{"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1827","next":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1827\u0026page=2","last":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog.json?f%5Baccess%5D%5B%5D=online\u0026f%5Bdate_range%5D%5B%5D=1827\u0026page=10"},"meta":{"pages":{"current_page":1,"next_page":2,"prev_page":null,"total_pages":10,"limit_value":10,"offset_value":0,"total_count":94,"first_page?":true,"last_page?":false}},"data":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02_c113_c27","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"6 Financial Items of Albert G. Ruffin","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02_c113_c27#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02_c113_c27","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02_c113_c27"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02_c113_c27","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02_c113","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02_c113","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02","viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02_c113"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02","viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02_c113"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas","Series II: Randolph Papers","Miscellaneous \u0026 Financial and Legal"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas","Series II: Randolph Papers","Miscellaneous \u0026 Financial and Legal"],"text":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas","Series II: Randolph Papers","Miscellaneous \u0026 Financial and Legal","6 Financial Items of Albert G. Ruffin","box 6","folder 27"],"title_filing_ssi":"6 Financial Items of Albert G. Ruffin","title_ssm":["6 Financial Items of Albert G. Ruffin"],"title_tesim":["6 Financial Items of Albert G. Ruffin"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1826 - 1827"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1826/1827"],"normalized_title_ssm":["6 Financial Items of Albert G. Ruffin"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":581,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1765-1869, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"digital_objects_ssm":["{\"label\":\"6 Financial Items of Albert G. Ruffin, 1826 - 1827\",\"href\":\"https://iiifman.lib.virginia.edu/pid/tsb:108095\"}"],"date_range_isim":[1826,1827],"containers_ssim":["box 6","folder 27"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#112/components#26","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:41:18.772Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1395.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/147346","title_filing_ssi":"Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas papers","title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"unitdate_ssm":["1765-1869"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1765-1869"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 5533","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1395"],"text":["MSS 5533","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1395","Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The papers are arranged in three series:","Series: I) Wilson Cary Nicholas Papers\nSubseries A: Correspondence (Boxes 1-3)\nSubseries B: Financial, Legal, and Miscellaneous Papers (Boxes 3-4)\nSubseries C: Militia Papers (Box 4)","Series: II) Randolph Family Papers (Boxes 5-6)","Series: III) Drawings, Surveys, etc. (OS Edgehill-Randolph Box).","Wilson Cary Nicholas (January 31, 1761-October 10, 1820) was an American politician who served in the U.S. Senate from 1799 to 1804 and was the Governor of Virginia 1814 to 1816. Nicholas was born in Williamsburg, Virginia where he attended the College of William and Mary. According to Nicholas's entry in the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress , he served in the American Revolutionary War as commander of George Washington's Life Guard until the unit disbanded in 1783. This appears to be an error: his entry in American National Biography states that \"he commanded Virginia volunteer units from the fall of 1780 until the following fall, but there is no evidence that he was actually involved in battlefield action.\" He married Margaret Smith of Baltimore, Maryland, and settled at \"Warren\" in Albemarle County where he became a member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1784-1789 and a delegate to the ratifying convention of 1788 which approved the Federal Constitution.","Robert Carter Nicholas (1728-1780) was the nephew of Wilson Cary Nicholas and the son of Dr. George Nicholas and Elizabeth Carter Burwell Nicholas (widow of Nathaniel Burwell) of Williamsburg, Virginia. His father migrated to Virginia; his mother was the daughter of wealthy Virginia landowner, Robert \"King\" Carter of Corotoman . Born January 28, 1728/9, both parents were dead by 1734. He studied law at the College of William and Mary and practiced in the general court under the royal government. He served in the House of Burgesses, 1755-61 as the representative from York County, and from 1766-1775 as the representative of James City County, and was Treasurer for the colony of Virginia, 1766-1775. He was a member of the Virginia General Assembly from 1776 to 1778 and in 1779 was appointed to the high court of chancery. Nicholas married Anne Cary, daughter of Wilson Cary of Warwick County in 1751 and the couple had four daughters and six sons.","George Nicholas, born in Williamsburg about 1754, was the son of Robert Carter Nicholas, treasurer of Virginia from 1766 to 1776, and a great grandson of Robert \"King\" Carter. He attended the College of William and Mary and became a noted attorney. Nicholas was a lieutenant colonel in the Continental army but spent much of his time in Baltimore and did not participate in any significant engagements. During service in the House of Delegates in 1778-1779, 1781-1782, 1783, and from 1786 to 1788, the last three terms representing Albemarle County, Nicholas became friendly with James Madison. Elected to the Virginia Ratification Convention of 1788, Nicholas followed Madison's lead and spoke in favor of ratification of the proposed new Constitution. Soon after the convention, he moved west to Kentucky, where he had a distinguished career as an attorney, as a leading member of the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1792, and as the first attorney general of the state and professor of law at Transylvania University. Nicholas wrote important letters on western affairs to Madison and to Thomas Jefferson, which George Washington also read, and tried to convince the federal government to increase its military presence in the West to protect settlers from Indian incursions and to secure westerners' access to the Mississippi River. George Nicholas died in Lexington, Kentucky, on July 25, 1799.","Sources:\nRobert Carter Nicholas, Sr. (2009, September 8) In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Retrieved 13:10, October 15, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Robert_Carter_Nicholas,_Sr.\u0026oldid=312497296","Library of Virginia website: http://www.virginiamemory.com/online_classroom/shaping_the_constitution/people/george_nicholas","This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.","This record is made available under a Universal 1.0 Public Domain Dedication Creative Commons license. The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library of the University of Virginia makes its bibliographic records and the metadata contained therein available for public use under the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Designation.","This collection consists of the papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, (commonly called the Edgehill-Randolph Papers) and the Wilson Cary Nicholas papers, ca. 787 items (6 Hollinger boxes, 2.5 linear shelf feet), ca. 1765-1869, and undated.","All items pertaining to Thomas Jefferson have been transferred to the Thomas Jefferson Papers and are described in the online Calendar of the Jefferson Papers of the University of Virginia: Multiple numbers. A search for \"5533\" should find all the Jefferson items formerly in this collection, almost 400 items.","Materials in this collection, which were created in 1765-1869, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 5533","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1395"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Randolph family"],"creator_ssim":["Randolph family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"creators_ssim":["Randolph family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1765-1869, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was originally loaned to the University of Virginia Library Special Collections Department by Mrs. Page Kirk, Miss Olivia Taylor, and Miss Margaret Taylor, \"Lochlyn,\" Charlottesville, Virginia, on January 29, 1957. Shares held by the Misses Margaret and Olivia Taylor were bequeathed to Special Collections on March 25, 1986. The share held by Mrs. Kirk's daughter, Mrs. Mary Mann Moyer, was given to Special Collections on January 5, 1987."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Cubic Feet 6 Hollinger document boxes and one oversize box"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Cubic Feet 6 Hollinger document boxes and one oversize box"],"physfacet_tesim":["about 787 items"],"date_range_isim":[1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in three series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries: I) Wilson Cary Nicholas Papers\nSubseries A: Correspondence (Boxes 1-3)\nSubseries B: Financial, Legal, and Miscellaneous Papers (Boxes 3-4)\nSubseries C: Militia Papers (Box 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries: II) Randolph Family Papers (Boxes 5-6)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries: III) Drawings, Surveys, etc. (OS Edgehill-Randolph Box).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in three series:","Series: I) Wilson Cary Nicholas Papers\nSubseries A: Correspondence (Boxes 1-3)\nSubseries B: Financial, Legal, and Miscellaneous Papers (Boxes 3-4)\nSubseries C: Militia Papers (Box 4)","Series: II) Randolph Family Papers (Boxes 5-6)","Series: III) Drawings, Surveys, etc. (OS Edgehill-Randolph Box)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilson Cary Nicholas (January 31, 1761-October 10, 1820) was an American politician who served in the U.S. Senate from 1799 to 1804 and was the Governor of Virginia 1814 to 1816. Nicholas was born in Williamsburg, Virginia where he attended the College of William and Mary. According to Nicholas's entry in the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress , he served in the American Revolutionary War as commander of George Washington's Life Guard until the unit disbanded in 1783. This appears to be an error: his entry in American National Biography states that \"he commanded Virginia volunteer units from the fall of 1780 until the following fall, but there is no evidence that he was actually involved in battlefield action.\" He married Margaret Smith of Baltimore, Maryland, and settled at \"Warren\" in Albemarle County where he became a member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1784-1789 and a delegate to the ratifying convention of 1788 which approved the Federal Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobert Carter Nicholas (1728-1780) was the nephew of Wilson Cary Nicholas and the son of Dr. George Nicholas and Elizabeth Carter Burwell Nicholas (widow of Nathaniel Burwell) of Williamsburg, Virginia. His father migrated to Virginia; his mother was the daughter of wealthy Virginia landowner, Robert \"King\" Carter of Corotoman . Born January 28, 1728/9, both parents were dead by 1734. He studied law at the College of William and Mary and practiced in the general court under the royal government. He served in the House of Burgesses, 1755-61 as the representative from York County, and from 1766-1775 as the representative of James City County, and was Treasurer for the colony of Virginia, 1766-1775. He was a member of the Virginia General Assembly from 1776 to 1778 and in 1779 was appointed to the high court of chancery. Nicholas married Anne Cary, daughter of Wilson Cary of Warwick County in 1751 and the couple had four daughters and six sons.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Nicholas, born in Williamsburg about 1754, was the son of Robert Carter Nicholas, treasurer of Virginia from 1766 to 1776, and a great grandson of Robert \"King\" Carter. He attended the College of William and Mary and became a noted attorney. Nicholas was a lieutenant colonel in the Continental army but spent much of his time in Baltimore and did not participate in any significant engagements. During service in the House of Delegates in 1778-1779, 1781-1782, 1783, and from 1786 to 1788, the last three terms representing Albemarle County, Nicholas became friendly with James Madison. Elected to the Virginia Ratification Convention of 1788, Nicholas followed Madison's lead and spoke in favor of ratification of the proposed new Constitution. Soon after the convention, he moved west to Kentucky, where he had a distinguished career as an attorney, as a leading member of the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1792, and as the first attorney general of the state and professor of law at Transylvania University. Nicholas wrote important letters on western affairs to Madison and to Thomas Jefferson, which George Washington also read, and tried to convince the federal government to increase its military presence in the West to protect settlers from Indian incursions and to secure westerners' access to the Mississippi River. George Nicholas died in Lexington, Kentucky, on July 25, 1799.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\nRobert Carter Nicholas, Sr. (2009, September 8) In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Retrieved 13:10, October 15, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Robert_Carter_Nicholas,_Sr.\u0026amp;oldid=312497296\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLibrary of Virginia website: http://www.virginiamemory.com/online_classroom/shaping_the_constitution/people/george_nicholas\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wilson Cary Nicholas (January 31, 1761-October 10, 1820) was an American politician who served in the U.S. Senate from 1799 to 1804 and was the Governor of Virginia 1814 to 1816. Nicholas was born in Williamsburg, Virginia where he attended the College of William and Mary. According to Nicholas's entry in the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress , he served in the American Revolutionary War as commander of George Washington's Life Guard until the unit disbanded in 1783. This appears to be an error: his entry in American National Biography states that \"he commanded Virginia volunteer units from the fall of 1780 until the following fall, but there is no evidence that he was actually involved in battlefield action.\" He married Margaret Smith of Baltimore, Maryland, and settled at \"Warren\" in Albemarle County where he became a member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1784-1789 and a delegate to the ratifying convention of 1788 which approved the Federal Constitution.","Robert Carter Nicholas (1728-1780) was the nephew of Wilson Cary Nicholas and the son of Dr. George Nicholas and Elizabeth Carter Burwell Nicholas (widow of Nathaniel Burwell) of Williamsburg, Virginia. His father migrated to Virginia; his mother was the daughter of wealthy Virginia landowner, Robert \"King\" Carter of Corotoman . Born January 28, 1728/9, both parents were dead by 1734. He studied law at the College of William and Mary and practiced in the general court under the royal government. He served in the House of Burgesses, 1755-61 as the representative from York County, and from 1766-1775 as the representative of James City County, and was Treasurer for the colony of Virginia, 1766-1775. He was a member of the Virginia General Assembly from 1776 to 1778 and in 1779 was appointed to the high court of chancery. Nicholas married Anne Cary, daughter of Wilson Cary of Warwick County in 1751 and the couple had four daughters and six sons.","George Nicholas, born in Williamsburg about 1754, was the son of Robert Carter Nicholas, treasurer of Virginia from 1766 to 1776, and a great grandson of Robert \"King\" Carter. He attended the College of William and Mary and became a noted attorney. Nicholas was a lieutenant colonel in the Continental army but spent much of his time in Baltimore and did not participate in any significant engagements. During service in the House of Delegates in 1778-1779, 1781-1782, 1783, and from 1786 to 1788, the last three terms representing Albemarle County, Nicholas became friendly with James Madison. Elected to the Virginia Ratification Convention of 1788, Nicholas followed Madison's lead and spoke in favor of ratification of the proposed new Constitution. Soon after the convention, he moved west to Kentucky, where he had a distinguished career as an attorney, as a leading member of the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1792, and as the first attorney general of the state and professor of law at Transylvania University. Nicholas wrote important letters on western affairs to Madison and to Thomas Jefferson, which George Washington also read, and tried to convince the federal government to increase its military presence in the West to protect settlers from Indian incursions and to secure westerners' access to the Mississippi River. George Nicholas died in Lexington, Kentucky, on July 25, 1799.","Sources:\nRobert Carter Nicholas, Sr. (2009, September 8) In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Retrieved 13:10, October 15, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Robert_Carter_Nicholas,_Sr.\u0026oldid=312497296","Library of Virginia website: http://www.virginiamemory.com/online_classroom/shaping_the_constitution/people/george_nicholas"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFunding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis record is made available under a Universal 1.0 Public Domain Dedication Creative Commons license. The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library of the University of Virginia makes its bibliographic records and the metadata contained therein available for public use under the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Designation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Funding","Metadata Rights Declaration"],"odd_tesim":["This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.","This record is made available under a Universal 1.0 Public Domain Dedication Creative Commons license. The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library of the University of Virginia makes its bibliographic records and the metadata contained therein available for public use under the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Designation."