col. Fielding Lewis died. Her wishes are an illusion. Wonders if some land in Kentucky is what she is dreaming of. Hopes the Ladies will be able to preserve Mount Vernon after they complete the purchase.","As a new Mason, wants to know if he will amend the contract to state that the property will revert to the United States or the Masonic Fraternity in the event of a dissolution of the MVLA and not to the state of Virginia.","Writes to her cousin about an article in the paper that morning that was a \"vile abolition libel on you.\" Wants to assure her lady friends that it is untrue.","Is involved in illustrating an article about Mount Vernon as it is of interest to the American people. Wants to visit to sketch objects that have not been drawn. The MVLA is in favor of such an article to assist with their fund raising.","Is amazed at the scurrilous attacks made on him by Northern Papers which are calculated to embarrass the Mount Vernon Association.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for his letter about the calumnies in some Northern newspapers but has no desire to enter into a controversy with the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants him to tell her of his agreement with Mr. Crutchett of Mount Vernon Cane Factory who was given permission to come and cut trees on the estate. Asks what value he puts on the remainder of the estate contiguous to the 200 acres.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gives details of his contract with Mr. Crutchett which expired in February 1856. He was permitted to take more trees before January 1857. He has no right to \"come upon the property I have sold the Association to cut timber.\" Has not put a price on the remainder of Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for the hospitality given to him and his sister on their visit to Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham was happy to hear his account of the transactions with Mr. Crutchett. Wants him to come to Philadelphia to confer upon private matters of great importance to the Association and himself. She is equally interested in the final settlement of the boundary lines.","First letter (incomplete) congratulates him on the sale of Mount Vernon. Requests return of portrait of his mother. Second letter thanks him for agreeing to return the portrait. He and his family would very much like to visit Mount Vernon again before it becomes public.","Hopes he can come to Washington to meet with him. Wants Mr. Washington to stay with him to \"pay off the debt of visiting you at Mt. Vernon.\" Miss Cunningham is making arrangements to pay the first bond with interest in December.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Looks forward to making payment of the first installment. Mr. Riggs will pay sums of $5,000 as soon as it is raised. Hopes to be able to pay the remainder of 2d installment on 1st of January 1859. Begs him to keep these matters as a \"profound secret.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to make the first payment on December 14, the anniversary of Washington's death.","Tells him of payment to Burke \u0026 Herbert of $10,000 on that day.","Tells him the box containing the chairs has not yet arrived. He wants to be allowed to pay for the repairs necessary to the chairs. Invites him and his family to visit him in Richmond before they go farther away from it.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to make the first payment on the 1st, but this is a holiday. Urges him not to risk sending the plat executed by Washington himself but to have it be lithographed. Wants to clear up the boundaries. Tells him to keep the discussion of the sale of additional land private.","Wants to gather branches from the estate in order to make canes to sell to aid in the purchase of Mount Vernon.","Their project would require the consent of the Regent of the MVLA.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Confidential) Miss Cunningham is too ill to reply to his last letter. Lets him know his presence might be required on the 22nd but all arrangements must be kept private. The upcoming payment will be about $14,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to accept the money already paid to him (for the \"selling your relations bones.\") He already received more money than the estate was worth. Note on the letter states he ensured his control over the remains in \"such a way that they can never be sold by any one.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not want to go to Philadelphia unless it is absolutely necessary. He recently heard that Mrs. Esther M. Lewis (widow of Lorenzo Lewis) wants to present the harpsichord that was given to Nelly to the MVLA.","Thanks him for copy of the inscription on a bust. He realized he had not copied the pencil sketch of the Destruction of the Bastille. Would JAW please have a photograph of it sent to him for an upcoming book on the history of Mount Vernon. Will send a copy of the book to him in September when it is published.","Acknowledges receipt of $1,000 which completes the payment of $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington.","The Regent wants JAW to not allow any more sketches to be made of Mount Vernon or the grounds without her consent. Attached is a copy of an advertisement for sale of a portrait of Washington. The Mount Vernon Record gives an account of fund raising to date. Mr. Everett thanks Devereux for sending him a copy of the Farewell Address.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Requests her to send him definite instructions to enable him to prohibit people from making sketches of Mount Vernon.","Tells them he has written to the Regent requesting her instructions about the matter they raised with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent now feels that it would \"not be practicable for you to refuse privileges hitherto granted\" in the matter of sketches. There is also a newspaper clipping with letters from JAW and the Regent about the sale of Mount Vernon.","They wrote to him on the 14th as the Regent was prostrated. Requests any material he might have about the area in England where Washington's ancestor came from.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of terms under which they ran their steamboat to Mount Vernon. They paid him money with the understanding that he would make repairs to the wharf and footway, under the agreement, but he did not. He ordered his captain to have it done and will retain that money.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses a copy of the previous letter and asks him to advise her as to her response to Mr. Bryan.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham much enjoyed his previous letter and its humor. Hopes he will waive the requisition of 10 days notice before receiving payments. Can give him at least 30 days notice before requiring possession, and hopefully 60 days. She has \"been very much of an invalid for many weeks.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come to Philadelphia around the 10th or 12th so they may consult in regard to the future. They can have the boundary line settled and put many business affairs in order. Miss Cunningham intends to make a payment on the last installment as soon \"as you will receive it.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) He will travel to Philadelphia and meet with her on Wednesday. Will give directions to Messrs. Burke \u0026 Herbert for the last installment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham wants him to arrive on Thursday and then accompany her to hear Mr. Everett in the evening. She and Mr. Everett would then meet with him on Friday.","(Typed transcription enclosed) He agrees to come to Philadelphia on Thursday and meet as she suggests.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent wants him to \"have the kindness not to speak of the particulars of your interview with her.\" She also requests him to confer with Mr. Herbert, after which Mr. Herbert should meet with Mr. Riggs and let her know the arrangements he would be willing to make. \"This matter she particularly desires should be confidential.\"","Wants him to send him the photographs of the Picture of the Bastille and let him know what he owes for this service. Thanks him for his kindness in all this matter.","Again asks for the photograph of the Bastille picture as his book is finished, and he is only waiting for that.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham regrets that he and Mr. Riggs were unable to meet at Mount Vernon to discuss all it is possible to do without annoyance to the family. Would like to commence work on the outbuildings near the garden and to rebuild the roof and pillars of the piazza. Also wants to do work around the Tomb.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Apologizes for delay in responding to his recent letter, but the news of Captain Cunningham's decease has made it impossible for Miss Cunningham to \"think of even the most pressing business.\"","Thanks him for sending the photograph and encloses $5. Apologizes for keeping three documents for so long. Wants to return the documents and send him a copy of the book in September. Asks whether he may keep the Pohick elevation as it is in Washington's hand.","Details work done on various dresses.","Is sorry to hear that JAW will be leaving Mount Vernon before Hubard can get there to visit. Wants to know whether Mr. Mills does possess the moulds made by Houdon. Wants to see a cast made from the mould as he is convinced it is a fraud.","Cannot say whether the Richmond statue is accurate but to him the head looks identical to the Mount Vernon bust. Has never heard of the moulds being left at Mount Vernon and does not believe Mr. Mills would have removed anything without his permission.","Wants to clarify his original assertion that he feels Houdon did not use the moulds made from Washington's face as he asserts they are very different from the head of Houdon. Also wants to know whether the table on which Washington lay when the moulds were made is still at Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for sending money from the steamboat company for the MVLA.","Will be writing an article for Encyclopedia Britannica and is \"desirous of stating the facts relative to the emancipation of the Genl's slaves.\" Also wants to know whether Mrs. Washington left a will and whether she freed her slaves in it.","Wishes to obtain a copy of the inventory of General Washington's estate.","Makes assertion that General Washington was sued and judgment rendered against him. Also some northern papers are speculating that he lost his money and had mortgaged the Mount Vernon estate for $400,000. Encloses a copy of the certificate of the appraiser as entered in 1810.","Is returning the papers lent to him and sending a copy of his book on Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the use of the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reminds her that his request for her lawyer to sift through an abstract of his title to Mount Vernon has not been complied with. This would answer questions raised by anonymous persons which have \"caused you some uneasiness.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to conclusively prove the falsehood of assertions of the invalidity of his title to the estate. The Clerk of Fairfax County will attest to the truth but wants to see his father's will and evidence of the payment of $6,000 charged to the estate. Looks forward to putting to rest this falsehood.","Is still waiting for the certificate from the Clerk of Fairfax County. That will give the \"lie to any slander of title.\" Is unable to visit due to his duties in the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham thanks him for sending the package of papers and hopes to be able to write herself in a few days about other matters.","Thanks him for sending the papers. Does not appear from them that \"Mrs. Washington emancipated the dower negroes.\" Requests more information on that point.","Sees that Miss Cunningham has published an abstract of title furnished her by the Clerk of Fairfax Court, so imagines she will not require further information. Will soon return the other papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has forwarded to her a package of papers which he recovered, apparently detailing the kinds and locations of trees planted at Mount Vernon.","Tells her his lack of response to her letter is due to being away most of the month and having visits from friends, possibly for the last time at Mount Vernon. Pointed out the lines of the old vistas marked by ancient trees. The insurance policies he had were on the house only, not the outbuildings. Recommends she make a new road. Also recommends repairing the wharf.","Sends a newspaper copy of an advertisement she placed wishing to obtain a copy of the photograph taken the previous August at the tomb of Washington which included her daughter, now deceased. She would like to know if she could obtain a list of the attendees of that day so she might write and request this as it is the only photograph of her daughter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the Association still must raise $140,000 to support the Estate which will require extraordinary effort on the part of the Association. Asks her to address visitors at Mount Vernon on the imperative nature of this.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to arrange a \"Grand Ceremonial in connection with the taking of the title\" in order to let people know fund raising is not complete after the purchase. Refers to political turmoil and the impending dissolution of the Union and all the difficulties this will cause. Plans to be at Mount Vernon for 10 days and wants to meet with him to finalize things.","He is fine with executing a deed for the sale of Mount Vernon to the Association and feels there would be no difficulty in the event of his death. He worries about Virginia's seceding from the Union that she might object to selling part of her soil to a corporation composed \"in part of unfriendly foreigners.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham is gratified that he concurs in her proposition and feels her decease would be the most serious difficulty to be apprehended. Wants to meet him at Mount Vernon to place the deed in escrow. Does not feel the possibilities for Virginia he suggested would form a significant barrier.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses an order to Mr. Riggs for steamboat receipts through December 31st. Would be happy to meet her at Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the order on Mr. Bryan for the steamboat receipts. Has been paying insurance which continues until June next and has deducted that from the receipts.","Acknowledges his letter but does not need receipts for premiums of insurance.","Reports that Mr. Herbert only wants to clear the lot of land offered him. Also Mr. Norris has rented out his farm. Turner is not sure where he moved to in Kentucky. Discusses acquisition of material to make shirts for servants.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Had not replied to his earlier letter due to excessive fatigue from her journey from Columbia. Hopes to use patriotic influence to get the \"Agent\" to remit or reduce his fee.","Tells him of a minister who will be in Alexandria and is looking for a vacant church where he could officiate.","Funeral was conducted at Waveland. There is a description of the body and the family. Invoked the Gospel. JAW began family prayers following the death of his wife. Description of his activities over the following days.","Asks Mrs. Howard for a biographical sketch of her father (John Augustine Washington III) for the National Cyclopedia of American Biography.","Two leaflets advertising the writings of Dr. Lyon G. Tyler.","Full title \"A Confederate catechism: The war of 1861-1865.\" Third edition, November 21, 1929. Series of 20 questions and answers about the war.","Wants to know whether the Ladies will discuss the purchase of the pictures and maps he has been offering. He will offer them elsewhere.","Photographic print, cabinet card of a drawing of the east view of the Mansion by unknown artist. Reverse side of card reads \"D.H. Naramore, Photographer, No. 321 King Street, Alexandria, VA.\"","Small engraving probably clipped from a publication. Unknown location or residence shown in image.","Hair clippings in envelope with note \"Hair of the late Lawrence Washington - 1856 - Found among articles bequested to MVLA by Miss Cunningham. Miss Comegys, Regent (1923) directs Supt. to send this to the widow of Mr. Lawrence W.\"","Small black and white photographic print showing the gravestone for Lt. Col. John Augustine Washington.","Black and white photographic print mounted on gray board. Shows Waveland residence with man, two women, and several children visible (unidentified).","Boston: Published by Charles Bowen. Front page signed \"Jane C. Washington, Mount Vernon, 1834.\"","Diary inscribed \"Account of all my recpts. \u0026 expenditures beginning with Sept. 16th, 1841, that being the date at which I came to Mount Vernon to reside.\" There are intermittent entries through November 1859. This is not as full a diary but includes lists of food, clothing, and china, table, and cookware.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details.","Photocopies of undated manuscripts from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1834-1838 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1841-1845 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1846-1849 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1851-1853 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1854-1855 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1856-1857 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (1 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (2 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1859 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1860-1861 from the collection.","Handwritten notes probably by a librarian or other Mount Vernon staff member including summaries of the letters within the collection.