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas, MSS 5533, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas, MSS 5533, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, (commonly called the Edgehill-Randolph Papers) and the Wilson Cary Nicholas papers, ca. 787 items (6 Hollinger boxes, 2.5 linear shelf feet), ca. 1765-1869, and undated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, (commonly called the Edgehill-Randolph Papers) and the Wilson Cary Nicholas papers, ca. 787 items (6 Hollinger boxes, 2.5 linear shelf feet), ca. 1765-1869, and undated."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll items pertaining to Thomas Jefferson have been transferred to the Thomas Jefferson Papers and are described in the online Calendar of the Jefferson Papers of the University of Virginia: Multiple numbers. 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Ruffin's Account Book","box 6","folder 29"],"title_filing_ssi":"Albert G. Ruffin's Account Book","title_ssm":["Albert G. Ruffin's Account Book"],"title_tesim":["Albert G. Ruffin's Account Book"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1826 - 1835"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1826/1835"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Albert G. Ruffin's Account Book"],"component_level_isim":[3],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":583,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1765-1869, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"digital_objects_ssm":["{\"label\":\"Albert G. Ruffin's Account Book, 1826 - 1835\",\"href\":\"https://iiifman.lib.virginia.edu/pid/tsb:108097\"}"],"date_range_isim":[1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835],"containers_ssim":["box 6","folder 29"],"_nest_path_":"/components#1/components#112/components#28","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:41:18.772Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1395","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1395.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/147346","title_filing_ssi":"Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas papers","title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"unitdate_ssm":["1765-1869"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1765-1869"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 5533","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1395"],"text":["MSS 5533","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1395","Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The papers are arranged in three series:","Series: I) Wilson Cary Nicholas Papers\nSubseries A: Correspondence (Boxes 1-3)\nSubseries B: Financial, Legal, and Miscellaneous Papers (Boxes 3-4)\nSubseries C: Militia Papers (Box 4)","Series: II) Randolph Family Papers (Boxes 5-6)","Series: III) Drawings, Surveys, etc. (OS Edgehill-Randolph Box).","Wilson Cary Nicholas (January 31, 1761-October 10, 1820) was an American politician who served in the U.S. Senate from 1799 to 1804 and was the Governor of Virginia 1814 to 1816. Nicholas was born in Williamsburg, Virginia where he attended the College of William and Mary. According to Nicholas's entry in the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress , he served in the American Revolutionary War as commander of George Washington's Life Guard until the unit disbanded in 1783. This appears to be an error: his entry in American National Biography states that \"he commanded Virginia volunteer units from the fall of 1780 until the following fall, but there is no evidence that he was actually involved in battlefield action.\" He married Margaret Smith of Baltimore, Maryland, and settled at \"Warren\" in Albemarle County where he became a member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1784-1789 and a delegate to the ratifying convention of 1788 which approved the Federal Constitution.","Robert Carter Nicholas (1728-1780) was the nephew of Wilson Cary Nicholas and the son of Dr. George Nicholas and Elizabeth Carter Burwell Nicholas (widow of Nathaniel Burwell) of Williamsburg, Virginia. His father migrated to Virginia; his mother was the daughter of wealthy Virginia landowner, Robert \"King\" Carter of Corotoman . Born January 28, 1728/9, both parents were dead by 1734. He studied law at the College of William and Mary and practiced in the general court under the royal government. He served in the House of Burgesses, 1755-61 as the representative from York County, and from 1766-1775 as the representative of James City County, and was Treasurer for the colony of Virginia, 1766-1775. He was a member of the Virginia General Assembly from 1776 to 1778 and in 1779 was appointed to the high court of chancery. Nicholas married Anne Cary, daughter of Wilson Cary of Warwick County in 1751 and the couple had four daughters and six sons.","George Nicholas, born in Williamsburg about 1754, was the son of Robert Carter Nicholas, treasurer of Virginia from 1766 to 1776, and a great grandson of Robert \"King\" Carter. He attended the College of William and Mary and became a noted attorney. Nicholas was a lieutenant colonel in the Continental army but spent much of his time in Baltimore and did not participate in any significant engagements. During service in the House of Delegates in 1778-1779, 1781-1782, 1783, and from 1786 to 1788, the last three terms representing Albemarle County, Nicholas became friendly with James Madison. Elected to the Virginia Ratification Convention of 1788, Nicholas followed Madison's lead and spoke in favor of ratification of the proposed new Constitution. Soon after the convention, he moved west to Kentucky, where he had a distinguished career as an attorney, as a leading member of the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1792, and as the first attorney general of the state and professor of law at Transylvania University. Nicholas wrote important letters on western affairs to Madison and to Thomas Jefferson, which George Washington also read, and tried to convince the federal government to increase its military presence in the West to protect settlers from Indian incursions and to secure westerners' access to the Mississippi River. George Nicholas died in Lexington, Kentucky, on July 25, 1799.","Sources:\nRobert Carter Nicholas, Sr. (2009, September 8) In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Retrieved 13:10, October 15, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Robert_Carter_Nicholas,_Sr.\u0026oldid=312497296","Library of Virginia website: http://www.virginiamemory.com/online_classroom/shaping_the_constitution/people/george_nicholas","This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.","This record is made available under a Universal 1.0 Public Domain Dedication Creative Commons license. The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library of the University of Virginia makes its bibliographic records and the metadata contained therein available for public use under the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Designation.","This collection consists of the papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, (commonly called the Edgehill-Randolph Papers) and the Wilson Cary Nicholas papers, ca. 787 items (6 Hollinger boxes, 2.5 linear shelf feet), ca. 1765-1869, and undated.","All items pertaining to Thomas Jefferson have been transferred to the Thomas Jefferson Papers and are described in the online Calendar of the Jefferson Papers of the University of Virginia: Multiple numbers. A search for \"5533\" should find all the Jefferson items formerly in this collection, almost 400 items.","Materials in this collection, which were created in 1765-1869, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 5533","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1395"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Randolph family"],"creator_ssim":["Randolph family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"creators_ssim":["Randolph family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1765-1869, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"acqinfo_ssim":["This collection was originally loaned to the University of Virginia Library Special Collections Department by Mrs. Page Kirk, Miss Olivia Taylor, and Miss Margaret Taylor, \"Lochlyn,\" Charlottesville, Virginia, on January 29, 1957. Shares held by the Misses Margaret and Olivia Taylor were bequeathed to Special Collections on March 25, 1986. The share held by Mrs. Kirk's daughter, Mrs. Mary Mann Moyer, was given to Special Collections on January 5, 1987."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["2.5 Cubic Feet 6 Hollinger document boxes and one oversize box"],"extent_tesim":["2.5 Cubic Feet 6 Hollinger document boxes and one oversize box"],"physfacet_tesim":["about 787 items"],"date_range_isim":[1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers are arranged in three series:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries: I) Wilson Cary Nicholas Papers\nSubseries A: Correspondence (Boxes 1-3)\nSubseries B: Financial, Legal, and Miscellaneous Papers (Boxes 3-4)\nSubseries C: Militia Papers (Box 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries: II) Randolph Family Papers (Boxes 5-6)\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries: III) Drawings, Surveys, etc. (OS Edgehill-Randolph Box).\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The papers are arranged in three series:","Series: I) Wilson Cary Nicholas Papers\nSubseries A: Correspondence (Boxes 1-3)\nSubseries B: Financial, Legal, and Miscellaneous Papers (Boxes 3-4)\nSubseries C: Militia Papers (Box 4)","Series: II) Randolph Family Papers (Boxes 5-6)","Series: III) Drawings, Surveys, etc. (OS Edgehill-Randolph Box)."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eWilson Cary Nicholas (January 31, 1761-October 10, 1820) was an American politician who served in the U.S. Senate from 1799 to 1804 and was the Governor of Virginia 1814 to 1816. Nicholas was born in Williamsburg, Virginia where he attended the College of William and Mary. According to Nicholas's entry in the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress , he served in the American Revolutionary War as commander of George Washington's Life Guard until the unit disbanded in 1783. This appears to be an error: his entry in American National Biography states that \"he commanded Virginia volunteer units from the fall of 1780 until the following fall, but there is no evidence that he was actually involved in battlefield action.\" He married Margaret Smith of Baltimore, Maryland, and settled at \"Warren\" in Albemarle County where he became a member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1784-1789 and a delegate to the ratifying convention of 1788 which approved the Federal Constitution.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eRobert Carter Nicholas (1728-1780) was the nephew of Wilson Cary Nicholas and the son of Dr. George Nicholas and Elizabeth Carter Burwell Nicholas (widow of Nathaniel Burwell) of Williamsburg, Virginia. His father migrated to Virginia; his mother was the daughter of wealthy Virginia landowner, Robert \"King\" Carter of Corotoman . Born January 28, 1728/9, both parents were dead by 1734. He studied law at the College of William and Mary and practiced in the general court under the royal government. He served in the House of Burgesses, 1755-61 as the representative from York County, and from 1766-1775 as the representative of James City County, and was Treasurer for the colony of Virginia, 1766-1775. He was a member of the Virginia General Assembly from 1776 to 1778 and in 1779 was appointed to the high court of chancery. Nicholas married Anne Cary, daughter of Wilson Cary of Warwick County in 1751 and the couple had four daughters and six sons.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Nicholas, born in Williamsburg about 1754, was the son of Robert Carter Nicholas, treasurer of Virginia from 1766 to 1776, and a great grandson of Robert \"King\" Carter. He attended the College of William and Mary and became a noted attorney. Nicholas was a lieutenant colonel in the Continental army but spent much of his time in Baltimore and did not participate in any significant engagements. During service in the House of Delegates in 1778-1779, 1781-1782, 1783, and from 1786 to 1788, the last three terms representing Albemarle County, Nicholas became friendly with James Madison. Elected to the Virginia Ratification Convention of 1788, Nicholas followed Madison's lead and spoke in favor of ratification of the proposed new Constitution. Soon after the convention, he moved west to Kentucky, where he had a distinguished career as an attorney, as a leading member of the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1792, and as the first attorney general of the state and professor of law at Transylvania University. Nicholas wrote important letters on western affairs to Madison and to Thomas Jefferson, which George Washington also read, and tried to convince the federal government to increase its military presence in the West to protect settlers from Indian incursions and to secure westerners' access to the Mississippi River. George Nicholas died in Lexington, Kentucky, on July 25, 1799.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\nRobert Carter Nicholas, Sr. (2009, September 8) In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Retrieved 13:10, October 15, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Robert_Carter_Nicholas,_Sr.\u0026amp;oldid=312497296\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLibrary of Virginia website: http://www.virginiamemory.com/online_classroom/shaping_the_constitution/people/george_nicholas\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Wilson Cary Nicholas (January 31, 1761-October 10, 1820) was an American politician who served in the U.S. Senate from 1799 to 1804 and was the Governor of Virginia 1814 to 1816. Nicholas was born in Williamsburg, Virginia where he attended the College of William and Mary. According to Nicholas's entry in the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress , he served in the American Revolutionary War as commander of George Washington's Life Guard until the unit disbanded in 1783. This appears to be an error: his entry in American National Biography states that \"he commanded Virginia volunteer units from the fall of 1780 until the following fall, but there is no evidence that he was actually involved in battlefield action.\" He married Margaret Smith of Baltimore, Maryland, and settled at \"Warren\" in Albemarle County where he became a member of the Virginia House of Delegates 1784-1789 and a delegate to the ratifying convention of 1788 which approved the Federal Constitution.","Robert Carter Nicholas (1728-1780) was the nephew of Wilson Cary Nicholas and the son of Dr. George Nicholas and Elizabeth Carter Burwell Nicholas (widow of Nathaniel Burwell) of Williamsburg, Virginia. His father migrated to Virginia; his mother was the daughter of wealthy Virginia landowner, Robert \"King\" Carter of Corotoman . Born January 28, 1728/9, both parents were dead by 1734. He studied law at the College of William and Mary and practiced in the general court under the royal government. He served in the House of Burgesses, 1755-61 as the representative from York County, and from 1766-1775 as the representative of James City County, and was Treasurer for the colony of Virginia, 1766-1775. He was a member of the Virginia General Assembly from 1776 to 1778 and in 1779 was appointed to the high court of chancery. Nicholas married Anne Cary, daughter of Wilson Cary of Warwick County in 1751 and the couple had four daughters and six sons.","George Nicholas, born in Williamsburg about 1754, was the son of Robert Carter Nicholas, treasurer of Virginia from 1766 to 1776, and a great grandson of Robert \"King\" Carter. He attended the College of William and Mary and became a noted attorney. Nicholas was a lieutenant colonel in the Continental army but spent much of his time in Baltimore and did not participate in any significant engagements. During service in the House of Delegates in 1778-1779, 1781-1782, 1783, and from 1786 to 1788, the last three terms representing Albemarle County, Nicholas became friendly with James Madison. Elected to the Virginia Ratification Convention of 1788, Nicholas followed Madison's lead and spoke in favor of ratification of the proposed new Constitution. Soon after the convention, he moved west to Kentucky, where he had a distinguished career as an attorney, as a leading member of the Kentucky Constitutional Convention of 1792, and as the first attorney general of the state and professor of law at Transylvania University. Nicholas wrote important letters on western affairs to Madison and to Thomas Jefferson, which George Washington also read, and tried to convince the federal government to increase its military presence in the West to protect settlers from Indian incursions and to secure westerners' access to the Mississippi River. George Nicholas died in Lexington, Kentucky, on July 25, 1799.","Sources:\nRobert Carter Nicholas, Sr. (2009, September 8) In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Retrieved 13:10, October 15, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php? title=Robert_Carter_Nicholas,_Sr.\u0026oldid=312497296","Library of Virginia website: http://www.virginiamemory.com/online_classroom/shaping_the_constitution/people/george_nicholas"],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFunding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eThis record is made available under a Universal 1.0 Public Domain Dedication Creative Commons license. The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library of the University of Virginia makes its bibliographic records and the metadata contained therein available for public use under the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Designation.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Funding","Metadata Rights Declaration"],"odd_tesim":["This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.","This record is made available under a Universal 1.0 Public Domain Dedication Creative Commons license. The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library of the University of Virginia makes its bibliographic records and the metadata contained therein available for public use under the CC0 1.0 Public Domain Designation."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas, MSS 5533, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas, MSS 5533, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of the papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, (commonly called the Edgehill-Randolph Papers) and the Wilson Cary Nicholas papers, ca. 787 items (6 Hollinger boxes, 2.5 linear shelf feet), ca. 1765-1869, and undated.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of the papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, (commonly called the Edgehill-Randolph Papers) and the Wilson Cary Nicholas papers, ca. 787 items (6 Hollinger boxes, 2.5 linear shelf feet), ca. 1765-1869, and undated."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAll items pertaining to Thomas Jefferson have been transferred to the Thomas Jefferson Papers and are described in the online Calendar of the Jefferson Papers of the University of Virginia: Multiple numbers. A search for \"5533\" should find all the Jefferson items formerly in this collection, almost 400 items.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["All items pertaining to Thomas Jefferson have been transferred to the Thomas Jefferson Papers and are described in the online Calendar of the Jefferson Papers of the University of Virginia: Multiple numbers. A search for \"5533\" should find all the Jefferson items formerly in this collection, almost 400 items."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection, which were created in 1765-1869, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1765-1869, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"names_coll_ssim":["Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family","Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"persname_ssim":["Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":653,"online_item_count_is":646,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:41:18.772Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1395_c02_c113_c29"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1222.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/136685","title_filing_ssi":"Chalmers, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead papers","title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1897"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1897"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222","Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers","United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History","Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence","Fair to good.","The collection is open for research use.","The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. ","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the  Southern Churchmen , an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the  Boston Home Journal , the  New York Tribune , and the  Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. ","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the  Southern Churchmen  also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. ","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. ","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. "," The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the   The Richmond Times Dispatch  dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" ","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) ","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ ","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"places_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Part of this collection was a deposit from Ernest C. Mead on January 5, 1955 which became a gift in 1998, another gift from Ernest C. Mead on January 30, 2007, and in 2020. There was an additional gift from James Blizzard Mead on September 27, 2012 to the Small Special Collections library at the University of Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good."],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["9 legal size document boxes, 2 oversize documents and one oversize account book. (and 3 flat boxes in original collection)."],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026amp; writings\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnder Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOthello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Home Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e, and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Literary Messenger\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA33\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. ","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the  Southern Churchmen , an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the  Boston Home Journal , the  New York Tribune , and the  Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. ","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the  Southern Churchmen  also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e The Richmond Times Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. ","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. ","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. "," The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the   The Richmond Times Dispatch  dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" ","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) ","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ ","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":140,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:47:33.962Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1222","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1222.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/136685","title_filing_ssi":"Chalmers, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead papers","title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1821-1897"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1821-1897"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival 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Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222","Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers","United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History","Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence","Fair to good.","The collection is open for research use.","The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.","Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. ","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the  Southern Churchmen , an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the  Boston Home Journal , the  New York Tribune , and the  Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. ","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the  Southern Churchmen  also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. ","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. ","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. "," The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the   The Richmond Times Dispatch  dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" ","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) ","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ ","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 4966","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1222"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers family papers"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"geogname_ssm":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"geogname_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"places_ssim":["United States History Revolution, 1775-1783 Personal narratives","United States -- History -- Civil War, 1861-1865 -- Personal narratives","women--education -- Virginia","Enslavers","United States -- History -- War of 1812","University of Virginia -- History"],"acqinfo_ssim":["Part of this collection was a deposit from Ernest C. Mead on January 5, 1955 which became a gift in 1998, another gift from Ernest C. Mead on January 30, 2007, and in 2020. There was an additional gift from James Blizzard Mead on September 27, 2012 to the Small Special Collections library at the University of Virginia."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Enslaved laborers","enslaved persons","University of Virginia -- Faculty","letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"physdesc_tesim":["Fair to good."],"extent_ssm":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"extent_tesim":["4.5 Cubic Feet 9 document boxes"],"physfacet_tesim":["9 legal size document boxes, 2 oversize documents and one oversize account book. (and 3 flat boxes in original collection)."],"genreform_ssim":["letters (correspondence)","human hair","University of Virginia--Students--Correspondence"],"date_range_isim":[1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026amp; writings\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnder Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is arranged into fifteen series: 1.William and Sarah Hull papers, 2.Otis Mead Chalmers family correspondence, 3.Anna Maria Mead Chalmers correspondence, 4.Clarke family correspondence, 5. Anna Maria Mead Chalmers business papers, 6. Enslavery, 7. United States Civil War, 8. Financial papers, 9.Diaries and daybooks, 10. Genealogy, 11. Hair collection, 12. Miscellaneous first telegraph of morse code, 13.Photographs 14. Printed items  15.Poetry \u0026 writings","Under Series 1. William and Sarah Hull papers includes letters about  filing a claim in support of General Hull. Information about the claim can also be found throughout the family correspondence in the collection."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOthello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eBoston Home Journal\u003c/emph\u003e, the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eNew York Tribune\u003c/emph\u003e, and the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Literary Messenger\u003c/emph\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003eSouthern Churchmen\u003c/emph\u003e also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eHer grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026amp;pg=PA33\u0026amp;lpg=PA33\u0026amp;dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026amp;source=bl\u0026amp;ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026amp;sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026amp;hl=en\u0026amp;sa=X\u0026amp;ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026amp;q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026amp;f=false\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Othello Tillo Freeman (1) was enslaved by General William Hull before or at the turn of the nineteenth century. He moved with Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hickman (1787-1847), daughter of General William Hull, from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838 and continued to be enslaved by the Mead Chalmers family until his death, which may have been in the 1860's. Sam had escaped from an enslaver in Louisiana and worked on the Hull farm for the last thirty years of his life [1800's to 1830's]. Jordan is described as hired out in a letter from Thomas R. Blair dated September 8, 1841. ","Anna Maria Chalmers was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825) who recollects the memories of Tillo and Sam on her grandparents farm. She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the  Southern Churchmen , an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\") a hospital for children. She wrote articles for the  Boston Home Journal , the  New York Tribune , and the  Southern Literary Messenger","Her mother was Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman and her father was Harris H. Hickman who served as a captain in the War of 1812 and the United States Navy, and died in 1824 in St. Thomas, South America. Her grandparents General William and Sarah Fuller Hull helped raise her in Newton, Massachusetts. She attended William B. Fowle's school in Boston (2) and after her father and grandparents died, she lived with her Uncle Edward and Aunt Maria Campbell, who ran a school in Marietta, Georgia. Her sister Louisa \"Louly\" Hickman Smith was a published poet who died as a young mother aged 21, in 1832 leaving a husband, Samuel Jenks Smith and their two children. ","Anna Maria Mead Chalmers survived three husbands, George Alexander Otis (1803-1831), Zachariah Mead (1800-1840), and David Chalmers (1779?-1875?), and had three sons, living during the American Civil War, George Alexander Otis, Jr. (1830-1881) who was a field surgeon in the Massachusetts 27th volunteers and assistant surgeon general of the army,  William Zachariah Mead, (1838-1864) who fought at Murfreesboro and died fighting for the Tennessee Army in the Confederacy in the Battle of Resaca, Georgia, and Edward C. Mead (1837-1908) who traveled to Australia in search of financial independence with a stint in gold digging, and settled on a farm in Keswick, Virginia.","Anna Maria's first husband, George Otis was a young lawyer who died from consumption one year after their marriage in 1831. Their first and only son was Dr. George Alexander Otis. Zachariah Mead, her second husband was a reverend at the Grace Episcopal Church in Cismont, Virginia, an assistant clergyman at Monumental, Saint James's, and Saint John's Episcopal Churches in Richmond and the editor of the  Southern Churchmen  also in Richmond, Virginia. They had two sons Edward, and William, and a daughter Louisa who died as a child. She married a third time in 1856 to David Chalmers who was a plantation owner in News Ferry, (Halifax) Virginia. He enslaved people, and educated African Americans at his school. The collection does not mention the school by name and no further details were found in the papers.","In 1881, after her son Dr. George Otis died, Mrs. Chalmers moved in with her son Edward Mead on his farm in Keswick. They were close friends with many prominent Charlottesville families including Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page. William Mead attended the University of Virginia and met with many of the University of Virginia's earliest professors including Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe.","Her grandfather, General William Hull was born in Derby, Connecticut in 1753 and moved to Detroit Michigan when his government work which involved the taking of land from indigenous persons led him to become the Governor of the Territory of Michigan and the commander of the Army of the Northwest Territory during the War of 1812. He was appointed by Thomas Jefferson and was a friend of General Lafayette. After being unsuccessful in fighting off the Canadians, (however claiming that the government did not give him the resources to defend Michigan) he was court-martialed by James Madison who later commuted his sentence. (3) He died in 1825 in Newton, Massachusetts. He was married to Sarah Fuller Hull. Their children were Nancy Ann Binney Hickman, Sarah McKesson (1783-1810), Maria Campbell (1788-1845) Abraham Fuller Hull (1786-1814), Rebecca Parker Clarke (1790-1865), Caroline Hull (1793-1824), Julia Knox Wheeler (1799-1842), Eliza McClellan (1784-1864), and Cornelia Page.","Sources:","1. Hurd, D. Hamilton. \"History of Middlesex County Massachusetts with Biographical Sketches of Many of Its Pioneers and Prominent Men\" Volume III. Philadelphia:J. W. Lewis and Company. 1890.\nhttps://books.google.com/books?id=mZU6AQAAIAAJ\u0026pg=PA33\u0026lpg=PA33\u0026dq=othello+%22tillo%22+freeman\u0026source=bl\u0026ots=4_Drct_uRZ\u0026sig=ACfU3U21FUtYLt8aQ7PklsGdRfOnEJ09RQ\u0026hl=en\u0026sa=X\u0026ved=2ahUKEwjRqtK1sYr5AhV0EFkFHRYkAg0Q6AF6BAgdEAM#v=onepage\u0026q=othello%20%22tillo%22%20freeman\u0026f=false","\n2.\tDuval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) From the collection.","\n3.\t\"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. \nhttps://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/"],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["MSS 4966, Anna Maria Hickman Otis Mead Chalmers papers, Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eIn the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLetters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThere is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026amp; Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eWilliam Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eAnna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the \u003cemph render=\"italic\"\u003e The Richmond Times Dispatch\u003c/emph\u003e dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eUnrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eFrom the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSources:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003e\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The papers of Anna Maria (Campbell Hickman) Otis Mead Chalmers (1809-1891) and her family offer a deep look into a 19th century American family with a sharp focus on enslaved and formerly enslaved persons. The collection documents the life of a young, widowed woman, Anna Maria Mead Chalmers, who was the granddaughter of General William Hull (1753-1825). She was a mother of four children and became a businesswoman in Richmond, Virginia. She was a writer, an editor of the Southern Churchmen, an educator and founder of Mrs. Mead's School for Young Ladies, and a director of The Southern Churchmen Cot (\"Retreat for the Sick\"), a hospital for children. Anna Maria's family enslaved people who are represented in the papers including Othello \"Tillo\" Freeman (1790's-1860's?). It includes a letter from William written in [1875], who was their carriage driver, and letters about Sam the fiddler, who settled on the farm after escaping harsher enslavement in Louisianna, and Jordan who was described as being hired out in a letter dated September 8, 1841 from Thomas R. Blair.","In the correspondence of the Mead-Chalmers family, are letters describing Othello Tillo Freeman. There is also a will of Nancy \"Ann\" Binney Hull Hickman (1787-1847), mother of Anna Maria Chalmers, that left a stipulation providing room and board for Tillo. ","Letters also show that the family inquired about slave laws for travelling so that they could bring Tillo with them when they moved from Newton, Massachusetts to Richmond, Virginia in 1838. The family is characterized as being kind to enslaved persons by providing for them and educating them however this description does not take into consideration that they never had the opportunities that existed for free white men. ","There is also a leather-bound account book with the first names of enslaved persons.  