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Davis, Henry Winter, 1817-1865","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Corcoran, W.W. (William Wilson), 1798-1888","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","McKenzie, Lewis, 1810-1895","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Taylor, John L. (John Lampkin), 1805-1870","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Tyler, Nathaniel, 1828-1917","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.848","/repositories/3/resources/65"],"normalized_title_ssm":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"collection_ssim":["John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) collection"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["3 Linear Feet 7 boxes"],"extent_tesim":["3 Linear Feet 7 boxes"],"date_range_isim":[1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged chronologically with undated material listed at the beginning in alphabetical order by folder title. Addenda, photocopies, and bound volumes are described at the end of the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged chronologically with undated material listed at the beginning in alphabetical order by folder title. Addenda, photocopies, and bound volumes are described at the end of the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e(Taken from the Digital Encyclopedia entry by Matthew Costello, George Washington's Mount Vernon website)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. The fourth of five children, he was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. John Augustine spent his young childhood at his parents' Blakeley plantation near present day Charles Town, West Virginia, but after the deaths of Bushrod Washington and his wife Julia in 1829, the Mount Vernon estate became the possession of Bushrod's nephew, John Augustine Washington II. As the son of a wealthy Virginia planter, John Augustine enjoyed a comfortable lifestyle at Mount Vernon, developing interests in politics, hunting, and agriculture. After John Augustine Washington II passed away in June 1832, the estate was left to his widow Jane Charlotte, who vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability without involving her children's inheritances. While John Augustine Washington III preferred his more aristocratic pastimes, Jane insisted that he attend college after his father's death. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, returning to Mount Vernon in September 1841 with a proposition to manage the estate for his mother. She agreed, loaning him twenty-two slaves and contracting his employment for five hundred dollars per year for seven years.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAs the oldest living male heir, John Augustine Washington III positioned himself to take possession of Mount Vernon from his mother. While she did not pass away until 1855, she gave John Augustine the proverbial keys to the kingdom, granting him full autonomy to run the plantation as he saw fit. However, John Augustine quickly realized that the deteriorating Mount Vernon estate was a far cry from the profitable plantation that his great-great uncle George Washington once presided over. His primary means of income came from wheat and potato production, woodcutting, selling slaves and outsourcing slave labor, collecting land rents, and his herring operation on the Potomac River. However, soil degradation, poor harvests, temperamental weather, and the devastation of crops by insects and pests limited his agricultural returns. While he managed to slow Mount Vernon's financial decline, these endeavors were not enough to stop the downward spiral. In addition to facing these hardships, John Augustine also experienced constant interruptions by sightseers, many of whom wanted the meet the living descendent of General George Washington, see the Mansion, and ask questions about Washington's life. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThese visitors were considered a nuisance to John Augustine's family, and their presence slowed plantation work for slaves, overseers, and hired farm laborers. Initially John Augustine followed the precedential policies of his mother, father, and uncle Bushrod, publishing trespassing notices around the property, requesting letters of introduction to enter the Mansion, and denying the landing of steamboats on the Potomac River. But with his lands yielding such little profit, John Augustine decided to embrace this historical tourism, implementing business strategies to extract money from the thousands of visitors who journeyed to the home of George Washington. In order to bring more people to the estate, he entered into a contract with the proprietors of the Thomas Collyer to permit their steamboat to dock directly at Mount Vernon. He also promoted and invested in the construction of the Alexandria, Mount Vernon, and Accotink Turnpike Road, which was designed to make travel easier to Mount Vernon over land. As more visitors descended upon the grounds, he instructed slaves and laborers to sell bouquets of flowers, fruit, milk, and hand-carved canes to tourists. Beyond the property boundaries, he went into business with James Crutchett, who purchased timber from the estate and manufactured wooden Washington trinkets near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad depot in the nation's capital. While John Augustine Washington capitalized on the American fascination with George Washington, these sales were not substantial enough to convince him to retain Mount Vernon. He attempted to sell the property to both the federal government and the state of Virginia, but both bodies were deeply mired in sectional and political partisanship. Convinced that neither would meet his terms, he agreed to sell 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate, which included the Mansion, outlying buildings, and the family tomb to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) in 1858 for $200,000. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine and his family vacated Mount Vernon for their new home Waveland plantation in February 1860. About a year later the state of Virginia called for a convention to debate the issue of secession, and in April 1861, Virginia delegates responded to the firing on Fort Sumter by voting in favor of leaving the Union. John Augustine joined the Confederate Army as a lieutenant colonel, and he served as aide-de-camp to his relative by marriage, General Robert E. Lee. In September 1861, John Augustine was killed during a reconnaissance mission at the Battle of Cheat Mountain by a Union bushwhacker. In a letter to John's teenage daughter Louisa, Lee painfully informed her that her father \"fell in the cause to which he had devoted all his energies, and which his noble heart was earnestly enlisted.\" The two men had shared many conversations and moments together as tent mates, and Lee admired his unflinching \"devotion to Almighty God,\" assuring Louisa that \"He is now safely in Heaven.\" John Augustine was buried in the Zion Episcopal Churchyard in Charles Town, West Virginia, one of several Washington family members who fought and died for Southern independence. \u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["(Taken from the Digital Encyclopedia entry by Matthew Costello, George Washington's Mount Vernon website)","John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. The fourth of five children, he was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. John Augustine spent his young childhood at his parents' Blakeley plantation near present day Charles Town, West Virginia, but after the deaths of Bushrod Washington and his wife Julia in 1829, the Mount Vernon estate became the possession of Bushrod's nephew, John Augustine Washington II. As the son of a wealthy Virginia planter, John Augustine enjoyed a comfortable lifestyle at Mount Vernon, developing interests in politics, hunting, and agriculture. After John Augustine Washington II passed away in June 1832, the estate was left to his widow Jane Charlotte, who vowed to maintain the estate to the best of her ability without involving her children's inheritances. While John Augustine Washington III preferred his more aristocratic pastimes, Jane insisted that he attend college after his father's death. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840, returning to Mount Vernon in September 1841 with a proposition to manage the estate for his mother. She agreed, loaning him twenty-two slaves and contracting his employment for five hundred dollars per year for seven years.","As the oldest living male heir, John Augustine Washington III positioned himself to take possession of Mount Vernon from his mother. While she did not pass away until 1855, she gave John Augustine the proverbial keys to the kingdom, granting him full autonomy to run the plantation as he saw fit. However, John Augustine quickly realized that the deteriorating Mount Vernon estate was a far cry from the profitable plantation that his great-great uncle George Washington once presided over. His primary means of income came from wheat and potato production, woodcutting, selling slaves and outsourcing slave labor, collecting land rents, and his herring operation on the Potomac River. However, soil degradation, poor harvests, temperamental weather, and the devastation of crops by insects and pests limited his agricultural returns. While he managed to slow Mount Vernon's financial decline, these endeavors were not enough to stop the downward spiral. In addition to facing these hardships, John Augustine also experienced constant interruptions by sightseers, many of whom wanted the meet the living descendent of General George Washington, see the Mansion, and ask questions about Washington's life. ","These visitors were considered a nuisance to John Augustine's family, and their presence slowed plantation work for slaves, overseers, and hired farm laborers. Initially John Augustine followed the precedential policies of his mother, father, and uncle Bushrod, publishing trespassing notices around the property, requesting letters of introduction to enter the Mansion, and denying the landing of steamboats on the Potomac River. But with his lands yielding such little profit, John Augustine decided to embrace this historical tourism, implementing business strategies to extract money from the thousands of visitors who journeyed to the home of George Washington. In order to bring more people to the estate, he entered into a contract with the proprietors of the Thomas Collyer to permit their steamboat to dock directly at Mount Vernon. He also promoted and invested in the construction of the Alexandria, Mount Vernon, and Accotink Turnpike Road, which was designed to make travel easier to Mount Vernon over land. As more visitors descended upon the grounds, he instructed slaves and laborers to sell bouquets of flowers, fruit, milk, and hand-carved canes to tourists. Beyond the property boundaries, he went into business with James Crutchett, who purchased timber from the estate and manufactured wooden Washington trinkets near the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad depot in the nation's capital. While John Augustine Washington capitalized on the American fascination with George Washington, these sales were not substantial enough to convince him to retain Mount Vernon. He attempted to sell the property to both the federal government and the state of Virginia, but both bodies were deeply mired in sectional and political partisanship. Convinced that neither would meet his terms, he agreed to sell 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate, which included the Mansion, outlying buildings, and the family tomb to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) in 1858 for $200,000. ","John Augustine and his family vacated Mount Vernon for their new home Waveland plantation in February 1860. About a year later the state of Virginia called for a convention to debate the issue of secession, and in April 1861, Virginia delegates responded to the firing on Fort Sumter by voting in favor of leaving the Union. John Augustine joined the Confederate Army as a lieutenant colonel, and he served as aide-de-camp to his relative by marriage, General Robert E. Lee. In September 1861, John Augustine was killed during a reconnaissance mission at the Battle of Cheat Mountain by a Union bushwhacker. In a letter to John's teenage daughter Louisa, Lee painfully informed her that her father \"fell in the cause to which he had devoted all his energies, and which his noble heart was earnestly enlisted.\" The two men had shared many conversations and moments together as tent mates, and Lee admired his unflinching \"devotion to Almighty God,\" assuring Louisa that \"He is now safely in Heaven.\" John Augustine was buried in the Zion Episcopal Churchyard in Charles Town, West Virginia, one of several Washington family members who fought and died for Southern independence. "],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], John Augustine Washington III and Mount Vernon Ladies' Association (MVLA) Collection, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis diary may not actually be part of accession RM-848 as it is not mentioned in the initial inventory/correspondence. However, it was in the same box as the other diaries and the almanac when found on the shelf, therefore it was described with the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["This diary may not actually be part of accession RM-848 as it is not mentioned in the initial inventory/correspondence. However, it was in the same box as the other diaries and the almanac when found on the shelf, therefore it was described with the collection."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEarly Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Early Records of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nPapers of the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Love Selden Correspondence ;\nJohn Augustine Washington III and Descendants Papers ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection concerns the inheritance, maintenance, and sale of the Mount Vernon estate by its last private owner, John Augustine Washington III. A large majority of the collection is correspondence to or from John Augustine Washington III with a significant portion relating to the purchase of the estate by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Three diaries kept by John Augustine are also included and contain important information about his slaves, agricultural practices, and finances. Other types of material in the collection include legal documents, receipts, photographs, and ephemera. Photocopies were made for most of the manuscripts and can be viewed as surrogates to the originals. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eDescendants of John Augustine Washington III maintained ownership of these records until 1990 when they were sold to Gary Hendershott, a manuscripts dealer from Little Rock, Arkansas. The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association purchased the collection in October 1990.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLists signatures and states that all members of Congress would sign if requested.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eStates they are now the \"best of friends.\" She is angry at people who denigrate his motives. Wants to make known his true nature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMrs. Ritchie requests he arrive at the theatre a little after 12:00 so all guests may be seated prior to the rise of the curtain.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eShe had sent her present of flowers to Mrs. Madison, and they were \"greatfully\" received.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis mother wants help valuing her sheep. Describes one offer for Mount Vernon with great disdain. They want to have entertainments there. He has great respect for \"your manly pride.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eApologizes for having intruded too much on his privacy during a recent visit when Mrs. Ritchie and others of the ladies \"took forcible possession of me\" and requested cuttings of flowers. Hopes he will establish a Botanic Garden and suggests a location for a Mausoleum.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDescribes her return from Mount Vernon in much rain. Discusses crops. Gives instructions for sending things to her. Asks report of conversation that was \"highly derogatory to me.\" Feels items should be sold to visitors so they will not pilfer mementos.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges sale of Mount Vernon to Virginia rather than to a private sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eResolution wants to change the site of the Military Asylum to Mount Vernon if a part of the estate can be purchased at a reasonable price.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIntroduces some friends who wish to visit Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives family news and an account of a visit by a gentleman who spent the night at Mount Vernon and gave $5 to West Ford. Discusses sale of a slave to his cousin. Has heard of a bill by the federal government to purchase Mount Vernon and wishes it would be accepted. Mentions prices and terms.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs sending oats and other items to Mount Vernon. Urges him to pursue his studies. Wishes him to send some oysters and sugar.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends funds for completing the vault at Mount Vernon and authorizes him to take more money from his bank if necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for the many civilities experienced by them during their visit to Mount Vernon. Sends a piece of a branch of a fig tree cut from the birth spot of \"your immortal ancestor.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs against his plans for Mount Vernon and opening it to \"every low idler.\" Discusses payments and what form they would take.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBrief note of regards, translated by J. Perkins.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHeard about people being charged to enter the garden. Wishes he would stop this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know price and terms of sale of Mount Vernon. If not for sale, could it be leased. (Contains typed transcript.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWas glad to hear that Mount Vernon was not for sale as it should remain in the hands of the Washington family. Wishes to \"establish a house of entertainment in the vicinity of Mount Vernon.\" Asks questions as to materials and location of such. (Contains typed transcript.)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs in the market to purchase negroes as one of his men, Alfred, has run off. Wants to know whether she still wishes to dispose of her negroes and what her price would be. He could pay $500 cash and then pay off the principal in a year or two.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eLists names of executors and legatees and their shares and values.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of an upcoming visit to Washington and Mount Vernon by a \"highly respectable volunteer corps.\" They wish to arrive by boat and see the tomb of Washington. He understands permission to do so is necessary.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs worried his health is suffering by his labors at Mount Vernon. Hopes he will accept any reasonable offer by the U.S. Government for it. Went into town to have magistrates witness her acknowledgment of the deed of release. Discusses a suit brought by Judge Douglass and the health of various family members.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDoubts whether an offer will be made by the U.S. Government. Hopes it would as she feels his health is suffering from attending to business at Mount Vernon. Recommends someone to help him acquire an overseer. Was paid money for him. Discusses the failing health of Dr. Alexander's mother and others.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs horrified to learn of auction of Wood Lawn. Proposes to run a steamboat between Washington to Wood Lawn, Fort Washington, Mount Vernon, and the White House. Gives references. Pledges to bring members of Congress there and feels it would enhance the chances of the purchase of Mount Vernon by the government. Suggests it could be used as a summer home for the President. Discusses various items left by Washington and the soon to be completed Chesapeake \u0026amp; Ohio Canal. (contains typed transcript)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of a letter he received from an unknown man who wants to obtain a tree from Mount Vernon to transplant in France to shade the bench of Christopher Columbus which he possesses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eRecommends leaving it to Congress to propose a price for the purchase of Mount Vernon. She feels he wants too much for it, and that it really should not be sold. Gives family news. Gives advice on his search for an overseer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter discusses the Supreme Court taking on the suit of Mr. Hammond against General Washington. Bassett says he discharged all debts owed by Captain Lewis. There is another copy of the names of executors and legatees and their shares and values. Discussions of various debts owed to different people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses various suits, mostly Hammonds, against the estate and their current status. Many people have died since 1827 when they were last listed. Will take a long time to find people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscussion of the Hammond suit and payments still owed to various creditors, to be paid by all the legatees of General Washington's estate. Most dollar figures are left blank to be filled in later. Prompt payment by all legatees is required.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his father's will and his lack of knowledge of the whereabouts of various other people mentioned in JAW's letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAnswering his inquiries as to various relatives. Suggests he write to the clerk of Kanawha County for the information he requires. Suggests he contact Andrew Parks who probably has all the facts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses sale of swamp land. He paid the taxes on it for the Washington heirs. The land is not worth much since the timber had been taken from it by many people over the years. Would like to be reimbursed for the money he paid.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe wishes to meet with him in the middle of November, at which time they can conclude their business.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the bill in Congress to purchase Mount Vernon. Wants assets divided up between her children so all are taken care of. Tells of Charles' upcoming marriage before he leaves for California.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the codicil of his father's will. Mrs. Washington is not compelled to sell. Upon her death, the heirs may sell despite the codicil. Suggests Mrs. Washington partition the land before her death in order that JAW may do \"what you please with the land.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvites him to the wedding of his oldest daughter the next week.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been in Charlestown attending services for the week. Is amazed at the prospect of $200,000 being paid for Mount Vernon by the government. Wants him to send fish and to pickle some \"Rock.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription included) George Page and a surveyor from Maryland wanted to survey land in the Potomac River adjacent to Mount Vernon with the object of bringing steamboats there. Was notified he would be charged with some offense by Maryland. Makes him aware that the compact between the states means they have no claim on him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter – wants to know if Mount Vernon Estate will be sold. Second letter – understands the government might become the owner of the estate and wants to meet.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to petition the Court to finally settle the estate of General Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter – wants to examine Mount Vernon with a view to the establishment of a military asylum for the relief of soldiers. Second letter – tells him the price for Mount Vernon is too high, and purchase of a location nearer Washington will be undertaken.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAn account by a boat company of receipts over the past year.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses the landing of boats at Mount Vernon without JAW's previous knowledge. Wants them to be allowed to dock if they pay the usual fare to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges payment for the pianoforte. Wants four walking sticks cut from near General Washington's tomb to be sent to monks in Italy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgreement to sell 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000. Includes all buildings and the tomb, as well as furnishings currently there. Also will allow heirs to be buried there. He may not sell the estate without first offering it to the U.S. Government and the State of Virginia for no more than $350,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas been unable to contact other parties to the contract. Hopes to be able to do so soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eA committee of the House of Delegates has been appointed to consider the purchase of Mount Vernon. Wants to meet him in Alexandria to discuss this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a newspaper clipping about the acquisition of Mount Vernon by the State of Virginia. Tells him the committee of five will look into the will of the people as to this acquisition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAddressed only to \"Mrs. Washington.\" Unclear whether it is addressed to Mrs. Jane C.B. Washington or Mrs. Eleanor L.S. Washington. (Typed transcription included) Has heard that Mount Vernon is for sale, possibly to northern people. Feels the Ladies of the South might instead procure it and wants to know the price.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDoes not wish to part with Mount Vernon but wishes to keep it from the changeable fortunes of a family and to ally it to the State. Would sell 200 acres with stipulations for $200,000. If the State wants to establish a model farm there, he would sell an additional 1,000 acres for $300,000. Invites them to visit.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses his offer to sell Mount Vernon to the state. Says $200,000 is less than the property could sell for on the market. Talks about having a model farm as nothing meant more to Washington than farming. Would welcome them to visit. Reminds them that his terms cannot be materially modified.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription included) Says he is asking less money of the state than he had been offered by others. Tells them of his desire for a model farm as the pursuit of an improved system of agriculture was of great importance to General Washington. Would welcome a visit from them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to clear up suggestions that he is falsely referring to higher offers for Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Committee feels the price for Mount Vernon \"is enormous.\" Would prefer the money to be used for a rail road.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDraft in writing of John Augustine Washington III. Addressed to \"Miss Cunningham\" but could also be a response to Louisa Cunningham's letter instead of Ann Pamela Cunningham. Praises the women of the south for their affection for Washington. Does not wish to dispose of the property except to the government of the United States or Virginia and so declines the proposition from the \"Ladies of the South.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDraft thought to be in the writing of Jane C.B. Washington. Identical text to previous letter (draft in the hand of John Augustine Washington III).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a power of attorney and some other letters. Has agreed to reduction of $50,000 on 1000 acres. Will accept nothing less than $200,000 for the 200 acres. Agrees to pay him 5% of what he gets from either government agency, provided it occurs in the current session.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe state might be willing to pay $50,000 per year for four years for Mount Vernon but not the total of $200,000 at once. Wonders what is happening with the federal government. \"Things are coming to a head rapidly.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs long as negotiations with Virginia remain open, it would not be proper for him to entertain any proposals from other parties for the purchase of Mount Vernon. Might be interested in the future in making an offer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeels priority should be given to Congress to purchase Mount Vernon, and therefore Virginia is holding off on more committee meetings. Wants him to be there for future committee meetings.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to meet with Arthur Taylor as his representative in the proposed sale of Mount Vernon. Requests that he not send papers to Col. Bissell before meeting with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHas the papers from Mr. Washington and wants to meet with him to discuss the sale of Mount Vernon to the U.S. Government.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAssures him that he has not given the letters from him to Mr. Bissell and has requested Mr. Taylor to come see him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses the previous letter and hopes they will be able to meet soon. Feels it best to not commit to any course with the U.S. until a definite answer comes from the Virginia Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvites him to come to his lodgings at any time at 9 a.m.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs unable to return to his \"hospitable roof\" at this time. Values the time she was there and having been \"entrusted with the training of such bright intelligences.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports on his share of earnings from \"Washington's Writings.\" Many copies of the book were destroyed in a fire, but the stereotype and engraved plates were in a fire proof vault.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFeels it is very important for him to communicate with the federal government and is willing to help in any way.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMr. Taylor shared his letter proposing to bring the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon again before Congress. His terms are already known to him – the same as those agreed to for the State of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to bring up the purchase of Mount Vernon in Congress but wants to know just what terms he agreed to with Virginia. Wants the Northern States to purchase it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives terms of sale, including that family members still living may also be buried there. Additional property to total 1000 acres may be purchased for $300,000, for a model farm as suggested by Gen. Washington. Tells him the state of Virginia had proposed the sale for less than he wanted which he refused.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eEncloses a copy of the bill reported to the House of Delegates Committee for the purchase of Mount Vernon. He told them it would not meet with JAW's approval. Urges him to move quickly on the Turnpike matter for this session.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs very desirous of having the State of Virginia take possession of Mount Vernon and \"have the sole control and ownership forever.\" Wants to know what terms he proposes.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives him the terms of sale. The Washington family shall be permitted to be buried on the site, and no remains shall ever be disturbed. The price shall be $200,000, with an additional 800 acres available for $100,000 more\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill not accede to propositions of the steamboat company. Will be busy for a few weeks but wants to see a copy of the agreement currently in effect.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of Mrs. Mason presenting \"a remonstrance against your turnpike.\" Wants access to $250 at Farmers Bank in Alexandria.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses payments based on sales of \"Washington's Writings.\" Tells percentages paid to various legatees.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses quarrelling and squabbling among the ladies purchasing Mount Vernon. Is concerned about security around the remains of George Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to send a letter to him so he may correct disparaging remarks made about his impending sale of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs writing to her as requested by JAW. Describes a woman mourning her deceased eight-year-old son. Includes a poem about grief and moving on after death of a child.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Mr. Mason very much wants to meet him and getting a letter from JAW that would announce the news of their \"progress.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for the kindness of him and Mrs. Washington on her recent visit to Mount Vernon. Urges him to send a letter to be published about the sale of Mount Vernon before the news is released by someone else.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Assures her he does not care what others say about him and remains hopeful of selling Mount Vernon to the State of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Explains the absence of Mr. Toombs when JAW came to see him. Tells him why she is now dealing with Mr. Toombs rather than Mr. Mason.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes to meet him in Washington City as she will be there for a few days during her travel south. Wants a thorough understanding of his wishes and intentions before meeting with the governor of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter in the National Intelligencer and put the estate under the care of the State of Virginia. (This is a copy of a letter written by Anna's husband.) Second letter, dated March 5, 1857 on same paper: Refers to letter copied out by her. Is certain a sufficient sum will have been raised by February 22 to enable Virginia to purchase Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter to the National Intelligencer and consent to place the estate once more at the disposal of Virginia which has an arrangement with the \"Ladies' Mount Vernon Association of the Union.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHis musical association played a concert on behalf of the \"Ladies Mt. Vernon Association\" at which $100 was raised. The musical group would benefit greatly from receiving this money back if Mr. Washington has no plans to sell to the Ladies Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWould love to spend time at Mount Vernon, but his schedule will not allow at this time. His book will be published during the winter and spring, but he doesn't feel a visit would add anything.