It is not clear who owns the book or the location of the enslaved persons, but it has an extensive list of first names and dates from 1767 to 1845. Also included in the account book are records for horses and business transactions. "," The letters from William C. Mead (son of Anna Maria Chalmers) and his friends and family describe skirmishes and battles in the Civil War including Murfreesboro, Tennessee and Resaca, Georgia. Included in the collection are letters about succession and anxiety about the conflict between the states. Also included is a carte de visite of Lieutenant William Mead, n.d.; a testimony to the gallantry of William L. Mead signed by J.E.B. Stuart; an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy; a map of Chattanooga \u0026 Environs November 15, 1863; a notice that William Z. Mead has been appointed 1st Lieutenant, 1st Battalion Sharp Shooters; a pass allowing Mrs. Anna Maria Chambers to cross the lines with a hat box and carpet bag; and a memorandum sent to General Joseph Wheeler, concerning  personal items taken from the body of Lieutenant William Mead following his death at Resaca, Georgia in 1864.","William Mead graduated from the University of Virginia in 1857 before the Civil War began. The collection has many references to Charlottesville and the University of Virginia, including comments about university professors Basil L. Gildersleeve, Gessner Harrison, Socrates Maupin, John Minor, Schele De Vere, James L. Cabell, Frederick George Holmes, and Alfred T. Bledsoe. Charlottesville families include Peter and Frances (\"Fannie\") Meriwether, Frances Poindexter, Rector, and Mrs. Ebenezer Boyd, William Cabell Rives, Franklin Minor, Thomas Walker Gilmer and Elizabeth Anderson Gilmer, and Dr. Mann Page.","Anna Maria Otis Mead Chalmers was extraordinary in having been as well educated as any man in Boston (1) and was able to share her knowledge with other privileged young white girls through her school, including Amélie Rives Troubetzkoy, the famous writer.The collection includes examination questions,correspondence about the school and a newspaper article in the   The Richmond Times Dispatch  dated August 10, 1913 describing Mrs. Mead Chalmers. There are also handwritten poems, short stories, and miscellaneous writings in the collection, including an essay on \"Virginia Before and After the Civil War.\" ","The collection also includes correspondence from Anna Maria Mead Chalmer's cousins, Samuel Clarke,James Freeman Clarke (1810-1888) and his sister, Sarah Ann Freeman Clarke (1808-1896). Sarah Clarke was a landscape artist, a world traveler, and a member of the transcendentalist movement.(2) James Clarke was an American theologian, author, and abolitionist.(3) Mrs. Mead Chalmers and her cousins were friends with literary authors including Edgar Allan Poe, Nathaniel P. Willis, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oliver Wendell Holmes.The letters refer to these individuals but there is no correspondence with them.","Unrelated to anything else in the collection, is a miscellaneous item which is a specimen of the first telegraphic writing made on the first telegraph in this country by Professor Morse in 1847.","\nAlso of interest in the collection are letters about General William Hull (1753-1825) who fought in the American Revolutionary War and the War of 1812. His work with the government involved taking land from indigenous persons. In the end, he was charged by the government of not properly defending Detroit in the War of 1812, but President James Madison commuted his sentence.(4) For years, the family and descendants refuted the charges and filed a claim to receive his backpay. In contrast to General Hull's work with the government, is a newspaper clipping of a sermon by Bishop Henry Benjamin Whipple (1822-1901) printed in 1876 which displays Whipple's outrage at the United States government for taking lands from indigenous persons.","From the taking away of the  lands of indigenous persons, to enslavement of African Americans, to a widowed woman trying to earn a living in the nineteenth century, with history about the War of 1812 and the American Civil War, as well as politics, religion, transcendentalism, local Charlottesville history and professors at the University of Virginia, this is a collection of letters rich in history that shows the inner workings of government, society, and people and its effects on everyday life. Collections like these help us to envision our collective past and broaden our perspective on our history and our future. This one is worth a deep dive into the history of the nineteenth century locally and nationally.","Sources:","1. Duval, Maria Pendleton. \"The Lengthened Shadow of a Woman\" Richmond Times Dispatch. August 10, 1913 (Description of Anna Maria Mead Chalmers education in William B. Fowle's school as being the best in Boston and Mrs Chalmer's school as being up to the standards of Harvard) ","2. Maas, Judith. \"Sarah Freeman Clarke: Artist, Traveler, Diarist\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. November 21, 2019  \nhttps://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2019/11/sarah-freeman-clarke-artist-traveler-diarist/ ","3.\"James Freeman Clarke.\" Wikipedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Freeman_Clarke","\n4. \"William Hull\" Detroit Historical Society. Detroit Encyclopedia. Accessed June 7, 2022. https://detroithistorical.org/learn/encyclopedia-of-detroit/hull-william","\nOther articles of interest \nMartin, Susan. \"The Unstoppable Anna Maria Mead Chalmers\" The Beehive. Massachusetts Historical Society. June 7, 2022. https://www.masshist.org/beehiveblog/2015/03/the-unstoppable-anna-maria-mead-chalmers/"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":140,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:47:33.962Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1222"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c383","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Autograph Document Signed (ADS) An Exhibition of the Debts and Resources of the University of Virginia on the 1st January 1827","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c383#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c383","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c383"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c383","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"text":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill","Autograph Document Signed (ADS) An Exhibition of the Debts and Resources of the University of Virginia on the 1st January 1827","box 6","folder 1"],"title_filing_ssi":"Autograph Document Signed (ADS) An Exhibition of the Debts and Resources of the University of Virginia on the 1st January 1827","title_ssm":["Autograph Document Signed (ADS) An Exhibition of the Debts and Resources of the University of Virginia on the 1st January 1827"],"title_tesim":["Autograph Document Signed (ADS) An Exhibition of the Debts and Resources of the University of Virginia on the 1st January 1827"],"unitdate_other_ssim":["1827-01-01"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1827"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Autograph Document Signed (ADS) An Exhibition of the Debts and Resources of the University of Virginia on the 1st January 1827"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":383,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"digital_objects_ssm":["{\"label\":\"Autograph Document Signed (ADS) An Exhibition of the Debts and Resources of the University of Virginia on the 1st January 1827, 1827-01-01\",\"href\":\"https://iiifman.lib.virginia.edu/pid/tsb:106236\"}"],"date_range_isim":[1827],"containers_ssim":["box 6","folder 1"],"_nest_path_":"/components#382","timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:52:58.057Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/UVA/repositories_3_resources_1426.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"https://archives.lib.virginia.edu/ark:/59853/147344","title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"unitdate_ssm":["1732-1860"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1732-1860"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426"],"text":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426","Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill","Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia","The collection is open for research use.","The materials are arranged chronologically. Oversized items are listed at the end of the inventory.","The Randolph familiy of Virginia began with William Randolph, who emigrated from Warwickshire, England between 1669 and 1673. He was the great-grandfather of Thomas Jefferson. ","Martha Jefferson Randolph (eldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson) married her third cousin, Thomas Mann Randolph in 1790. Together they had eleven children, whom Martha educated at home. Martha was known for her keen intellect and would often assist her father with his affairs. Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.","Edgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.","Source: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023.","This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.","The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533).","The collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present.","Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required.","Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family","English"],"unitid_tesim":["MSS 1397","Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","Previous Archival Resource Key","/repositories/3/resources/1426"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"collection_title_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"repository_ssm":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"creator_ssm":["Randolph family"],"creator_ssim":["Randolph family"],"creator_famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"creators_ssim":["Randolph family"],"access_terms_ssm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia"],"access_subjects_ssm":["Slavery--United States -- Virginia","African Americans -- Virginia"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["5.4 Cubic Feet 11 Hollinger document boxes and one oversize box"],"extent_tesim":["5.4 Cubic Feet 11 Hollinger document boxes and one oversize box"],"date_range_isim":[1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is open for research use.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["The collection is open for research use."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe materials are arranged chronologically. Oversized items are listed at the end of the inventory.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The materials are arranged chronologically. Oversized items are listed at the end of the inventory."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Randolph familiy of Virginia began with William Randolph, who emigrated from Warwickshire, England between 1669 and 1673. He was the great-grandfather of Thomas Jefferson. \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMartha Jefferson Randolph (eldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson) married her third cousin, Thomas Mann Randolph in 1790. Together they had eleven children, whom Martha educated at home. Martha was known for her keen intellect and would often assist her father with his affairs. Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEdgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSource: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Historical Note"],"bioghist_tesim":["The Randolph familiy of Virginia began with William Randolph, who emigrated from Warwickshire, England between 1669 and 1673. He was the great-grandfather of Thomas Jefferson. ","Martha Jefferson Randolph (eldest daughter of Thomas Jefferson) married her third cousin, Thomas Mann Randolph in 1790. Together they had eleven children, whom Martha educated at home. Martha was known for her keen intellect and would often assist her father with his affairs. Thomas became a botanist and served as a Virginia delegate, senator, governor, and congressman.","Edgehill was Martha and Thomas' Virginia plantation, and later the chief residence of their eldest son, Thomas Jefferson Randolph. Martha and Thomas inherited the land from Thomas' father and built their first home there in 1799. A second, larger house was built in 1828. The family also operated a girls' school on the plantation, called \"Edgehill School\" from 1836 to 1896.","Source: Thomas Jefferson Encyclopedia. monticello.org. Accessed 13 January 2023."],"odd_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFunding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Funding"],"odd_tesim":["This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"names_coll_ssim":["Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1011,"online_item_count_is":1004,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:52:58.057Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c383"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Beebe collection of Washington family papers","abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_20.xml","title_ssm":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"title_tesim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1818-1861","1840-1850"],"unitdate_bulk_ssim":["1840-1850"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1818-1861"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.710","/repositories/3/resources/20"],"text":["RM.710","/repositories/3/resources/20","Beebe collection of Washington family papers","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end.","John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.","Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.","Louisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington.","Related materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection.","This collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. A.","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863 -- Portrait","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.710","/repositories/3/resources/20"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":[".5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLouisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.","Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.","Louisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Beebe Collection of Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Beebe Collection of Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. 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Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end.","John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.","Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.","Louisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington.","Related materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection.","This collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. A.","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863 -- Portrait","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.710","/repositories/3/resources/20"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Beebe collection of Washington family papers"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":[".5 Linear Feet"],"extent_tesim":[".5 Linear Feet"],"date_range_isim":[1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized in date order with undated letters at the end."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eJohn Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eJane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eEleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLouisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["John Augustine Washington III was the great-grand nephew of George Washington and the last private owner of Mount Vernon. He was born on May 3, 1821 to John Augustine Washington II and Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington. His young childhood was spent at Blakeley Plantation near Charles Town, WV. After the death of Bushrod Washington and his wife, the family moved to Mount Vernon. He graduated from the University of Virginia in 1840 and returned to Mount Vernon to manage it for his mother, eventually inheriting it. However, he had to start encouraging tourism to make money. He tried to sell to the federal or state governments but finally sold Mount Vernon to the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association in 1858 for $200,000. The family moved to Waveland plantation. Shortly after, he enlisted in the Confederate Army and served as an aid-de-camp to General Lee and was killed on September 13, 1861.","Jane Charlotte Blackburn Washington was the mother of John Augustine Washington III. When she died in 1855, she left Mount Vernon to her son.","Eleanor Love Selden Washington was the wife of John Augustine Washington III.","Louisa Washington was the daughter of John Augustine Washington III and Eleanor Washington."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Beebe Collection of Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Beebe Collection of Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eRelated materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Related materials can be found in the John Augustine Washington III Family Papers and the Historic Manuscripts Collection."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection includes correspondence between John Augustine Washington III and his mother and wife, as well as other family members, mostly dealing with family matters and running Mount Vernon."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. A.","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863 -- Portrait"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"names_coll_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, John Augustine, III, 1821-1861","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Chew, Louisa Fontaine Washington, 1844-1927","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Herbert, Noblet","Washington, Eleanor Love Selden, 1824-1860","Lloyd, E. A.","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863 -- Portrait"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":42,"online_item_count_is":17,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:41:25.942Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_20"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Bushrod Washington family papers","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThe Bushrod Washington Family Papers consist of documents gathered by the descendants of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The collection comprises an assortment of correspondence and legal documents documenting the lives and property ownership of several branches of the Washington family. The collection is organized into five series: Correspondence, Legal Documents, Social, Miscellaneous, and Indenture Notices (Land Deeds).