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe remains willing to place Mount Vernon in the hands of the State of Virginia, under his terms which the state has not seemed to want to meet. The proposal to have Mount Vernon by under the Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union is unacceptable to him. Doubts they could maintain the estate in perpetuity. It would then be taken over by the state.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Identical to previous letter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Responding to his letter to Mr. Ritchie. Urges him to put out that the Ladies are to raise $200,000 on behalf of the State of Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not wish to publish parts of letters. Feels \"nothing but silent contempt can put them at rest.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(W.L. Underwood – most likely Warner Lewis Underwood, Kentucky Senator) Tells JAW that if his current negotiations for Mount Vernon should fall through that his organization would be pleased to enter into further discussions.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain says he wishes Mount Vernon to go to the State of Virginia, to be decided upon by the current session of the General Assembly.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to know who told her that he was \"willing… for a pecuniary consideration to break engagements and promises.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Masonic Brotherhood is interested in purchasing Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the tour the previous day. Apologizes for the bad behavior of one member and hopes that will not prejudice him against the Fraternity.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) She met with the governor who told her the \"Extra Session\" of the Legislature was for the \"presidential contest,\" so the Legislature will not be meeting again until the next winter. Realizes this delay is not pleasing to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInquires whether any action has been taken by the Legislature or is likely to be.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him no action has yet been taken by the Legislature but feels sure it will be taken up after the Christmas recess, after which the ladies will be enabled to purchase Mount Vernon and have its title transferred to Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiscusses various prices for Mount Vernon and quotes JAW as vehemently denying that he wanted the remains of General Washington moved. He wishes the estate to be the property of the United States and all the people.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him she has been very ill but is sure that the Legislature will act.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Tells him Gov. Wise is \"inimical to our 'cause'\" which is the reason the Legislature has not taken up the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon.\" Talks of the financial crisis which is being felt by \"we victimized cotton planters.\" Tells him of the impending sale of copies of a portrait of Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) She writes of her illness and lack of strength. The Constitution of the Association was signed by the governor. Tells him various Masonic orders have decided to become allies of the Association. Hopes to have the contract signed between Virginia and him on the 22nd of February.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eInvites recipient to the elevation of the Statue of Washington on February 22 in Richmond.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Is looking forward to the inauguration of the Washington statue. Wants him to vow that the Ladies of the Association are the \"very best friends you have in the world.\" Tells him that Gov. Wise is no friend to him or to her and this cause.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Has a document that states Virginia will purchase Mount Vernon from him and encloses a copy of the bill. Is sure the governor will act strongly to defeat this. Wants him to attend the address by Mr. Everett a few days before the 22nd of February. Tells him how lucky he is to get $200,000 in \"these awful times.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eGives price of sale of $200,000 for 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate and pledges the MVLA to guarantee to not disturb any remains currently there and to allow descendants of JAW to also be interred there.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Praises him for agreeing that Mount Vernon is to be a public shrine and to limit interments there. Gen. Chapman included that in the third reading of the bill. Discusses the building of a new mausoleum for Washington which would not go against his will. Talks of her illness.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the disposition of family remains, as well as those of General Washington, are his biggest concerns in the sale.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes he is happy about the bill as read in the Legislature. Tells him it is she and not the Committee who wants to arrange for a magnificent mausoleum. Closes by saying she is too exhausted to \"even give a hint of the nature of woman's revenge should you not be in a state of delight over our bill!!!\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Remains adamant as to a future mausoleum as Washington stated where he wished his remains to be. Cannot travel to Richmond at present due to the illness of Mrs. Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Agreement ends with reference to the 10th of February) Deals with payment of $6,000 to heirs of W.F. Alexander and Anna Alexander as a share of Mount Vernon. Expressly says none of these heirs have any claim to the proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon, other than the $6,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that though Gov. Wise is no friend to the Mount Vernon cause, he did not intend to put his remarks under the head of Lunatic Asylum. It was a complete accident.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses another article by Mr. Pryor who is \"using his art to arouse the fear, \u0026amp; cupidity of the timid \u0026amp; narrow minded of this Legislature.\" Asks him about his previous offer from a company to purchase the estate, and that he wanted to wait for Congress to act.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) States that his price for Mount Vernon has always been $200,000, since he gained control of it in 1849. Asks whether he ever made an offer for Mount Vernon for $100,000. If so, under whose authority was it made?\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to confirm with him that his offer to sell Mount Vernon as a site for the Military Asylum in 1851 was for $200,000 and not $100,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of a contract with a gentleman to sell him 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000 with the condition that the property should be offered to the U.S. and to Virginia. If neither purchased it, he should take the property. He then offered $50,000 to release him from that obligation, but JAW refused. Says he never has offered it for sale in public or private.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSays he was authorized by JAW to offer Mount Vernon for a Military Asylum for $100,000. Will search for papers to confirm this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Advises that on March 25, 1851, he made an offer to sell about 150 acres of the Mount Vernon estate for $200,000 for an Army Asylum or some other government purpose.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Thanks him for sending a copy of the correspondence of Gen. Scott. Miss C. is intensely engaged in getting past Mr. Pryor's malicious misrepresentation of the Bill. If he can defeat us, he will.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReiterates that Alexander and his heirs have no claim to any proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon beyond the agreed upon $6,000 and requests him to add a paragraph to that effect to the agreement they will both sign.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her in Richmond, despite his recent fall. Refers to the animosity of Mr. Pryor toward the bill. Wishes there could be an Extra Session for it to pass.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain states his disagreement with Mr. McKenzie's assertion of his having offered $100,000 for Mount Vernon. No one else knew of such an offer. Gen. Scott agrees with JAW in his recollections. Tells her of a recent fall from a horse which will prevent his visit to Richmond on the 22nd.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him and his family to attend the inauguration of the equestrian statue of Washington on the Capital Square in Richmond. Says he would be pleased to host them at their home near the city.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is uncertain whether he will be able to travel to Richmond and wants her to update him on matters related to the Bill as \"I have not in any manner approached\" any of his friends or acquaintances on the subject. It is important for her to convince members that the association only needs the name of the State which will not be called upon to pay any of the money for the purchase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham begs him to attend Mr. Everett's oration and hopes to speak to him on the Square tomorrow.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Continues to be unwell. Introduces him to Mr. A.H.H. Dawson of Georgia, \"an eccentric genius.\" He is devoted to the purposes of the Association and has delivered an address about it in 30 towns in Georgia. Urges him to come to Richmond to meet with members of the Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is sorry he was unable to call on her before leaving Richmond. Wants clarification about alterations Mr. Yancy thought necessary in the paper he left with her. He wants a decision by the Legislature, yes or no, soon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that the Legislature is \"in a row\" and will not pass any bills before an Extra Session. Wants him to bring a contract to her so they are prepared for any contingencies. Tells him of her illness of the lungs and her treatment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Reiterates the importance of the sanctity of the family burying ground. Wants to have some alterations and additions of a substantial permanent character made to the present vault, with a durable enclosure around it. He is open to payment in stocks or cash for the estate. Says they should have an act of incorporation before signing a contract.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Gen. Chapman was drawing up an act of incorporation before the bill comes up. He said Virginia must not hold the tomb; the Association must hold it. She remains very ill. \"yrs in much suffering\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs preparing a pamphlet to defend JAW against detractors and wants copies of correspondence he had with Gen. Scott and others about possible purchase of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) The bill in Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon, to be refunded by the MVLA, was defeated in the House of Delegates. In addition Congress cannot purchase land in a sovereign state without its consent. Tells him it should be the property of the Nation and should be sold to the MVLA. \"With grateful women pledged to guard the sacred ashes of Washington and to adorn his home for a national shrine.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Says it has become obvious that neither Virginia nor the U.S. wish to purchase Mount Vernon. Therefore \"the women of the land will probably be the safest as they will certainly be the purest guardians of a national shrine.\" He waits for her to make a proposal to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham requests that he answer the letter she gave him relating to the purchase of Mount Vernon and to return it to her. She will give him a copy.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is returning her letter to him as it seemed to be improperly dated and lacked her signature. When she remedies those defects, he will send an answer.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to meet with him on Saturday morning in Alexandria to sign the contract.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Is very unhappy about delays put forth by Messrs. Macfarland \u0026amp; Myers. They felt there had to be an acceptance of the contract by all or a majority of the Vice Regents before it could be signed. They can do this by telegraph, permitting Mrs. Ritchie to act for them.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to come without delay. It was thought things would be delayed as Mrs. Walton's husband had died, but now Mr. McFarland advised them to send for him at once. Miss Cunningham is not good and needs to bring matters to a close \"ere it be too late.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her that afternoon or evening as Dr. Beale \"considers it necessary to apply a severe blister without delay.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Upon reflection she feels the letter she sent him for publication is not to be published. She does not wish to \"make enemies even in a State which has given me so little cause to respect it.\" Mrs. Ritchie will work on a better worded one which she will send to him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe deposited money to his credit for the contract and wants to know if this was correct. Tells him the pony he was inquiring about is not for sale. Also felt much concern about the accounts of the fisheries. Looks forward to a visit with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the plat of the 200 acres of land he agreed to sell to the MVLA. Wants him to sign it and return it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) About the plat, he is having the land resurveyed and \"have the necessary corners stones set.\" He will send it back with a signature after that. Also encloses her letter of March 12 and wants a copy of her letter as published with her signature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know if George Thorburn may visit Mount Vernon in the 28th of May to inspect the grounds in regards to the improvements to be made. He is \"no doubt the first horticulturist in America\" and a plain, unpolished person. It would be good for JAW's surveyor to meet with Mr. Thorburn to go over the grounds.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is \"exceedingly provoked\" at the newspaper coverage in connection with the sale of Mount Vernon. As a college friend he felt he had to contact an editor and correct the information. He hopes he did not make the situation worse.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain requests he host the \"celebrated florist\" at Mount Vernon to look over the grounds before they come to Mount Vernon on the 29th for a few hours.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgrees to have Mr. Thorburn come and meet with surveyors. Asks if Mr. Thorburn could be appointed the Agent of the Association in drawing up with the surveyors the lines of the 200 acres. He will \"grant any reasonable request of the Association.\" Hopes to see Mr. Ritchie and her while he yet resides at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe first attests to receipt of interest on the $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington. \tThe second is for $2,000 as part of the $6,000 owed.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eUrges him to reduce the price of Mount Vernon to $150,000 so as to better fund all the expenses associated with its ownership by the MVLA. Tells him to buy land in \"some of the new states\" with that money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know what stocks or bonds would be acceptable as part of the purchase price. Gives the current rate of Virginia stock.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges his decline to the proposition.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReplying to a previous letter. Cannot answer the questions of Miss Lewis as he does not remember where Col. Fielding Lewis died. Her wishes are an illusion. Wonders if some land in Kentucky is what she is dreaming of. Hopes the Ladies will be able to preserve Mount Vernon after they complete the purchase.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAs a new Mason, wants to know if he will amend the contract to state that the property will revert to the United States or the Masonic Fraternity in the event of a dissolution of the MVLA and not to the state of Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWrites to her cousin about an article in the paper that morning that was a \"vile abolition libel on you.\" Wants to assure her lady friends that it is untrue.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs involved in illustrating an article about Mount Vernon as it is of interest to the American people. Wants to visit to sketch objects that have not been drawn. The MVLA is in favor of such an article to assist with their fund raising.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs amazed at the scurrilous attacks made on him by Northern Papers which are calculated to embarrass the Mount Vernon Association.