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_44.xml","title_ssm":["Bushrod Washington family papers"],"title_tesim":["Bushrod Washington family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1662-1835"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1662-1835"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.1174"],"text":["RM.1174","Bushrod Washington family papers","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is organized in the following series and subseries:","Series 1. Correspondence (Arranged alphabetically by creator's last name then chronologically, with undated materials listed last.) ","Series 2. Legal Documents (Six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other)\n","Series 3. Social","Series 4. Miscellaneous","Series 5. Indenture Notices (Land Deeds)","Bushrod Washington (1762-1829): Bushrod was the son of Hannah Bushrod and John Augustine Washington, the younger brother of George Washington. Upon the death of Martha Washington, Bushrod inherited the Mount Vernon estate. A graduate of the College of William and Mary, Bushrod served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. He was joined on the Supreme Court by his long-time friend, John Marshall. Justices Washington and Marshall  met while attending law lectures given by George Wythe at the College of William and Mary. Bushrod and his wife, Julia Ann Blackburn, had no children, but raised three of their nephews. One nephew, John Augustine Washington II (1789-1832), inherited Mount Vernon from Bushrod.","Purchased by the A. Alfred Taubman Acquisition Endowment Fund, 2011.","Additional manuscripts related to Bushrod Washington and his family can be found in the George Washington Collection, Martha Washington Collection, Historic Manuscript Collection, Elswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers, and Potomac Navigation Company Records.","The Bushrod Washington Family Papers consist of documents gathered by the descendants of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The collection comprises an assortment of correspondence and legal documents documenting the lives and property ownership of several branches of the Washington family. The collection is organized into five series: Correspondence, Legal Documents, Social, Miscellaneous, and Indenture Notices (Land Deeds).","The Correspondence series, circa 1780-1835, contains letters mostly written to Bushrod Washington, executor of George Washington's estate and inheritor of Mount Vernon. While some were written by friends of Bushrod Washington, most are from his brother and his many nieces and nephews.","Of the letters not written to Bushrod Washington, the largest portion were written by Bushrod Corbin Washington, his wife Anna Maria, and their daughter Hannah to their son, Cadet Thomas Washington, who was stationed in Middletown, Connecticut. Most often, when one of the three would pen a letter, the other two would add a quick greeting in whatever space remained. Among the famous Virginians with whom Bushrod Washington corresponded are Richard Channing Moore, George Spotswood, and George Wythe.\nAll of the letters are in alphabetical order by the last name of the correspondent, with undated materials at the end.","Legal Documents, 1719-1835, contains six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other. Issues arising after the death of a family member can be found in the Estate Matters subseries. The estate of George Washington was perhaps the most disputed, with legal proceedings occurring thirty years following his death. Loans and sales of property are the focus of the Financial Agreements subseries. At least two family members were involved with land disputes over the years. The Land Disputes subseries records the disputes of Richard Bushrod and John Augustine Washington. Surveys, or Plats, were the primary tool for settling such disputes and can be found in the next subseries. The Wills of several family members provide data regarding the families' possessions. This subseries contains wills written by ten family members. In addition to household items and distribution of land, these wills also dictate the owners' desires regarding who would inherit slaves. Four other documents, not closely resembling any of the other legal pieces comprise their own subseries. When possible, all of the Legal Documents are listed in alphabetical order by the last name of the creator.","Bushrod Washington, a well-respected Judge, was active in affairs aside from running his family estate. Evidence of these can be found in the Social series, 1816-1829. The American Bible Society and the Bunker Hill Monument Association were among the organizations in which Judge Washington was involved.","A formula for cement, mailed to the President of the United States, Mount Vernon, and recipes highlight the Miscellaneous series, 1795 and undated.","Some of the oldest material in the collection is found in the Indenture Notices (Land Deeds) series, 1662-1814. These documents relate the history of land ownership among the Bushrod and Washington families, as well as several of their neighbors and associates. While technically legal documents, the size of several of the deeds precludes their being stored alongside the papers of the Legal Documents series. Arranged chronologically, the Indenture Notices specify all the details of the transaction, including the amount of land, location, and purchase price.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Caldwell, Charles, 1772-1853","Duvall, Gabriel, 1752-1844","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Mason, John, 1766-1849","Moore, Richard Channing, 1762-1841","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Stockton, Richard, 1764-1828","Story, Joseph, 1779-1845","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Wythe, George, 1726-1806","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Lee, Ludwell, 1760-1836","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","McPherson, William, 1751?-1813","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Herbert, Noblet","Rumsey, James, 1743?-1792","Pendleton, Edmund, 1721-1803","Bushrod, John, 1662-1719","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Mercer, James, 1736-1793","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.1174"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bushrod Washington family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bushrod Washington family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Bushrod Washington family papers"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 Linear Feet (4 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 Linear Feet (4 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized in the following series and subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence (Arranged alphabetically by creator's last name then chronologically, with undated materials listed last.) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2. Legal Documents (Six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other)\n\u003cbl\u003e\u003c/bl\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3. Social\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4. Miscellaneous\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5. Indenture Notices (Land Deeds)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized in the following series and subseries:","Series 1. Correspondence (Arranged alphabetically by creator's last name then chronologically, with undated materials listed last.) ","Series 2. Legal Documents (Six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other)\n","Series 3. Social","Series 4. Miscellaneous","Series 5. Indenture Notices (Land Deeds)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBushrod Washington (1762-1829): Bushrod was the son of Hannah Bushrod and John Augustine Washington, the younger brother of George Washington. Upon the death of Martha Washington, Bushrod inherited the Mount Vernon estate. A graduate of the College of William and Mary, Bushrod served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. He was joined on the Supreme Court by his long-time friend, John Marshall. Justices Washington and Marshall  met while attending law lectures given by George Wythe at the College of William and Mary. Bushrod and his wife, Julia Ann Blackburn, had no children, but raised three of their nephews. One nephew, John Augustine Washington II (1789-1832), inherited Mount Vernon from Bushrod.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Bushrod Washington (1762-1829): Bushrod was the son of Hannah Bushrod and John Augustine Washington, the younger brother of George Washington. Upon the death of Martha Washington, Bushrod inherited the Mount Vernon estate. A graduate of the College of William and Mary, Bushrod served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. He was joined on the Supreme Court by his long-time friend, John Marshall. Justices Washington and Marshall  met while attending law lectures given by George Wythe at the College of William and Mary. Bushrod and his wife, Julia Ann Blackburn, had no children, but raised three of their nephews. One nephew, John Augustine Washington II (1789-1832), inherited Mount Vernon from Bushrod."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePurchased by the A. Alfred Taubman Acquisition Endowment Fund, 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Purchased by the A. Alfred Taubman Acquisition Endowment Fund, 2011."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Bushrod Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Bushrod Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional manuscripts related to Bushrod Washington and his family can be found in the George Washington Collection, Martha Washington Collection, Historic Manuscript Collection, Elswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers, and Potomac Navigation Company Records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional manuscripts related to Bushrod Washington and his family can be found in the George Washington Collection, Martha Washington Collection, Historic Manuscript Collection, Elswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers, and Potomac Navigation Company Records."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bushrod Washington Family Papers consist of documents gathered by the descendants of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The collection comprises an assortment of correspondence and legal documents documenting the lives and property ownership of several branches of the Washington family. The collection is organized into five series: Correspondence, Legal Documents, Social, Miscellaneous, and Indenture Notices (Land Deeds).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Correspondence series, circa 1780-1835, contains letters mostly written to Bushrod Washington, executor of George Washington's estate and inheritor of Mount Vernon. While some were written by friends of Bushrod Washington, most are from his brother and his many nieces and nephews.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf the letters not written to Bushrod Washington, the largest portion were written by Bushrod Corbin Washington, his wife Anna Maria, and their daughter Hannah to their son, Cadet Thomas Washington, who was stationed in Middletown, Connecticut. Most often, when one of the three would pen a letter, the other two would add a quick greeting in whatever space remained. Among the famous Virginians with whom Bushrod Washington corresponded are Richard Channing Moore, George Spotswood, and George Wythe.\nAll of the letters are in alphabetical order by the last name of the correspondent, with undated materials at the end.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLegal Documents, 1719-1835, contains six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other. Issues arising after the death of a family member can be found in the Estate Matters subseries. The estate of George Washington was perhaps the most disputed, with legal proceedings occurring thirty years following his death. Loans and sales of property are the focus of the Financial Agreements subseries. At least two family members were involved with land disputes over the years. The Land Disputes subseries records the disputes of Richard Bushrod and John Augustine Washington. Surveys, or Plats, were the primary tool for settling such disputes and can be found in the next subseries. The Wills of several family members provide data regarding the families' possessions. This subseries contains wills written by ten family members. In addition to household items and distribution of land, these wills also dictate the owners' desires regarding who would inherit slaves. Four other documents, not closely resembling any of the other legal pieces comprise their own subseries. When possible, all of the Legal Documents are listed in alphabetical order by the last name of the creator.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBushrod Washington, a well-respected Judge, was active in affairs aside from running his family estate. Evidence of these can be found in the Social series, 1816-1829. The American Bible Society and the Bunker Hill Monument Association were among the organizations in which Judge Washington was involved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA formula for cement, mailed to the President of the United States, Mount Vernon, and recipes highlight the Miscellaneous series, 1795 and undated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome of the oldest material in the collection is found in the Indenture Notices (Land Deeds) series, 1662-1814. These documents relate the history of land ownership among the Bushrod and Washington families, as well as several of their neighbors and associates. While technically legal documents, the size of several of the deeds precludes their being stored alongside the papers of the Legal Documents series. Arranged chronologically, the Indenture Notices specify all the details of the transaction, including the amount of land, location, and purchase price.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Bushrod Washington Family Papers consist of documents gathered by the descendants of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The collection comprises an assortment of correspondence and legal documents documenting the lives and property ownership of several branches of the Washington family. The collection is organized into five series: Correspondence, Legal Documents, Social, Miscellaneous, and Indenture Notices (Land Deeds).","The Correspondence series, circa 1780-1835, contains letters mostly written to Bushrod Washington, executor of George Washington's estate and inheritor of Mount Vernon. While some were written by friends of Bushrod Washington, most are from his brother and his many nieces and nephews.","Of the letters not written to Bushrod Washington, the largest portion were written by Bushrod Corbin Washington, his wife Anna Maria, and their daughter Hannah to their son, Cadet Thomas Washington, who was stationed in Middletown, Connecticut. Most often, when one of the three would pen a letter, the other two would add a quick greeting in whatever space remained. Among the famous Virginians with whom Bushrod Washington corresponded are Richard Channing Moore, George Spotswood, and George Wythe.\nAll of the letters are in alphabetical order by the last name of the correspondent, with undated materials at the end.","Legal Documents, 1719-1835, contains six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other. Issues arising after the death of a family member can be found in the Estate Matters subseries. The estate of George Washington was perhaps the most disputed, with legal proceedings occurring thirty years following his death. Loans and sales of property are the focus of the Financial Agreements subseries. At least two family members were involved with land disputes over the years. The Land Disputes subseries records the disputes of Richard Bushrod and John Augustine Washington. Surveys, or Plats, were the primary tool for settling such disputes and can be found in the next subseries. The Wills of several family members provide data regarding the families' possessions. This subseries contains wills written by ten family members. In addition to household items and distribution of land, these wills also dictate the owners' desires regarding who would inherit slaves. Four other documents, not closely resembling any of the other legal pieces comprise their own subseries. When possible, all of the Legal Documents are listed in alphabetical order by the last name of the creator.","Bushrod Washington, a well-respected Judge, was active in affairs aside from running his family estate. Evidence of these can be found in the Social series, 1816-1829. The American Bible Society and the Bunker Hill Monument Association were among the organizations in which Judge Washington was involved.","A formula for cement, mailed to the President of the United States, Mount Vernon, and recipes highlight the Miscellaneous series, 1795 and undated.","Some of the oldest material in the collection is found in the Indenture Notices (Land Deeds) series, 1662-1814. These documents relate the history of land ownership among the Bushrod and Washington families, as well as several of their neighbors and associates. While technically legal documents, the size of several of the deeds precludes their being stored alongside the papers of the Legal Documents series. Arranged chronologically, the Indenture Notices specify all the details of the transaction, including the amount of land, location, and purchase price."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Caldwell, Charles, 1772-1853","Duvall, Gabriel, 1752-1844","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Mason, John, 1766-1849","Moore, Richard Channing, 1762-1841","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Stockton, Richard, 1764-1828","Story, Joseph, 1779-1845","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Wythe, George, 1726-1806","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Lee, Ludwell, 1760-1836","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","McPherson, William, 1751?