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for his letter about the calumnies in some Northern newspapers but has no desire to enter into a controversy with the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants him to tell her of his agreement with Mr. Crutchett of Mount Vernon Cane Factory who was given permission to come and cut trees on the estate. Asks what value he puts on the remainder of the estate contiguous to the 200 acres.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Gives details of his contract with Mr. Crutchett which expired in February 1856. He was permitted to take more trees before January 1857. He has no right to \"come upon the property I have sold the Association to cut timber.\" Has not put a price on the remainder of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for the hospitality given to him and his sister on their visit to Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham was happy to hear his account of the transactions with Mr. Crutchett. Wants him to come to Philadelphia to confer upon private matters of great importance to the Association and himself. She is equally interested in the final settlement of the boundary lines.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFirst letter (incomplete) congratulates him on the sale of Mount Vernon. Requests return of portrait of his mother. Second letter thanks him for agreeing to return the portrait. He and his family would very much like to visit Mount Vernon again before it becomes public.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHopes he can come to Washington to meet with him. Wants Mr. Washington to stay with him to \"pay off the debt of visiting you at Mt. Vernon.\" Miss Cunningham is making arrangements to pay the first bond with interest in December.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Looks forward to making payment of the first installment. Mr. Riggs will pay sums of $5,000 as soon as it is raised. Hopes to be able to pay the remainder of 2d installment on 1st of January 1859. Begs him to keep these matters as a \"profound secret.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiss Cunningham wants to make the first payment on December 14, the anniversary of Washington's death.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of payment to Burke \u0026amp; Herbert of $10,000 on that day.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him the box containing the chairs has not yet arrived. He wants to be allowed to pay for the repairs necessary to the chairs. Invites him and his family to visit him in Richmond before they go farther away from it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to make the first payment on the 1st, but this is a holiday. Urges him not to risk sending the plat executed by Washington himself but to have it be lithographed. Wants to clear up the boundaries. Tells him to keep the discussion of the sale of additional land private.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to gather branches from the estate in order to make canes to sell to aid in the purchase of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTheir project would require the consent of the Regent of the MVLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Confidential) Miss Cunningham is too ill to reply to his last letter. Lets him know his presence might be required on the 22nd but all arrangements must be kept private. The upcoming payment will be about $14,000.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to accept the money already paid to him (for the \"selling your relations bones.\") He already received more money than the estate was worth. Note on the letter states he ensured his control over the remains in \"such a way that they can never be sold by any one.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not want to go to Philadelphia unless it is absolutely necessary. He recently heard that Mrs. Esther M. Lewis (widow of Lorenzo Lewis) wants to present the harpsichord that was given to Nelly to the MVLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for copy of the inscription on a bust. He realized he had not copied the pencil sketch of the Destruction of the Bastille. Would JAW please have a photograph of it sent to him for an upcoming book on the history of Mount Vernon. Will send a copy of the book to him in September when it is published.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges receipt of $1,000 which completes the payment of $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThe Regent wants JAW to not allow any more sketches to be made of Mount Vernon or the grounds without her consent. Attached is a copy of an advertisement for sale of a portrait of Washington. The Mount Vernon Record gives an account of fund raising to date. Mr. Everett thanks Devereux for sending him a copy of the Farewell Address.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Requests her to send him definite instructions to enable him to prohibit people from making sketches of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells them he has written to the Regent requesting her instructions about the matter they raised with him.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent now feels that it would \"not be practicable for you to refuse privileges hitherto granted\" in the matter of sketches. There is also a newspaper clipping with letters from JAW and the Regent about the sale of Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThey wrote to him on the 14th as the Regent was prostrated. Requests any material he might have about the area in England where Washington's ancestor came from.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of terms under which they ran their steamboat to Mount Vernon. They paid him money with the understanding that he would make repairs to the wharf and footway, under the agreement, but he did not. He ordered his captain to have it done and will retain that money.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses a copy of the previous letter and asks him to advise her as to her response to Mr. Bryan.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham much enjoyed his previous letter and its humor. Hopes he will waive the requisition of 10 days notice before receiving payments. Can give him at least 30 days notice before requiring possession, and hopefully 60 days. She has \"been very much of an invalid for many weeks.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come to Philadelphia around the 10th or 12th so they may consult in regard to the future. They can have the boundary line settled and put many business affairs in order. Miss Cunningham intends to make a payment on the last installment as soon \"as you will receive it.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) He will travel to Philadelphia and meet with her on Wednesday. Will give directions to Messrs. Burke \u0026amp; Herbert for the last installment.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham wants him to arrive on Thursday and then accompany her to hear Mr. Everett in the evening. She and Mr. Everett would then meet with him on Friday.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) He agrees to come to Philadelphia on Thursday and meet as she suggests.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent wants him to \"have the kindness not to speak of the particulars of your interview with her.\" She also requests him to confer with Mr. Herbert, after which Mr. Herbert should meet with Mr. Riggs and let her know the arrangements he would be willing to make. \"This matter she particularly desires should be confidential.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants him to send him the photographs of the Picture of the Bastille and let him know what he owes for this service. Thanks him for his kindness in all this matter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAgain asks for the photograph of the Bastille picture as his book is finished, and he is only waiting for that.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham regrets that he and Mr. Riggs were unable to meet at Mount Vernon to discuss all it is possible to do without annoyance to the family. Would like to commence work on the outbuildings near the garden and to rebuild the roof and pillars of the piazza. Also wants to do work around the Tomb.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Apologizes for delay in responding to his recent letter, but the news of Captain Cunningham's decease has made it impossible for Miss Cunningham to \"think of even the most pressing business.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for sending the photograph and encloses $5. Apologizes for keeping three documents for so long. Wants to return the documents and send him a copy of the book in September. Asks whether he may keep the Pohick elevation as it is in Washington's hand.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDetails work done on various dresses.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs sorry to hear that JAW will be leaving Mount Vernon before Hubard can get there to visit. Wants to know whether Mr. Mills does possess the moulds made by Houdon. Wants to see a cast made from the mould as he is convinced it is a fraud.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eCannot say whether the Richmond statue is accurate but to him the head looks identical to the Mount Vernon bust. Has never heard of the moulds being left at Mount Vernon and does not believe Mr. Mills would have removed anything without his permission.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to clarify his original assertion that he feels Houdon did not use the moulds made from Washington's face as he asserts they are very different from the head of Houdon. Also wants to know whether the table on which Washington lay when the moulds were made is still at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for sending money from the steamboat company for the MVLA.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWill be writing an article for Encyclopedia Britannica and is \"desirous of stating the facts relative to the emancipation of the Genl's slaves.\" Also wants to know whether Mrs. Washington left a will and whether she freed her slaves in it.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWishes to obtain a copy of the inventory of General Washington's estate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMakes assertion that General Washington was sued and judgment rendered against him. Also some northern papers are speculating that he lost his money and had mortgaged the Mount Vernon estate for $400,000. Encloses a copy of the certificate of the appraiser as entered in 1810.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs returning the papers lent to him and sending a copy of his book on Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the use of the papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Reminds her that his request for her lawyer to sift through an abstract of his title to Mount Vernon has not been complied with. This would answer questions raised by anonymous persons which have \"caused you some uneasiness.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMiss Cunningham wants to conclusively prove the falsehood of assertions of the invalidity of his title to the estate. The Clerk of Fairfax County will attest to the truth but wants to see his father's will and evidence of the payment of $6,000 charged to the estate. Looks forward to putting to rest this falsehood.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIs still waiting for the certificate from the Clerk of Fairfax County. That will give the \"lie to any slander of title.\" Is unable to visit due to his duties in the Legislature.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham thanks him for sending the package of papers and hopes to be able to write herself in a few days about other matters.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThanks him for sending the papers. Does not appear from them that \"Mrs. Washington emancipated the dower negroes.\" Requests more information on that point.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSees that Miss Cunningham has published an abstract of title furnished her by the Clerk of Fairfax Court, so imagines she will not require further information. Will soon return the other papers.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Has forwarded to her a package of papers which he recovered, apparently detailing the kinds and locations of trees planted at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells her his lack of response to her letter is due to being away most of the month and having visits from friends, possibly for the last time at Mount Vernon. Pointed out the lines of the old vistas marked by ancient trees. The insurance policies he had were on the house only, not the outbuildings. Recommends she make a new road. Also recommends repairing the wharf.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSends a newspaper copy of an advertisement she placed wishing to obtain a copy of the photograph taken the previous August at the tomb of Washington which included her daughter, now deceased. She would like to know if she could obtain a list of the attendees of that day so she might write and request this as it is the only photograph of her daughter.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the Association still must raise $140,000 to support the Estate which will require extraordinary effort on the part of the Association. Asks her to address visitors at Mount Vernon on the imperative nature of this.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to arrange a \"Grand Ceremonial in connection with the taking of the title\" in order to let people know fund raising is not complete after the purchase. Refers to political turmoil and the impending dissolution of the Union and all the difficulties this will cause. Plans to be at Mount Vernon for 10 days and wants to meet with him to finalize things.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe is fine with executing a deed for the sale of Mount Vernon to the Association and feels there would be no difficulty in the event of his death. He worries about Virginia's seceding from the Union that she might object to selling part of her soil to a corporation composed \"in part of unfriendly foreigners.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham is gratified that he concurs in her proposition and feels her decease would be the most serious difficulty to be apprehended. Wants to meet him at Mount Vernon to place the deed in escrow. Does not feel the possibilities for Virginia he suggested would form a significant barrier.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses an order to Mr. Riggs for steamboat receipts through December 31st. Would be happy to meet her at Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the order on Mr. Bryan for the steamboat receipts. Has been paying insurance which continues until June next and has deducted that from the receipts.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAcknowledges his letter but does not need receipts for premiums of insurance.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eReports that Mr. Herbert only wants to clear the lot of land offered him. Also Mr. Norris has rented out his farm. Turner is not sure where he moved to in Kentucky. Discusses acquisition of material to make shirts for servants.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003e(Typed transcription enclosed) Had not replied to his earlier letter due to excessive fatigue from her journey from Columbia. Hopes to use patriotic influence to get the \"Agent\" to remit or reduce his fee.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTells him of a minister who will be in Alexandria and is looking for a vacant church where he could officiate.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFuneral was conducted at Waveland. There is a description of the body and the family. Invoked the Gospel. JAW began family prayers following the death of his wife. Description of his activities over the following days.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eAsks Mrs. Howard for a biographical sketch of her father (John Augustine Washington III) for the National Cyclopedia of American Biography.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eTwo leaflets advertising the writings of Dr. Lyon G. Tyler.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFull title \"A Confederate catechism: The war of 1861-1865.\" Third edition, November 21, 1929. Series of 20 questions and answers about the war.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eWants to know whether the Ladies will discuss the purchase of the pictures and maps he has been offering. He will offer them elsewhere.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotographic print, cabinet card of a drawing of the east view of the Mansion by unknown artist. Reverse side of card reads \"D.H. Naramore, Photographer, No. 321 King Street, Alexandria, VA.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall engraving probably clipped from a publication. Unknown location or residence shown in image.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHair clippings in envelope with note \"Hair of the late Lawrence Washington - 1856 - Found among articles bequested to MVLA by Miss Cunningham. Miss Comegys, Regent (1923) directs Supt. to send this to the widow of Mr. Lawrence W.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eSmall black and white photographic print showing the gravestone for Lt. Col. John Augustine Washington.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBlack and white photographic print mounted on gray board. Shows Waveland residence with man, two women, and several children visible (unidentified).\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eBoston: Published by Charles Bowen. Front page signed \"Jane C. Washington, Mount Vernon, 1834.