-1813","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Herbert, Noblet","Rumsey, James, 1743?-1792","Pendleton, Edmund, 1721-1803","Bushrod, John, 1662-1719","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Mercer, James, 1736-1793","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Caldwell, Charles, 1772-1853","Duvall, Gabriel, 1752-1844","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Mason, John, 1766-1849","Moore, Richard Channing, 1762-1841","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Stockton, Richard, 1764-1828","Story, Joseph, 1779-1845","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Wythe, George, 1726-1806","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Lee, Ludwell, 1760-1836","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","McPherson, William, 1751?-1813","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Herbert, Noblet","Rumsey, James, 1743?-1792","Pendleton, Edmund, 1721-1803","Bushrod, John, 1662-1719","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Mercer, James, 1736-1793","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":266,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:41:25.942Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_44.xml","title_ssm":["Bushrod Washington family papers"],"title_tesim":["Bushrod Washington family papers"],"unitdate_ssm":["1662-1835"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1662-1835"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.1174"],"text":["RM.1174","Bushrod Washington family papers","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is organized in the following series and subseries:","Series 1. Correspondence (Arranged alphabetically by creator's last name then chronologically, with undated materials listed last.) ","Series 2. Legal Documents (Six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other)\n","Series 3. Social","Series 4. Miscellaneous","Series 5. Indenture Notices (Land Deeds)","Bushrod Washington (1762-1829): Bushrod was the son of Hannah Bushrod and John Augustine Washington, the younger brother of George Washington. Upon the death of Martha Washington, Bushrod inherited the Mount Vernon estate. A graduate of the College of William and Mary, Bushrod served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. He was joined on the Supreme Court by his long-time friend, John Marshall. Justices Washington and Marshall  met while attending law lectures given by George Wythe at the College of William and Mary. Bushrod and his wife, Julia Ann Blackburn, had no children, but raised three of their nephews. One nephew, John Augustine Washington II (1789-1832), inherited Mount Vernon from Bushrod.","Purchased by the A. Alfred Taubman Acquisition Endowment Fund, 2011.","Additional manuscripts related to Bushrod Washington and his family can be found in the George Washington Collection, Martha Washington Collection, Historic Manuscript Collection, Elswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers, and Potomac Navigation Company Records.","The Bushrod Washington Family Papers consist of documents gathered by the descendants of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The collection comprises an assortment of correspondence and legal documents documenting the lives and property ownership of several branches of the Washington family. The collection is organized into five series: Correspondence, Legal Documents, Social, Miscellaneous, and Indenture Notices (Land Deeds).","The Correspondence series, circa 1780-1835, contains letters mostly written to Bushrod Washington, executor of George Washington's estate and inheritor of Mount Vernon. While some were written by friends of Bushrod Washington, most are from his brother and his many nieces and nephews.","Of the letters not written to Bushrod Washington, the largest portion were written by Bushrod Corbin Washington, his wife Anna Maria, and their daughter Hannah to their son, Cadet Thomas Washington, who was stationed in Middletown, Connecticut. Most often, when one of the three would pen a letter, the other two would add a quick greeting in whatever space remained. Among the famous Virginians with whom Bushrod Washington corresponded are Richard Channing Moore, George Spotswood, and George Wythe.\nAll of the letters are in alphabetical order by the last name of the correspondent, with undated materials at the end.","Legal Documents, 1719-1835, contains six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other. Issues arising after the death of a family member can be found in the Estate Matters subseries. The estate of George Washington was perhaps the most disputed, with legal proceedings occurring thirty years following his death. Loans and sales of property are the focus of the Financial Agreements subseries. At least two family members were involved with land disputes over the years. The Land Disputes subseries records the disputes of Richard Bushrod and John Augustine Washington. Surveys, or Plats, were the primary tool for settling such disputes and can be found in the next subseries. The Wills of several family members provide data regarding the families' possessions. This subseries contains wills written by ten family members. In addition to household items and distribution of land, these wills also dictate the owners' desires regarding who would inherit slaves. Four other documents, not closely resembling any of the other legal pieces comprise their own subseries. When possible, all of the Legal Documents are listed in alphabetical order by the last name of the creator.","Bushrod Washington, a well-respected Judge, was active in affairs aside from running his family estate. Evidence of these can be found in the Social series, 1816-1829. The American Bible Society and the Bunker Hill Monument Association were among the organizations in which Judge Washington was involved.","A formula for cement, mailed to the President of the United States, Mount Vernon, and recipes highlight the Miscellaneous series, 1795 and undated.","Some of the oldest material in the collection is found in the Indenture Notices (Land Deeds) series, 1662-1814. These documents relate the history of land ownership among the Bushrod and Washington families, as well as several of their neighbors and associates. While technically legal documents, the size of several of the deeds precludes their being stored alongside the papers of the Legal Documents series. Arranged chronologically, the Indenture Notices specify all the details of the transaction, including the amount of land, location, and purchase price.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Caldwell, Charles, 1772-1853","Duvall, Gabriel, 1752-1844","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Mason, John, 1766-1849","Moore, Richard Channing, 1762-1841","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Stockton, Richard, 1764-1828","Story, Joseph, 1779-1845","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Wythe, George, 1726-1806","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Lee, Ludwell, 1760-1836","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","McPherson, William, 1751?-1813","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Herbert, Noblet","Rumsey, James, 1743?-1792","Pendleton, Edmund, 1721-1803","Bushrod, John, 1662-1719","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Mercer, James, 1736-1793","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789","English \n.    "],"unitid_tesim":["RM.1174"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Bushrod Washington family papers"],"collection_title_tesim":["Bushrod Washington family papers"],"collection_ssim":["Bushrod Washington family papers"],"repository_ssm":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"repository_ssim":["The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"creator_ssm":["Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854"],"creator_ssim":["Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854"],"creators_ssim":["Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["1.5 Linear Feet (4 boxes)"],"extent_tesim":["1.5 Linear Feet (4 boxes)"],"date_range_isim":[1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is organized in the following series and subseries:\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 1. Correspondence (Arranged alphabetically by creator's last name then chronologically, with undated materials listed last.) \u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 2. Legal Documents (Six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other)\n\u003cbl\u003e\u003c/bl\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 3. Social\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 4. Miscellaneous\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSeries 5. Indenture Notices (Land Deeds)\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is organized in the following series and subseries:","Series 1. Correspondence (Arranged alphabetically by creator's last name then chronologically, with undated materials listed last.) ","Series 2. Legal Documents (Six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other)\n","Series 3. Social","Series 4. Miscellaneous","Series 5. Indenture Notices (Land Deeds)"],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eBushrod Washington (1762-1829): Bushrod was the son of Hannah Bushrod and John Augustine Washington, the younger brother of George Washington. Upon the death of Martha Washington, Bushrod inherited the Mount Vernon estate. A graduate of the College of William and Mary, Bushrod served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. He was joined on the Supreme Court by his long-time friend, John Marshall. Justices Washington and Marshall  met while attending law lectures given by George Wythe at the College of William and Mary. Bushrod and his wife, Julia Ann Blackburn, had no children, but raised three of their nephews. One nephew, John Augustine Washington II (1789-1832), inherited Mount Vernon from Bushrod.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Bushrod Washington (1762-1829): Bushrod was the son of Hannah Bushrod and John Augustine Washington, the younger brother of George Washington. Upon the death of Martha Washington, Bushrod inherited the Mount Vernon estate. A graduate of the College of William and Mary, Bushrod served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. He was joined on the Supreme Court by his long-time friend, John Marshall. Justices Washington and Marshall  met while attending law lectures given by George Wythe at the College of William and Mary. Bushrod and his wife, Julia Ann Blackburn, had no children, but raised three of their nephews. One nephew, John Augustine Washington II (1789-1832), inherited Mount Vernon from Bushrod."],"custodhist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePurchased by the A. Alfred Taubman Acquisition Endowment Fund, 2011.\u003c/p\u003e"],"custodhist_heading_ssm":["Custodial History"],"custodhist_tesim":["Purchased by the A. Alfred Taubman Acquisition Endowment Fund, 2011."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Bushrod Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Bushrod Washington family papers, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eAdditional manuscripts related to Bushrod Washington and his family can be found in the George Washington Collection, Martha Washington Collection, Historic Manuscript Collection, Elswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers, and Potomac Navigation Company Records.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Additional manuscripts related to Bushrod Washington and his family can be found in the George Washington Collection, Martha Washington Collection, Historic Manuscript Collection, Elswyth Thane Beebe Collection of Washington Family Papers, and Potomac Navigation Company Records."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Bushrod Washington Family Papers consist of documents gathered by the descendants of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The collection comprises an assortment of correspondence and legal documents documenting the lives and property ownership of several branches of the Washington family. The collection is organized into five series: Correspondence, Legal Documents, Social, Miscellaneous, and Indenture Notices (Land Deeds).\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eThe Correspondence series, circa 1780-1835, contains letters mostly written to Bushrod Washington, executor of George Washington's estate and inheritor of Mount Vernon. While some were written by friends of Bushrod Washington, most are from his brother and his many nieces and nephews.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eOf the letters not written to Bushrod Washington, the largest portion were written by Bushrod Corbin Washington, his wife Anna Maria, and their daughter Hannah to their son, Cadet Thomas Washington, who was stationed in Middletown, Connecticut. Most often, when one of the three would pen a letter, the other two would add a quick greeting in whatever space remained. Among the famous Virginians with whom Bushrod Washington corresponded are Richard Channing Moore, George Spotswood, and George Wythe.\nAll of the letters are in alphabetical order by the last name of the correspondent, with undated materials at the end.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eLegal Documents, 1719-1835, contains six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other. Issues arising after the death of a family member can be found in the Estate Matters subseries. The estate of George Washington was perhaps the most disputed, with legal proceedings occurring thirty years following his death. Loans and sales of property are the focus of the Financial Agreements subseries. At least two family members were involved with land disputes over the years. The Land Disputes subseries records the disputes of Richard Bushrod and John Augustine Washington. Surveys, or Plats, were the primary tool for settling such disputes and can be found in the next subseries. The Wills of several family members provide data regarding the families' possessions. This subseries contains wills written by ten family members. In addition to household items and distribution of land, these wills also dictate the owners' desires regarding who would inherit slaves. Four other documents, not closely resembling any of the other legal pieces comprise their own subseries. When possible, all of the Legal Documents are listed in alphabetical order by the last name of the creator.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eBushrod Washington, a well-respected Judge, was active in affairs aside from running his family estate. Evidence of these can be found in the Social series, 1816-1829. The American Bible Society and the Bunker Hill Monument Association were among the organizations in which Judge Washington was involved.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eA formula for cement, mailed to the President of the United States, Mount Vernon, and recipes highlight the Miscellaneous series, 1795 and undated.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eSome of the oldest material in the collection is found in the Indenture Notices (Land Deeds) series, 1662-1814. These documents relate the history of land ownership among the Bushrod and Washington families, as well as several of their neighbors and associates. While technically legal documents, the size of several of the deeds precludes their being stored alongside the papers of the Legal Documents series. Arranged chronologically, the Indenture Notices specify all the details of the transaction, including the amount of land, location, and purchase price.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Content Description"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The Bushrod Washington Family Papers consist of documents gathered by the descendants of the first President of the United States, George Washington. The collection comprises an assortment of correspondence and legal documents documenting the lives and property ownership of several branches of the Washington family. The collection is organized into five series: Correspondence, Legal Documents, Social, Miscellaneous, and Indenture Notices (Land Deeds).","The Correspondence series, circa 1780-1835, contains letters mostly written to Bushrod Washington, executor of George Washington's estate and inheritor of Mount Vernon. While some were written by friends of Bushrod Washington, most are from his brother and his many nieces and nephews.","Of the letters not written to Bushrod Washington, the largest portion were written by Bushrod Corbin Washington, his wife Anna Maria, and their daughter Hannah to their son, Cadet Thomas Washington, who was stationed in Middletown, Connecticut. Most often, when one of the three would pen a letter, the other two would add a quick greeting in whatever space remained. Among the famous Virginians with whom Bushrod Washington corresponded are Richard Channing Moore, George Spotswood, and George Wythe.\nAll of the letters are in alphabetical order by the last name of the correspondent, with undated materials at the end.","Legal Documents, 1719-1835, contains six subseries: Estate Matters, Financial Agreements, Land Disputes, Plats, Wills, and Other. Issues arising after the death of a family member can be found in the Estate Matters subseries. The estate of George Washington was perhaps the most disputed, with legal proceedings occurring thirty years following his death. Loans and sales of property are the focus of the Financial Agreements subseries. At least two family members were involved with land disputes over the years. The Land Disputes subseries records the disputes of Richard Bushrod and John Augustine Washington. Surveys, or Plats, were the primary tool for settling such disputes and can be found in the next subseries. The Wills of several family members provide data regarding the families' possessions. This subseries contains wills written by ten family members. In addition to household items and distribution of land, these wills also dictate the owners' desires regarding who would inherit slaves. Four other documents, not closely resembling any of the other legal pieces comprise their own subseries. When possible, all of the Legal Documents are listed in alphabetical order by the last name of the creator.","Bushrod Washington, a well-respected Judge, was active in affairs aside from running his family estate. Evidence of these can be found in the Social series, 1816-1829. The American Bible Society and the Bunker Hill Monument Association were among the organizations in which Judge Washington was involved.","A formula for cement, mailed to the President of the United States, Mount Vernon, and recipes highlight the Miscellaneous series, 1795 and undated.","Some of the oldest material in the collection is found in the Indenture Notices (Land Deeds) series, 1662-1814. These documents relate the history of land ownership among the Bushrod and Washington families, as well as several of their neighbors and associates. While technically legal documents, the size of several of the deeds precludes their being stored alongside the papers of the Legal Documents series. Arranged chronologically, the Indenture Notices specify all the details of the transaction, including the amount of land, location, and purchase price."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Caldwell, Charles, 1772-1853","Duvall, Gabriel, 1752-1844","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Mason, John, 1766-1849","Moore, Richard Channing, 1762-1841","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Stockton, Richard, 1764-1828","Story, Joseph, 1779-1845","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Wythe, George, 1726-1806","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Lee, Ludwell, 1760-1836","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","McPherson, William, 1751?-1813","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Herbert, Noblet","Rumsey, James, 1743?-1792","Pendleton, Edmund, 1721-1803","Bushrod, John, 1662-1719","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Mercer, James, 1736-1793","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Washington, Bushrod, 1762-1829","Alexander, Hannah Lee Washington, 1811-1881","Hamilton, Elizabeth Schuyler, 1757-1854","Peters, Richard, 1744-1828","Washington, Anna Maria Thomasina Blackburn, 1790-1833","Washington, Bushrod, 1785-1830","Washington, Bushrod Corbin, 1790-1851","Washington, Corbin, 1764-1799","Washington, Hannah Bushrod, approximately 1738-1804","Washington, Jane Charlotte Blackburn, 1786-1855","Washington, John Augustine, 1736-1787","Washington, Thomas Blackburn, 1812-1854","Marshall, John, 1755-1835","Caldwell, Charles, 1772-1853","Duvall, Gabriel, 1752-1844","Hamilton, Alexander, 1757-1804","Lee, Edmund Jennings, 1772-1843","Mason, John, 1766-1849","Moore, Richard Channing, 1762-1841","Sparks, Jared, 1789-1866","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Stockton, Richard, 1764-1828","Story, Joseph, 1779-1845","Delaplaine, Joseph, 1777-1824","Hamilton, James A. (James Alexander), 1788-1878","Washington, George Augustine, approximately 1759-1793","Washington, Lund, 1737-1796","Wythe, George, 1726-1806","Washington, Lawrence, 1718-1752","Washington, Charles, 1738-1799","Washington, John Augustine, 1789-1832","Lee, Ludwell, 1760-1836","Lewis, Robert, 1769-1829","Lee, Richard Henry, 1794-1865","Lewis, Lawrence, 1767-1839","Lee, Henry, 1756-1818","McPherson, William, 1751?-1813","Herbert, Bushrod Washington, -1888","Washington, George Corbin, 1789-1854","Herbert, Noblet","Rumsey, James, 1743?-1792","Pendleton, Edmund, 1721-1803","Bushrod, John, 1662-1719","Ford, West, approximately 1784-1863","Washington, George Steptoe, 1771-1809","Mercer, James, 1736-1793","Everett, Edward, 1794-1865","Powel, Elizabeth Willing, 1743-1830","Washington, Mary Ball, 1708-1789"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":266,"online_item_count_is":1,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:41:25.942Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_44"}},{"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c261","type":"Item","attributes":{"title":"Cary Anne [Smith] to Jane [Hollins Randolph]","breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c261#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"ref_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c261","ref_ssm":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c261"],"id":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c261","ead_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_root_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","_nest_parent_":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","parent_ssi":"viu_repositories_3_resources_1426","parent_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426"],"parent_ids_ssim":["viu_repositories_3_resources_1426"],"parent_unittitles_ssm":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"parent_unittitles_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"text":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill","Cary Anne [Smith] to Jane [Hollins Randolph]","box 4","folder 31"],"title_filing_ssi":"Cary Anne [Smith] to Jane [Hollins Randolph]","title_ssm":["Cary Anne [Smith] to Jane [Hollins Randolph]"],"title_tesim":["Cary Anne [Smith] to Jane [Hollins Randolph]"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["circa 1820 - 1830"],"normalized_date_ssm":["1820/1830"],"normalized_title_ssm":["Cary Anne [Smith] to Jane [Hollins Randolph]"],"component_level_isim":[1],"repository_ssim":["University of Virginia, Special Collections Dept."],"collection_ssim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill"],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"child_component_count_isi":0,"level_ssm":["Item"],"level_ssim":["Item"],"sort_isi":261,"parent_access_restrict_tesm":["The collection is open for research use."],"parent_access_terms_tesm":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. 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Taylor, III."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. 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The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eFunding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III.\u003c/p\u003e"],"odd_heading_ssm":["Content Warning","Funding"],"odd_tesim":["This collection contains material which discusses enslavement and may contain racist language. The purpose of this note is to give users the opportunity to decide whether they need or want to view these materials, or at least, to mentally or emotionally prepare themselves to view the materials.","Funding for enhanced description and digitization of this collection was graciously provided by John C.R. Taylor, III."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003ePapers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill, MSS 1397, Special Collections, University of Virginia Library, Charlottesville, VA."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533).\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library also holds the Papers of the Randolph Family of Edgehill and Wilson Cary Nicholas (MS 5533)."],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present.\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Content"],"scopecontent_tesim":["The collection primarily contains correspondence of the Randolph family and Nicholas family. Several land title records are also present."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eMaterials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["Materials in this collection, which were created in 1732-1860, are in the public domain. Permission to publish or reproduce is not required."],"names_coll_ssim":["Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"names_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)","Randolph family"],"corpname_ssim":["Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library","Edgehill (Albemarle County, Va. : Estate)"],"famname_ssim":["Randolph family"],"language_ssim":["English"],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":1011,"online_item_count_is":1004,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-04-30T22:52:58.057Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/viu_repositories_3_resources_1426_c427"}},{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_71","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"Chapin collection of Washington \u0026 Custis family documents","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_71#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_71#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of papers inherited and collected by Washington family descendants. 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This collection is an example of that effort; much of which was at auction in 1927 (Anderson Galleries, sale 2201, 28-29 November 1927).\u003c/p\u003e","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_71#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_71","ead_ssi":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_71","_root_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_71","_nest_parent_":"vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_71","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/oai/MV/repositories_3_resources_71.xml","title_ssm":["Chapin collection of Washington \u0026 Custis family documents"],"title_tesim":["Chapin collection of Washington \u0026 Custis family documents"],"unitdate_ssm":["1758-1829"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1758-1829"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["RM.1201.RM.1202","/repositories/3/resources/71"],"text":["RM.1201.RM.1202","/repositories/3/resources/71","Chapin collection of Washington \u0026 Custis family documents","This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.","The collection is divided into two series: Legal and Financial, and Correspondence. The folders are arranged in chronological order within each series. The undated material is listed at the end of the series, in alphabetical order by folder title.","Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.","Martha Washington (1731-1802): Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.","George Washington (1732-1799): George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799.","Esther Maria Lewis Chapin Collection of Washington Family Documents ;\nGeorge Washington Collection ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers","This collection consists of papers inherited and collected by Washington family descendants. Many were purchased in 1927 at auction to reunite Washington family correspondence. The collection includes correspondence, financial documents and legal documents that relate primarily to the Custis and Lewis families, but include other items related to Virginia history. Charles and Peter Chapin, the previous owners of this collection, descended from Eleanor Parke Custis and Lawrence Lewis through Esther Maria Lewis and Charles Chapin. This collection was originally assembled by Esther Maria Lewis Chapin who inherited some of the Washington/Custis papers, but was also an avid collector and brought back together family items that were being dispersed nationwide. This collection is an example of that effort; much of which was at auction in 1927 (Anderson Galleries, sale 2201, 28-29 November 1927).","One title, The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, 1634. Transferred to Rare Books Collection.","Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Scott, John Morin, 1730-1784","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Rittenhouse, David, 1732-1796","Jacks, James, active 1781-","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Costin, William, 1780?-1842","English \n.    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Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Conditions Governing Access"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["This collection is open for research during scheduled appointments. Researchers must complete the Washington Library's Special Collections and Archives Registration Form before access is provided. The library reserves the right to restrict access to certain items for preservation purposes."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThe collection is divided into two series: Legal and Financial, and Correspondence. The folders are arranged in chronological order within each series. The undated material is listed at the end of the series, in alphabetical order by folder title.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into two series: Legal and Financial, and Correspondence. The folders are arranged in chronological order within each series. The undated material is listed at the end of the series, in alphabetical order by folder title."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMartha Washington (1731-1802): Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Washington (1732-1799): George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.","Martha Washington (1731-1802): Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.","George Washington (1732-1799): George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Chapin Collection of Washington \u0026amp; Custis family documents, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Chapin Collection of Washington \u0026 Custis family documents, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEsther Maria Lewis Chapin Collection of Washington Family Documents ;\nGeorge Washington Collection ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Esther Maria Lewis Chapin Collection of Washington Family Documents ;\nGeorge Washington Collection ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of papers inherited and collected by Washington family descendants. Many were purchased in 1927 at auction to reunite Washington family correspondence. The collection includes correspondence, financial documents and legal documents that relate primarily to the Custis and Lewis families, but include other items related to Virginia history. Charles and Peter Chapin, the previous owners of this collection, descended from Eleanor Parke Custis and Lawrence Lewis through Esther Maria Lewis and Charles Chapin. This collection was originally assembled by Esther Maria Lewis Chapin who inherited some of the Washington/Custis papers, but was also an avid collector and brought back together family items that were being dispersed nationwide. This collection is an example of that effort; much of which was at auction in 1927 (Anderson Galleries, sale 2201, 28-29 November 1927).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of papers inherited and collected by Washington family descendants. Many were purchased in 1927 at auction to reunite Washington family correspondence. The collection includes correspondence, financial documents and legal documents that relate primarily to the Custis and Lewis families, but include other items related to Virginia history. Charles and Peter Chapin, the previous owners of this collection, descended from Eleanor Parke Custis and Lawrence Lewis through Esther Maria Lewis and Charles Chapin. This collection was originally assembled by Esther Maria Lewis Chapin who inherited some of the Washington/Custis papers, but was also an avid collector and brought back together family items that were being dispersed nationwide. This collection is an example of that effort; much of which was at auction in 1927 (Anderson Galleries, sale 2201, 28-29 November 1927)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne title, The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, 1634. Transferred to Rare Books Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["One title, The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, 1634. 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Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.","Martha Washington (1731-1802): Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.","George Washington (1732-1799): George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. 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The undated material is listed at the end of the series, in alphabetical order by folder title.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["The collection is divided into two series: Legal and Financial, and Correspondence. The folders are arranged in chronological order within each series. The undated material is listed at the end of the series, in alphabetical order by folder title."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eMartha Washington (1731-1802): Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.\u003c/p\u003e\n","\u003cp\u003eGeorge Washington (1732-1799): George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical / Historical"],"bioghist_tesim":["Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis (1779-1852): Eleanor was born on March 31, 1779. She was the youngest granddaughter of Martha Washington and the step-granddaughter of George Washington. After her father John Parke Custis' death in 1781 and her mother, Eleanor Calvert Custis' marriage to Dr. David Stuart, Eleanor and her brother George Washington Parke Custis began living with the Washingtons. In 1799, Eleanor married Washington's nephew, Lawrence Lewis. Of their eight children, only one son and three daughters lived to maturity. Eleanor and Lawrence remained at Mount Vernon until Martha Washington's death in 1802 and subsequently moved to Woodlawn Plantation upon its completion in 1805. Throughout her life, Nelly regarded herself as the preserver of George Washington's legacy. She died at Audley Plantation on July 15, 1852 and is buried at Mount Vernon in the family tomb.","Martha Washington (1731-1802): Martha Dandridge Custis Washington was born on June 2, 1731 to parents John and Frances Jones Dandridge. She married her first husband, Daniel Parke Custis, on May 15, 1750. Together they had four children, two of whom died in childhood. On July 8, 1757, her husband unexpectedly died, leaving her a widow with their two remaining children, John Parke Custis and Martha Parke Custis. On January 6, 1759, Martha Dandridge Custis married George Washington. Martha Parke Custis or Patsy, died at the age of 17. On February 3, 1774, John Parke Custis married Eleanor Calvert, and together they had four children who survived to adulthood. However, on November 5, 1781, John Parke Custis passed away, and the younger two of his children went to live at Mount Vernon with their grandmother. Martha Dandridge Custis Washington died on May 22, 1802.","George Washington (1732-1799): George Washington was born on February 22, 1732 at a modest farm in Westmoreland County, Virginia to parents Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. In 1749, George Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpepper County. In 1752, he started his military career in the Virginia militia. During the Revolutionary War he was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army and later was elected as the first President of the United States of America. He lived with his wife, Martha Washington, at Mount Vernon, where he passed away December 14, 1799."