\"\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eDiary inscribed \"Account of all my recpts. \u0026amp; expenditures beginning with Sept. 16th, 1841, that being the date at which I came to Mount Vernon to reside.\" There are intermittent entries through November 1859. This is not as full a diary but includes lists of food, clothing, and china, table, and cookware.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIncludes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of undated manuscripts from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1834-1838 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1841-1845 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1846-1849 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1851-1853 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1854-1855 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1856-1857 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (1 of 2)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (2 of 2)\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1859 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003ePhotocopies of manuscripts dated 1860-1861 from the collection.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHandwritten notes probably by a librarian or other Mount Vernon staff member including summaries of the letters within the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and Contents","Scope and 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A large majority of the collection is correspondence to or from John Augustine Washington III with a significant portion relating to the purchase of the estate by the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association. Three diaries kept by John Augustine are also included and contain important information about his slaves, agricultural practices, and finances. Other types of material in the collection include legal documents, receipts, photographs, and ephemera. Photocopies were made for most of the manuscripts and can be viewed as surrogates to the originals. ","Descendants of John Augustine Washington III maintained ownership of these records until 1990 when they were sold to Gary Hendershott, a manuscripts dealer from Little Rock, Arkansas. The Mount Vernon Ladies' Association purchased the collection in October 1990.","Lists signatures and states that all members of Congress would sign if requested.","States they are now the \"best of friends.\" She is angry at people who denigrate his motives. Wants to make known his true nature.","Mrs. Ritchie requests he arrive at the theatre a little after 12:00 so all guests may be seated prior to the rise of the curtain.","She had sent her present of flowers to Mrs. Madison, and they were \"greatfully\" received.","His mother wants help valuing her sheep. Describes one offer for Mount Vernon with great disdain. They want to have entertainments there. He has great respect for \"your manly pride.\"","Apologizes for having intruded too much on his privacy during a recent visit when Mrs. Ritchie and others of the ladies \"took forcible possession of me\" and requested cuttings of flowers. Hopes he will establish a Botanic Garden and suggests a location for a Mausoleum.","Describes her return from Mount Vernon in much rain. Discusses crops. Gives instructions for sending things to her. Asks report of conversation that was \"highly derogatory to me.\" Feels items should be sold to visitors so they will not pilfer mementos.","Urges sale of Mount Vernon to Virginia rather than to a private sale.","Resolution wants to change the site of the Military Asylum to Mount Vernon if a part of the estate can be purchased at a reasonable price.","Introduces some friends who wish to visit Mount Vernon.","Gives family news and an account of a visit by a gentleman who spent the night at Mount Vernon and gave $5 to West Ford. Discusses sale of a slave to his cousin. Has heard of a bill by the federal government to purchase Mount Vernon and wishes it would be accepted. Mentions prices and terms.","Is sending oats and other items to Mount Vernon. Urges him to pursue his studies. Wishes him to send some oysters and sugar.","Sends funds for completing the vault at Mount Vernon and authorizes him to take more money from his bank if necessary.","Thanks him for the many civilities experienced by them during their visit to Mount Vernon. Sends a piece of a branch of a fig tree cut from the birth spot of \"your immortal ancestor.\"","Is against his plans for Mount Vernon and opening it to \"every low idler.\" Discusses payments and what form they would take.","Brief note of regards, translated by J. Perkins.","Heard about people being charged to enter the garden. Wishes he would stop this.","Wants to know price and terms of sale of Mount Vernon. If not for sale, could it be leased. (Contains typed transcript.)","Was glad to hear that Mount Vernon was not for sale as it should remain in the hands of the Washington family. Wishes to \"establish a house of entertainment in the vicinity of Mount Vernon.\" Asks questions as to materials and location of such. (Contains typed transcript.)","Is in the market to purchase negroes as one of his men, Alfred, has run off. Wants to know whether she still wishes to dispose of her negroes and what her price would be. He could pay $500 cash and then pay off the principal in a year or two.","Lists names of executors and legatees and their shares and values.","Tells him of an upcoming visit to Washington and Mount Vernon by a \"highly respectable volunteer corps.\" They wish to arrive by boat and see the tomb of Washington. He understands permission to do so is necessary.","Is worried his health is suffering by his labors at Mount Vernon. Hopes he will accept any reasonable offer by the U.S. Government for it. Went into town to have magistrates witness her acknowledgment of the deed of release. Discusses a suit brought by Judge Douglass and the health of various family members.","Doubts whether an offer will be made by the U.S. Government. Hopes it would as she feels his health is suffering from attending to business at Mount Vernon. Recommends someone to help him acquire an overseer. Was paid money for him. Discusses the failing health of Dr. Alexander's mother and others.","Is horrified to learn of auction of Wood Lawn. Proposes to run a steamboat between Washington to Wood Lawn, Fort Washington, Mount Vernon, and the White House. Gives references. Pledges to bring members of Congress there and feels it would enhance the chances of the purchase of Mount Vernon by the government. Suggests it could be used as a summer home for the President. Discusses various items left by Washington and the soon to be completed Chesapeake \u0026 Ohio Canal. (contains typed transcript)","Tells him of a letter he received from an unknown man who wants to obtain a tree from Mount Vernon to transplant in France to shade the bench of Christopher Columbus which he possesses.","Recommends leaving it to Congress to propose a price for the purchase of Mount Vernon. She feels he wants too much for it, and that it really should not be sold. Gives family news. Gives advice on his search for an overseer.","First letter discusses the Supreme Court taking on the suit of Mr. Hammond against General Washington. Bassett says he discharged all debts owed by Captain Lewis. There is another copy of the names of executors and legatees and their shares and values. Discussions of various debts owed to different people.","Discusses various suits, mostly Hammonds, against the estate and their current status. Many people have died since 1827 when they were last listed. Will take a long time to find people.","Discussion of the Hammond suit and payments still owed to various creditors, to be paid by all the legatees of General Washington's estate. Most dollar figures are left blank to be filled in later. Prompt payment by all legatees is required.","Discusses his father's will and his lack of knowledge of the whereabouts of various other people mentioned in JAW's letter.","Answering his inquiries as to various relatives. Suggests he write to the clerk of Kanawha County for the information he requires. Suggests he contact Andrew Parks who probably has all the facts.","Discusses sale of swamp land. He paid the taxes on it for the Washington heirs. The land is not worth much since the timber had been taken from it by many people over the years. Would like to be reimbursed for the money he paid.","He wishes to meet with him in the middle of November, at which time they can conclude their business.","Discusses the bill in Congress to purchase Mount Vernon. Wants assets divided up between her children so all are taken care of. Tells of Charles' upcoming marriage before he leaves for California.","Discusses the codicil of his father's will. Mrs. Washington is not compelled to sell. Upon her death, the heirs may sell despite the codicil. Suggests Mrs. Washington partition the land before her death in order that JAW may do \"what you please with the land.\"","Invites him to the wedding of his oldest daughter the next week.","Has been in Charlestown attending services for the week. Is amazed at the prospect of $200,000 being paid for Mount Vernon by the government. Wants him to send fish and to pickle some \"Rock.\"","(Typed transcription included) George Page and a surveyor from Maryland wanted to survey land in the Potomac River adjacent to Mount Vernon with the object of bringing steamboats there. Was notified he would be charged with some offense by Maryland. Makes him aware that the compact between the states means they have no claim on him.","First letter – wants to know if Mount Vernon Estate will be sold. Second letter – understands the government might become the owner of the estate and wants to meet.","Wants him to petition the Court to finally settle the estate of General Washington.","First letter – wants to examine Mount Vernon with a view to the establishment of a military asylum for the relief of soldiers. Second letter – tells him the price for Mount Vernon is too high, and purchase of a location nearer Washington will be undertaken.","An account by a boat company of receipts over the past year.","Discusses the landing of boats at Mount Vernon without JAW's previous knowledge. Wants them to be allowed to dock if they pay the usual fare to him.","Acknowledges payment for the pianoforte. Wants four walking sticks cut from near General Washington's tomb to be sent to monks in Italy.","Agreement to sell 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000. Includes all buildings and the tomb, as well as furnishings currently there. Also will allow heirs to be buried there. He may not sell the estate without first offering it to the U.S. Government and the State of Virginia for no more than $350,000.","Has been unable to contact other parties to the contract. Hopes to be able to do so soon.","A committee of the House of Delegates has been appointed to consider the purchase of Mount Vernon. Wants to meet him in Alexandria to discuss this.","Encloses a newspaper clipping about the acquisition of Mount Vernon by the State of Virginia. Tells him the committee of five will look into the will of the people as to this acquisition.","Addressed only to \"Mrs. Washington.\" Unclear whether it is addressed to Mrs. Jane C.B. Washington or Mrs. Eleanor L.S. Washington. (Typed transcription included) Has heard that Mount Vernon is for sale, possibly to northern people. Feels the Ladies of the South might instead procure it and wants to know the price.","Does not wish to part with Mount Vernon but wishes to keep it from the changeable fortunes of a family and to ally it to the State. Would sell 200 acres with stipulations for $200,000. If the State wants to establish a model farm there, he would sell an additional 1,000 acres for $300,000. Invites them to visit.","Discusses his offer to sell Mount Vernon to the state. Says $200,000 is less than the property could sell for on the market. Talks about having a model farm as nothing meant more to Washington than farming. Would welcome them to visit. Reminds them that his terms cannot be materially modified.","(Typed transcription included) Says he is asking less money of the state than he had been offered by others. Tells them of his desire for a model farm as the pursuit of an improved system of agriculture was of great importance to General Washington. Would welcome a visit from them.","Wants to clear up suggestions that he is falsely referring to higher offers for Mount Vernon.","The Committee feels the price for Mount Vernon \"is enormous.\" Would prefer the money to be used for a rail road.","Draft in writing of John Augustine Washington III. Addressed to \"Miss Cunningham\" but could also be a response to Louisa Cunningham's letter instead of Ann Pamela Cunningham. Praises the women of the south for their affection for Washington. Does not wish to dispose of the property except to the government of the United States or Virginia and so declines the proposition from the \"Ladies of the South.\"","Draft thought to be in the writing of Jane C.B. Washington. Identical text to previous letter (draft in the hand of John Augustine Washington III).","Encloses a power of attorney and some other letters. Has agreed to reduction of $50,000 on 1000 acres. Will accept nothing less than $200,000 for the 200 acres. Agrees to pay him 5% of what he gets from either government agency, provided it occurs in the current session.","The state might be willing to pay $50,000 per year for four years for Mount Vernon but not the total of $200,000 at once. Wonders what is happening with the federal government. \"Things are coming to a head rapidly.\"","As long as negotiations with Virginia remain open, it would not be proper for him to entertain any proposals from other parties for the purchase of Mount Vernon. Might be interested in the future in making an offer.","Feels priority should be given to Congress to purchase Mount Vernon, and therefore Virginia is holding off on more committee meetings. Wants him to be there for future committee meetings.","Urges him to meet with Arthur Taylor as his representative in the proposed sale of Mount Vernon. Requests that he not send papers to Col. Bissell before meeting with him.","Has the papers from Mr. Washington and wants to meet with him to discuss the sale of Mount Vernon to the U.S. Government.","Assures him that he has not given the letters from him to Mr. Bissell and has requested Mr. Taylor to come see him.","Encloses the previous letter and hopes they will be able to meet soon. Feels it best to not commit to any course with the U.S. until a definite answer comes from the Virginia Legislature.","Invites him to come to his lodgings at any time at 9 a.m.","Is unable to return to his \"hospitable roof\" at this time. Values the time she was there and having been \"entrusted with the training of such bright intelligences.\"","Reports on his share of earnings from \"Washington's Writings.\" Many copies of the book were destroyed in a fire, but the stereotype and engraved plates were in a fire proof vault.","Feels it is very important for him to communicate with the federal government and is willing to help in any way.","Mr. Taylor shared his letter proposing to bring the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon again before Congress. His terms are already known to him – the same as those agreed to for the State of Virginia.","Wants to bring up the purchase of Mount Vernon in Congress but wants to know just what terms he agreed to with Virginia. Wants the Northern States to purchase it.","Gives terms of sale, including that family members still living may also be buried there. Additional property to total 1000 acres may be purchased for $300,000, for a model farm as suggested by Gen. Washington. Tells him the state of Virginia had proposed the sale for less than he wanted which he refused.","Encloses a copy of the bill reported to the House of Delegates Committee for the purchase of Mount Vernon. He told them it would not meet with JAW's approval. Urges him to move quickly on the Turnpike matter for this session.","Is very desirous of having the State of Virginia take possession of Mount Vernon and \"have the sole control and ownership forever.\" Wants to know what terms he proposes.","Gives him the terms of sale. The Washington family shall be permitted to be buried on the site, and no remains shall ever be disturbed. The price shall be $200,000, with an additional 800 acres available for $100,000 more","Will not accede to propositions of the steamboat company. Will be busy for a few weeks but wants to see a copy of the agreement currently in effect.","Tells him of Mrs. Mason presenting \"a remonstrance against your turnpike.\" Wants access to $250 at Farmers Bank in Alexandria.","Discusses payments based on sales of \"Washington's Writings.\" Tells percentages paid to various legatees.","Discusses quarrelling and squabbling among the ladies purchasing Mount Vernon. Is concerned about security around the remains of George Washington.","Wants him to send a letter to him so he may correct disparaging remarks made about his impending sale of Mount Vernon.","Is writing to her as requested by JAW. Describes a woman mourning her deceased eight-year-old son. Includes a poem about grief and moving on after death of a child.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Mr. Mason very much wants to meet him and getting a letter from JAW that would announce the news of their \"progress.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for the kindness of him and Mrs. Washington on her recent visit to Mount Vernon. Urges him to send a letter to be published about the sale of Mount Vernon before the news is released by someone else.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Assures her he does not care what others say about him and remains hopeful of selling Mount Vernon to the State of Virginia.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Explains the absence of Mr. Toombs when JAW came to see him. Tells him why she is now dealing with Mr. Toombs rather than Mr. Mason.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes to meet him in Washington City as she will be there for a few days during her travel south. Wants a thorough understanding of his wishes and intentions before meeting with the governor of Virginia.","Wants him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter in the National Intelligencer and put the estate under the care of the State of Virginia. (This is a copy of a letter written by Anna's husband.) Second letter, dated March 5, 1857 on same paper: Refers to letter copied out by her. Is certain a sufficient sum will have been raised by February 22 to enable Virginia to purchase Mount Vernon.","Urges him to reconsider his determination as expressed in his letter to the National Intelligencer and consent to place the estate once more at the disposal of Virginia which has an arrangement with the \"Ladies' Mount Vernon Association of the Union.\"","His musical association played a concert on behalf of the \"Ladies Mt. Vernon Association\" at which $100 was raised. The musical group would benefit greatly from receiving this money back if Mr. Washington has no plans to sell to the Ladies Association.","Would love to spend time at Mount Vernon, but his schedule will not allow at this time. His book will be published during the winter and spring, but he doesn't feel a visit would add anything.","He remains willing to place Mount Vernon in the hands of the State of Virginia, under his terms which the state has not seemed to want to meet. The proposal to have Mount Vernon by under the Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union is unacceptable to him. Doubts they could maintain the estate in perpetuity. It would then be taken over by the state.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Identical to previous letter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Responding to his letter to Mr. Ritchie. Urges him to put out that the Ladies are to raise $200,000 on behalf of the State of Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not wish to publish parts of letters. Feels \"nothing but silent contempt can put them at rest.\"","(W.L. Underwood – most likely Warner Lewis Underwood, Kentucky Senator) Tells JAW that if his current negotiations for Mount Vernon should fall through that his organization would be pleased to enter into further discussions.","Again says he wishes Mount Vernon to go to the State of Virginia, to be decided upon by the current session of the General Assembly.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to know who told her that he was \"willing… for a pecuniary consideration to break engagements and promises.\"","The Masonic Brotherhood is interested in purchasing Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the tour the previous day. Apologizes for the bad behavior of one member and hopes that will not prejudice him against the Fraternity.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She met with the governor who told her the \"Extra Session\" of the Legislature was for the \"presidential contest,\" so the Legislature will not be meeting again until the next winter. Realizes this delay is not pleasing to him.","Inquires whether any action has been taken by the Legislature or is likely to be.","Tells him no action has yet been taken by the Legislature but feels sure it will be taken up after the Christmas recess, after which the ladies will be enabled to purchase Mount Vernon and have its title transferred to Virginia.","Discusses various prices for Mount Vernon and quotes JAW as vehemently denying that he wanted the remains of General Washington moved. He wishes the estate to be the property of the United States and all the people.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him she has been very ill but is sure that the Legislature will act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Tells him Gov. Wise is \"inimical to our 'cause'\" which is the reason the Legislature has not taken up the subject of the purchase of Mount Vernon.\" Talks of the financial crisis which is being felt by \"we victimized cotton planters.\" Tells him of the impending sale of copies of a portrait of Washington.","(Typed transcription enclosed) She writes of her illness and lack of strength. The Constitution of the Association was signed by the governor. Tells him various Masonic orders have decided to become allies of the Association. Hopes to have the contract signed between Virginia and him on the 22nd of February.","Invites recipient to the elevation of the Statue of Washington on February 22 in Richmond.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Is looking forward to the inauguration of the Washington statue. Wants him to vow that the Ladies of the Association are the \"very best friends you have in the world.\" Tells him that Gov. Wise is no friend to him or to her and this cause.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has a document that states Virginia will purchase Mount Vernon from him and encloses a copy of the bill. Is sure the governor will act strongly to defeat this. Wants him to attend the address by Mr. Everett a few days before the 22nd of February. Tells him how lucky he is to get $200,000 in \"these awful times.\"","Gives price of sale of $200,000 for 200 acres of the Mount Vernon estate and pledges the MVLA to guarantee to not disturb any remains currently there and to allow descendants of JAW to also be interred there.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Praises him for agreeing that Mount Vernon is to be a public shrine and to limit interments there. Gen. Chapman included that in the third reading of the bill. Discusses the building of a new mausoleum for Washington which would not go against his will. Talks of her illness.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the disposition of family remains, as well as those of General Washington, are his biggest concerns in the sale.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Hopes he is happy about the bill as read in the Legislature. Tells him it is she and not the Committee who wants to arrange for a magnificent mausoleum. Closes by saying she is too exhausted to \"even give a hint of the nature of woman's revenge should you not be in a state of delight over our bill!!!\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Remains adamant as to a future mausoleum as Washington stated where he wished his remains to be. Cannot travel to Richmond at present due to the illness of Mrs. Washington.","(Agreement ends with reference to the 10th of February) Deals with payment of $6,000 to heirs of W.F. Alexander and Anna Alexander as a share of Mount Vernon. Expressly says none of these heirs have any claim to the proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon, other than the $6,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that though Gov. Wise is no friend to the Mount Vernon cause, he did not intend to put his remarks under the head of Lunatic Asylum. It was a complete accident.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses another article by Mr. Pryor who is \"using his art to arouse the fear, \u0026 cupidity of the timid \u0026 narrow minded of this Legislature.\" Asks him about his previous offer from a company to purchase the estate, and that he wanted to wait for Congress to act.","(Typed transcription enclosed) States that his price for Mount Vernon has always been $200,000, since he gained control of it in 1849. Asks whether he ever made an offer for Mount Vernon for $100,000. If so, under whose authority was it made?","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to confirm with him that his offer to sell Mount Vernon as a site for the Military Asylum in 1851 was for $200,000 and not $100,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of a contract with a gentleman to sell him 200 acres of Mount Vernon for $200,000 with the condition that the property should be offered to the U.S. and to Virginia. If neither purchased it, he should take the property. He then offered $50,000 to release him from that obligation, but JAW refused. Says he never has offered it for sale in public or private.","Says he was authorized by JAW to offer Mount Vernon for a Military Asylum for $100,000. Will search for papers to confirm this.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Advises that on March 25, 1851, he made an offer to sell about 150 acres of the Mount Vernon estate for $200,000 for an Army Asylum or some other government purpose.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Labeled as Private. Thanks him for sending a copy of the correspondence of Gen. Scott. Miss C. is intensely engaged in getting past Mr. Pryor's malicious misrepresentation of the Bill. If he can defeat us, he will.","Reiterates that Alexander and his heirs have no claim to any proceeds arising from a sale of Mount Vernon beyond the agreed upon $6,000 and requests him to add a paragraph to that effect to the agreement they will both sign.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her in Richmond, despite his recent fall. Refers to the animosity of Mr. Pryor toward the bill. Wishes there could be an Extra Session for it to pass.","Again states his disagreement with Mr. McKenzie's assertion of his having offered $100,000 for Mount Vernon. No one else knew of such an offer. Gen. Scott agrees with JAW in his recollections. Tells her of a recent fall from a horse which will prevent his visit to Richmond on the 22nd.","Urges him and his family to attend the inauguration of the equestrian statue of Washington on the Capital Square in Richmond. Says he would be pleased to host them at their home near the city.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is uncertain whether he will be able to travel to Richmond and wants her to update him on matters related to the Bill as \"I have not in any manner approached\" any of his friends or acquaintances on the subject. It is important for her to convince members that the association only needs the name of the State which will not be called upon to pay any of the money for the purchase.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham begs him to attend Mr. Everett's oration and hopes to speak to him on the Square tomorrow.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Continues to be unwell. Introduces him to Mr. A.H.H. Dawson of Georgia, \"an eccentric genius.\" He is devoted to the purposes of the Association and has delivered an address about it in 30 towns in Georgia. Urges him to come to Richmond to meet with members of the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is sorry he was unable to call on her before leaving Richmond. Wants clarification about alterations Mr. Yancy thought necessary in the paper he left with her. He wants a decision by the Legislature, yes or no, soon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells him that the Legislature is \"in a row\" and will not pass any bills before an Extra Session. Wants him to bring a contract to her so they are prepared for any contingencies. Tells him of her illness of the lungs and her treatment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reiterates the importance of the sanctity of the family burying ground. Wants to have some alterations and additions of a substantial permanent character made to the present vault, with a durable enclosure around it. He is open to payment in stocks or cash for the estate. Says they should have an act of incorporation before signing a contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gen. Chapman was drawing up an act of incorporation before the bill comes up. He said Virginia must not hold the tomb; the Association must hold it. She remains very ill. \"yrs in much suffering\"","Is preparing a pamphlet to defend JAW against detractors and wants copies of correspondence he had with Gen. Scott and others about possible purchase of Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The bill in Virginia for the purchase of Mount Vernon, to be refunded by the MVLA, was defeated in the House of Delegates. In addition Congress cannot purchase land in a sovereign state without its consent. Tells him it should be the property of the Nation and should be sold to the MVLA. \"With grateful women pledged to guard the sacred ashes of Washington and to adorn his home for a national shrine.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Says it has become obvious that neither Virginia nor the U.S. wish to purchase Mount Vernon. Therefore \"the women of the land will probably be the safest as they will certainly be the purest guardians of a national shrine.\" He waits for her to make a proposal to him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham requests that he answer the letter she gave him relating to the purchase of Mount Vernon and to return it to her. She will give him a copy.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is returning her letter to him as it seemed to be improperly dated and lacked her signature. When she remedies those defects, he will send an answer.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants to meet with him on Saturday morning in Alexandria to sign the contract.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Is very unhappy about delays put forth by Messrs. Macfarland \u0026 Myers. They felt there had to be an acceptance of the contract by all or a majority of the Vice Regents before it could be signed. They can do this by telegraph, permitting Mrs. Ritchie to act for them.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to come without delay. It was thought things would be delayed as Mrs. Walton's husband had died, but now Mr. McFarland advised them to send for him at once. Miss Cunningham is not good and needs to bring matters to a close \"ere it be too late.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come see her that afternoon or evening as Dr. Beale \"considers it necessary to apply a severe blister without delay.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Upon reflection she feels the letter she sent him for publication is not to be published. She does not wish to \"make enemies even in a State which has given me so little cause to respect it.\" Mrs. Ritchie will work on a better worded one which she will send to him.","He deposited money to his credit for the contract and wants to know if this was correct. Tells him the pony he was inquiring about is not for sale. Also felt much concern about the accounts of the fisheries. Looks forward to a visit with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the plat of the 200 acres of land he agreed to sell to the MVLA. Wants him to sign it and return it.","(Typed transcription enclosed) About the plat, he is having the land resurveyed and \"have the necessary corners stones set.\" He will send it back with a signature after that. Also encloses her letter of March 12 and wants a copy of her letter as published with her signature.","Wants to know if George Thorburn may visit Mount Vernon in the 28th of May to inspect the grounds in regards to the improvements to be made. He is \"no doubt the first horticulturist in America\" and a plain, unpolished person. It would be good for JAW's surveyor to meet with Mr. Thorburn to go over the grounds.","He is \"exceedingly provoked\" at the newspaper coverage in connection with the sale of Mount Vernon. As a college friend he felt he had to contact an editor and correct the information. He hopes he did not make the situation worse.","Again requests he host the \"celebrated florist\" at Mount Vernon to look over the grounds before they come to Mount Vernon on the 29th for a few hours.","Agrees to have Mr. Thorburn come and meet with surveyors. Asks if Mr. Thorburn could be appointed the Agent of the Association in drawing up with the surveyors the lines of the 200 acres. He will \"grant any reasonable request of the Association.\" Hopes to see Mr. Ritchie and her while he yet resides at Mount Vernon.","The first attests to receipt of interest on the $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington. \tThe second is for $2,000 as part of the $6,000 owed.","Urges him to reduce the price of Mount Vernon to $150,000 so as to better fund all the expenses associated with its ownership by the MVLA. Tells him to buy land in \"some of the new states\" with that money.","Wants to know what stocks or bonds would be acceptable as part of the purchase price. Gives the current rate of Virginia stock.","Acknowledges his decline to the proposition.","Replying to a previous letter. Cannot answer the questions of Miss Lewis as he does not remember where Col. Fielding Lewis died. Her wishes are an illusion. Wonders if some land in Kentucky is what she is dreaming of. Hopes the Ladies will be able to preserve Mount Vernon after they complete the purchase.","As a new Mason, wants to know if he will amend the contract to state that the property will revert to the United States or the Masonic Fraternity in the event of a dissolution of the MVLA and not to the state of Virginia.","Writes to her cousin about an article in the paper that morning that was a \"vile abolition libel on you.\" Wants to assure her lady friends that it is untrue.","Is involved in illustrating an article about Mount Vernon as it is of interest to the American people. Wants to visit to sketch objects that have not been drawn. The MVLA is in favor of such an article to assist with their fund raising.","Is amazed at the scurrilous attacks made on him by Northern Papers which are calculated to embarrass the Mount Vernon Association.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Thanks him for his letter about the calumnies in some Northern newspapers but has no desire to enter into a controversy with the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants him to tell her of his agreement with Mr. Crutchett of Mount Vernon Cane Factory who was given permission to come and cut trees on the estate. Asks what value he puts on the remainder of the estate contiguous to the 200 acres.