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003e[Name and date of item], Chapin Collection of Washington \u0026amp; Custis family documents, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["[Name and date of item], Chapin Collection of Washington \u0026 Custis family documents, [Folder], Special Collections, The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon [hereafter Washington Library], Mount Vernon, Virginia."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eEsther Maria Lewis Chapin Collection of Washington Family Documents ;\nGeorge Washington Collection ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Materials"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Esther Maria Lewis Chapin Collection of Washington Family Documents ;\nGeorge Washington Collection ;\nHistoric Manuscripts Collection ;\nLawrence Lewis Papers ;\nPeter Family Papers"],"scopecontent_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection consists of papers inherited and collected by Washington family descendants. Many were purchased in 1927 at auction to reunite Washington family correspondence. The collection includes correspondence, financial documents and legal documents that relate primarily to the Custis and Lewis families, but include other items related to Virginia history. Charles and Peter Chapin, the previous owners of this collection, descended from Eleanor Parke Custis and Lawrence Lewis through Esther Maria Lewis and Charles Chapin. This collection was originally assembled by Esther Maria Lewis Chapin who inherited some of the Washington/Custis papers, but was also an avid collector and brought back together family items that were being dispersed nationwide. This collection is an example of that effort; much of which was at auction in 1927 (Anderson Galleries, sale 2201, 28-29 November 1927).\u003c/p\u003e"],"scopecontent_heading_ssm":["Scope and Contents"],"scopecontent_tesim":["This collection consists of papers inherited and collected by Washington family descendants. Many were purchased in 1927 at auction to reunite Washington family correspondence. The collection includes correspondence, financial documents and legal documents that relate primarily to the Custis and Lewis families, but include other items related to Virginia history. Charles and Peter Chapin, the previous owners of this collection, descended from Eleanor Parke Custis and Lawrence Lewis through Esther Maria Lewis and Charles Chapin. This collection was originally assembled by Esther Maria Lewis Chapin who inherited some of the Washington/Custis papers, but was also an avid collector and brought back together family items that were being dispersed nationwide. This collection is an example of that effort; much of which was at auction in 1927 (Anderson Galleries, sale 2201, 28-29 November 1927)."],"separatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eOne title, The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, 1634. Transferred to Rare Books Collection.\u003c/p\u003e"],"separatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Separated Materials"],"separatedmaterial_tesim":["One title, The New Testament of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, 1634. Transferred to Rare Books Collection."],"names_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon","Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Scott, John Morin, 1730-1784","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Rittenhouse, David, 1732-1796","Jacks, James, active 1781-","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Costin, William, 1780?-1842"],"corpname_ssim":["Special Collections at The George Washington Presidential Library at Mount Vernon"],"persname_ssim":["Lewis, Eleanor Parke Custis, 1779-1852","Washington, George, 1732-1799","Washington, Martha, 1731-1802","Scott, John Morin, 1730-1784","Custis, John Parke, 1754-1781","Rittenhouse, David, 1732-1796","Jacks, James, active 1781-","Dandridge, Bartholomew, approximately 1774-1802","Trumbull, Jonathan, 1740-1809","Costin, William, 1780?-1842"],"language_ssim":["English \n.    "],"descrules_ssm":["Describing Archives: A Content Standard"],"total_component_count_is":21,"online_item_count_is":2,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:43:08.918Z"}]}},"label":"Breadcrumbs"}}},"links":{"self":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vimtvl_repositories_3_resources_71"}},{"id":"vifgm_mannmaps","type":"collection","attributes":{"title":"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection","creator":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mannmaps#creator","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t","label":"Creator"}},"abstract_or_scope":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mannmaps#abstract_or_scope","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":"Donated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection.","label":"Abstract Or Scope"}},"breadcrumbs":{"id":"https://search.arvasarchive.org/catalog/vifgm_mannmaps#breadcrumbs","type":"document_value","attributes":{"value":{"id":"vifgm_mannmaps","ead_ssi":"vifgm_mannmaps","_root_":"vifgm_mannmaps","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_mannmaps","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/mannmaps.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/mannmaps.html","title_ssm":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"title_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1579-1961"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1579-1961"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0213"],"text":["C0213","C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection","Maps.","There are no access restrictions.","Selections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                 .","This collection is arranged by size of map.","Charles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.","In 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.","Mann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.","He also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977.","Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger.","Special Collections and Archives also holds   and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","Donated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026 Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t","English\n\t\t"],"unitid_tesim":["C0213"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"collection_ssim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creator_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creators_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Betty Hart Mann in 1979."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["5 linear feet (90 folders)"],"extent_tesim":["5 linear feet (90 folders)"],"date_range_isim":[1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Digitized Map Collection\" href=\"http://digilib.gmu.edu:8080/dspace/handle/1920/1935\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                 ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by size of map.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by size of map."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.","In 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.","Mann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.","He also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection, C0213, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection, C0213, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"C. Harrison Mann, Jr.'s personal papers\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/mann.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds   and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref175\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eDonated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Donated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026 Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives"],"persname_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"language_ssim":["English\n\t\t"],"total_component_count_is":92,"online_item_count_is":33,"component_level_isim":[0],"sort_isi":0,"timestamp":"2026-05-01T00:52:17.185Z","collection":{"numFound":1,"start":0,"numFoundExact":true,"docs":[{"id":"vifgm_mannmaps","ead_ssi":"vifgm_mannmaps","_root_":"vifgm_mannmaps","_nest_parent_":"vifgm_mannmaps","ead_source_url_ssi":"data/gmu/mannmaps.xml","aspace_url_ssi":"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/mannmaps.html","title_ssm":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"title_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"unitdate_ssm":["1579-1961"],"unitdate_inclusive_ssm":["1579-1961"],"level_ssm":["collection"],"level_ssim":["Collection"],"unitid_ssm":["C0213"],"text":["C0213","C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection","Maps.","There are no access restrictions.","Selections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                 .","This collection is arranged by size of map.","Charles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.","In 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.","Mann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.","He also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977.","Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger.","Special Collections and Archives also holds   and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog.","There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.","Donated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026 Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection.","George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t","English\n\t\t"],"unitid_tesim":["C0213"],"normalized_title_ssm":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"collection_title_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"collection_ssim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection"],"repository_ssm":["George Mason University"],"repository_ssim":["George Mason University"],"creator_ssm":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creator_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creator_persname_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"creators_ssim":["Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"access_terms_ssm":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"acqinfo_ssim":["Collection donated by Betty Hart Mann in 1979."],"access_subjects_ssim":["Maps."],"access_subjects_ssm":["Maps."],"has_online_content_ssim":["true"],"extent_ssm":["5 linear feet (90 folders)"],"extent_tesim":["5 linear feet (90 folders)"],"date_range_isim":[1579,1580,1581,1582,1583,1584,1585,1586,1587,1588,1589,1590,1591,1592,1593,1594,1595,1596,1597,1598,1599,1600,1601,1602,1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609,1610,1611,1612,1613,1614,1615,1616,1617,1618,1619,1620,1621,1622,1623,1624,1625,1626,1627,1628,1629,1630,1631,1632,1633,1634,1635,1636,1637,1638,1639,1640,1641,1642,1643,1644,1645,1646,1647,1648,1649,1650,1651,1652,1653,1654,1655,1656,1657,1658,1659,1660,1661,1662,1663,1664,1665,1666,1667,1668,1669,1670,1671,1672,1673,1674,1675,1676,1677,1678,1679,1680,1681,1682,1683,1684,1685,1686,1687,1688,1689,1690,1691,1692,1693,1694,1695,1696,1697,1698,1699,1700,1701,1702,1703,1704,1705,1706,1707,1708,1709,1710,1711,1712,1713,1714,1715,1716,1717,1718,1719,1720,1721,1722,1723,1724,1725,1726,1727,1728,1729,1730,1731,1732,1733,1734,1735,1736,1737,1738,1739,1740,1741,1742,1743,1744,1745,1746,1747,1748,1749,1750,1751,1752,1753,1754,1755,1756,1757,1758,1759,1760,1761,1762,1763,1764,1765,1766,1767,1768,1769,1770,1771,1772,1773,1774,1775,1776,1777,1778,1779,1780,1781,1782,1783,1784,1785,1786,1787,1788,1789,1790,1791,1792,1793,1794,1795,1796,1797,1798,1799,1800,1801,1802,1803,1804,1805,1806,1807,1808,1809,1810,1811,1812,1813,1814,1815,1816,1817,1818,1819,1820,1821,1822,1823,1824,1825,1826,1827,1828,1829,1830,1831,1832,1833,1834,1835,1836,1837,1838,1839,1840,1841,1842,1843,1844,1845,1846,1847,1848,1849,1850,1851,1852,1853,1854,1855,1856,1857,1858,1859,1860,1861,1862,1863,1864,1865,1866,1867,1868,1869,1870,1871,1872,1873,1874,1875,1876,1877,1878,1879,1880,1881,1882,1883,1884,1885,1886,1887,1888,1889,1890,1891,1892,1893,1894,1895,1896,1897,1898,1899,1900,1901,1902,1903,1904,1905,1906,1907,1908,1909,1910,1911,1912,1913,1914,1915,1916,1917,1918,1919,1920,1921,1922,1923,1924,1925,1926,1927,1928,1929,1930,1931,1932,1933,1934,1935,1936,1937,1938,1939,1940,1941,1942,1943,1944,1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961],"accessrestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no access restrictions.\u003c/p\u003e"],"accessrestrict_heading_ssm":["Access Restrictions"],"accessrestrict_tesim":["There are no access restrictions."],"altformavail_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSelections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Digitized Map Collection\" href=\"http://digilib.gmu.edu:8080/dspace/handle/1920/1935\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"],"altformavail_heading_ssm":["Alternative Form Available"],"altformavail_tesim":["Selections from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection are also available in the \n                 ."],"arrangement_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThis collection is arranged by size of map.\u003c/p\u003e"],"arrangement_heading_ssm":["Arrangement"],"arrangement_tesim":["This collection is arranged by size of map."],"bioghist_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eCharles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eIn 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eMann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.\u003c/p\u003e","\u003cp\u003eHe also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977.\u003c/p\u003e"],"bioghist_heading_ssm":["Biographical note"],"bioghist_tesim":["Charles Harrison Mann, Jr. was born in Alabama in 1908 and received his law degree from the University of Virginia in 1931. He subsequently became an attorney both in Washington, D.C. and in Arlington, Virginia where he and his wife Betty Hart Mann, maintained their home. In 1949, while serving as President of the Northern Virginia Chapter of the University of Virginia Alumni Association, Mann organized an exploratory committee of local citizens to develop support for higher education in Northern Virginia. Through these efforts, the Northern Virginia Center of the University opened in October 1, 1949.","In 1953 Mann organized the Advisory Council to the Northern Virginia Center, which agreed that a two-year branch college should be established. Elected as a Democrat to the Virginia House of Delegates from 1954-1970, Mann sponsored a resolution calling for a study of educational needs for Virginia, and was instrumental in recommending the development of a college system in Virginia, particularly the establishment of a branch in Northern Virginia.","Mann was responsible for creating an educational financial assistance program for Virginia college students, and was instrumental in sponsoring legislation allowing local governments to form regional boards to acquire and transfer land and buildings for educational use.","He also served as the Chairman of George Mason College's first Board of Control. He sponsored bills constituting George Mason College as a branch of the University of Virginia and later elevating it to a four year division of the University with the right to grant degrees and offer graduate programs. He served on the GMU Board of Visitors from 1975 to 1977. He died in 1977."],"prefercite_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eC. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection, C0213, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"prefercite_tesim":["C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection, C0213, Special Collections and Archives, George Mason University Libraries."],"processinfo_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eProcessed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger.\u003c/p\u003e"],"processinfo_heading_ssm":["Processing Information"],"processinfo_tesim":["Processed by Special Collections and Archives staff. EAD markup completed in July 2012 by Greta Kuriger."],"relatedmaterial_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eSpecial Collections and Archives also holds \u003cextptr type=\"simple\" show=\"new\" title=\"C. Harrison Mann, Jr.'s personal papers\" href=\"http://sca.gmu.edu/finding_aids/mann.html\"\u003e\u003c/extptr\u003e and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog.\u003c/p\u003e"],"relatedmaterial_heading_ssm":["Related Material"],"relatedmaterial_tesim":["Special Collections and Archives also holds   and handwritten draft of his history of George Mason University. Papers pertain to his political career and include subject files, memoranda, campaign materials, speeches, newsclippings and other related materials. In addition, there is the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. collection of rare books and atlases that can be found searching the GMU Libraries catalog."],"userestrict_html_tesm":["\u003cp\u003eThere are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries.\u003c/p\u003e"],"userestrict_heading_ssm":["Use Restrictions"],"userestrict_tesim":["There are no restrictions on personal use. Permission to publish material from the C. Harrison Mann, Jr. Map Collection must be obtained from Special Collections Research Center, George Mason University Libraries."],"abstract_html_tesm":["\u003cabstract id=\"ref175\" label=\"Abstract\"\u003eDonated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026amp; Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection.\u003c/abstract\u003e"],"abstract_tesim":["Donated to George Mason University Libraries in September 1978 by the Mann family, the C. Harrison Mann Jr, Map Collection comprises ninety-six maps ranging from the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries and is housed in the Special Collections \u0026 Archives department. Though the majority of the maps Mann collected are of Virginia, there are many pertaining to other parts of the United States and the world in the collection."],"names_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. Special Collections \u0026 Archives","Mann, Charles Harrison, Jr., 1908-1977 \n\t\t"],"corpname_ssim":["George Mason University. Libraries. 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