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Gives details of his contract with Mr. Crutchett which expired in February 1856. He was permitted to take more trees before January 1857. He has no right to \"come upon the property I have sold the Association to cut timber.\" Has not put a price on the remainder of Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for the hospitality given to him and his sister on their visit to Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham was happy to hear his account of the transactions with Mr. Crutchett. Wants him to come to Philadelphia to confer upon private matters of great importance to the Association and himself. She is equally interested in the final settlement of the boundary lines.","First letter (incomplete) congratulates him on the sale of Mount Vernon. Requests return of portrait of his mother. Second letter thanks him for agreeing to return the portrait. He and his family would very much like to visit Mount Vernon again before it becomes public.","Hopes he can come to Washington to meet with him. Wants Mr. Washington to stay with him to \"pay off the debt of visiting you at Mt. Vernon.\" Miss Cunningham is making arrangements to pay the first bond with interest in December.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Looks forward to making payment of the first installment. Mr. Riggs will pay sums of $5,000 as soon as it is raised. Hopes to be able to pay the remainder of 2d installment on 1st of January 1859. Begs him to keep these matters as a \"profound secret.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to make the first payment on December 14, the anniversary of Washington's death.","Tells him of payment to Burke \u0026 Herbert of $10,000 on that day.","Tells him the box containing the chairs has not yet arrived. He wants to be allowed to pay for the repairs necessary to the chairs. Invites him and his family to visit him in Richmond before they go farther away from it.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to make the first payment on the 1st, but this is a holiday. Urges him not to risk sending the plat executed by Washington himself but to have it be lithographed. Wants to clear up the boundaries. Tells him to keep the discussion of the sale of additional land private.","Wants to gather branches from the estate in order to make canes to sell to aid in the purchase of Mount Vernon.","Their project would require the consent of the Regent of the MVLA.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Confidential) Miss Cunningham is too ill to reply to his last letter. Lets him know his presence might be required on the 22nd but all arrangements must be kept private. The upcoming payment will be about $14,000.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Urges him to accept the money already paid to him (for the \"selling your relations bones.\") He already received more money than the estate was worth. Note on the letter states he ensured his control over the remains in \"such a way that they can never be sold by any one.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Does not want to go to Philadelphia unless it is absolutely necessary. He recently heard that Mrs. Esther M. Lewis (widow of Lorenzo Lewis) wants to present the harpsichord that was given to Nelly to the MVLA.","Thanks him for copy of the inscription on a bust. He realized he had not copied the pencil sketch of the Destruction of the Bastille. Would JAW please have a photograph of it sent to him for an upcoming book on the history of Mount Vernon. Will send a copy of the book to him in September when it is published.","Acknowledges receipt of $1,000 which completes the payment of $6,000 owed to Mrs. Jane Washington.","The Regent wants JAW to not allow any more sketches to be made of Mount Vernon or the grounds without her consent. Attached is a copy of an advertisement for sale of a portrait of Washington. The Mount Vernon Record gives an account of fund raising to date. Mr. Everett thanks Devereux for sending him a copy of the Farewell Address.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Requests her to send him definite instructions to enable him to prohibit people from making sketches of Mount Vernon.","Tells them he has written to the Regent requesting her instructions about the matter they raised with him.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent now feels that it would \"not be practicable for you to refuse privileges hitherto granted\" in the matter of sketches. There is also a newspaper clipping with letters from JAW and the Regent about the sale of Mount Vernon.","They wrote to him on the 14th as the Regent was prostrated. Requests any material he might have about the area in England where Washington's ancestor came from.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her of terms under which they ran their steamboat to Mount Vernon. They paid him money with the understanding that he would make repairs to the wharf and footway, under the agreement, but he did not. He ordered his captain to have it done and will retain that money.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses a copy of the previous letter and asks him to advise her as to her response to Mr. Bryan.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham much enjoyed his previous letter and its humor. Hopes he will waive the requisition of 10 days notice before receiving payments. Can give him at least 30 days notice before requiring possession, and hopefully 60 days. She has \"been very much of an invalid for many weeks.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Wants him to come to Philadelphia around the 10th or 12th so they may consult in regard to the future. They can have the boundary line settled and put many business affairs in order. Miss Cunningham intends to make a payment on the last installment as soon \"as you will receive it.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) He will travel to Philadelphia and meet with her on Wednesday. Will give directions to Messrs. Burke \u0026 Herbert for the last installment.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham wants him to arrive on Thursday and then accompany her to hear Mr. Everett in the evening. She and Mr. Everett would then meet with him on Friday.","(Typed transcription enclosed) He agrees to come to Philadelphia on Thursday and meet as she suggests.","(Typed transcription enclosed) The Regent wants him to \"have the kindness not to speak of the particulars of your interview with her.\" She also requests him to confer with Mr. Herbert, after which Mr. Herbert should meet with Mr. Riggs and let her know the arrangements he would be willing to make. \"This matter she particularly desires should be confidential.\"","Wants him to send him the photographs of the Picture of the Bastille and let him know what he owes for this service. Thanks him for his kindness in all this matter.","Again asks for the photograph of the Bastille picture as his book is finished, and he is only waiting for that.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham regrets that he and Mr. Riggs were unable to meet at Mount Vernon to discuss all it is possible to do without annoyance to the family. Would like to commence work on the outbuildings near the garden and to rebuild the roof and pillars of the piazza. Also wants to do work around the Tomb.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Apologizes for delay in responding to his recent letter, but the news of Captain Cunningham's decease has made it impossible for Miss Cunningham to \"think of even the most pressing business.\"","Thanks him for sending the photograph and encloses $5. Apologizes for keeping three documents for so long. Wants to return the documents and send him a copy of the book in September. Asks whether he may keep the Pohick elevation as it is in Washington's hand.","Details work done on various dresses.","Is sorry to hear that JAW will be leaving Mount Vernon before Hubard can get there to visit. Wants to know whether Mr. Mills does possess the moulds made by Houdon. Wants to see a cast made from the mould as he is convinced it is a fraud.","Cannot say whether the Richmond statue is accurate but to him the head looks identical to the Mount Vernon bust. Has never heard of the moulds being left at Mount Vernon and does not believe Mr. Mills would have removed anything without his permission.","Wants to clarify his original assertion that he feels Houdon did not use the moulds made from Washington's face as he asserts they are very different from the head of Houdon. Also wants to know whether the table on which Washington lay when the moulds were made is still at Mount Vernon.","Thanks him for sending money from the steamboat company for the MVLA.","Will be writing an article for Encyclopedia Britannica and is \"desirous of stating the facts relative to the emancipation of the Genl's slaves.\" Also wants to know whether Mrs. Washington left a will and whether she freed her slaves in it.","Wishes to obtain a copy of the inventory of General Washington's estate.","Makes assertion that General Washington was sued and judgment rendered against him. Also some northern papers are speculating that he lost his money and had mortgaged the Mount Vernon estate for $400,000. Encloses a copy of the certificate of the appraiser as entered in 1810.","Is returning the papers lent to him and sending a copy of his book on Mount Vernon. Thanks him for the use of the papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Reminds her that his request for her lawyer to sift through an abstract of his title to Mount Vernon has not been complied with. This would answer questions raised by anonymous persons which have \"caused you some uneasiness.\"","Miss Cunningham wants to conclusively prove the falsehood of assertions of the invalidity of his title to the estate. The Clerk of Fairfax County will attest to the truth but wants to see his father's will and evidence of the payment of $6,000 charged to the estate. Looks forward to putting to rest this falsehood.","Is still waiting for the certificate from the Clerk of Fairfax County. That will give the \"lie to any slander of title.\" Is unable to visit due to his duties in the Legislature.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham thanks him for sending the package of papers and hopes to be able to write herself in a few days about other matters.","Thanks him for sending the papers. Does not appear from them that \"Mrs. Washington emancipated the dower negroes.\" Requests more information on that point.","Sees that Miss Cunningham has published an abstract of title furnished her by the Clerk of Fairfax Court, so imagines she will not require further information. Will soon return the other papers.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Has forwarded to her a package of papers which he recovered, apparently detailing the kinds and locations of trees planted at Mount Vernon.","Tells her his lack of response to her letter is due to being away most of the month and having visits from friends, possibly for the last time at Mount Vernon. Pointed out the lines of the old vistas marked by ancient trees. The insurance policies he had were on the house only, not the outbuildings. Recommends she make a new road. Also recommends repairing the wharf.","Sends a newspaper copy of an advertisement she placed wishing to obtain a copy of the photograph taken the previous August at the tomb of Washington which included her daughter, now deceased. She would like to know if she could obtain a list of the attendees of that day so she might write and request this as it is the only photograph of her daughter.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Tells her the Association still must raise $140,000 to support the Estate which will require extraordinary effort on the part of the Association. Asks her to address visitors at Mount Vernon on the imperative nature of this.","(Typed transcription enclosed – labeled Private) Wants to arrange a \"Grand Ceremonial in connection with the taking of the title\" in order to let people know fund raising is not complete after the purchase. Refers to political turmoil and the impending dissolution of the Union and all the difficulties this will cause. Plans to be at Mount Vernon for 10 days and wants to meet with him to finalize things.","He is fine with executing a deed for the sale of Mount Vernon to the Association and feels there would be no difficulty in the event of his death. He worries about Virginia's seceding from the Union that she might object to selling part of her soil to a corporation composed \"in part of unfriendly foreigners.\"","(Typed transcription enclosed) Miss Cunningham is gratified that he concurs in her proposition and feels her decease would be the most serious difficulty to be apprehended. Wants to meet him at Mount Vernon to place the deed in escrow. Does not feel the possibilities for Virginia he suggested would form a significant barrier.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses an order to Mr. Riggs for steamboat receipts through December 31st. Would be happy to meet her at Mount Vernon.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Encloses the order on Mr. Bryan for the steamboat receipts. Has been paying insurance which continues until June next and has deducted that from the receipts.","Acknowledges his letter but does not need receipts for premiums of insurance.","Reports that Mr. Herbert only wants to clear the lot of land offered him. Also Mr. Norris has rented out his farm. Turner is not sure where he moved to in Kentucky. Discusses acquisition of material to make shirts for servants.","(Typed transcription enclosed) Had not replied to his earlier letter due to excessive fatigue from her journey from Columbia. Hopes to use patriotic influence to get the \"Agent\" to remit or reduce his fee.","Tells him of a minister who will be in Alexandria and is looking for a vacant church where he could officiate.","Funeral was conducted at Waveland. There is a description of the body and the family. Invoked the Gospel. JAW began family prayers following the death of his wife. Description of his activities over the following days.","Asks Mrs. Howard for a biographical sketch of her father (John Augustine Washington III) for the National Cyclopedia of American Biography.","Two leaflets advertising the writings of Dr. Lyon G. Tyler.","Full title \"A Confederate catechism: The war of 1861-1865.\" Third edition, November 21, 1929. Series of 20 questions and answers about the war.","Wants to know whether the Ladies will discuss the purchase of the pictures and maps he has been offering. He will offer them elsewhere.","Photographic print, cabinet card of a drawing of the east view of the Mansion by unknown artist. Reverse side of card reads \"D.H. Naramore, Photographer, No. 321 King Street, Alexandria, VA.\"","Small engraving probably clipped from a publication. Unknown location or residence shown in image.","Hair clippings in envelope with note \"Hair of the late Lawrence Washington - 1856 - Found among articles bequested to MVLA by Miss Cunningham. Miss Comegys, Regent (1923) directs Supt. to send this to the widow of Mr. Lawrence W.\"","Small black and white photographic print showing the gravestone for Lt. Col. John Augustine Washington.","Black and white photographic print mounted on gray board. Shows Waveland residence with man, two women, and several children visible (unidentified).","Boston: Published by Charles Bowen. Front page signed \"Jane C. Washington, Mount Vernon, 1834.\"","Diary inscribed \"Account of all my recpts. \u0026 expenditures beginning with Sept. 16th, 1841, that being the date at which I came to Mount Vernon to reside.\" There are intermittent entries through November 1859. This is not as full a diary but includes lists of food, clothing, and china, table, and cookware.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details. Loose note at the front reads \"Extracts from the diary of my father\" with notes on this diary and previous ones.","Includes \"List of Negroes\" and Mount Vernon farming and maintenance details.","Photocopies of undated manuscripts from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1834-1838 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1841-1845 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1846-1849 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1851-1853 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1854-1855 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1856-1857 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (1 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1858 from the collection. (2 of 2)","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1859 from the collection.","Photocopies of manuscripts dated 1860-1861 from the collection.","Handwritten notes probably by a librarian or other Mount Vernon staff member including summaries of the letters within the collection."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Cunningham, Ann Pamela, 1816-1875","Ritchie, Anna Cora Mowatt, 1819-1870","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Lossing, Benson John, 1813-1891","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Davis, Henry Winter, 1817-1865","Bassett, George Washington, 1800-1878","Johnson, Joseph, 1785-1877","Corcoran, W.W. 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(William Wilson), 1798-1888","Custis, George Washington Parke, 1781-1857","McKenzie, Lewis, 1810-1895","Cunningham, Louisa Bird, 1794-1873","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Taylor, John L. (John Lampkin), 1805-1870","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, Bushrod C. (Bushrod Corbin), 1839-1919","Tyler, Nathaniel, 1828-1917"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    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